GRE阅读高频对比题型答题技巧

时间:2023年01月12日

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下面是小编收集整理的GRE阅读高频对比题型答题技巧,本文共10篇,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。本文原稿由网友“伊苏尔德”提供。

篇1:GRE阅读高频对比题型答题技巧

GRE阅读高频对比题型答题技巧

GRE阅读对比题基本题型介绍

对比的思维在GRE阅读中绝对不少见,也就是常说的对比题。对比题的主要出题形式大致是:下述哪一选项所述现象和原文第N行的说法比较相像?或者下列哪个选项为原文的观点提供了一个很好的例子?。根据这种出题形式可以发现,考生应对对比题,需要对文章整体或者部分段落细节有比较清晰的理解才能顺利应对。

GRE阅读对比题解题思路分析

根据题目要求,考生应对对比题最实用的解题思路如下:

1. 标记原文返回定位

对比题和细节题类似,很多时候都需要考生返回原文中找到对应位置进行分析解答,因此定位对对比题来说是比较重点的起始步骤。

2. 结合理解归纳总结

对比题考的是对原文的理解和概括,属于比较抽象的内容,因此大家需要学会对原文的内容进行归纳和抽象,抽象的时候要注意,有态度的要把态度留下,把具体的名词都丢掉。

3. 对比选项寻找答案

在完成了之前步骤后,大家就可以得到一个关于题目内容的具体框架,大致是“对象+正评价/负评价/无评价+某事”。到了这一步,考生的解题流程就算是基本完成了,之后只要和选项进行对比就能找到合适答案。

GRE阅读对比题实例讲解

在之前考过的GRE阅读题中,有这样一段话“It is one of nature's great ironies that the availability of nitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth even though the plants' leaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas.”我们把氮气(nitrogen)抽象为A,植物(plant)抽象为B,这句话的结构就是“B的周围有很多A,但B依然觉得A不够”。

我们再到选项里看,很快会发现只有(C) That of shipwrecked sailors at sea in a lifeboat, with one flask of drinking water to share among them符合,置于这个的逻辑抽象,大家可以自己尝试一下如何抽象,同时也可以尝试下对其它错误选项同样也抽象。这种题目切记,不可先看选项,一定要“先抽象,再选项”。

GRE长难句解析:神经细胞

Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.

【标识】

Other experiments revealed slight variations 1[in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection] 2[of the nerve cells], 3{but 4{as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned}, the obvious similarities 5[of these sensory fields] 6[to each other] seemed much more remarkable than any 7[of the minute differences]}.

【难点】

1. 介词结构倒装。in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection修饰variations。2. 介词结构倒装。of the nerve cells修饰interconnection。3. 长句。but连接的平行结构。4. 长句。as far as引导的状语从句。5. 介词结构倒装。of these sensory fields修饰similarities。6. 介词结构倒装。to each other修饰similarities。7. 介词结构倒装。of the minute differences修饰any。

【译文】

尽管其他实验揭示了神经细胞在大小、数量、排列顺序与连接方式上存在着细微差别,但是就心理-神经的相互关系而言,这些感官区域之间存在的明显的相似性远比它们之间的任何细微差异都更为令人注目。

【3s版本】

神经细胞的相似性比差异更引人注目。

GRE长难句解析:墨西哥裔美国人

Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally, a conquered people—a charter minority on our own land.

【标识】

Now we must also examine the culture 1[as we Mexican Americans have experienced it], 2we passing 3{from a sovereign people to compatriots 4[with newly arriving settlers] to, finally, a conquered people}—a charter minority 5[on our own land].

【难点】

1. 长句。as引导的方式状语从句。

2. 无头句。passing from…on our own land省略主语we。

3. 长句。from…to…to…构成的平行结构。4. 介词结构倒装。with newly arriving settlers修饰compatriots。5. 介词结构倒装。on our own land修饰charter minority。

【译文】

现在,我们也必须用我们墨西哥裔美国人的经历来审视这个文化:我们本来是一个有主权的民族,接着变成了刚刚到此定居者的同胞,最后沦落为一个被征服的民族,变成了自己土地上的特许的少数派。

GRE

篇2:GRE阅读常见对比题型

GRE阅读常见对比题型

GRE阅读的比较题型是什么?

比较的思维在GRE阅读中绝对不少见,也就是常说的比较题。比较题的主要出题形式大致是:下述哪一选项所述现象和原文第N行的说法比较相像?或者下列哪个选项为原文的观点提供了一个很好的例子?。根据这种出题形式可以发现,考生应对比较题,需要对文章整体或者部分段落细节有比较清晰的理解才能顺利应对。

GRE阅读中如何做好比较题?

根据题目要求,考生应对比较题最实用的解题技巧主要可分为以下3个步骤:

1. 定位细节是第一步

比较题和细节题类似,很多时候都需要考生返回原文中找到对应位置进行分析解答,因此定位对比较题来说是比较重点的起始步骤。

2. 整体了解文章再归纳

比较题考的是对原文的理解和概括,属于比较抽象的内容,因此大家需要学会对原文的内容进行归纳和抽象,抽象的时候要注意,有态度的要把态度留下,把具体的名词都丢掉。

3. 形成对文章的认识框架并解题

在完成了之前步骤后,大家就可以得到一个关于题目内容的具体框架,大致是“对象+正评价/负评价/无评价+某事”。到了这一步,考生的解题流程就算是基本完成了,之后只要和选项进行对比就能找到合适答案。

GRE阅读比较题实例分析

在之前考过的GRE阅读题中,有这样一段话“It is one of nature's great ironies that the availability of nitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth even though the plants' leaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas.”我们把氮气(nitrogen)抽象为A,植物(plant)抽象为B,这句话的结构就是“B的周围有很多A,但B依然觉得A不够”。

我们再到选项里看,很快会发现只有(C) That of shipwrecked sailors at sea in a lifeboat, with one flask of drinking water to share among them符合,置于这个的逻辑抽象,大家可以自己尝试一下如何抽象,同时也可以尝试下对其它错误选项同样也抽象。这种题目切记,不可先看选项,一定要“先抽象,再选项”。

以上就是小编为大家介绍的GRE阅读比较题的解题思路技巧,希望各位考生能够认真参考上文内容,练熟应对GRE阅读比较题的方法,在考试中顺利解决此类问题确保得分。

GRE阅读真题

Elements of the Philosophy of Newton, published by Voltaire in 1738, was an early attempt to popularize the scientific ideas of Isaac Newton. In the book’s frontispiece, Voltaire is seen writing at his desk, and over him a shaft of light from heaven, the light of truth, passes through Newton to Voltaire’s collaborator Madame du Ch?telet; she reflects that light onto the inspired Voltaire. Voltaire’s book commanded a wide audience, according to Feingold, because “he was neither a mathematician nor a physicist, but a literary giant aloof from the academic disputes over Newtonian ideas.” In other words, Voltaire’s amateurism in science “was a source of his contemporary appeal, demonstrating for the first time the accessibility of Newton’s ideas to nonspecialists.”

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

1. Which of the following statements about Voltaire’s Elements of the Philosophy of Newton can be inferred from the passage?

A. Voltaire’s literary stature helped secure a large audience for this attempt to popularize Newton’s ideas.

B. Voltaire’s status as a nonscientist was an advantage in this effort to bring Newtonian science to the attention of the general public.

C. The frontispiece of the book implies that Voltaire’s understanding of Newton’s ideas was not achieved without assistance.

