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篇1：人教版高二英语unit13 The water planet全套教案
Unit 13 The water planet
Tasks which should be achieved in this unit:
a. Achieve language skills and related knowledge about the topic of water and the ocean.
b. Learn how to make suggestions and how to express opinions.
The water is being used to /for….
We should/ could….
If we …, we can ….
It would be better to …
c. Vocabulary in this unit:
benefit, disadvantage, range, available, pure, mass, float, absorb, stable, bottom;
d. Useful expressions:
benefit from, range from … to…., all the way, be made up of, that is, freezing point, break down, mix with, be measured in…, take advantage of…, keep … steady, manage to do.
e. Grammar:
Review Modal Verbs.
情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, can’t 等的用法。
1) can /could
Jin can speak English well. (ability)
Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park? (request)
2) may /might
May we see the awards for the teams? (permission; request)
She might give you some new clothing. (possibility)
3) will /would
The Spring Festival is the most fun. The whole family will come for dinner. (promise; agreement)
Often he would dress up like a rich man. (past habit; custom)
4) shall /should
The harvest festival begins on Saturday. We shall be there with our friends. (promise; agreement)
You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes. (advice)
5) must /can’t
Wang Feng wins an award every year. He must be very strong (speculation)
You must be joking. That can’t be true. (guessing)
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the new words and the useful expressions of this part.
Words: cube, sailor, disadvantages, entertainment
Phrases: come up with, happen to
Useful expressions: The water is being used to/for…
We should/could…
If we…we can…
It would be better…
2. Learn something about water by doing experiment.
3. Do some listening.
4. Improve the students’ speaking ability by talking.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Make the students be free to talk about water.
2. Improve the students’ listening ability by listening.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to finish the task of speaking.
2. How to improve the students’ listening ability.
Teaching Methods:
1. Listening-and-answering activity to help the students go through with the listening material.
2. Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
3. an empty glass, a bottle of water and a bottle of vegetable oil
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Lead-in
T: Hello, everyone.
Ss: Hello, teacher.
T: Attention, please. As we all know, every year during the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival in our country, people like to see the lion dance and guess the riddles. Do you like to guess the riddle, then?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Now I have a riddle. Please guess it.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the riddle on the screen.)
It’s very important to all the animals and plants.
It’s also important to human beings.
It’s liquid at room temperature.
Every day you keep in touch with it.
You can’t live without it.
(a thing)
T: What’s it?
Ss: It’s very easy. It’s water.
T: Yeah, today we will talk about water. Now please tell me what you know about water.
S1: Water is used to drink.
S2: Water can be used to water the flowers.
S3: I think water can be used to make electricity.
Step Ⅱ Warming up
T: Thank you for your ideas. Next we will make some interesting experiments. Maybe you can learn more about water from the following experiments. S4, would you like to come here to help me?
S4: I’d love to.
T: Now, look at Li Lei and me. We will begin. You should watch the experiment carefully and try to tell me what happens and why.
(Teacher puts a bottle of water, a bottle of vegetable oil and an empty glass on the desk.)
T: S4, pour some water and some vegetable oil into the empty glass. Other students, please watch carefully.
( A few seconds later.)
Ss: Fantastic! The liquid in the glass has become two parts.
T: Try to describe it in detail.
S5: Let me try. The part above is vegetable oil and the part below is water. But I don’t know why.
T: Good question. Who’d like to answer his question? (Nobody answers his question.)
T: Perhaps it is a little difficult to answer it immediately. Now you can have a discussion about the reason for it, using what you have learnt in physics.
(Teacher lets students discuss in groups of four. A few minutes later, teacher checks their answers.)
T: Who wants to explain the phenomenon?
S6: I think water is heavier than oil, so vegetable oil is on the top of the water.
T: Who has different ideas?
S7: I think we should say that the density of water is higher than the density of vegetable oil, so the result formed.
S8: What’s the meaning of “density”?
S9:“Density” is “密度” in Chinese.
T: Do you agree with the reason for it?
Ss: Yes. We agree with the idea.
T: As we know, if we pour milk and water into one glass, we can’t tell where water is and where milk is. But just now we poured oil and water into one glass, it is so different now. Do you know why?
Ss: Because oil can’t dissolve in water, but milk can.
T: Very good. Let’s make a summary about the experiment. If we pour vegetable oil and water into one glass, the liquid will become two parts because oil can’t dissolve in water. Since the density of water is higher than vegetable oil, vegetable oil will be on top of the water. Is that clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: Would you like to watch another experiment?
Ss: I’d love to.
T: OK. I’ll perform the next experiment by myself. Look at me. I have a glass of water. Now I’ll cover it with a piece of thick paper. Attention, please.
(Teacher puts one hand on the paper and turns the glass upside down. Then teacher slowly takes his/her hand away from the paper.)
T: What can you see?
Ss: The piece of paper doesn’t fall and the water in the glass doesn’t flow.
T: Yes. You are right. Now you are given a few minutes to have a discussion about the reason for it.
(Teacher gives students a few minutes to discuss, and then checks their answers.)
T: Who can tell us the reason why the piece of paper doesn’t fall and the water doesn’t flow?
S10: I want to have a try. When the glass of water covered with a piece of paper is turned upside down, the pressure from air to the piece of paper is bigger than the pressure from the water in the glass to the piece of paper. So the paper won’t fall and the water won’t flow.
T: Excellent! Thank you for your explanation. I am very glad to see that you are all interested in making experiments. After class, you can carry out another two experiments on Page 17.When you perform them, try to describe what happens and why. OK?
Ss: OK.
T: Now, let’s look at a picture.
(Teacher shows a picture on the screen.)
T: What can you see?
Ss: There is a river in the picture, but it’s very dirty.
T: Anything else?
S11: There are some plastic bags and empty tins on the surface of the river.
T: Yes. We all know water is important to human beings and all the animals and plants. Unfortunately water is being polluted now. What do you think we can do to protect the water on our planet?
(Teacher gives students enough time to prepare. When they prepare, teacher goes among the students to help them to express their ideas correctly.)
Sample answer:
To protect the water on our planet, I think we should save every drop of water and stop throwing rubbish into water. Besides, we should try our best to help the people around us realize the importance of using and protecting our water.
Step Ⅲ Listening
T: Next, let’s do some listening. Turn to Page 18 and look at the Listening part. You can listen to the famous poems about life on the ocean. Listen carefully and write down some key words when you listen. Before you listen, let’s learn two phrases first. Look at the blackboard.
1. happen to
e.g. What happened to you last week?
If anything happens to the machine, please tell me.
2. come up with
e.g. I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
(Teacher writes them on the blackboard and begins to explain them.)
T: Now listen, please.
(Teacher plays the tape for the first time. Then play it for the second time. During this time, teacher may pause for students to write down the information. Play some parts of the tape one more time if necessary. Finally teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)
Step Ⅳ Speaking
T: In our daily life, water can be used in different ways. Now we’ll talk about the ways in which water can be used. Look at the pictures on Page 18.The six pictures mean six different ways to use water. You can choose one of the pictures to discuss the importance of using and protecting our water, and then try to use some sentences to describe the picture you choose. If you like, you can make a dialogue with your partner about the picture. When you discuss, you may use the questions on the screen to help you.
1. How is the water being used?
2. Is this a good way to use water?
3. Why do we use water in this way?
4. Who benefits from using water in this way?
5. What are some disadvantages of using water in this way?
(Teacher shows the questions on the screen by multimedia and gives students enough time to discuss and prepare.)
Suggested answers:
(Picture 1)We can use water to make electricity, which can give us light and make us feel warm. I think it is a good way to use water.
(Picture 3) Water has a lot of usages and home use is the commonest one. Every day we must drink enough water. In addition, we need a lot of water, just for cooking and keeping clean. Water can help us to keep healthy. But if the waste water from home use is poured into river and soil, it will be harmful for some animals and plants. So we must pay more attention to it.
(Picture 4) In Picture 4, water is being used in industry. Water is very important to industry. It can be used to make paper, cool machine and so on. But the disadvantage is that a lot of water mixed with some poisonous things being poured into the river and the sea. It is dangerous for the living things in the water.
(Picture 6)
A: Do you know how the water is being used in Picture 6?
B: Water is being used for entertainment.
A: Is it a good way to use water?
B: Yes, because it can help people keep fit and enjoy nature. But if people throw rubbish into the water, it will be bad for us.
A: Yes. It is the disadvantage of using water in this way. We must be careful.
Step Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T: Today, we’re mainly learned something about water by doing experiments, speaking and listening. Besides, we’ve learnt some new words and phrases, such as: happen to, come up with, density,…
After class, try to remember them and preview the next part-Reading part. That’s all for today. Goodbye, everyone.
Ss: Goodbye, teacher!
Step Ⅵ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 13 The water planet
The First Period
1.happen to
e.g. What happened to you last week?
If anything happens to the machine, please tell me.
2. come up with
e.g. I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words and phrases:
cube,property,range,medium,relatively,dissolve,pure,relationship,mass,float,absorb,bottom,all the way, that is, add…to, mix with, take advantage of, manage to do
2. Improve the students’ reading ability.
3. Enable the students to realize that it is important to protect the water on our planet.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ reading ability.
2. Master the following phrases:
all the way, that is, mix with, take advantage of, manage to do
Teaching Difficult Point:
How do we make the students understand the reading passage better.
Teaching Methods:
1. Discussion before reading to make the students interested in what they will learn.
2. Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
3. Discussion after reading to make students understand what they’ve learned better.
4. Careful reading to get the detailed information in the text.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision
(Greet the whole class as usual.)
T: Yesterday we learnt something about water. Now who can tell me what you learned yesterday?
S1: I learned that water is very important to all the living things on the earth.
T: OK, can you give me the reason why it is important?
S2: Water can be used to wash clothing, to made electricity, to water the farm and so on. Of course, every day we must drink enough water. So water is very important.
T: Anything else?
S3:I know something about water. For example, from the experiments we made yesterday, I know vegetable oil can’t be dissolved by water.
Step Ⅱ Pre-reading and Reading
T: OK. Thank you for your answers to my questions. As we all know, we can’t live without water. But do you know what makes water so important to all the living things?
Ss: No, we don’t know.
T: Maybe we can get the answer to the question after reading the article for today. Before you read, first let’s learn the new words and phrases in the passage.
(Teacher deals with the new words with the whole class.)
T: Now please read the passage quickly to get the general idea and try to use the following structures to make six questions.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the structures on the screen.)
1. What is/are ______?
2. What does ______ look like?
3. What are different parts of ______?
4. What can ______ be compared to?
5. How does ______ work?
6. What are some examples of ______?
(Teacher gives students five minutes to finish the fast reading and making questions. Five minutes later, teacher asks some students to write their questions on the blackboard.)
1. What are the properties of water?
2. What does the earth look like?
3. What are different parts of the ocean?
4. What can the ocean be compared to?
5.How does the special air-conditioner-the ocean work?
6. What are some examples of species in the ocean?
T: Well done. Who can tell me the general idea of the text?
S4: The passage mainly tells us it is water that makes the ocean so important to all the living things in the world.
T: Good work. Next, let’s read the passage carefully to get more information about water. While you are reading, try to finish the chart in Post-reading on Page 21 and find out the answers to the questions on the blackboard.
(Teacher gives students enough time to read the text and collects their information for the chart.)
Suggested answers:
Property What is it? What is it good for?
Chemical structure Every water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It is good for the living things in the ocean to absorb the nutrients easily.
