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初中英语句子成分练习题

时间：2025年05月27日

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下面是小编为大家整理的初中英语句子成分练习题，本文共4篇，欢迎阅读与收藏。本文原稿由网友“hnzpc”提供。

篇1：初中英语句子成分练习题

(一) 指出下列句中主语的中心词.

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ________________

② There is an old man coming here. ________________

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ________________

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. ________________

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词.

① I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this.

A. want B. to tell C. you D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

A. We B. had C. send D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is B. interested C. in D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to?

A. give B. did C. whom D. book

(三) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语.

① Please tell us a story. ________________

② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ________________

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ________________

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ________________

⑤ Did he leave any message for me? ________________

中考英语专题复习：句子成分基础练答案

(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A

(三) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语

② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语

④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

篇2：初中英语句子成分练习题及答案

1、指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟）

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

2、选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟）

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. Picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B.did C. whom D. book

3、挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）

① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩ They didn't know who “Father Christmas” really is.

4、挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟）

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

5、挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）

① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

6、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟）

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.④ They call me Lily sometimes.

③ She found it difficult to do the work. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

7、挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟）

① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

8、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟）

① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

答案

1、① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

2、① B② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C⑨ A⑩ A

3、①homework. ②English. ③attention ④words ⑤to go swimming ⑥ he was ill.⑦ him monitor⑧bridge museum⑨ it school. ⑩ who“Father Christmas”really is

4、①tired.②worried ③yellow.④interested ⑤the first

5、① family②given③third ④ some ⑤downstairs⑥ of the other shoe!

6、①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③ difficult④ Lily ⑤ get on the bus ⑥ playing football

7、① on her face. ②Every night ③ when he was eleven.④ too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm ⑥ because she loves books. ⑦ if you’ve lost it ⑧ to see the other machine.

8、① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语

④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

篇3：初中英语句子成分

英语句子成分和中文是基本一样的，但是有一点差异，只要了解其中的不同，就能轻松学会如何表达英文句子!

句子成分精讲

句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。

主要成分：主语和谓语

1、主语

一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置：

一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。

The school is far from here. 名词做主语

She goes to school by bike.

Eight is a lucky number.

The blind need more help.代词做主语数词做主语名词化的形容词做主语

There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语

Predicting the future is interesting.

To be a doctor is my dream.

2、谓语

表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态.

英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。

谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的构成。

分析句子的主语和谓语

Mr. Li teaches English.

He can play the piano.

My parents and I are having dinner.

3、表语

用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。

表语的位置

用在动词be和系动词的后面。

名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。

Your pen is on the desk.

He got very angry.

My dream is to have a robot.

动名词做主语不定式短语做主语

常见的系动词

1. be动词

2. 与感觉有关的动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等

3. 表示状态变化的动词，意为“变得” “变成” 如 get, grow, turn等

上述两类词作连系动词时要用形容词作表语,千万不能用副词。

4、宾语

是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词.

不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词.

宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成.

I saw a plane in the sky just now.

I want three. 名词做宾语数词做宾语

I like going shopping. 动名词做宾语

We think predicting the future is hard.

5、宾语补足语（宾补）宾语从句

有些及物动词除了要有一个宾语之外, 还须加上一个补足语。如果没有补足语(宾补), 有时候句子的意思就不完整。充当宾补的有:

1. 形容词作宾语补足语

The sun keeps us warm.

2. 介词短语作宾语补足语:

I found her in the room.

3. 副词作宾语补足语。

Please let him in.

4. 名词作宾语补足语。

We made him monitor of the class.

5. 动词不定式和分词也能用作宾语补足语。

I asked him to come.

6、定语

定语修饰名词或代词(即在汉语里的……的)

1. 形容词作定语(一般放在被修饰语之前,修饰不定代词时放在后面)

They have a clever son.

I have something important to tell you.

2. 名词作定语:

Is it a color film?

名词作定语一般用单数形式, 如:

school bus, ticket office, paper flowers

但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop

man 和 woman修饰的名词如果是复数,它们总以复数的形式作定语,如:

men drivers , women doctors

3. 代词作定语:

This song is better than that one.

4. 数词作定语:

There are only thirty students in our class.

带有数字的复合形容词.当复合形容词用连字号连接时,其中的名词要用单数形式.

a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy

5. 副词作定语:

Do you know the young man over there?

6. 介词短语作定语(The students in our class like swimming.

7、状语

修饰动词,形容词或副词,有的修饰全句, 用以说明地点, 时间, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 结果, 条件, 让步等.

1. 副词作状语:

The old man is walking slowly.

The boy is very clever.

2. 介词短语作状语:表方式表程度

I have lived in Shanghai for five years.

3. 不定式作状语表时间

I come here to see you.

4. 现在分词作状语表目的

The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式

5. 状语从句

We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

状语的位置

1. 在一般情况下,用于句末。

We like our school very much.

2.为了强调状语,可以把它放在句首.

I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.

3. 表频度的副词通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,

用于行为动词前,be动词、助动词和情态动词后

I usually get up early.

He is often late.

一些副词, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似

sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末

only 在句中的位置比较灵活, 但位置不同, 意义也不同.

The actor only sang a song.

Only the actor sang a song.

The actor sang only one song.

两个或多个状语同时修饰时的顺序

1. 地点状语在前, 时间状语在后.

We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.

2. 较小单位的状语在前,由小到大

Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.

3. 一个句子有几个不同种类的副词作状语, 其顺序大都是: 程度副词,方式副词, 地点副词, 时间副词

She sang very well at the meeting last night.

时间和地点状语也可以位于句首, 表示强调或使上下文更为连贯

Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.

动词-ed形式作定语，表语，宾语补足语和状语

一、动词-ed形式作定语

过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(the Participle Adjective),实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如：

spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);

但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。

(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面,作前置定语。激动的人们冲进大楼。(=the people who were excited)

．虚度的时光,无法挽回。(=time which is lost)

(2)后置定语 ①少数单个动词的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。

1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。

2. Among the invited were some ladies．被邀请的人中,有些是女士。

3. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。

②动词-ed形式短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面,在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。

1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight)

2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) 我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。注意:这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词,改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。

二、动词-ed形式作表语过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如： He looked worried after reading the letter．看完信后,他显得很忧虑。

When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea．听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。

常见的作表语的过去分词有:

amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)； surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等

三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。

She found the door broken in when she came back．她回来时发现有人破门而人。

My grandfather had his old house rebuilt．我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。

少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时,强调动作完成后的状态.

They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时,发现所有的客人都走了。