2. Select the sentence that describes an allegory for Voltaire’s acquisition of knowledge concerning Newton’s ideas.

GRE长难句练习及解析:性别比例

That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. (难度系数5,下同)

译文:那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量,并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。GRE阅读难句训练方法倒装句的介绍!

a本句的正常语序应当是:That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语That sex ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句,如果按照以上语序,则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。

b在which引导的从句中,有两处省略:第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中, an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句,但是,因为descendants在从句中作have的宾语,所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略 是在第二个the number of 之前,省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。

意群训练:That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.GRE阅读难句训练方法倒装句的介绍!

篇3:GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧

GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解

GRE阅读如何准确定位主题句?

和国内学生写文章不一样,美国人的阅读文章中从来都不出现“I think that,in my opinion,as far as I am considered”此类语言做主题句。通常来说主题句有以下两种形式:

1. 判断句(含情态动词,系动词,正负褒贬词的句子);

2. 概括文章将来结构。

GRE阅读主题句寻找技巧分享

以这句话为例:Your minds changed my attitude. 这句话中并没有情态动词和系动词,因此这句话自然不是判断句,也就不是主题句。但只要在这句话中加入一个正负褒贬词,即一个词表明作者的态度或观点的词即是判断句了。比如,Your minds successfully changed my attitude即是判断句了。

另外,如果一个句子不是判断句,只要它能够概括文章将来结构,及文章后面会从哪几个方面来说明,也是主题句。比如,People are living longer now. 这句话一定不是主题句,而如果这句话是,People are living longer now since the improvement of food condition and the development of medical technology.这句话即是主题句了。因为它概括了文章后面会从哪几个方向来进行说明。

应对主旨题细节题需学会找准主题句

如果考生在新GRE阅读题中掌握好了主题句判断方法,很多文章便可以很快把握文章的结构框架,帮助后面文章的理解。

比如一篇文章的开头是,Mycorrhizal fungi infect more plants than do any other fungi and are necessary for many plants to thrive, but they have escaped widespread investigation until recently for two reasons. First, the symbiotic association is so well-balanced that the roots of host plants show no damage even when densely infected. Second, the fungi cannot as yet be cultivated in the absence of a living root.

第一句是明显的判断句,即为主题句。而主题句也同时概括了文章的将来结构,即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。下面马上看到了first和second,我们即知道这两个很难读懂的句子无非是两个原因使得M真菌没有得到广泛研究而已,具体是哪两个原因,我们几乎可以忽略不读。

综上所述,在做GRE阅读时,快速准确发现主题句的方法和技巧是非常实用的,对于提升阅读文章速度和解决许多耗时题型都有很大帮助,因此小编希望大家都能学会掌握和运用这种技巧,提高解答阅读题的效率,减轻严格考试时间带来的应试压力。

GRE阅读提高默读速度有技巧

想读得快,咱先得看看人是咋读书的。这叫追根溯源,由道及术,圣人之道也。人的读书过程是一个左右脑配合的过程——左脑负责集中注意把焦点放到一个或数个单词上,右脑负责周边注意(余光,当然叫旁光更亲切一些,尤其是军训时教官让我们集中注意向前看,并且用旁光与边上的同学对齐时)。好的阅读者会在读书时让左右脑充分协调配合(军训的教官真有先见之明让我们大一就开始练英文阅读了!)

读书时在脑子中有两种过程——默读(subvocalisation)和思维之流(stream of thoughts)。默读速度比较慢,在克服默读的过程中你要达到临在的状态——即充分的意识和放松,认识到自己那虚伪的自我感(这点东西可以算是心灵哲学的内容吧,如果有兴趣可以看看克里希那穆提的著作或俄克里特托利的《修炼当下的力量》,没有什么复杂的东西,关键说白了就是四个字:放松意识)。

读是一个学习(或者说认知)的过程,是符号信息与读者内心感受的交互。它要求有适当的逻辑与积极的思考(要不然还怎么交互??)

大致分为以下几个步骤:

1、Recognition:文字识别

2、Assimilation:物理输入

3、Intra-integration:字面理解

4、Extra-integration:内涵理解(别想歪了!)

5、Retention:记忆

6、Recall:回忆

7、Communication:默读与一词一词地读(简称小学读法)的最大缺点有二(这还叫最大吗?算了,都挺大的)1、慢!2、容易走神(小时候妈妈老是骂我不好好看书,现在终于找到原因了!要是你看书跟看电视似的过瘾谁不好好看书?嗯,看完本书你就可以像看电视一样地看书了,别忘了以后有了孩子再教给它,家里能省不少电费)

克服默读(往往伴随着回读过频)之后,你的阅读能力理论上可以提高五倍,大多数人可以做到每分钟看1000个单词。虽然小丁我至今没感受到(我昨天花了俩钟头看完了原著,稍微把里边的练习试了一下,只觉得提高了一倍)。

The Eye and its Movements先说眼,咱不是生物书,就不具体介绍眼球结构了。但是有一个概念是不得不提的,那就是中央窝(fovea),它在视网膜上,负责视觉注意力的集中。也就是,你现在注意看啥,它在视网膜上的投影就在中央窝上。现在说重点——眼的运动。

这不是一个平滑的过程,而是一停一停的。你的阅读过程是一次一次注意的连接,而在两次注意之间的转移过程中你的大脑是不做任何识别工作的。意识到这个过程并对此加以训练就足以大大提高你的阅读速度了。当然,注意只是投影到中央窝的视觉,那么余光呢?眼睛能看到余光中的单词,却无法清楚地识别。

这部分视觉可以引导大脑把注意力移动到合适的位置。阅读达人在读书时只把注意力放在每行的中部,而用余光粗略浏览边上的单词看是否和自己猜的一样(这一点小生现在实在没法做到,说白了就是把阅读变成了超级句子填空了嘛,不知道十年之后当GRE成为往事时是否能做到...)。

提高遇到速度方法如下:

1、找一个没有思想深度,遣词造句比较简单的阅读材料,比如休闲杂志、消遣小说之类的(注:平时用TS法,当遇到无法理解的句子时大脑会自动调节为SB法,注意感受这一过程有助于提高阅读能力)

2、找一个没有人的屋子——绝对不能再自习室进行这一步,否则你真会被别人当成SB——然后大声数数,从一到十、再从一到十(书上说,断续发eee...eee...eee...的音也可以,真是不为SB誓不罢休),在这个过程中试着阅读。大脑控制SB与控制喉咙是同一个分区,当你数数时就占用了这个分区,使大脑无法SB。

3、当你可以熟练地做2时,可以在心中默数,这时就可以回自习室而不必担心被看成SB了。

4、当可以做3时就努力提高阅读速度,当超过每分钟360个词时,由于速度过快就会进入一个抑制SB的良性循环。

5、针对高手,还可以加入除了TS之外的自己的思想补充文本内容使自己在阅读时身临其境。

6、直到有一天,你发现自己已经可以明确区分SB与TS并自由选择。最后你的浏览速度可以达到词每分钟。

ETS公布GRE阅读选项原则

1. 正确选项:

(1)同义变换 。即将原文中的某一句话用另一种说法表达,也就是英文中的paraphrase。如将文章中的“many wind-pollinated species fail to release pollen when wind speeds are low or when humid conditions prevail.”换成选项中的“Pollen is sometimes not released by plants when there is little wind”。

其中包括三种类型:变换同义词,变换句型,变化同根词的词性。以下分别论述,请注意表格中的斜体字。

2.错误选项:

对于GRE阅读文章中更大量的错误选项,ETS也形成了一套固定的规则。以下笔者就用实例来说明错误选项编制的规则:

(1)混偏反无。

1)混: 此类选项的错误可以形象地概括为:“张冠李戴”。 如下例:

文章:“...unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses”

GRE阅读考试题目:The passage suggests that the failure of a large business to have its bids for subcontracts result quickly in orders might cause it to

(A) experience frustration but not serious financial harm

(B) face potentially crippling fixed expenses (本题问大公司如果没有使投标转化为订单将引起什么结果。而这恰恰是小公司的特点。)

(C) have to record its efforts on forms filed with the government

(D) increase its spending with minority subcontractors

(E) revise its procedure for making bids for federal contracts and subcontracts

2)偏: 意即选项中所包含的逻辑范畴与原文不符。包括”以偏概全“ 以及”以全概偏”。请看下文:

Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a Black community. But Marshall extended the analysis of Black female characters begun by Hurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine’s development in terms of the relationship between her Barbadian American parents, and by exploring how male and female roles were defined by their immigrant culture, which in turn was influenced by the materialism of White America. By placing characters within a wider cultural context, Marshall attacked racial and sexual stereotypes and paved the way for explorations of race, class, and gender in the novels of the 1970’s.