Density The density of pure water is 1 000 kg/m3, meaning that one cubic metre of water weighs one thousand kilogram. It is good for marine organisms to take advantage of the density of water.
Heat capacity Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree centigrade. It is good for the earth to keep the temperature steady.
T: Very good. What about the questions on the blackboard?
S5: I think I can answer the first one. The answer is that the properties of water are chemical structure, salinity density, heat capacity and ocean motion.
S6: In my opinion, the answer to the fourth question is that the ocean can be compared to a great place to live in.
T: Do you agree with them?
Ss: Yes.
T: What about other questions?
S7: I think plankton, sharks and whales are examples of species in the ocean.
S8: The answer to the second one is that the earth looks like an ocean planet.
T: You are quite right. Any volunteers?
S9: Dear teacher. Can you tell us the meaning of the special air-conditioner-the ocean?
T: Maybe it means that there are some similarities between air-conditioner and the ocean.
S9: Thank you. I got it.
T: Then, who can answer the question?
S10: Because the ocean can keep the temperature of the earth steady, some students compare the ocean to a special air-conditioning. I think the ocean keeps the temperature of the earth steady by absorbing and releasing heat.
T: Well done. There is only one question left. Who wants to try?(Nobody answers the question.)
T: Do you think it is a question that the text can’t answer?
Ss: Yeah. We think so.
T: OK. Maybe you are right. But I want to know the reason why you think the passage can’t answer the third question.
Ss: Because there is not any information about the different parts of the ocean.
T: Then, are there any questions you would need to add to “cover” all the information in the text?
S11: I have a question. Why is the water in the ocean always moving?
S12: Since changes in salinity and temperature affect water’s density, the water in the ocean is always moving.
Step Ⅲ Further Understanding and Language Study
T: Well done. I think you are very familiar with the passage. In the passage there are some words and expressions we should master. Now let’s look at the screen. I will give you some explanations about the words and expressions.
1. incredibly adv. (extremely or unusually)
e.g. The water is incredibly hot.
2. available adj.(that can be used or obtained)
e.g. Tickets are available at the box office.
The book is available to all the students.
3. range vi.
range from A to B
e.g. Their ages range from 25 to 50.
His interests ranged from chess to canoeing.
4.But the way the water molecule…
e.g. I don’t like the way (in which/that) he looks at me.
They admired the way (in which/that) she dealt with the crisis.
5. that is (to say) (which means)
e.g. A week later, that is, May 1 is her birthday.
He is a local government administrator, that is, he is a Civil Servant.
6. take advantage of (make use of something well/make use of somebody unfairly)
e.g. They took full advantage of the hotel’s facilities.
She took advantage of my generosity.
7. be sensitive to something (affected easily by something)
e.g. She is very sensitive to other’s words.
(Teacher writes the words, phrases and sentences on the blackboard.)
Step Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud
T: Let’s listen to the tape. When I play it for the first time, just listen to it. When I play it for the second time, please listen and repeat. Then read the text aloud. Are you clear about that?
Ss: Yes.
(Te teacher plays the tape for the students to listen. After listening ,the teacher goes among the students and corrects any mistake the students make in pronunciation, stress and intonation.)
Step Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T: Today, we have read a passage about water. As we know, it is very important to all the living things. So we should do all we can to protect water from being polluted. In addition, try your best to retell the passage in your own words. Is that clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: See you tomorrow!
Ss: See you tomorrow!
Step Ⅵ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 13 The water planet
The Second Period
Questions:
1. What are the properties of water?
2. What does the earth look like?
3. What are different parts of the ocean?
4. What can the ocean be compared to?
5.How does the special air-conditioner-the ocean work?
6. What are some examples of species in the ocean?
Words: incredibly, available
Phrases: range from A to B, that is, take advantage of, be sensitive to
Sentences: But the way the water molecule…
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Review Modal Verbs.
2. Do some exercises to review some important words learnt in the last period.
Teaching Important Point:
Review Modal Verbs.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How do we help the students correctly use the Modal Verbs.
Teaching Methods:
1. Review method to help the students remember all the Modal Verbs they have learnt before and use them correctly.
2. Individual work or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision
(Greet the whole class as usual.)
T: Yesterday we learned a passage about water and now who can retell the passage in your own words?
S1:Let me try.
…
T: Well done. Thank you for your performance.
Step Ⅱ Word Study
T: Now please turn to Page 21.Look at the first part of Word Study. There are some words learnt in the last period, but the letters of these words are in the wrong order. Now I will give you a few minutes to put the letters in the correct order.
(A few minutes later, teacher may ask some students to spell their answers and give the Chinese meaning of each word to all the students. Finally teacher writes the correct words on the blackboard.)
1 otmas atoms
2 tanomu amount
3 sdlio solid
4 oasbrb absorb
5 cgrnetidea centigrade
6 sag gas
7 nhroygde hydrogen
8 yoxgen oxygen
9 assm mass
10 fatol float
T: Good work. Next look at the screen and try to complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks with the proper words. The first letter has been given and some words can be used more than once. If you need, you can have a discussion with your partner.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the following sentences on the screen.)
1. The water molecule is made up of two h_____ atoms and one o_____.
2.Water is a l_____ at room temperature, but it turns into a s_____ when the temperature drops below 0℃ and into a g_____ when heated above 100℃.
3. An a_____ is the smallest part of any living or nonliving thing.
4. Places by the sea often have a s_____ climate that is never too hot or too cold, because water can a_____ and release a lot of heat.
5. Soil can a______ water, so it helps keep water from flowing away.
6. Marine scientists study the r_____ between living creatures and their habitat in the ocean.
7. Salt water has a lower f______ point and is heavier than fresh water.
8. Oil has a density lower than 1000 kg/m3, so it will f______ on water.
(Teacher gives students enough time to prepare and then check their answers.)
Suggested answers:
1. hydrogen, oxygen 2.liquid,solid,gas
3. atom 4.steady,absorb
5. absorb 6.relationship
7. freezing 8.float
Step Ⅲ Grammar
T: Up to now we have learnt many modal verbs. Who can tell me what they are?
Ss:…
(Teacher asks some students to write their answers on the blackboard.)
Modal Verbs:
can/ could, may/might, will/would, be able to, must, should, have to, need, shall, ought to, had better.
T: Very good. Then do you know how to use them?
S2:I know “should” can be used to give others some advice.
S3:I know when I want to borrow a book from my friend, I can use “may”.
…
T: Your answers are very good. There is a conclusion about modal verbs on the screen. Let’s look at it.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the conclusion on the screen.)
Modal Verbs:
Possibility: can/could, may/might
Ability: can/could, be able to
Requests: can/could, will/would, would like
Necessity: must, have to, have got to, need
Certainty: must, will, should
Permission: can/could, may/might
Suggestions: could may/might, shall
Advice: should, ought to, had better
T: From the chart we can see modal verbs can be classified into eight groups by their usages. Are you clear about the classification?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Now look at the first part in Grammar. Finish the exercises. If you need, you can discuss with your partner. In addition you’d better make it clear why you choose A、B、C, or D. Are you clear about the requirements?
Ss: Yes.
(Teacher gives students enough time to finish the exercises. Then deals with them with the whole class.)
T: Are you ready?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Who’d like to tell me the answer to the first one?
S4:I think “A” is right.
T: Can you tell us the reason why you choose “A”?
S4: Because the speaker wants to express his/her request. Among A、B、C and D, only A can be used to express request.
T: Very good. What about the second one?
S5:“May” is right, I think, because the sentence is used to ask for permission.
T: Congratulations! Who can answer the third one?
S6:The phrase “wants to” express a state of being necessity. So I think “C” is right.
T: Well done. It’s turn to do the fourth one. Who can try?
S7: I’m not sure, but I want to have a try. Is “C” right?
T: Why did you choose “C”?
S8: I think the first sentence expresses some necessity and the second one expresses guess.
S9: I don’t think so. Because “must” can’t be used in negative sentences to express guess.
S8: Oh, I’m sorry. I forgot it. I see, the correct answer is “D”.
T: Excellent!
…
(Teacher encourages students to show their opinions about each one, and then teacher gives the correct answers and some necessary explanations.)
Suggested answers:
1. A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A
T: You have finished the first part successfully. Now let’s go on with the second part. Do you have confidence to finish it?
Ss: Yes. Of course we have.
T: OK. This is a letter from Mary to John. Maybe John met some problems, so Mary wants to write a letter to help him. But Mary doesn’t know how to use the modal verbs correctly. She wants you to help her finish the letter. Before you finish the letter, read it to get the general idea of it first and then answer the questions on the screen.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the questions on the screen.)
1. Can you tell from the letter what John’s problem is?
2. Do you agree on the advice that Mary gives to him? Why? What would be your advice?
(Teacher gives students a few minutes to read the letter, and then checks their answers to the questions.)
T: Who’d like to answer the first question?
S10: I want to have a try. In my opinion, John’s problem is that his manager suspected him of stealing something at the meat factory.
T: Well done. Do you agree with him?
Ss: Yes.
T: What about the second one?
S11:I’d like to answer the question. I don’t agree to the advice that Mary gives to him. Because if he finds another job, maybe it means that he really stole something at the meat factory. I think he should tell the manager that he didn’t do it and advise the manager to call in the police to make it clear.
S12: In my opinion, he’d better try to find out who is the real thief to prove that he didn’t do anything wrong.
…
T: I think your suggestions are all very helpful to John and I hope he can find a good way to deal with the problem. Now you are clear about John’s problem. It’s your turn to help Mary finish the letter. Maybe there are more than one answer for some blanks. If you have some difficulties, you can discuss with your partner. Five minutes later, I will check your answers.
Suggested answers:
can/will/should, may
not/might not,must,could/should,might/would,will,might/may/could/would,might,would/could/might,should,will
Step Ⅳ Summary and Homework
T: Today, we’ve reviewed some new words learnt in this unit. In particular, we have reviewed the usages of modal verbs. After class, do more exercises to master them better. Time is up. That’s all for today. See you tomorrow.
Ss: See you tomorrow.
Step Ⅴ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 13 The water planet
The Third Period
Words:
atom, amount, solid, absorb, centigrade gas, hydrogen, oxygen, mass, float
Modal Verbs: can/could, may/might, will/would, need, must, have to, shall, should, ought to, had better
The Fourth Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Review the useful expressions learnt in this unit by practising.
2. Improve the students’ reading ability by reading the material.
3. Improve the students’ writing ability.
4. Enable the students to realize that it is important to protect the estuary.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ reading ability by reading the material.
2. Improve the students’ writing ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to improve the students’ integrating skills-reading and writing.
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast reading to go through the reading material.
2. Inductive method to help students write a paragraph successfully.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision
T: Yesterday we did some practice about modal verbs. Now let’s do some more exercises to see if you have mastered them. Please look at the screen.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the exercises on the screen.)
Fill in the blanks using must/might/may/can/could and their negative forms.
1.-I saw Mary in the street yesterday.
-You ______ have seen her. She is still in Australia.
2.-Could I use your bike?
-Yes, of course you ______.
3. The ground is wet. It ______ have rained last night.
4. A machine ______ think for itself. It ______ be told what to do.
5. Tom, don’t play with the valuable bottle. You ______ break it.
Suggested answers:
1. can’t 2.can 3.must 4.can’t,must 5.may/might
Step Ⅲ Fast Reading
T: Good work. But if we want to use the modal verbs correctly, we must practise them as often as possible. Today we will read another passage. The ocean is very important to all the living things, which is known to us, and I think we have also known about the reason why the ocean becomes so important-because of the properties of water, the ocean is very important. The passage we will read is also about water. It deals with “the body of water”.Are you interested in the topic?
S1:Yes.But what is the meaning of “the body of water”?I think water has no body.
T: Good question. I think you can get the answer to the question by yourself. Now let’s read the passage. While you are reading, try to make clear what is the main idea of each paragraph. Besides, try fast reading, it is helpful to improve your reading ability.
(Teacher gives students a few minutes to read the passage.)
T: Have you finished your reading?
Ss: Yes.
T: Wang Lin, are you clear about “the body of water”?
S2:Yes.I think “the body of water” means the main part of water.
T: You are great! Now who’d like to tell me the main idea of the first paragraph?
S3: An estuary is the body of water where a river meets the ocean.
T: Right, thank you for your answer. What about the second one?
S4: Let me try. The general idea is that estuaries are great places for nature’s young.
T: Wang Ping, tell me the main idea of the third paragraph, please!
S5: I’m not sure. I think the third paragraph tells us estuaries are important to animals and plants, so we should try our best to protect them from environmental pollution. Am I right?
T: Yes. Congratulations! There is only the last paragraph left. Who can try?
S6: I think the main idea of the last paragraph is that estuaries are also important to human beings because they not only provide recreation and education for us but also contribute to the economy.
Step Ⅳ Discussion and Explanation
T: The general idea of the passage is very clear to us now. Now let’s re-read the passage carefully. While you are reading, try to find out the answers to the questions on Page 23.If you need, you can have a discussion about them. Then I’ll check your answers.
(Teacher gives students enough time to read the passage. At the same time, teacher goes among them and helps them express their own opinions in English correctly.)
Suggested answers:
1. Tides provide energy for the ecosystem, and estuaries are protected from waves and storms by islands. In addition nutrients arrive in estuaries from both the land and the ocean. So estuaries are great places for nature’s young ones.
2. Density means the quality of being dense. In other words, there are more living creatures than any other habitat on earth.
3. Estuaries can make our water clean by absorbing nutrients and pollutants from water coming from inland sources.
4. The function that estuaries can absorb pollutants and nutrients makes estuaries very sensitive to environmental pollution.
5. Estuaries can provide recreation and education for human beings. Besides, estuaries also contribute to the economy. So they are very important to human beings.
T: Well done. Now you are very familiar with the passage.
To understand the passage better, I will explain some important phrases .Please, look at the blackboard.
(Teacher writes the following phrases on the blackboard.)
1.provide…for
e.g. The company will provide food and drink for them.
2. have an opportunity to do something
e.g I had no opportunity to discuss the problem with her yesterday.
3. a variety of
e.g. He left for a variety of reasons.
There are a variety of patterns for you to choose from.
4. contribute to
e.g. His work has contributed to our understanding of this difficult subject.
Step Ⅴ Writing
T: Up to now, we have learnt a lot about water and known the properties of water and importance of estuaries. Now you are given an opportunity to check if you know a lot about water. Look at the questions on the screen.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the questions on the screen.)
1. Why does an ice cube float?
2. What will happen to a piece of metal if you put it in water?
3. Why do so many species live in estuaries?
4. Why have so many cities been built by estuaries?
T: Now imagine that your science teacher asks you to choose one of the questions and write a paragraph to explain it. Use what you learn from this unit and what you know about nature and science to write the paragraph. You must be careful to explain it to make your explanations easy to understand. You’d better look at the tips on Page 24 before you write. It’s of great help to your writing.
Possible samples:
(Question 3)
Salt water from the ocean and fresh water from the river mix together in an estuary. The mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment filled with life of all kinds. Here, animals can enjoy all the benefits of the oceans without having to face many of its dangers and nutrients arrive in estuaries from both the land and the ocean. So there are so many species living in estuaries.
(Question 4)
Estuaries are great places for nature’s young. If many cities are built by estuaries, we can enjoy fishing, swimming and having fun on the beach and scientists and students have endless opportunities to study a variety of life in the habitat. What’s more, estuaries also contribute to the economy through tourism and fishing. So many cities have been built by estuaries.
Step Ⅵ Test
T: In this unit, we’ve learnt some important phrases. Now I’ll give you a test to check whether you’ve mastered them or not. Look at the screen, please.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the test on the screen and gives students a few minutes to finish them. Then checks their answers.)
1.The children’s age ______(在5岁至15岁之间).
2.______(她处理这个问题的方法) is very good.
3.A week later,______（也就是),Oct 1 is National Day.
4.He ______(充分利用了) multimedia in the class.
5.The little girl ______(对温度很敏感).
6.His actions ______(使他受到尊敬).
7.He ______(设法完成了工作) with very little help.
Suggested answers:
1. range from 5 to 15
2. The way she deals with the problem
3. that is
4. took advantage of
5. is very sensitive to temperature
6. made him respected
7. managed to get the work done
Step Ⅶ Summary and Homework
T: Today, we’ve done some reading and writing. We’ve also reviewed some useful expressions in this unit. After class, go over all the important points we have learnt in this unit. That’s all for today. Class is over.
Step Ⅷ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 13 The water planet
The Fourth Period
Phrases: provide…for, have an opportunity to do, a variety of, contribute to
The Fifth Period
Modal Verbs
Teaching Aims:
1. Review the important usages of modal verbs.
2. Sum up the different situations of modal verbs.
Teaching Important Point:
How do we use modal verbs correctly.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How do we choose modal verbs correctly.
Teaching Methods:
1. Review method to master the important usages of modal verbs.
2. Inductive method and comparative method to master the important and difficult points.
Teaching Aids:
1 .the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision
T: In this unit, we have done some practice about modal verbs. As we know, modal verbs have several points in common which make them quite different from other verbs. Now, please discuss the points in common among modal verbs in groups of four. After a while I will check your answers.
(Teacher gives students enough time to discuss, and then collects their answers and sums them up.)
Modal Verbs:
1. Modal verbs are used when we say that we expect things to happen or that things are possible, or necessary, or impossible, or improbable, or when we describe things that didn’t happen, or that we are not sure whether they happened.
2. Modal verbs have no -s on the third person singular. Questions and negatives are made without “do”.
3. Modal verbs have no infinitives.
4. Modal verbs have no past forms.“Could” and “would” are used with past meanings in some cases.
5. Modal verbs can be used with perfect infinitive to talk about things which didn’t happen, or which we’re not sure about.
Step Ⅲ Revision of the Important Usages of Modal Verbs
T: Good work. As we all know, modal verbs can be classified into eight groups according to their usages. Today we will review some important usages of modal verbs. Firstly, let’s review the modal verbs that can be used to express “possibility”.Please tell me which modal verbs can be used to express “possibility”.
Ss: Can/could/may/might all express “possibility”.
T: When they express “possibility”,they are not quite the same.“Can” is used to talk about theoretical possibility. If we want to talk about the actual chances of something happening, or being true, we use “could/may/might”.Besides,“can” is sometimes used to talk about present “possibility”,but only in questions and negative sentences. Is that clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: Now, let’s do some exercises to master them better. Look at the screen and try to finish the sentences as soon as possible.
(Teacher uses multimedia to show the sentences on the screen.)
Fill in the blanks using can/could/may/might.
1. Would you like to answer the phone? It ______ be your sister.
2. The part of the country ______ be very warm in September.
3.______ it be Lily?
4. It ______(not) be true.
5. You ______ be right.
Suggested answers:
1. could/may/might 2.can 3.Can 4.can’t 5.may/might/could
T: Besides “possibility”,can/could/may/might are also used to express “permission”.Yes?
Ss: Yes. But we are not sure about how to use them.
T: It doesn’t matter. I will give you some explanation.“Can” is the commonest one of the four, and “could” is rather more hesitant than “can”.“May” and “might” are used in a more formal style. They often suggest respect.“Might” is more hesitant and is not very common. Besides, when we give permission, we usually use “can” and “may”,but not “could” and “might”.When we report permission,“may” is not usually used. Are you clear about it?
Ss: Yes.
T: Then try to finish the following exercises, please.
(Teacher shows the exercises on the screen.)
1.-______I use your phone?
-Yes, of course. You ______.
2.______ you come into the meeting room without showing a passport?
3. Mary said that I ______ borrow her car.
Suggested answers:
1. Can/Could/May/Might; can/may
2. Can
3.might/could（“Might” and “could” can be used after a past verb.)
T: Next, which modal verbs do you think are necessary to review?
Ss: The modal verbs expressing “necessity”.They are very important.
T: Yes, I agree with you. We can use “must/have to/have got to/need” to express “necessity”.But about how to use them, I want you to review them by understanding the following sentences by yourselves. Look at the sentences on the screen.
(Teacher shows the sentences on the screen, and then asks some questions.)
1.I really must study hard.
2.You must be here by 3 o’clock.
3.You have (got) to go and see the manager.
4.You needn’t work on Sundays.
T: From the sentences, who can tell me the difference between “must” and “have to”?
S1:I want to have a try. When “must” is used, the necessity comes from the speaker. If the necessity comes from “outside”,“have (got) to” is more common.
T: Congratulations! Do you know how to use “need”?
S2:I think in negative sentences,“don’t need to”,“needn’t” or “don’t have to” is used to say that there is “no necessity”.
T: Please give me an example. OK?
S2:I know the reason why you were late. You needn’t try to explain.
T: Thank you. In addition, I want to tell you “have got to” is used instead of “have to” in informal English. Is that clear?
Ss: Yeah.
T: Now look at the blackboard.(Write the following on the blackboard.)
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
2. You can’t have seen him yesterday, for he is still in Australia.
3. You could have told me he was coming.
4. She is very late. She may have missed the bus.
T: These sentences have something in common. Who can tell me what it is?
Ss: The modal verbs in these sentences are used together with perfect infinitives.
T: Very good. Then let’s review the modal verbs used together with perfect infinitives.
S3: When should we use modal verbs together with perfect infinitives?
T: When we talk about the past, we can use the structure, but it has a special meaning. It is used for speculating (thinking about what possibly happened) or guessing (thinking about how things could have been different).Have you got it?
Ss: Yes. Thank you.
T: Now let’s do some exercises to consolidate the usage of the structure.
1. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I ______for her.
A. had to write it out
B. must be have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
2. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
3.-I want to know why she is late.
-She ______ the early bus.
A. could miss
B. can have missed
C. may have missed
D. might miss
4.-I stayed at a hotel in New York.
-Oh, did you? You ______ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
5. The light is still on. He ______ to turn it off when he ______ the room.
A. may forget; leave
B. must have forgotten; left
C. may forget; have left
D. could have forget; left
(Teacher shows the exercises on the screen and gives students enough time to finish them, and then checks their answers and gives them some necessary explanation.)
Suggested answers:
1. C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B
T: Now, it’s turn to review modal verbs expressing “advice”.Who’d like to tell me which modal verbs we can use to express “advice”?
S4:I think we usually use “should/ought to/had better” to give “advice”.
T: Yes. In most cases, both “should” and “ought to” can be used with more or less the same meaning. However, there is a very slight difference. When we use “should”,we give our own subjective opinion.“Ought to” had a rather more objective force, and is used when we are talking about laws, duties and regulations. Are you clear about that?
Ss: Yes.
T: Who wants to give us an example using “should” and “ought to” expressing “advice”?
S5: People ought to vote even though they don’t agree with any of the candidates.
T: Well done. What about “should”?
S6: Let me try. You should see “Hero”-it’s a great film.
T: Thank you for your good performance. Do you know how to use “had better”?
Ss: Yes. When we use “had better”,we don’t usually mean that the action recommended would be better than another one. We simply mean that he/she ought to do it.