GRE阅读题目:The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) comparing the works of three Black American authors

(B) describing common themes in Black American literature

(C) discussing an important work in Black American literature

(D) providing insights about Black American literature in the early twentieth century

(E) providing historical information about the writing of Black American novels in the second half the twentieth century

分析:此文描述并评价了美国黑人文学史上一部优秀的著作。而其中的D,E选项中的“Black American literature”以及“the writing of Black American novels”无疑扩大了原文的逻辑涵盖的范围,即属于“以全概偏”。于是不予选择。

3)反: 即选项中的内容与文章内容相反。

文章:“....Paule Marshall’s Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of the early twentieth century. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman’s search for identity within the context of a black community......”

题目:

According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they

(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives

(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century

(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels

(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture

(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women

分析:从文章中得知:“马歇尔已经摆脱了抗议小说所一贯描绘的受压迫并且带有悲剧色彩的女主人公形象”。但是B选项却说道:“马歇尔深深地受到二十世纪早期抗议小说的影响”,明显与原文意思相反。

再如:

It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being

(A) completely different from novels written before 1959

(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century

(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it

(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today

(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s

分析:C选项“与之前的抗议小说类似” 与原文意思相反。而B选项的“深受二十世纪早期小说的影响”从文章无法推测出。

4)无:即 提到文章中未涉及的内容。由于此种选项编制容易,并且ETS一厢情愿地认为此种迷惑手段非常高明。因此,此类错误选项在GRE阅读的错误选项中数量众多。请各位考生紧记:凡基于文章内容无法推测出的选项必然错误。

还是上文:

题目:

According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they

(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives

(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century

(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels

(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture

(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women

分析:从文章中得知:“马歇尔与另外两位的的共同点在于他们都把小说聚焦于一位普通的黑人女性对自己身份的追求,当然故事是以一个黑人社会为背景”。其中的A选项“未研究百人文化对角色生活所带来的影响”文章从未涉及。

再如:

It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being

(A) completely different from novels written before 1959

(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century

(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it

(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today

(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s

分析:D选项“二十世纪50年代末期重要,但是今天过时了”文章从未涉及。

(3) 含有强调性语言(最高级、唯一性和比较级)的选项

ETS会随意地在选项中加入一些极端语言来编制错误选项。集中表现为含有最高级,唯一性以及比较级的词汇。换句话说,含有这三类词汇的选项错误的几率很高。具体说:

1)最高级词汇:best , the most important, the least useful, uttermost, foremost, uppermost, always ,never, often, usually,primarily,primary,exact(ly),complete(ly) . entire(ly) absolute(ly) extremely, unmitigated . unrestrained . unchecked. first等

2)唯一性词汇:only, alone, exclusively, sole(ly), unique(ly)

3)比较级词汇:more useful than, less beneficial than, better , worse than ,as ..as, the same with, similar to 等等。

还是以上两例:

According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they

(A) did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters’ lives

(B) were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century

(C) used Black communities as the settings for their novels

(D) wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture

(E) wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women

分析:此处的D选项和E选项中的“primarily”以及“exclusively”都属于比较极端的词汇。

It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being

(A) completely different from novels written before 1959

(B) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century

(C) similar to the protest novels that preceded it

(D) important in the late 1950’s but dated today

(E) an important influence on novels written in the 1970’s

分析:此处的A选项中的“completely” 也属于比较极端的词汇。

(4) 违反“论据集中”原则:

即此类选项试图使用非定位处的信息回答问题。此类选项极具迷惑性,因为这些错误的选项在文章中确实被提及过,可是由于与问题回答无关因此不予选择。

请看下例:

“No very satisfactory account of the mechanism that caused the formation of the ocean basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces for long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection in the mantle of the earth with rising convection currents under the(E) mid-ocean ridges and sinking currents under the continents. Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct: it has the advantage that the currents are driven by(B) temperature differences that themselves depend on the position of the continents. Such a (D)back-coupling, in which the position of the moving plate has an impact on the forces that move it, could produce complicated and varying motions.

On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offsets or changes in direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between the (C)Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. ”

【题】The author refers to a “conveyor belt” in order to

(A)illustrate the effects of convection in the mantle

(B)show how temperature differences depend on the positions of the continents

(C)demonstrate the linear nature of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

(D)describe the complicated motions made possible by back coupling

(E)account for the rising currents under certain mid-ocean ridges

分析:此题为一道举例作用题。其定位为文章中加粗和划线的句子。但是这四个错误的选项都无一例外地通过利用其它的句子编制而成,即出题机构分别使用文章中标号为 A,B,C和D的内容编制出四个错误的选项。因此,不予选择。考生切忌因为文章别的地方曾经出现过类似的内容而犹豫不决。

篇4:GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解

GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解 主旨题和细节题高效做法分析

GRE阅读如何准确定位主题句?

和国内学生写文章不一样,美国人的阅读文章中从来都不出现“I think that,in my opinion,as far as I am considered”此类语言做主题句。通常来说主题句有以下两种形式:

1. 判断句(含情态动词,系动词,正负褒贬词的句子);

2. 概括文章将来结构。

GRE阅读主题句寻找技巧分享

以这句话为例:Your minds changed my attitude. 这句话中并没有情态动词和系动词,因此这句话自然不是判断句,也就不是主题句。但只要在这句话中加入一个正负褒贬词,即一个词表明作者的态度或观点的词即是判断句了。比如,Your minds successfully changed my attitude即是判断句了。

另外,如果一个句子不是判断句,只要它能够概括文章将来结构,及文章后面会从哪几个方面来说明,也是主题句。比如,People are living longer now. 这句话一定不是主题句,而如果这句话是,People are living longer now since the improvement of food condition and the development of medical technology.这句话即是主题句了。因为它概括了文章后面会从哪几个方向来进行说明。

应对主旨题细节题需学会找准主题句

如果考生在新GRE阅读题中掌握好了主题句判断方法,很多文章便可以很快把握文章的结构框架,帮助后面文章的理解。

比如一篇文章的开头是,Mycorrhizal fungi infect more plants than do any other fungi and are necessary for many plants to thrive, but they have escaped widespread investigation until recently for two reasons. First, the symbiotic association is so well-balanced that the roots of host plants show no damage even when densely infected. Second, the fungi cannot as yet be cultivated in the absence of a living root.