T :Please make up a sentence using “had better”.
S7: You’d better hurry up, if you want to get to the factory on time.
T: Good example!
Step Ⅳ Summary and Homework
T: Up to now, we have reviewed modal verbs which express possibility, necessity, permission, advice and modal verbs used together with perfect infinitives. They are all very important. After class, try to do more exercises to master them better. That’s all for today. See you tomorrow.
Ss: See you tomorrow.
Step Ⅴ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 13 The water planet
The Fifth Period
Modal Verbs
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
2. You can’t have seen her yesterday, for she is still in Australia.
3. You could have told me he was coming.
4. She is very late. She may have missed the bus.
篇2：人教版高二unit13学案
23 available adj.
1 These tickets are available for one month.
2 He is not available for the job.
3 They have tried all available means to the open.
24 mass
a/ A litre of gas has less mass than a litre of water.
b/ A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.
c/ I have masses of work to do.
d/ v. Dark clouds massed and we expected rain.
25 float
a/ vi. Wood floats on water. A balloon is floating in the sky.
b/ vt. There was enough water to float the ship.
c/ on the float float off
26 absorb
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.
be absorbed by… be absorbed in… absorb sb’s attention
27 stable
A stable government is essential to economic growth.
28 sensitive
The child is sensitive to eggs.
29 mix with
mix vi. Oil does not mix with water.
mix…into… Don’t mix cotton with wool.
30 break down
a/ Rocks break down into dirt after many years.
b/ Unfortunately, our car broke down half way.
c/ Hearing the sad news, many people broke down and wept.
d/ His health broke down as a result of endless hard work.
31 freezing/ frozen
When the temperature is below freezing, water will freeze.
The water pipes froze.
True or false:
1 Water is a liquid at room temperature, and it has a relatively high freezing point.
2 The reason why water can dissolve most substances on earth is that water has high heat capacity.
3 Pure water has a higher freezing point and lighter than salt water.
4 The salinity of the earth’s ocean is about 3.5%.
5 When water freezes, its density increases.
6 Other resources such as oil, gas, gold etc is as precious as a drop of rain.
Choice:
1 What is the meaning of the sentence:“ …and we have yet to learn much about them”?
A We have already known a lot about them. B We have known a little about them
2 The salinity of the Dead sea is sure the salinity in the ordinary ocean.
A much high than B much higher than C less high than D less higher than
3 It is that makes the seaside city remain somewhat cool in summer.
A the heat capacity B the water structure C the ocean motion D the density
4 The water moving about 200 meters down is the depth where can’t reach.
A the fishes B the marine life C the sun D the earth
5 The water in the ocean also keeps the temperature of the earth somewhat by ……
A un changeable B changeable C fast D motionless
篇3：人教版高二（上）Unit 1-10 全套教案
高二（上）教案
Unit 1
A brief of Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking ; born , 1942 Oxford,England.
High School: St Albans School
College: Oxford University
Cambridge University: Do research
Incurable Disease; motorneuron (肌萎缩性侧索硬化症) wheelchair; a computer system made great contributions in physics
Scanning
Why did Stephen Hawking need a PhD?
When did Hawking become famous ?
When did Hawking visit Beijing ?
True or false statements:
1.Hawking was told that he had an incurable disease when he was just 21 years old. T
2.Finally Hawking had to give up PhD and his research
3.He and Roger Penrose made new discoveries about the Big Bang and black holes. T
4.“A Brief History of Time” is too difficult for people to understand.
5.Science is about true facts that never change.
6.When Hawking gives lectures, he always speaks through a computer.
Choice
1. Which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? ______ d
A. Hawking is famous for his new discoveries.
B. People should come to terms with their fate.
C. A scientific theory is always wrong.
D. Anyone with great determination will achieve his success.
2. Hawking became famous in the early 1970s because _____. D
A. he was disabled B. he was a PhD
C. he was sitting in a famous chair D. he made new discoveries about universe
3. According to the passage, what does “an American accent” mean? ______ C
A. Hawking’s accent. B. Hawking’s voice.
C. Sounds translated by computer. D. Accent of some British people.
4. From the passage, we can infer that _____. D
A. Hawking got married to Jane Wilde before he fell ill B. science is always true
C. Hawking is an American D. great scientists always want to know more
Questions
1. What did Steven Hawking do when he was told that he had an incurable disease?
2. How would most people feel when they were told that they had incurable diseases and may not live long?
3. What did Hawking do when visiting China?
4. What did Hawking write in 1988? And what did he explain in the book?
5. According to Professor Hawking, how do people misunderstand science?
6. What is that Hawking does not like about his speech computer?
7. What are the basic steps of the scientific method?
Discussion
How can we grow rice where there is little water?(using the scientific method )
Integrating skills
What’s the characteristic of Galileo Galilei?
Curious creative
Why could Stephen Hawking make contributions to science work? Want to know more
What can be described as the ability to use knowledge? Creativity
Read for the information to complete the table:
Scientists How they make a difference Characteristics
Stephen Hawking Always want to know more;
Never satisfied with a simple answer… Curious
Galileo Galilei Used a microscope and telescope… Curious Believe in what you do
the earth moves around the sun
Zhang Heng Built a model…show how the
position of the stars changed…. Creative..imagination,believe in what you do
Invented seismograph
Unit 2
Step1 Lead in
Do you know what they are?
And do you know how they are made?
Step 2 Pre-reading
The text below is about reporters and newspapers. Look at the title and the pictures. Try to guess which of the following questions the text will answer.
_____ How does a reporter decide what to write?
_____ How much does a newspaper cost?
_____ Why do people read newspapers?
_____ How do newspapers report what happens?
_____ Where do people read newspapers?
_____ How do newspapers help us understand the world?
Topic sentence :Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens
How do you decide what you are going to write?
Zhu lin: Before …, discuss … editor…listens, suggests… ( long ＆ important ) …tell…develop Editor’s job----keep …balanced ＆ interesting
Chen ying: …done…before starting; begin by contacting…questions interviewing, how ---ask, get…to talk…After…present….,make sure----reflects…
Which of the articles that you have written do you like best?
Chen Ying: About the efforts Contact museums ＆ interview experts Because …news ＆ story
Zhu Lin : …about an ordinary young woman who…adapt to…life because …with real passion; realize…unique
Topic sentence: The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.
Step 3 Careful reading
Now please read the text carefully and try to find out the answers to the following questions.
1.Who were asked to be interviewed?
2.Whom does a reporter have to discuss with before he/she decides what to write? And what is the person’s job?
3.Is interviewing someone difficult? What must a reporter know?
4.Which of the articles that they have written do they like best? Why?
5.What could they write about if they could write any article? Why?
6.What is the basic task for a reporter?
7.What result can TV programmes and printed articles bring to us?
Post reading
1.Which of the Pre-reading questions are answered in the text?
2. If you were a reporter, what would you like to write about?
3. It is important to be a critical reader. How would you “read” the following media messages?
True or false
1.Newspaper and other media just record what happens.
2.The reporter has to discuss with the editor before he/she decides what to write. T
3.Much has been done before the reporter starts writing. T
4.Chen Ying’s favourite story is about an ordinary young woman.
5.The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. T
Discussion:
Do you believe these media ?
Unit 3
Scanning
1.When was Modernism invented?
2.Who invented Modernism?
A group of architects who wanted to change society with building that went against people’s feeling of beauty
3.Why did they invent Modernism?
Modernism … in the 1920s by …who …
that went against people’s feeling of beauty. They wanted their buildings…to look natural.
Skimming
Sum up the main idea of the text:
Paragraph 1 Architecture looks at the man-made living environment.
Paragraph 2 Modernism
Paragraph 3 Modern architecture
Paragraph 4 Though modern buildings impress us, they seem hard and unfriendly.
Paragraph 5 Ancient architecture shows us many beautiful buildings.
Paragraph 6 Antonio Gaudi was an architect inspired by nature.
Paragraph 7 There are other modern architecture inspired from nature
Paragraph 8 The new Olympic Stadium.
Part 1(1 para.) Architecture looks at the man-made living environment.
Part 2(2-4 para.) Modernism and modern buildings
Part 3(5 para.) Ancient architecture
Part 4(6-8 para.) Some modern architecture takes examples from nature.
Part 1: Every great culture in the past had its own ideas expressed in art and architecture.
Part 2 How and when modernism came into being?
Part 3: The difference between traditional and modern…, and why ancient architecture…
Part 4: Examples of famous architects and great buildings that take examples from nature.
Answer the following questions
1.Who is Antonio Gaudi?
He is a modern architect. His Building are full of fantastic Colors and shapes and he likes to use some natural materials.
2.Who is Lloyd Wright ?
He is a modern architect, and build an art museum in New York. He was inspired by Japanese seashells.
3. What the materials of modern architecture and the ancient architecture?
Careful reading
1. Every great culture has the same styles for buildings, streets, squares and parks
2. Modernism wants the buildings constructed in a way to look natural.
3. Earth, stone, brick and wood are used in modern architecture.
4. Compared with ancient architecture, modern architecture stands much closer to nature.
5. Both the works of Antonio Gaudi and Frank Lloyd Wright take examples from nature. T
6. The Olympic Stadium in Beijing looks warm and friendly . T
Compare ancient architecture with modern architecture
Shape material feeling example
ancient architecture Nature does not earth,stone, beautiful Taihe Dian
have any straight lines. brick,wood natural the Temple of heaven
Cathedral
modern.. Huge,like boxes with flat steel, glass,
roofs,sharp corners and concrete, hard and Most of modern buildings
glass walls unfriendly look the same
Post reading
Answer the questions on Page20: What do the words in bold refer to?
You do not feel invited to enter them modern buildings
Antonio Gaudi, a Spanish architect, was the first to understand that.
Nature doesn’t have any straight lines.
He only wanted natural materials, such as stone, brick and wood to be used and many parts of his building. Antonio Gaudi’s
Scan the text and find two architects whose work was inspired by nature. What inspired them.
Antonio Gaudi: eyes, bones, fish and a dragon
Frank Lloyd Wright: Japanese seashells
Answer the following question
1.Which two architects were inspired by nature when they designed?
Antonio Gaudi and Frank Lloyd
2. Into which two groups can we divide those materials mentioned in the text?
Traditional materials and modern materials.
Discussion
What’s your feeling about the design of the 2008 Olympic Stadium in Beijing?
Share your design for the 2008 Olympics!!
Unit 4
Scanning
Scan the text and answer the questions.
1.Whose poetry reminds us of Su Dongpo?
John Donne reminds readers of Su Dongpo.
2.Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of Du Fu or Li Bai?
Wordsworth, Byron, and Keats remind readers of Du Fu and Li Bai.
3.Can you name some famous Chinese poets?
Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, Bai Juyi etc.
4.Write down 5 key words that you would expect to find in a text about poetry.
Poem, poet, rhyme, style, image (literature, language, form, line)
Fast-reading
Questions
1. What are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?
2. Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of Du Fu or Li Bai? Whose of Su Dongpo?
William Wordsworth
George Gordon Byron John Donne
John Keats
Careful-Reading
Para. 1 The characters of poetry.
Para. 2 Chinese ancient poets and poetry.
Para. 3 Early English poets.
Para. 4 English poets of the 19th century.
Para. 5 Why modern poets have special attraction?
Para. 6 The introduction of English poetry to China.
Para. 7 Why more people are interested in English poetry.