第一句是明显的判断句,即为主题句。而主题句也同时概括了文章的将来结构,即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。下面马上看到了first和second,我们即知道这两个很难读懂的句子无非是两个原因使得M真菌没有得到广泛研究而已,具体是哪两个原因,我们几乎可以忽略不读。

综上所述,在做GRE阅读时,快速准确发现主题句的方法和技巧是非常实用的,对于提升阅读文章速度和解决许多耗时题型都有很大帮助,因此小编希望大家都能学会掌握和运用这种技巧,提高解答阅读题的效率,减轻严格考试时间带来的应试压力。

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

Although pathogenic organisms constantly alight on the skin, they find it a very unfavorable environment and, in the absence of injury, have great difficulty colonizing it. This “self-sterilizing” capacity of the skin results from the tendency of all well-developed ecosystems toward homeostasis, or the maintenance of the status quo.

Species that typically live in soil, water, and elsewhere rarely multiply on the skin. Undamaged skin is also unfavorable to most human pathogens. The skin is too acid and too arid for some species. The constant shedding of the surface skin layers further hinders the establishment of invaders. The most interesting defense mechanism, however, results from the metabolic activities of the resident flora (resident flora: 聚居植物群). Unsaturated fatty acids, an important component of the lipids in sebum collected from the skin surface, inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens. These acids are a metabolic product of certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community, which break down the more complex lipids in freshly secreted sebum.

17. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) offer an analysis of metabolic processes

(B) detail the ways in which bacteria and fungi can be inhibited

(C) describe mechanisms by which the skin protects itself against pathogens

(D) analyze the methods whereby biological systems maintain the status quo

(E) provide a specific example of the skin’s basic defenses against pathogens

18. The “resident flora” mentioned in line 16 refer to

(A) “Unsaturated fatty acids” (line 17)

(B) “sebum collected from the skin surface” (lines 18-19)

(C) “bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens” (lines 19-20)

(D) “certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community” (lines 21-22)

(E) “more complex lipids” (lines 23)

19. Among the natural defenses of the skin against pathogenic organisms are all of the following EXCEPT the

(A) dryness of the skin

(B) acidity of the skin

(C) tendency of the pathogens toward homeostasis

(D) shedding of surface layers of the skin

(E) metabolic breakdown of lipids

20. The author presents her material in which of the following ways?

(A) Stating a problem and then supplying a solution

(B) Presenting a phenomenon and then analyzing reason for it

(C) Providing information and then drawing a conclusion from it

(D) Making a general statement and then arguing by analogy

(E) Making an inference and then developing it by illustration

“Masterpieces are dumb,” wrote Flaubert, “They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals and mountains.” He might have been thinking of War and Peace, that vast, silent work, unfathomable and simple, provoking endless questions through the majesty of its being. Tolstoi’s simplicity is “overpowering (overpowering: adj.无法抵抗的, 压倒性的),” says the critic Bayley, “disconcerting,” because it comes from “his casual assumption that the world is as he sees it.” Like other nineteenth-century Russian writers he is “impressive” because he “means what he says,” but he stands apart from all others and from most Western writers in his identity with life, which is so complete as to make us forget he is an artist. He is the center of his work, but his egocentricity is of a special kind. Goethe, for example, says Bayley, “cared for nothing but himself. Tolstoi was nothing but himself.”

For all his varied modes of writing and the multiplicity of characters in his fiction, Tolstoi and his work are of a piece (of a piece: adj.一致的). The famous “conversion” of his middle years, movingly recounted in his Confession, was a culmination of his early spiritual life, not a departure from it. The apparently fundamental changes that led from epic narrative to dogmatic parable, from a joyous, buoyant attitude toward life to pessimism and cynicism, from War and Peace to The Kreutzer Sonata, came from the same restless, impressionable depths of an independent spirit yearning to get at the truth of its experience. “Truth is my hero,” wrote Tolstoi in his youth, reporting the fighting in Sebastopol. Truth remained his hero—his own, not others’, truth. Others were awed by Napoleon, believed that a single man could change the destinies of nations, adhered to meaningless rituals, formed their tastes on established canons of art. Tolstoi reversed all preconceptions; and in every reversal he overthrew the “system,” the “machine,” the externally ordained belief, the conventional behavior in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.

In his work the artificial and the genuine are always exhibited in dramatic opposition: the supposedly great Napoleon and the truly great, unregarded (unregarded: adj.不受注意的) little Captain Tushin, or Nicholas Rostov’s actual experience in battle and his later account of it. The simple is always pitted against (be pitted against: 被置于与…的对抗中) the elaborate, knowledge gained from observation against assertions of borrowed faiths. Tolstoi’s magical simplicity is a product of these tensions; his work is a record of the questions he put to himself and of the answers he found in his search. The greatest characters of his fiction exemplify this search, and their happiness depends on the measure of their answers. Tolstoi wanted happiness, but only hard-won happiness, that emotional fulfillment and intellectual clarity which could come only as the prize of all-consuming effort. He scorned lesser satisfactions.

21. Which of the following best characterizes the author’s attitude toward Tolstoi?

(A) She deprecates the cynicism of his later works.

(B) She finds his theatricality artificial.

(C) She admires his wholehearted sincerity.

(D) She thinks his inconsistency disturbing.

(E) She respects his devotion to orthodoxy.

22. Which of the following best paraphrases Flaubert’s statement quoted in lines 1-4?

(A) Masterpiece seem ordinary and unremarkable from the perspective of a later age.

(B) Great works of art do not explain themselves to us any more than natural objects do.

(C) Important works of art take their place in the pageant of history because of their uniqueness.

(D) The most important aspects of good art are the orderliness and tranquility it reflects.

(E) Masterpieces which are of enduring value represent the forces of nature.

23. The author quotes from Bayley (line 8-20) to show that

(A) although Tolstoi observes and interprets life, he maintains no self-conscious distance from his experience

(B) the realism of Tolstoi’s work gives the illusion that his novels are reports of actual events

(C) unfortunately, Tolstoi is unaware of his own limitation, though he is sincere in his attempt to describe experience

(D) although Tolstoi works casually and makes unwarranted assumption, his work has an inexplicable appearance of truth

(E) Tolstoi’s personal perspective makes his work almost unintelligible to the majority of his readers

24. The author states that Tolstoi’s conversion represented

(A) a radical renunciation of the world

(B) the rejection of avant-garde ideas

(C) the natural outcome of his earlier beliefs

(D) the acceptance of religion he had earlier rejected

(E) a fundamental change in his writing style

25. According to the passage, Tolstoi’s response to the accepted intellectual and artistic values of his times was to

(A) select the most valid from among them

(B) combine opposing viewpoints into a new doctrine

(C) reject the claims of religion in order to serve his art

(D) subvert them in order to defend a new political viewpoint

(E) upset them in order to be faithful to his experience

26. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true of War and Peace?

(A) It belongs to an early period of Tolstoi’s work.

(B) It incorporates a polemic against the disorderliness of Russian life.

(C) It has a simple structural outline.

(D) It is a work that reflects an ironic view of life.

(E) It conforms to the standard of aesthetic refinement favored by Tolstoi’s contemporaries.

27. According to the passage, the explanation of Tolstoi’s “magical simplicity” (line 55) lies partly in his

(A) remarkable power of observation and his facility in exact description

(B) persistent disregard for conventional restraints together with his great energy

(C) unusual ability to reduce the description of complex situations to a few words

(D) abiding hatred of religious doctrine and preference for new scientism

(E) continuing attempt to represent the natural in opposition to the pretentious

答案:17-27:CDCBCBACEAE

GRE阅读长难句中译英练习

61.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.

62. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do so--and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.

63. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning”.

64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo's life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.