Divide the text into 4 parts
Part 1 Para 1 Brief introduction to poetry
Part 2 Para 2 Chinese poetry and poets
Part 3 Para3,4.5 History of English poetry
Part 4 Para 6,7 Poems can be bridges between the east and the west
Choose the best answer
1.Modern English came into being from about the middle of the ____ century. A
A.16th B. 17th C. 18th D. 19th
2. The poetry of Marvell reminds Chinese readers of the poems by ____. C
A.Du Fu B. Li Bai C. Su Dongpo D. Gou Moruo
3. Byron’s “Isles of Greece” is an example of _____. B
A. a sonnet B. romantic poetry C. nature poetry D. modern poetry
4. The wider public in Cina discovered English poetry at the beginning of the _____ century. D
A.17th B. 18th C. 19th. D. 20th
5. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation is ____. D
A.that you have more advice B. that something of the spirit is lost
C. that you understand it better D. that you learn how to express yourself in new ways
True or False
1.The wider public in China discovered English poetry at the beginning of the 19th century. F
2. Modern English came into being from about the end of the 17th century.
3. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation is that you understand it better.
Further-understanding
1. When did modern English start ?
Modern English started around the Time of William Shakespeare,towards the end of the sixteenth century .
2. Why do modern poets have their special attraction?
Because they stand closest to us both in the language and images they use .
3. When did Chinese readers start reading more foreign poetry?
Towards the end of the nineteenth century Chinese readers started reading more foreign poetry .
4. What are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?
① Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar
② Poetry is difficult to write,but interesting to read
③ Poetry calls up all the colors, feelings,experiences and curious images of a dream world.
there are some words in bold; can you tell what do they refer to?
Para. 1 That makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read.
------Poetry plays with sounds,words and grammar.
Para. 3 Despite its short history,there is a lot of good poetry around.
------English poetry’s
Para. 4 The style and atmosphere in their poems has often…
------William Wordsworth,Byron,John Keats
Para. 5 Finally, modern poets have their special …in the language and images they use.
------modern poets
Para. 7 They can help us to understand each other better,…------poems and literature
Discussion
Are poems good for our life? What can we get from poems?
1. Poems bring passion (激情) to our life.
2. Poems help us to understand life, virtues, beauty and romance…
3. Poems make us know, we are here,we can make our life and the world more colorful!
Unit 5
Lead-in
1.What places are they?
River Thames Oxford university British Museum Thames and Big Ben London Bridge
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
1.How countries is the Great Britain made up of?
Three,England,Scotland and Wales.
2.Is there much rain in the Britain Isles?
Yes,there is much rain
3.When did England and Wales make up the Union? 1536.
4.What is the warmest months in the British Isles? July and August
Skimming:
Skim the text and find out the top sentences for each paragraph.
Para. 1: The idea that England stands for Fish&Chips, the Speakers’ corner and the Tower of London is past. (Idea)
Para 2: The British Isles is a group of islands that lies off the west coast of Europe. (Geography)
Para 3: The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain. (Climate)
Para 4: The culture of the people in the British Isles has received many influences from the European mainland. (Culture)
Para 5: In 1066, all of Great Britain and Ireland was run over by the French. (French influence)
Para 6: The United Kingdom has a long history. (History)
Para 7: In modern times, people throughout the British Isles speak English. (Language)
Read the passage carefully and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
( )1.Many people around the world study English, and they know a lot about British culture.
( ) 2.Great Britain is made up of four countries.
( T ) 3.The island of Britain is separated from France by the English Channel.
( ) 4.Scotland is colder throughout the year, but receives less rain.
( T ) 5.People from different parts of northern Europe settled in England, so the culture of the people of the British Isles was influenced by them.
( T ) 6.The southern part of Ireland is now an independent republic.
( ) 7. In modern time, people throughout the British Isles only speak English.
Scanning:
Read for details and fill in the form:
Headings Details
Idea Fact unknown: Made up of three kingdoms
Cultural diversity: Different country, common language
Geography Position of Britain: Off the west coast
England: In the east
Scotland: In the north
Wales: In the west
Position of Ireland: West of Britain
Position of the Isle of Man: In the Irish Sea/ between Britain and Ireland
Position of the Channel Islands Southeast of Britain
Climate The British Isles: mild
The Channel Isles: Warmer and sunnier
Scotland: cold
England and Wales: Rains a lot
Culture Influenced by the European mainland
French Influence The reason why many English words end up with French words: ruled by French in 1066
History 1536: England and Wales formed the Union
1707: Scotland joined the union
Ireland used to be: Part of the UK
And now is: An independent republic
Northern Ireland: Part of UK
The Isle of Man and Channel Islands: Ruled by the King of England
Language English, Welsh, Scottish, Gaelic and Irish
Scan the text and answer the following questions
1.What are the most important facts about the United Kingdom?
The United Kingdom is made up of four parts. They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
2.Which countries make up the British Isles?
Great Britain, Ireland, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
3.What are the most important facts about Ireland?
Ireland is a large island in Europe. Northern Ireland is part of the UK. while the rest makes up the Republic of Ireland.
Questions
1. What is the UK?
The UK is really a nation of different countries held together by a common language and culture.
2.What’s the weather in the British Isles like?
The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain. Scotland is colder throughout the year. It also has plenty of rain.
3. From where did the culture of the people in the British Isles receive many influence?
The European mainland
4. Who ran over the Great Britain in1066? What’s the result of French influence?
The French. The result was that there were many French words in the English language.
5. Which are the first two countries that joined in the UK?
England and Wales.
6. What do people throughout the British Isles speak now? English
Unit 6
What are mentioned in the article?
Travel online shopping Smart credit cards education health medical science sports
Pre-reading
Scan the text to find out in which paragraph you can find answers to the questions.
1.How will people shop in the future? Para 3
2.How will people travel in the future? Para 2
3.What will schools be like in the future? Para 5
4.What will the future be like in generals? Para 1、6
Transportation
1.Compared with the past, what is the most important thing in future transportation?
No pollution is the most important thing.
2.Why will the maglev train be popular in the future?
Maglev train Environmentally friendly
energy –saving
Amazing speed---430 km/h
Controlled by an advanced computer system.
Health and medicine
What makes it possible for people to enjoy a longer life?
People will pay attention to ….
People are careful about….
Advances in medical science allow us….
New discoveries in …and … may lead to….
Education and knowledge
1.How will the schools of the future be different from what they are today?
There may be more “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.
2.How will the way we view learning and knowledge change?
We will become lifelong learners
Conlusion
What should we do to make sure we will have a bright future?
If we learn to accept and appreciate what is new and different. We will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.
Main idea of each paragraph
Para.1 . Computers are already being used in agriculture and industry.
Para. 2. People will also use computers more and more in their personal lives.
Para. 3. It’s possible that people will work at home.
Para.4.Computers will be used more and more in transport.
Para. 5.Space travel will become much cheaper
Para. 6.In the fields of education, health and research,computers will continue to play an important part.
Main idea of two parts
Part 1: The prediction of the life in the future.
Part2: Future transportation/ education/business/ health and medicine
True or false
1. Public transportation is already well developed in most areas of China.
2. Scientists are developing new fuels and engines that are environmentally friendly. T
3. People can combine shopping with fun in the future. T
4. E-commerce will not be so popular as it is not very safe.
5.We will still prefer using cash instead of cards in the future.
6. In the future distance education will play an important part. T
1.What is one way to catch a glimpse of the future ?
One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
2.What’s the advantage of on-line shopping?
For companies, the internet makes it easier to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.
For people , shopping is no longer a necessity but a form of entertainment combining shopping with fun .
3.What kinds of schools will be there in the future?Why are they useful？
They are “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.
Because people can study whenever they have time and wherever they may be and , what’s more, they will become lifelong learners.
Post-reading
Advantages disadvantages
future transportation clean, fast, safe, without pollution high cost, expensive
online shopping convenient saving time no insurance of quality
future life longer and healthier
e-schools Interesting, convenient, saving time no face-to-face coach
Summary
Fields What will be used? Results
Transportation New technology ;new fuels and engines Cleaner, faster and safer.
Business E-commerce;mall; smart cards. Convenient, fun.
Health and medicine Healthy diet ; exercising regularly; Enjoy a longer and healthier life;
advances in medical science. remain active
Education and E-schools; distance education Can study at home; lifelong learners.
Knowledge
Note-making
AREA USE
Farms control the growing conditions of plants
Banks change money ;pay bills
Houses central computer to control heating and hot water recognize some’s voice
Transport work out the best distance between trains operate trains
Education Store texts
Unit 7
Step1 : Leading-in
They are all living with HIV
Step 2: Skimming
1.In what ways does AIDS spread?
AIDS, which is caused by HIV, can be transmitted via unprotected sex, infected blood transfusion or through birth.
2.How many children were infected in the world in ?
As a result, 3.2 million children were infected in 2002.
Step 3 Intensive Reading
Find out the main points of each part
Para.1 Xiaohua is a person living with AIDS
Para2 what is AIDS.
Para.3 How do people get AIDS
Para.4 Many children become infected with AIDS.
Para.5 Since there is little hope for Xiaohua, she decides to use the limited time to do something to help others.
Para.6 &7 xiaohua helps AIDS patients and tries to change people’s attitude to them.
Part1 Para.1
Part 2 Para.2
Part 3 para.3
Part 4 Para.4
Part 5 Para.5,6,7 How does a person live with Aids and how do others deal with a person living with AIDS?
Main idea:
This passage mainly tells us what we should do toward AIDS and Aids patients
Step 4 Scanning
Please read the text carefully again and add more questions to your list.
1.What kind of disease is AIDS?
AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illness.
2.Where is the disease spreading faster?And why?
In Africa and parts of Asia,Mainly because of a lack of proper health care,prevention and education
3.Which kind of people suffers the most? The young.
4.What did Xiao Hua decide to do after she know she got AIDS?
She decided to use the limited time she has left to do something to help others.
5.Is the disease the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from?
No,they also have to deal with people’s fear of the disease
6.What is the best way to show you care about AIDS patients?
Giving an AIDS patients a hug.
Step 5: Listening and reading
1.People will die immediately after they get AIDS.
2. Xiao Hua has hardly any hope to survive. T
3. In 2002, 3.2 million children in the world were infected with HIV. T
4. We should avoid any contact with AIDS patients.
5. Xiaohua’s life won’t be as long as her classmates’ so she is unhappy.
6. Giving an AIDS patient a hug is the best way to show that you care him / her. T
Step 6 Post-reading
1.Find out the difference between AIDS and HIV.
HIV is the virus that caused AIDS. AIDS is a kind of incurable disease. People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV virus.
2. How should we act towards people who have HIV / AIDS? What can we do to help them?
We should be helpful ,friendly and understanding .We can help them by learning more about the disease and by treating them as normal people.
Uni 8
Step 1 Lead-in
1.What should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding? Why?
2.What would you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake? Why?
Step 2 Skim the text and complete the table
Letter Represent Meaning
D Danger The accident scene is no longer dangerous
R Response To know that he/she is conscious and can breathe.
A Airway To make sure a person’s airway is open and it is easy to breathe.
B Breathing To start the person who is not breathing at once, using mouth-to-mouth method.
C Circulating Make sure the person’s blood is circulating by looking for color, coughing and eye movement.
Step 3 Fast- reading
What’s the topic of the paragraphs ?
Para. 1. First aid is very important
Para. 2 The most important is to stay calm.
Para. 3-4 When we have to think fast,we must remember DR ABC to give first aid
Para. 5-6 When we have checked the DR ABC we should give the first aid that is needed and call an ambulance.
Step 4 Scanning
1). Is it vital to learn some knowledge about first aid? Why?