65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

61.[参考译文]但是,对一个小部分学生来说,职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在其他因素相同的情况下,技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。

62.[参考译文]他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类,并下令.不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验--尽管还没有人建议这么做--他还请一个以普林斯顿大学校长哈罗得·夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。

63.参考译文]在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中,夏皮罗提出,专家组已经达成广泛共识,那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”。

64.[参考译文]因为现今的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆胚胎(人类后裔在出生前的最早阶段)用于研究或者有意地威胁胚胎的生命,NBAC在胚胎研究上将保持沉默。

65.[参考译文]如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施的话,那么对管理层来说,期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。

GRE阅读高频题型应对技巧讲解

篇5:中考阅读题题型及答题技巧

中考阅读题题型:概括类

☆ 具体题型

1.本文的线索是什么?

2.请用简洁的语言概括文章(文段)的内容;

3.简要概括文中事物的特点(优点、用途)。

4.提取文中的某句话,然后问为什么、原因是什么。

☆ 答题技巧

1.本文的线索是什么?

回答此题的关键是看文章的标题, 文章的标题往往就是全文的线索;其次是关注文中反复出现的关键词语,这个词语一般也就是文章的线索。

2.请用简洁的语言概括文章(文段)的内容。

首先要明白文中的时间、地点、人物和事件四个要素,然后根据“(何时、何地)谁 干什么 结果怎样”或者“什么 怎么样”的思路组织语言。准确、清楚、简洁,不要把概括内容变成了原文复述。

概括议论文或说明文文段的内容,抓段落中心句。一般说来,议论文、说明文的段意是通过中心句来表现的。中心句的位置往往在一个文段的开头(起提领作用),或在结尾(起总结作用)有时也在中间。

3.简要概括文中事物的特点(优点、用途)

此类题经常出现在说明文中,答案往往不止一点,而且一般分散在文中,需要进行提取加工。首先要分析文章结构,注意段中的连接词,如“首先”、“其次”、“还”、“也”、“此外”等词语,这些句子往往就是事物的几点特征。另外,在找到一点特征后,还要看看下面几段的相同位置句,答案往往就隐含在那里,看分值答题,注意不要遗漏。

4.提取文中的某句话,然后问为什么,原因是什么。

把题干代入原文,答案一般就在原文语句处附近。可以直接用文中相关句子作答,也可以对提取出来的关键词进行加工。

中考阅读题题型:鉴赏类

☆ 具体题型

1.本文的标题有何作用?

2.文中加点词语有何作用(好处、妙处)?

3.文中画线句子运用了什么修辞手法,有何作用?(对文中的画线句进行赏析;请说说画线句子的表达效果。)

4.某段在文中起何作用?

5.文中画线句(某段)运用了什么样的描写方法,有何作用?

6.请分析文中**的形象。 (文中的**具有怎样的性格特点)

7.文中画线句(某段)运用了什么样的说明(论证)方法,有何作用?

8.文章运用了对比(伏笔、象征等的表现手法,有何作用?

☆ 答题技巧

1.本文的标题有何作用?

标题通常有以下作用:

(1) 全文的线索,推动情节的发展;(2)总结文章内容、点明主旨(突出主题);(3)形式新颖,吸引读者;(4)反映人物情感的变化。(需注意的是回答时不能全部照搬,需根据文章的内容灵活套用)。

2.文中加点词语有何作用(好处、妙处)?

一般有固定的答题思路:

(1)动词:生动形象地表现什么,(或传神刻画了事物……的情状),表现了人物……的心情(性格)。

(2)形容词、副词:生动形象地描摹出某人(某物)……的特点、情态(或描绘出一幅……样的场景),反映了人物……的心情。

3.文中画线句子运用了什么修辞手法,有何作用或对文中的画线句进行赏析,请说说画线句子的表达效果。

此题的答题思路:分析该句的修辞作用+具体语境作用。常见修辞答题如下:

比喻:用(事物)比喻(事物),形象地写出了(事物)……的特点(情态),表达了(人物)……的情感。

拟人:把**拟人化(或赋予**人的情感),生动形象地表现了……的情状(描绘出……的画面),写出了事物……的特点,表达了(人物)……的思想感情。

排比:使句式更整齐,气势更强烈,强调了(事物)的……,突出了(人物)……的感情。

夸张:夸大 (或缩小)了(事物)的大小(长度、速度、性能等)、突出了(事物)……的特点。

反问:这个反问句的意思是……以强烈的语气表达了(人物)……的态度(观点、情感)。

设问:开头出现,其作用通常为:设置悬念,吸引读者。文中或结尾出现其作用通常为:引起了对……问题的关注(或引人深思),给人以启迪,突出了文章的主旨。

引用:(1) 引用诗句,其作用通常为:增强文章的诗情画意,使文章语言更优美(或引用诗句是为了说明……);(2) 引用故事、神话传说,其作用通常为:增强文章的趣味性,吸引读者。

对偶:使文章节奏鲜明,增强文章的节奏感和韵律美。

4.某段在文中起何作用?

先弄清该段落在文中的位置,再分析其作用。

在文章的开头:①引出下文;②开头点明故事所要描写(说明、议论)的对象;③照应文章标题;④设置悬念,吸引读者;⑤为后文的情节发展埋下伏笔(作铺垫),推动情节的发展。在文章中间:①承上启下的过渡作用;②为后文的情节发展埋下伏笔(作铺垫),推动情节的发展。

在文章的结尾:①总结全文;②解释全文主旨;③照应前文;④照应文章标题;⑤引人深思。(需注意的是,并不是每个答案全部都写上,而是根据具体情况套用适用的答案)

5.文中画线句(某段)运用了什么样的描写方法,有何作用?

首先分析属于何种描写手法,然后分析其作用:

①人物描写(肖语动心):表现了人物**的特点,突出人物的**性格(心理、品质);②环境描写:烘托了一种**的气氛,表达了**人物怎样的思想感情(心理)

6.请分析文中**的形象或文中的**具有怎样的性格特点?

从文中检索关于人物的语言、动作、心理等的描写,提取出关键词来分析人物性格,并对结果进行加工合并。

7.文中画线句(某段)运用了什么样的说明(论证)方法,有何作用?

此类题有固定的答题思路:

举例子:具体、准确地说明了事物的**特点。

分类别:条理清楚地说明了事物的**特点。(对事物的特征、事理分门别类加以说明,使说明更有条理性)

打比方:生动形象地说明该事物的**特点,增强了文章的趣味性。

列数字:具体而准确地说明该事物的大小、长短、多少等特点,使说明更有说力。

作比较:突出强调了被说明对象的**特点(地位、影响等),给读者留下了深刻的印象。

下定义:用严密科学的语言对说明的对象或科学事理加以揭示,从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征或事理。

列图表: 直观形象地说明了事物的**特点。

引用: ①引用故事、神话传说:以……这个生动的故事引出说明的事物,引起读者的阅读兴趣;②引用名人名言:用……这句名言说明了(事物)……的特点,增强了文章的说服力;③引用诗句:……这个诗句的引用,增强了文章的诗情画意,写出了(事物)……的特点,同时增强了可读性,引起读者的阅读兴趣。举例论证:用……这个生动的事例证明了……这个论点(分论点),从而使论证更具体、更有说服力(或增强文章的趣味性,吸引读者)。

道理论证:引用……的名言或引用格言、俗语等,充分有力地论证了……的观点,增强文章的说服力。

比喻论证:将……比作……,证明了……的观点,从而把抽象深奥的道理阐述得生动形象、浅显易懂。

对比论证:将……和……加以比较,突出强调了……的观点(说出了二者在某方面的区别)

8.文章运用了对比(伏笔、象征等的表现手法,有何作用?

常见的表现手法有对比、象征、伏笔、照应等,每一种表现手法都有其特定的作用。

对比:**和**形成鲜明的对比,突出人物(事物)……的特点。

象征:使文章立意高远、含蓄深刻。

伏笔:对将要出现的**事件作暗示,为情节发展作铺垫。

照应:使文章结构严谨,令主题更加鲜明,使文章(故事情节)更加严密。

烘托、渲染:常用来表现环境、营造氛围、抒发感情、突出主题。

中考阅读题题型:深层含义理解类

☆ 具体题型

1.分析本文标题的含义。

2.说说你对加点词语含义的理解。

3.说说你对文中画线句含义的理解。

4.联系生活实际,谈谈你读完本文后的观点、作者的情感发表见解,或提出启示。(谈谈你对文章的理解)看法、建议等延伸拓展题。

☆ 答题技巧

1.分析本文标题的含义。

此类题首先需找出标题中的关键词语,先回答它字面上的意思,即其本意。然后联系文章的主旨,说出这个词语的寓意,便可得出其深层含义。

2.说说你对加点词语含义的理解。

首先找到词语在原文中的位置,然后弄清上下句具体语境,弄清这个词语所包含的寓意,即可得出答案。

3.说说你对文中画线句含义的理解。

理解句子的含义一般有两种答法:①将句子所表达的意思和具体语境或文章的主旨联系起来,然后用浅显的语言表述;②解释这个句子为什么这么说,这么说的原因是什么。

4.联系生活实际,谈谈你读完本文后的启示。

此类题属于开放性试题。回答此类问题时,只要符合题干的要求,联系文章的内容,有具体的事例说明,表述合理即可。

1.中考议论文阅读题型及答题技巧

2.中考语文阅读答题技巧

3.中考小说阅读答题技巧

4.20中考语文小说阅读题型及解题技巧

5.中考数学答题技巧压轴题

6.20中考语文阅读答题技巧

7.中考阅读说明文答题技巧

8.中考现代文阅读的答题技巧

9.年中考语文散文阅读答题技巧

10.中考议论文阅读答题的技巧

篇6:高中语文阅读常见题型答题技巧

自然科学和社科类文章阅读

这两部分的内容考查,一般采用单项选择的形式,共设四个小题。做好这四道题,要注意以下几点:

1.注意思考的严密、周详。

2.务必找到与试题选项对应的词、句、段,反复对照理解,仔细判断选项正误;依据原句进行推理要合理,否则成为“无中生有”。

3.了解设置干扰项的几种情况:偷换概念,以偏概全,无中生有,扩大或缩小概念的范围,缺乏依据,因果颠倒,先后错乱,张冠李戴等。

4.自然科学类文章阅读有时选文可能枯燥,要保持大脑清醒。静下心仔细阅读,力求准确理解。

答题技巧:

一是锁定题目的阅读区间,在第几段第几行,特别是涉及到第一、第二自然段的词语、句子的理解题。

二是一般第1、2题比较容易,可以直接找到原文中的位置,根据题干指向。表述一般与原文一致的,大都正确。

三是第3、4题的设题难度稍微大一点。设题的错误项大都与原文有些偏差。细微处要搞清楚。

文言文阅读

针对文言文阅读试题多以叙述性文字为主的特点,在进行整体性阅读时,要用心去查找文中的人和事,尽量把文中下列相关的内容圈点出来:人有几位,如何称谓;主角是谁,与他人关系怎样;事有几件,由几人所干;事件关系,有何意义,大体分分层次。接着审清题目,带着这些问题再去研读文段,不在无关处纠缠,要在紧要处下工夫。

1.文言实词的理解:坚持“词不离句”的原则。利用字与字、词与词的结构特点。采取由彼到此的联想方式,迅速理解词义。选项中给出的解释,可代入句中,结合上下文,反复印证。另外要特别注意词的多义、词的活用、词的古今异义、通假、词的偏义等文言现象。平时我们积累的一些成语中个别语素的解释,有时也能给我们一些启示,也要为我所用。

2.虚词的意义和用法:以理解句意为前提,根据词在句中的位置化虚为实,断定词性和用法。

3.“筛选信息”和“把握文意”:这是文言文阅读的最后两道题。要注意整体把握。尤其最后一道“把握文意”题,该题四个选项的设置。大多是按原文内容先后顺序排列的,往往选不恰当的项,这既对理解全文有帮助,也为解前面的题提供了有效的信息。此处宜稍放慢速度,力争做正确,做完后,回过头来检验前面几个题的正误。

答题技巧:

1.要学会圈圈点点,因为第I卷使用答题卡,圈点是可以的。把人物、主要事件划一划。

2.要先读文言文的最后一题,即内容的概括分析题。这个题实质上可称为“文言文的白话译文”,它对人物、对全文内容、对事件的分析都十分清楚明了。所以先读了此文。就相当于读了译文之后。再去看原文。事半而功倍。

3.要借助原文推断词义。不要想当然,要调动自己头脑中的知识储备。

4.文言文的翻译,要先看此句前面的文字含意。因为上下文是最好的提示。前面的句子理解了,后面的句子自然会水到渠成。

5.除了常见的文言实词以外(大纲规定的120个),还要在考前看一看课本中注释的其他文言实词,只看注释即可。

6.文言虚词要在“而、与、乃、其、所、为、焉、以、因、于、则、之”等常用词语上,再复习一下。

篇7:高中语文阅读常见题型答题技巧

审题

通常阅读试卷上的文字材料,第一遍需要速读,首先要重点理解文章的体裁是记叙文还是说明文。答题时切忌文章都没完整的阅读过试卷上的文字材料,就匆匆忙忙地写答案。最好先把文章从头到尾通读一遍,对文章有一个整体的认识和理解。其次要初步理清文章的思路。一般来讲,文章的每一段、每句话归根到底都是为阐明中心服务的,都归向文章的主旨。平时要学会为文章标段,归纳每段意思,归纳中心思想。它在要求概括段落大意一类的阅读理解的解题中,往往是行之有效的一个办法。

有的学生要用“顺读法”,就是先读短文后读题目,然后再读短文寻找正确答案。有的学生采用“倒读法”,就是先读题目(四个选项不读)后读短文, 最后寻找答案。我比较赞成“倒读法”,因为这种阅读方法 是带着问题阅读, 目的明确,容易集中,能及时抓住文中与解题关系密切的信息,从而节省了阅读 时间。“倒 读法“对表层理解的题目(提问时间、地点、原因等)效果最好,对深层理解的题目,要从短文的整体内容出发,进行概括和总结,分析所提供选项,作出准确的判断。

把握作者的写作意图和目的

考生可通过以下途径来实现这个目标:

(1)、首先应对整篇文章有完整、准确的理解,从总体上把握文章的主题;

(2)、要善于抓住文中关键句子或关键词,它们有时会出现在文章的开头,有时也会出现在文章的结尾或中间;

(3)、要对文章的引申含义进行分析和深加工;

(4)、从选项与原文在意思上是否一致入手。

篇8:高中语文阅读常见题型答题技巧

1 规定时间:

不管是在平时的练习当中,还是考试当中,都要严格控制自己的阅读答题时间,不能耗费太多的时间在自己读不懂的阅读上,不然其他阅读会没有时间做。

2 看题型、题量:

一般情况下,高中语文试题中阅读的部分都有好几种题型,当拿到卷子时,应快速浏览阅读题型,抓自己最擅长的题型先做,如果没有擅长的题型,就先抓题量少的,阅读量少的先做。

3 看分值:

所谓的看分值,就看清楚阅读问题中所给的分值,例如一道问答题是十分,那你就应该至少答五点和题目有关的答案。这样估算一点2分,才能刚好到10分。在不确定的情况下多答一两点,给分老师会择优选择。