Yes, because seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference and death.
2). What is the most important thing to bear in mind when you are confronted with an emergency? And for what reason?
We must stay calm, for only in this way will we be able to consider what to do and make better decisions.
3). What is a correct way of placing a body so that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe?
(Answers on Page 60.)
a…
b…
c…
Step 5 Listen to the tape and answer the question.
Para. 1 First aid is very important
Why is first aid important in our daily life ?
Para. 2 What is the most important thing to remember when dealing with an emergency ?
Para. 3-4 What do the hospitals recommend ?
What do the letters DR ABC stand for ?
What are three important things?
1.Check that the person can breathe.
2.If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing at once.
3.If the person is bleeding badly, you must try to stop the bleeding.
Para. 5 What should we do when we have checked the DR ABC ?
Para. 6 Can we do first aid correctly after reading this passage?
Step 6 Comprehension
1. By saying “ Seconds count in an emergency, ” the writer means ________.
A time is very important B you can count numbers by the second
C time is life D to be calm down, in an emergency, just say numbers by the second
2. What should you do if you want to do first aid correctly ?
A.Learn with a teacher. B Remember the letters DR ABC
C Stay calm D All of the above
3. According to the passage, people in the accident_______.
A. can be helped by anyone who’d like to do so
B. Should be waken up as soon as possible
C. should be put in the recovery position when having been given first aid
D. can be given first aid even without checking the DR ABC
4. Which of the following sentences best expresses
the main idea of the passage?
A. DR ABC should be remembered
B. Remembering the letters DR ABC is enough forfirst aid
C. Why first aid is important and what the letters DR ABC stand for in an emergency
D. What the letters DR ABC mean
5. In the passage., the author seems to be _________.
A.explaining the meaning of the letters DR ABC B. telling us the importance of the first aid
C. giving some basic information about first aid D. showing the importance of DR ABC
Step 7 True or false
1. We can do nothing but call an ambulance or the police when someone is hurt.
2. If you don’t know about first aid, never try to revive the wounded person. T
3. We can check blood circulating only by looking for eye movement.
4. If the person is not breathing , we must start her breathing in ten minutes.
5. If a person is bleeding, make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.
6. When the accident happens, go to save the wounded people immediately.
Step 8 Post-reading
Look at the pictures on Page60. Use what you have learnt from the text to explain what the people are
doing in the pictures.
Picture 1
The man is gently tipping the person’s head back to make sure that his airway is open and it is easy to breathe.
Picture 2
If a person is not breathing, we can use the mouth-to-mouth way to start his/her breathing. And this must be done within five minutes.
Picture 3
If a person is bleeding, we should cover the wound with a clean piece of cloth and press on the wound to stop the bleeding.
Step 9 Retelling
Retell something about DR ABC according to the table in pairs.
Step 10 Group discussion
What are some of the most important things to do at the scene of an accident?
Firstly, we should keep calm, make better decisions and call an ambulance or the police.
Secondly, we should check the DR ABC and then give first aid if we know how to do it.
Thirdly, we should put the person in the recovery position and make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.
Finally, we should cover the person with a blanket or a jacket to help him or her stay calm, stay with him or her and wait for the ambulance.
Unit 9
skimming
When and where was the first Earth Summit held? What did they do then?
It was first held in Stockholm in 1972.Representatives discussed some of the most important problems facing our planet. Much progress has been made.
step1. Fast reading
Try to find the main idea of each Para.Match them.
Para.1 A brief introduction to 1972,2002 Earth Summits.
Para2 The big three and the results caused by them
Para.3 The responsibilities of the richer countries
Para.4 How to save the earth
Para.5 Small changes make big difference
Para.6 Sts’ better understanding of he environment and their willingness to act are important
Para.7 One of the solutions to the problems---education
Listening
1. Listen to Para 1 and find one of the main themes of the summit.
Sustainable development
2. Listen to Para 2& 3 and find what topics are talked about by the speakers.
1)What are “The Big Three”?
Contaminated drinking water
Poor sanitation Air pollution
2) Poverty, War, Violence
What’s the present problem with the global development?
Richer people get richer while the poor get poorer.
3.What should rich counties do to solve this problem?
Rich countries have a responsibility towards poor countries and must do whatever they can to help others.
Scan the text and see which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? C
A．Different countries have different opinions about development.
B．Equality and fairness are badly needed in the today’s world.
C．The Earth Summit, a way to save the earth.
D．Sustainable development, the future for the world.
1.“Sustainable development ” was brought forth _______. B
A. at the Stockholm Summit B. at the Johannesburg Earth Summit
C. by the World Health Organization D. by China's former Premier Zhu Rongji
2. Which of the following is the main cause of millions of deaths in rural areas ? C
A. Lack of drinking water B. Poor sanitation
C. Air pollution D. Freezing cold
3. Which is the best way to make developing countries prosper ? D
A. Holding conferences like the Earth Summit
B. Richer countries offer much help
C. A better understanding of the environment
D. International cooperation
4. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage ? C
A. Different countries have different opinions about development
B. Equality and fairness are badly needed in the today's world
C. The Earth Summit , a way to save the earth
D. Sustainable development , the future for the world
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ? D
A.The Earth Summit was once of great help to China
B. The Earth Summit is the best way to solve all kinds of problems
C. Without poverty , war or violence we can develop the world successfully
D. Our willingness to take action is necessary for the protection of our environment
Compare with your partner and decide what you think each part of the text will be about
Introduction (para 1) Introduction of the Earth Summit
Body (para 2-6) Major problems facing the world
Conclusion (para 7) What we can do to solve the problem
Introduction (Para 1)
Fill in the form
The Earth Summit
Time Place Theme
1972 Stockholm The Human Environment
2002 Johannesburg Sustainable Development
Step2.Read the text carefully.
Para.1 Read it quickly,and answer the questions.
In 2002, the Earth Summit was held in Johannesburg in
South Africa. One of the main themes of the summit was Sustainable development
What does “sustainable development” mean? D
A.Developing the nature. B.Developing economy.
C.Taking better care of the earth. D.Developing the world without damaging the environment
Para2. Listen to the tape .
What does the “big three” refer to?
Contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution.
Try to find these sentences true or false.
The three big killers in the world are poverty, war, and violence.
Air pollution is a big problem only in rural areas,especially in developing countries.
20% of the people on earth have no clean drinking water.
Read Para.4---Para.6. Do the following exercises.
1.What one of the visitors said shows that____. C
A.There exist serious problems at present.
B.It is difficult to save the earth.
C.The earth summits make people understand the environment.
D.All of us have realized the importance of protecting the environment.
2.What’s the earth summit? C
A.It’s a place to find problems.
B. It’s a place to discuss how to develop economy.
C.It’s a place to find solutions to how to develop without damaging the environment
1.Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? B
A. Farmers are increasing the numbers of their cattle.
B. Farmers are limiting the numbers of their cattle.
C. Heavy rains and strong winds are destroying the valuable soil.
D.Fewer trees are left to hold the soil in place on the hillside.
2.Air pollution doesn't cause _______. D
A. the destroying of forests B. the killing of fish in lakes
C. illnesses and injuries to people D. the spreading of clouds of radiation
3.What is the possible reason why the Mediterranean can’t clean itself? D
A.One quarter of the shores are polluted. B. A lot of diseases are present in the water.
C. It lies between Europe and Africa. D. It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean.
4. The 1st part of the passage is mainly about ________. A
A. the reasons why the area of desert is growing
B. the numbers of cattle farmers should keep
C. the valuable soil strong winds blow away
D. the damage rains and winds bring about
5. If people change their habits, pollution _______. B
A. can be completely stopped B. will become less and less
C. can do less damage to people D.will do no harm to people
6. According to the text _________ are the worst enemy of nature. B
A. cattle B. humans C. deserts D. chemicals
Now, please read the passage carefully. You should pay attention to some detailed information in the passage . After that .Please answer these questions.
1 .What are the “big three”?
The “big three” refers to contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and air pollution.
2 . Why are conferences like the Earth Summit important?
Because they help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there’s still time to take action. They can tell us what we can do to help, too.
3 .What issues are discussed at the Earth Summit?
Contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution, poverty, wars and violence.
4．What is the key to the problem according to the text? Why?
Education 1. To build a better society and put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three
2. To wipe out much of the poverty.
3. To see less violence and fewer wars.
summary
Accidents I. Time : 1986
Place : at a nuclear power station in Russia
Results : 125,000 die
Accidents II Time : 1984
Place : at a factory in the town of Bhopal in India
Results : 2500 be killed; many lose sight
Fact causes results
Earth desert grow every year cattle ; trees be cut down have less farm land
Air be polluted; chemical rain smoke from; accidents forests be destroyed; fish be killed ;
do harm to people
water be polluted; diseases waste from ; accidents living things be killed ; have less
drinking water ; nowhere to swim
Discussion
If you are one of the representatives at the Earth Summit, What proposal will you offer to solve the problems on the earth?
Unit 10
Step 1 Lead in
1.What’s the weather like today?
2.Do you often care about the weather?
3.How do you hear about it?
4.Have you ever heard of typhoon?
5.What words can you think of to describe the typhoon weather?
heavy wind (blow hard) storm roaring thunder
Also roaring forties: part of the Atlantic Ocean, often very stormy, between latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees south.
6. What will you feel in such kind of weather?
frightened, scared, terrible, happy (why?)
7. What about the hurricane? Have you everheard about it?
8. What about volcano?
9. Look at the picture. Find out as much as you can to describe it.
Eruption lava
10. How is a volcano formed?
The rocks under the earth becomes hotter and hotter and erupted from the mountain.
11. Where is the most possible place that a volcano may erupt? Near the oceans
12. Do you know how a volcano works,if you do, describe it?
Gas vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulphur, etc.
Solid bits of rock and volcanic ash, etc.
Liquid lava
Step 2 Pre reading
the town of Pompeii (relics) two thousand years ago 18 hours
Skimming
Main idea of each part:
Para.1 General introduction to the letter.
Para.2 When and where the volcano erupted?
Para.3-6 What Pliny did when the volcano erupted?
Para.7 Conclusion to the letter.
Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.
1.A volcano erupted on the 24th of August in 79 BC in southern Italy.
2.My uncle planned to save his friend’s wife Rectina.
3.My uncle went to rescue Pompy after saving Rectina. T
4.The flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.
5.They decided to try the open air instead of staying in the house. T
6.It was night when the volcano erupted
Divide the text into several parts and tell the main idea of each part.
Step 3 While reading
Scan the text and answer the following questions.
1.What did Tacitus ask the author to do?
Ask him to write him sth about the death of his uncle Pliny.
2.From whom was the letter which the author’s uncle brought?
From his friend’s wife Rectina.
3.Where was Rectina’s house?
At the foot of Vesuvius.
4 What did the captain urge the author’s uncle to do?
He urged the author’s uncle to turn back.
5 Why did the author’s uncle ask to be taken to the baths?
Because he wanted to help the other to calm down.
6 When was the author’s uncle’s body found?
When daylight came again two days after he died.
7.What is described in the following passage?
The eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
8.When and where did it happen?
On the 24th of August in 79 AD in southern Italy.
9.Who is the writer of the letter?
Pliny, the younger.( The author of the letter is Pliny’s nephew.)
Read the text carefully & fill in the following form.
Date: On the 24th of August in 79 AD in southern Italy.
What happened: The eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
First A cloud of unusual size & shape rising from a mountain drew my uncle’s attention and he wanted to see it from closer at hand.
Next After receiving a letter from his friend’s wife Rectina, he changed his mind to save her.
Then In spite of the danger, he turned back to rescue his friend Pompy and help calm down the other people
Finally My uncle wanted to get out of the danger but failed. He was dead.
Arrange the following statements according to the right order.
1.He decided to rescue his friend Pompy.
2.Some people watched an unusual cloud rising from a mountain.
3.Rectina begged him to save her.
4.He ordered a boat made ready.
5.Two slaves helped him stand up and immediately he fell down dead.
6.He bathed and had dinner.
7.A rain of rocks was coming down.
2 4 3 1 6 7 5
Read the text again and explain what the words in bold refer to.
it: a cloud of unusual size and shape rising from a mountain
the one: the wind
the other: my uncle’s friend Pompy
their: flames
They: scared people
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Time What happened
on the 24th of Aug. in 79AD, between 2 & 3p.m. a cloud rose from the mountain
afterwards some of the cloud was white and dark
after dinner broad sheets of flame were lighting up many parts of Vesuvius
the next day shower of rock, darkness
This passage mainly tells us________. C
A To tell sth about Volcano happening in 79AD
B To tell sth about the death of Uncle Pliny
C To help Tacitus to recall what happened to Uncle Pliny
D To be in memory of Uncle Pliny
篇4：Book8 Unit2 Cloning 单元全套导学案 (人教版英语高二)
Reading 预习案
Task one Choose the best answers
1. Dolly the sheep __________
A. looked exactly like the sheep that provides the egg.
B. was the exactly copy of the sheep that provides the nucleus.
C. look like the sheep that gave birth to it.
D. had the characteristics of all the three sheep.
2. How many female sheep are involved in the cloning? ___________
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. One.
3. In the second paragraph, the word “straightforward” means ____.
A. uncomplicated B. honest C. frankD. difficult
4. Which of the following is not an advantage of cloning?
A. Cloning can be used for medical purposes.
B. Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning.
C. Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned.
D. Cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.
5. Which of the follow is NOT a problem or danger of cloning mentioned in the text?
A. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves.
B. Animal clones may develop the illness of older animals and may die younger than the donor animals.
C. There are moral objections to cloning human beings.
D. Too much cloning may lead to the destruction of the balance of nature.
6. The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably live_____ years.
A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 13
7. What is the writing style?
A. Expositive. B. Descriptive. C. Argumentative.
8. The writer’s reaction towards cloning is____
A. Positive B. Negative C. neutral /Objective
Task two Find the phrases in the text and remember them
1.从---受益(P10下) __________________ 2.问题出现(P10下) __________________
3.与…完全相同_________________
4. 从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来______________________________________________________________________
5. 在性别和相貌上完全相同_____________________________________________
6. 自然克隆现象______________________ 思考： 人造克隆__________________
7. 两大用途___________________________________________________________
8. 用来生产大量的供商用的植物_________________________________________
9. 科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报___________________________________
10. 从…中取出（2个 图下小字）________________ ________________
11.关注着首例成功的克隆动物的进展_____________________________________________________________________
12. 令人烦扰的消息_____________________13. 使沮丧_____________________
14. 适合于---的；适当的________________________________________________
15. 一方面….另一方面….. ______________________ ________________________
16. 引起了一阵强烈反对________________________________________________
17. 对媒体产生巨大的影响______________________________________________
18. 打开人们对…的眼界________________________________________________
Task three Fill in the blanks
Cloning is a way of making an_________ copy of another animal or plant. It can be used to clone plants and ___________. Cloning plants is _____________ while cloning animals is very _____________. However, the determination and patience of the scientists ________ _______with the birth of Dolly. But then came the _____________news that Dolly had become seriously ill. The fact ________ Dolly lived six, half the length of the life _________ __________ the cloning scientists. Dolly’s appearance _______ a storm of objections and had a great __________on the media and the public imagination. Scientists still wonder ____________cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.
Reading 课内探究案
【自主学习】
I. What is the main idea of the passage?
The passage tells us that____________ cloning raised ______________and scientists are not sure about its_____________.
III. Fast reading: True or false.
1. Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. ( )
2. Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants. ( )
3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. ( )
4. Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. ( )
5. Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants. ( )
IV. Number the main ideas of the paragraphs.
___.Cloning has two major uses and successful clone.
___.Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant(definition)
___. The effect of Dolly.
___. It is forbidden to clone human beings.
___.The problems of Dolly.
【合作探究】
Step one Find answers to the following questions
1. Read para1 and answer the following questions.
1) What is cloning?
2) How cloning happens in plants?
3) What about in animals?
2. Read para2 and answer the following questions.
1) What are the two major uses of cloning?
2) Why is it easier to make commercial plant clones than animal clones?
3. Read the procedure of cloning Dolly the sheep and translate it into Chinese.
4. Read para3 and 4 and finish the following table.
Way of birth
Life span
Cause of death
Reflections on Dolly
5. Read para5 and describe different attitudes towards human cloning..
Step two Discussion
Read the whole passage again and fill in the following chart.
Problems or dangers of cloning Advantages of cloning
Step three Translation
1. Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.
2. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.
3. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
4. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.
5. The questions that concerned all scientists were: “Would this be a major difficulty for the cloned animals? ……”
6. On the other hand, Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.
7. It suddenly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illness and even to produce human beings.
8. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.
【精讲点拨】
1. It is a difficult task to undertake. 译文：__________________________________________
句中it 是形式主语吗？_________ 它具体指代什么？__________________________
划线部分做什么成分？______________________
2. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 译文： _____________________________________________________________________ 本句是部分倒装还是全部倒装？_____ 什么规则让它倒装？____________________________
that 引导________ 从句，可以省略吗？________
3. Could it be solved if corrections were made on their research procedure?译文： _____________________________________________________________________
4. Find a sentence to replace the following one:
Suddenly human beings realized that they may cure serious illnesses or clone themselves by means of cloning.
_____________________________________________________________________
【课后延伸】Improve your writing ability:
写作情景：今天我们班同学讨论了有关克隆的问题。同学们热烈发表了评论和表达了自己的看法；他们主要有两种不同的意见：
写作内容：
支持者认为克隆利大于弊，克隆技术是21世纪人类科学的伟大突破。人类可以利用克隆技术培养大量品质优良的动植物；挽救珍奇濒危动物；调节大自然的生态平衡；可以研制高水平新药解决人类各种疾病等。
反对者认为克隆会导致动物早衰、夭折；无计划的克隆动物会破坏生态平衡，导致一些疾病的传播;邪恶分子可能克隆自己，给人类带来灾难等。
同学们利用你课本中所接触的词汇和句式，学习正常的英式表达，让自己体会一下英语写作带来的成功。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Words and expressions
【课内探究案】
Step one Words
1. differ V 不同，相异
In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ.（课文原句）
1） Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak .
2） The two lawyers differed about how to present the case .
归纳：
1) differ from… ____________(汉语)
2) differ in … _____________
3) differ with sb about/on sth .____________
即时应用：
Leaves are found on all kinds of trees ,but they differ greatly _______size and shape.
A. on B . from C .by D. in
用介词 from, with, on, about, upon 或 in 填空。
1) We differ _________ him _________ that question.
2) The two nations differ _____________culture and religion.
3) The climate here differ ___________ that of the South.
2.undertake v.着手 ；从事
The procedure is difficult to undertake, of course.（课文原句）
1) I can undertake the responsibility for the changes.
我愿意承接这项变革的责任。
2) He undertook to be our guide .
归纳：
undertake sth 承担某事
undertake to do sth 许诺做某事/ 同意做某事
undertake that …保证…
undertaking ( n ) 用单数/任务/事业/保证
即时应用：完成下列句子。
(1) He will ___________________ next month (去旅行).
(2) He ________________________________ (承担了一项新任务).
3.forbid vt.禁止，不准，不许
Governments became nervous and many forbade research into human cloning.各国政府恐慌不安, 有许多政府命令禁止克隆人类的研究。（课文原句）
1） Smoking should be forbidden in public places.公共场所应禁止吸烟。
2）Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.因篇幅所限，此处不便对本题作进一不步阐述。
3）Her father forbids her wine. = Her father forbids her to drink wine.
forbid sth. / doing sth./ sb. to do sth./ sb. (from)doing sth./ sb. sth/ that…(should) do
即时练习：完成下列句子
(1) The school ___________________________________ (禁止学生吸烟).
(2) He is forbidden to _______________________________ (进入这个房间).
4.obtain vt 获得，得到。
近义词辨析：obtain, acquire, get, gain
obtain knowledge (result, prizes ,approval)获得知识（结果，奖品，承认）经过努力获得。get 为最常用语，gain 指需要做出比obtain 更大的努力才能获得，还有增加重量之意。acquire 指经过努力获得的语言，技术等抽象的东西。
即时练习：
1） 用这种方法，你可以得到好的结果。
__________________________________
2） No pains, no __________.
Step two Phrases
1. cast down 沮丧 ，不愉快
Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illness were more appropriate to a much older animal.
归纳拓展
be cast down = feel discouraged cast away丢弃, 抛弃, 使失事, 使漂流
cast off 放弃；丢弃, 摆脱 cast out赶走, 驱逐
即时练习：
将下列句子译成英语
(1) 听到这个消息他很沮丧。
________________________________________________
(2) 发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。
________________________________________________
2.pay off 得到好结果，取得成功，偿清
1）Two hundred workers have been paid off .
2) Lily studied hard before the exam, and it paid off, he made an A.
归纳拓展：
pay sth off 还清 pay sb back for sth 因….报复/惩罚某人 pay sb back sth 还某人某物 pay for sth 付…的钱
将下列句子译成英语
(1) 下周我将还你的钱。 ____________________________________________
(2)___________________(他的努力没有白费)when the girl accepted his proposal .
【检测讲义】
一、单词拼写
1. The brothers d_____ widely in their tastes.
2. The question is quite s_______ , while that one is much more complicated.
3. It is quite d_____ to hear the bad news.
4.The film was a _____ (商业的)success.
5.I’d like to come, too, if you have no _____(反对).
二．句型转换
1.At the beginning, he was against my proposal. However, in the end, he changed his mind.
At first he hesitated about my suggestion , but he _____ ______ agreed.
2.Later they learnt that an earthquake had taken place in that area.
Then ______ _____ _____ that the area had been hit by an earthquake.
3.Although he was not strong, he joined in the work.
_____ ______ _____ weakness, he took part in the work.
4.We are still far from being able to clone extinct animals.
We are still _____ _____ _____ from being able to clone extinct animals.
5.They don’t know if the new policy is in their favor.
They _____ _____ this new policy can bring benefit to them.
三．翻译句子
1. 人与动物的不同之处在于人能说话。（differ）
2.他为克隆承担全部责任。 （undertake）
3.作为惩罚，他被禁止克隆人类。 （forbid）
4.受到这样的惩罚，他很沮丧。 （cast down ）
5.最后他的努力没有白费。 （pay off ）
Using language
【课前预习案】
Step one Important words and expressions:
1. vt 打；击__________________ 2. initial _____________________
3. vt. 抵抗：抵制_____________ 4.reasonable__________________
5. n. 缺点；不利条件___________ 6.from time to time_____________
7. vt 崇拜；爱慕______________ 8. in vain______________________
9. Phr. 状况很好/坏____________ 10. bring back to life _____________
Step two Crazy reciting
1. From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.
有人不时建议，像恐龙那样已灭绝的动物可能会通过克隆使之复生。
2. All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there’s not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.
如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。
a) But in fact we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals.
但事实上，要想克隆绝种动物，我们还有很长的路程要走。
b) Unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either impossible or unsuitable.