另外还有就是不要本末倒置,在分值低的题目上答好多文字,分值高的题目三言两语。

4 抓重点:

不管是阅读时,还是写答案时,都要抓住重点。在阅读题目时,把重点文字做好标记,在写答案时,把最重要和关键的点说清楚,不要为了凑字数,在答案上面写好多废话,第一是浪费时间,第二是老师改卷时只会看与准确答案相吻合的答案给分。

5 叙述清晰:

遇到文言文题型时,可能是好多人的盲点,不管是解释字义还是翻译句子,都会碰到些许难点,在答这种题时,重要的就是要语句通顺,叙事清晰,实在不会的就往大意上靠吧。

6 不空题:

在绝对不空题这一点上,可能所有的语文老师都提醒过吧,因为做语文卷子,尤其是阅读,空题那可是大忌,即使完全不会也不能一字不答,多多少少能写什么,就写什么。空题会给整个改卷老师非常不好的印象,答对答错,碰对一点和正确答案相符的点,老师都会给点分的,要知道真正的高考那可是一分值千金啊。

7 字迹工整:

再说一个印象分吧,提高高中阅读的质量无非就是为了真正的高考,那么像语文这样灵活性很强的科目,就应该想尽办法在这科上多赚几分,把字练好,答题时字迹工整,重点基本都抓住了,老师就会给高分。如果字写得乱七八糟,即使答得都正确,没准老师手一抖就要给扣一两分了。

4语文阅读短文答题技巧

1 多看书,增强阅读速度

平时可以通过多看一些文章,小说,或者故事等,来提高自己的阅读速度,就比如我身边的喜欢看小说的人,他们的阅读速度都很快。

2 一些题目的答案可以在文章中寻找,把较符合的做一下标记,然后用自己的语言整理下来

3 考试前多训练

平时写一些阅读理解的题目,锻炼一下大脑,写好后一定要去校对答案,看完后并学习答案里的答题技巧

4 做阅读题目时,第一遍要认真阅读,了解故事的内容。在做题时,要在文章找答案的话,用浏览的方式就好了,如果一篇阅读,因为认真答题而去多仔细阅读几遍,就会失去更多的考试答题时间

5 概括全文主旨的话,那么在你要回答之前先回到文章多浏览几遍,根据故事的大意可以按照;通过...揭示了什么道理...表达了作者怎样的感情...。

可以根据全文的首尾段落寻找答案提示,一般首尾都含有作者的情感表达和全文的主题,也可以根据标题寻找主旨,一般标题都是具有文章概括性的

高中语文阅读常见题型答题技巧

篇9:中考议论文阅读题型及答题技巧

1.分析某论证方法的作用

句式:使用××论证的方法+论证了××观点+效果

具体如下:

①举例论证:通过举具体的事例加以论证,从而使论证更具体、更有说服力。

格式:使用了举例论证的论证方法,举……(概括事例)证明了……(如果有分论点,则写出它证明的分论点,否则写中心论点),从而使论证更具体、更有说服力。

②道理论证:通过讲道理的方式证明论点,使论证更概括、更深入。

格式:使用了道理论证的论证方法,论证了……的观点,从而使论证更概括、更深入。

③比喻论证:通过比喻进行证明,使论证生动形象、浅显易懂。

格式:使用了比喻论证的论证方法,将……比作……,证明了……的观点,从而把抽象深奥的道理阐述得生动形象、浅显易懂。

④对比论证:对比论证的作用就是突出强调。

格式:使用了对比论证的论证方法,将……和……加以比较,突出强调了……的观点。

⑤引用论证:引用论证比较复杂,这与具体的引用材料有关,有引用名人名言、格言警句、权威数据、名人轶事、笑话趣闻等各种情况,其作用要具体分析。 如引用名人名言、格言警句、权威数据,可以增强论证的说服力和权威性;引用名人轶事、奇闻趣事,可以增强论证的趣味性,吸引读者往下读。

格式:使用了引用论证的论证方法,通过引用……证明……的观点,使论证更有说服力。(或更有趣味性,吸引读者往下读)

2.分析论据的类型和作用

论据可分为道理论据和事实论据两种类型。答题要点两个方面:(1)明确论据类型;(2)具体分析作用。这类题目究其实质是考查论据与论点的关系,无论是与中心论点与分论点的关系,都是证明与被证明的关系,所以,规范性答题格式如下:

这是……论据,在文中起着证明……(论点,如果有分论点,则写出它证明的分论点,否则写中心论点。)

补充论据作为一种新题型正在流行,做这种题目,注意以下两个方面:(1)看清楚要求补充的论据类型,即看清楚要求的是名言还是事例;(2)补充名人事例要注意字数限制。当然,作为应考,可以准备“勤奋”、“处世”等常见主题的名人事例和名言。名言字数要少,事情要熟悉,不要为求新而准备那些较长名言或不熟悉的名人事例。

3.考查文章提出中心论点的方式

①文章标题点明中心论点;

②文章开头提出中心论点;

③文章结尾归纳出中心论点;

④文章中间用某个承上启下的句子提出中心论点;

⑤文章没有直接提出中心论点,但始终围绕……展开论述。

4.中心论点的识别

一看题目,二看首尾,三看是否是明晰的判断,四看是否统帅全文,五看论据证明的观点。

5.分析文章的论证思路

首先应该了解一般议论文的结构:提出问题(引论)--分析问题(本论)--解决问题(结论)。

分析议论文的论证思路,其实,就是在段落层次的基础上加上一些诸如“首先”“然后”“接着”“最后”一类表起承转合关系的词语。做这个题目,尤其要注意开头结尾的表述。

开头的内容有:

(1)提出中心论点;

(2)引出论题。

以上两个方面,要具体回答出提出中心论点或引出论题的具体方式,有的是通过名人名言、有的是通过名人佚事、有的是通过趣闻笑话等。

结尾的内容:

(1)深化中心论点,提出……的结论;

(2)重复或强化……的中心论点;

(3)发出……的号召或劝勉人们……;

(4)补充论证了……。(有时候会考查这方面作用,其作用是使论证更严密。)

做这类题目,就是把文章的引论、本论、结论具体化地陈述出来。

如:《人的高贵在于灵魂》一文,我们可以这样表述:首先引用法国思想家帕斯卡的名言“人是一枝有思想的芦苇”提出中心论点“人的高贵在于灵魂”,然后 举阿基米德、王尔德事例证明了“珍惜内在的精神财富甚于外在的物质财富”,最后以一个火车上读书的少女为例向人们发出“人应该保持纯正的精神追求”的劝勉。

6.题目分析

(1)作用分析

①点明论点;

②交代论题;

③点明议论由头。

方法:

●主谓短语和动宾短语一般是论点;如:《珍惜××》,《学会××》,《继续保持艰苦奋斗的作风》。

●并列短语一般论述事物之间的关系;如《想和做》《成与败》。

●题目中有谈、论、说、议的一般是论题。

(2)效果分析

●点明了文章论述的内容,明确了文章论点;

●运用比喻,生动形象的提出了论点等。

篇10:雅思阅读简短题型的答题技巧

雅思阅读:简短题型的答题技巧

a. 题型要求:

每个题目都是一个特殊问句,要求根据原文作出回答。

绝大部分的题目要求有字数限制,一般有如下几种表达方式:

◆ no more than two/three/four words(不超过2/3/4 个字);

◆ one or two words(一个或两个字);

◆ use a maximum of two words(最多两个字)。

有字数限制的,一定要严格按照题目要求去做。少部分的题目要求中没有字数限制,这时,请注意,答案字数也不会很长,一般不会超过四个字。总之,这种题型的答案都是词或短语,很少是句子,所以又叫“短问答”。考试中,A 类和G 类一般都是每次必考,考一组,共三题左右。

b. 解题步骤

◆找出题目中的关键词,最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。将题目中的关键词与原文各段落的小标题或每段话的第一句相对照。有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落,这必将大大加快解题时间,并提高准确率。但并不是每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个段落的。题目中如果包含年代、人名、地名、数字,这些词肯定是关键词,因为原文中不会对这些词做改变,而且这些词特别好找,所以依据这些词在原文中确定答案比较快。

◆从头到尾快速阅读该段落,根据题目中的其他关键词,确定正确答案。确定一个段落后,答案在该段落中的具体位置是未知的。所以,需要从头到尾快速阅读该段落,确定正确答案。

◆答案要对应题目中的特殊疑问词。

答案必须要对应题目中的特殊疑问词。绝大部分的答案是名词或名词短语,也有少部分是动词或形容词短语。

◆要注意顺序性,即题目的顺序与原文的顺序基本一致。

题目是有顺序性的。第一题的答案应在文章的前部,第二题的答案应在第一题的答案之后。这个规律也有助于确定答案的位置。

注意事项:

◆所有的答案都不用大写,专有名词除外。

一句话的第一个字母需要大写,我们的答案大部分都是词或短语,都不是一句话,所以不用大写。但答案中的专有名词,如人名和地名需要大写。例如:Australian taxpayer ,不能答为:australian taxpayer。

◆绝大部分的答案来自原文原词,极少一部分需要自己写答案。

大部分的答案来自原文原词,而且是原文中连续的几个词。只有极少一部分需要自己写答案。所以,在考试中,如果发现有很多都需要自己写答案,应首先怀疑自己找错答案的位置。需要自己写答案的例子:

原文:…… if your iron produces droplets of water instead of giving off steam, your temperature control is set too low.

题目:What should you do if our iron starts to drip water?

答案及解释:原文说:如果你的熨斗产生水滴而不是放出水蒸气,是以为你把温度设置的过低。题目问:如果你的熨斗开始滴水,你应该做什么?答案应该是升高温度的意思,但原文中并没有相应的原词,需要自己写出来。最好的答案是根据your temperature control is set too low 改为set temperature high/higher。同样正确的答案为:increase the temperature 或turn up temperature。

雅思阅读材料:英国男子用短信发莎士比亚全集

A Bristol graphic designer who was ripped off by an internet seller has turned to Shakespeare to get his revenge.

在英国西部的港口城市布里斯托尔,一位平面设计师被一个网上卖家骗了,他让莎士比亚帮他报仇了。

Edd Joseph, 24, who lives in the city with his girlfriend, was furious when he bought a PS3 games console for ?80 and the seller failed to deliver the goods.

24岁的艾德-约瑟夫和女朋友定居在这里,当得知他在网上花了80英镑买的PS3游戏机后卖家没有给他发货时,他非常愤怒。

So Edd decided to take his revenge by sending him the entire works of the Bard - by text.

所以艾德决定报仇——把莎士比亚所有的作品全文用短信发给那个卖家。

Edd discovered he could copy the words from the internet and paste them into a text message - without costing him a penny on his unlimited mobile phone package.

艾德发现他可以从网上复制文字再粘贴到短信里,而他自己因为有无限的手机短信包而不用花一个子儿。

He sends it as one text but his victim can only receive them in 160 character chunks - meaning the 37 works of Shakespeare will buzz through in 29,305 individual texts.

他只用一条短信就能发送整部书的内容,但是他的复仇对象只能每次接收160个字符——意味着莎士比亚的37部作品将会通过29305条短信向他“嗡嗡嗡”得狂轰乱炸。

So far Edd has sent 22 plays including Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello which have been delivered in 17,424 texts.

迄今为止,艾德已经发送了22个剧本,包括《哈姆雷特》《麦克白》和《奥赛罗》。这些文字已经通过17424条短信发送出去了。

He reckons the remaining 15 works will take another few days to send - meaning his adversary's phone will have been constantly beeping for nearly a week.

他预计剩下的15部作品还要花上几天送达——意味着骗子的手机将会在将近一周的时间里不停地振动。

Edd has now started getting abusive replies from the seller.

那位卖家已经回了很多条短信来骂他。

He said: ”I got the first reply after an hour, and then a few more abusive messages after that. His phone must have been going off pretty constantly for hours.

他说:“一个小时后我收到了第一条回复短信,之后他又回了几条短信来骂我。他的手机肯定已经连续关机好几个小时了。”

\"I'm going to keep doing it. If nothing else I'm sharing a little bit of culture with someone who probably doesn't have much experience of it.”

“我还要继续发。没什么,我只是想让某个没文化的人感受一下什么叫文化。”

雅思阅读材料:心情不好怎么办

心情不好怎么办?去购物吗?把钱花光了,心情就好了?还有更省钱又有效的方法,助你糟糕心情High起来!计划一次旅行,做一顿大餐,看一部喜剧。打败坏心情,其实很容易。

Although I'm all for indulging in activities to boost your mood, retail therapy is definitely a pricey way to do it. And it might make you feel worse in the long run if your shopping expedition makes a dent in your bank account. Here are some wallet-friendly ways to turn around a bad day:

虽然我很赞成去做一些能提升心情的活动,但是购物疗法无疑是种昂贵的方式。从长远的角度上看,购物后你的账户余额会减少,那时你可能会感到更难受。 下面是几种既提升心情又省钱的妙招:

1.Start planning a trip.Make a plan to take some days off and start researching destination ideas. Research has shown that planning and anticipating a trip has an even greater effect on happiness than the actual trip itself.

1.开始计划一次旅行。计划休几天假,并开始调研目的地。研究发现计划并憧憬一次旅行比实际的旅行会更让人开心。

2.Make yourself a happy meal. A happy meal is basically comfort food you can make at home that will help you feel better. Perhaps it's a childhood favorite like Oreos and milk or maybe a secret family recipe.

2.自己动手做一顿快乐之餐。一顿快乐之餐就是你自己在家做的可口食物,它能让你感觉好一些。也许它是你儿时的,比如奥利奥、牛奶,也许是你按家传秘方做出的食物。

3.Set a goal and accomplish it. Set a small and reasonable goal and complete it before the end of the night. It can be simple tasks like washing the dishes or finishing up two chapters of a mystery novel. You'll feel better when you're getting things done.

3.制定目标并加以实现。制定一个小且合理的目标,并在晚上睡觉前实现它。可以是简单的任务比如洗盘子或看完两章推理小说。当你实现目标的时候,你会感觉好一些。

4.Do something nice for someone. Doing a nice act for someone can make you feel better, studies have shown. They can be small acts like sending an email to your best friend telling her how much you appreciate her, or making dinner for your partner.

4.为他人做点儿好事。研究表明,为他人做好事为让人开心。 这些事儿可以是给你的朋友发封电子邮件,告诉她你多么感激她,或为伴侣做顿饭.

5.Remember the good. Write out a gratitude list of things that you're grateful for. Noting down a list of things that you are grateful for can renew your appreciation in things that you've been taking for granted. Writing a gratitude list will cause you to put more focus on the positive and less on the negative.

5.记住别人为你做过的好事。写一个感激清单,在上面列上你所感激的事情。记下你所感激的事情,会让你对以前认为理所当然的事重生感激之情,也会让你更加关注积极的事情,减少对负面事情的注意。

自考:各类题型考场答题技巧

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高考物理各题型的答题技巧

成人高考语文各题型答题技巧

高考英语各题型答题技巧分析

下载GRE阅读高频对比题型答题技巧(共10篇)
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