不幸的是，据我们现在所知这是不可能的，也是不合适的。
自主学习
Read the text and finish the three questions:
Give reasons why it is either impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals
Reason 1:_________________________________________________________
Reason 2:_________________________________________________________
Reason 3:_________________________________________________________
合作探究
Step one Read the text, and then tell whether the following sentences are true or false.
1. Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals because they think it can
make money.
2.The animals that have disappeared from the earth, like dinosaurs, can be brought
back to life through cloning.
3. If we can clone any extinct animals, we should let them live in a zoo.
Step two Analyze and translate the following sentences.
1. The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.
___________________________________________________________________
2. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
____________________________________________________________________
仿造例句：他不想上大学的原因是如果他上学去了，将没人照顾他生病的妈妈。
The reason ______________________________________is __________________, no one can look after his sick mother.
3. Based on what we know now, you cannot done animals that have been extinct longer than 10, 000 years.
_____________________________________________________________________ 精讲点拨
Words and phrases
1． strike vt, vi (struck. struck) 打；撞击
课文原句：The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.
（1） The clock has just struck three. ____________
（2） They struck for better working conditions._____________
（3） The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera._______________
（4） An awful thought has just struck me.
（5） Struck by her beauty, I fell in love with her at the first sight._____________
（6） Strike a match____________
（7） Strike while the iron is hot. __________________________________
2.resist vt 对抗；抵制
课文原句：The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to their children.
pass on…to…________________resist v ___________
resist sth. __________________resist doing sth. ___________________
can’t resist doing sth. _____________________
3. in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
课文原句：All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.
In vain did they try to persuade her to go
归纳:____________________________________
有效训练.
1. 他体重超重，健康状况不佳。
He is overweight and ________________________.
2. 我们所有的努力都付诸东流。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 我突然想到我们如何能改善局面了。
___________________________________________________________________________
Unit 2 Book 8 Cloning
Reading 预习案
Task one 1-8 BBACDDAC
Task two 1. benefit from 2. problems arise 3. an exact copy of 4. take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones 5. identical in sex and appearance 6. natural clones man-made clones 7. two major uses 8. use it to produce commercial quantities of plants 9. at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off 10. remove … from take … out of 11. follow the progress of the first successful clone 12. the disturbing news 13. cast down 14. be appropriate to 15.on the one hand … on the other hand 16. raise a storm of objections 17. have a great impact on the media 18. open everybody’s eyes
Task three exact; animals; straightforward; complicated; paid off; disturbing; that; cast down; raised; impact; whether
Reading 课内探究案
【自主学习】
I. animal; arguments; future
II. FTFTT
III. 2. 1. 4. 5. 3
【合作探究】
Step one
1. 1）Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.
2) It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones.
3） It happens in animals when identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.
2. 1) Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.
2) Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.
4.
Way of birth Cloning
Life span Six and a half years
Cause of death Illness appropriate to a much older animal
Reflections on Dolly Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It suddenly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illness and even to produce human beings.
5. Religious leaders raised normal questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. Some evil leaders hoped to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.
Step two Discussion
Problems or dangers of cloning Advantages of cloning
Animal clones may develop the illness of older animals. Medical cloning could produce cures for serious illness in humans.
Animal clones may die younger than the cloner animals. Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale.
Evil leaders may want to clone themselves. Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species.
There are moral objections to cloning human beings. Cloning can help save endangered animals.
Step three Translation
1. 克隆一直与我们同在，而且它还要持续下去。
2. 当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时， 就会产生这种现象。这种现象也发生在动物身上，从用一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。
3. 但是，科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报，这就是具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生。
4. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。
5. 科学家们的脑海里产生的问题是“这是不是所有克隆动物的一个主要困难呢？这种现象会不会永远发生？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决？”
6. 另一方面，多莉羊的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。
7. 它突然打开了人们的眼界，看到了有可能利用克隆技术来治疗重病，甚至还有可能克隆出人类。
8. 各国政府惶恐不安而且更加谨慎。有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他国家，如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。
【精讲点拨】
1. 那是一项很难完成的任务。不是，指代cloning animals，后置定语。
2. 接着传来了多利病重的坏消息。全倒装，当表示方位或时间先后的副词放句首，谓语动词是不及物动词时，通常使用全部倒装。同位语，不可。
3. 如果改进克隆程序，问题能否被解决呢？
4. It suddenly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illness and even to produce human beings.
【课后延伸】
Today our class had a heated discussion about cloning, during which we are eager to give our own comments on its problems and express our own opinions. Generally, we have the following two major different opinions:
Some students who are for cloning think it brings more advantages than disadvantages. In their opinion, cloning is a great breakthrough in human scientific world of 21st century. Human beings can use it to produce quantities of good plans and animals, to save rare and endangered species, to keep the balance of nature and to develop new medicines for kinds of human illnesses.
While the rest oppose cloning, thinking it results in the early death of animals. They hold the opinion that cloning animals without plan can destroy the balance of nature and spread some illnesses. Some evil leaders may clone themselves by means of it and lead to a great disaster to human beings.
Words and expressions
【课内探究案】
differ from …不同于 2.differ in …在…不同，相异 3.differ with sb about/on sth 与….在哪方面有差异
即时应用：
1.D （1）with /about (2) in (3) from
2.undertake V 即时应用
（1）He will undertake a journey.
(2) He undertook a new project.
3.forbid
即时应用（1）forbids smoking (2) enter the room
4.obtain
1)By this means ,you obtain good results .
2)No pains ,no gains .
Step two Phrases
cast down
Hearing the news ,he was cast down .
He was cast down to find the truth .
pay off
1)I will pay you back next week .
2)His efforts paid off ….
【检测讲义】
一．单词拼写
1. differ 2.straightforward 3.disturbing 4.commerical 5. objection
二．句型转换
1.at last 2.came to the news 3.Despite of his 4.a long way
5.wonder whether
三．翻译句子
Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak .
He undertook full responsibility for cloning .
He was forbidden to clone humans as a punishment .
He was cast down because of the punishment .
At last ,his efforts paid off .
Using language
【课前预习案】
Step one 1. strike 2. 最初的；开始的3. resist 4. 合理的5. drawback 6. 不时7. adore 8. 枉费心机 9. in good/poor condition 10. 使复活
自主学习
I. 1. You need perfect DNA
2. There is not enough diversity for cloned animals to overcome new diseases.
3. It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they would have to live in a zoo.
合作探究
Step one. FFF
Step two.
1. 在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。 类似这样的电影受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。
2. 其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，而且把这种免疫力传给下一代。
The reason why he doesn’t want to go to college is that if he does, no one can look after his sick mother.
3. 就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。
精讲点拨
Words and phrases
1.1)报时，敲响 2)罢工 3)（灾难，疾病等）侵袭，爆发 4)想起，想到 5）被…打动 6）划火柴 7）趁热打铁
2. 传递; 留给
抵制；阻挡某事
resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事
3.in vain 放在句首，句子用部分倒装
有效训练
1. is in poor condition
2. All our efforts were in vain.
3. It struck me how we could improve the situation.
篇5：人教版 高一unit 8 sports 全套教案与练习
Unit 8 Sports
一、学习目标和要求
1．学习和掌握以下单词和习惯用语
单词
BC; Athens; continent; well-known; athlete; gold; medal; torch; host; Los Angels; Los Angels Lakers; badminton; Miami Heat; Manchester United; Leeds; shooting; AD; Greece; wrestling; competitor; motto; swift; Carl Lewis; rank; gymnastics; weight; weigh; venue; prepare; preparation; flag; profile; height; Houston Rockets; superstar; point; skill; professional; gesture; facial
习惯用语
stand for; would rather; take part in; join in; in preparation for
2．功能意念项目
1）学会用英语谈论体育运动。
2）学会用英语谈论奥林匹克运动会。
3）学会用英语谈论兴趣和爱好。
3．语法
学习一般将来时的被动语态。复习句子类型（主谓、主谓宾、主系表、There be等句型)。
4．语言运用
运用所学语言，围绕体育运动这一题材，完成教科书中规定的听、说、读、写的任务；阅读课文“THE OLYMPIC GAMES”，确切理解并完成有关课文内容和练习，学会用英语写某一体育明星的简历。
二、学习指导
1．单词和习惯用语的用法
1) stand for 代表, 象征,; 支持, 主张, 赞成; 参加...的竞选; 容忍
当主语是缩写字母时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
例：GNP stands for gross national product. GNP代表国民生产总值。
P.O. stands for postal order. P.O.表示邮政汇票。
The letters PLA stand for the People’s Republic of China.
PLA这几个字母代表中国人民解放军。
Do you stand for or against this principle?
你是支持还是反对这个原则？
We’ve always stand for a peaceful settlement of the border dispute.
我们一向主张和平解决边界争端。
We’ve consistently stood for negotiations through diplomatic channel to reach a fair solution of Iraqi problem.
我们一贯主张通过外交途径，公平合理地解决伊拉克问题。
Mr. Jackson is to stand for governor.杰克逊先生将做州长候选人。
I won’t stand for his unreasonable demands any longer.
我再也不会容忍他的无理要求了。
2) well-known adj.众所周知的；有名的；清楚明白的
例：Zhao Dan was a well-known Chinese performer.
赵丹是中国著名的表演家。
be/become well-known/known/famous for因...而出名
be/become well-known/known/famous as被称为，作为...而出名
be well-known/known to all 众所周知
例：Today he is well-known as a model leader.今天他是有名的模范领导人。
She was better known as a poet. 作为诗人，他名望更大。
Guilin is known for its beautiful sceneries. 桂林因风景优美而出名。
It is well-known to all that the Great Wall is a place of interest in China.
众所周知，长城是中国的一处名胜。
3) gold n. 黄金；金币；贵重的东西；高贵(纯洁) adj. 金的；金制的
例：People from the East rushed to California for gold.
东部的人们都涌向加州去淘金。
He wore a gold watch. 他带着一块金表。
He paid in gold and turned to the door.
他用金币付了钱，然后转身向门口走去。
He has a heart of gold.他又一颗高贵的心。
She has a voice of gold and sings beautifully.
她有一副金嗓子，唱歌很甜美。
gold & golden
gold表示金制品; golden是指 “金色的”；还表示 “珍贵的；绝好的”
例：A girl with golden hair was walking at the other side of the street.
一位金发女郎走在大街的另一侧。
It is a golden opportunity for him to go to Britain to learn English.
让他去英国学英语真是一次良机。
注：golden是由gold + 后缀 -en构成的形容词，再如：earthen(泥的); oaken(橡木制的); waxen(腊的); wooden(木料的，木料制的); wool(l)en(羊毛的)；以-en构成的形容词往往还可以作比喻用。如：the Golden Age黄金时代；wooden head.呆子。
4) host n. 主人(对宾客而言.hostess女主人, 女房东, 女老板, 女服务员);
(广播, 电视的)节目主持人; 旅馆老板；一大群, 极多；
vt. 主办(宴会等); 款待, 作主人招待；作东，
例：I have a whole host of things to do today.我今天有一大堆事情要做。
Beijing has been chosen as host for the Olympic games.
北京被选为举办2008奥运会的主办城市。
Mr Brown was our host at the party. 布朗先生是我们晚会的主人。
The host team and the guest team won each of the games, so they were even with each other. 客队和主队各赢一场,现在他们两队打平了。
He has a whole host of difficulties in learning English.
他学英语有许许多多困难。
The conference was hosted by that committee.
该委员会充当这个会议的东道主。
I still remember the garden party he had hosted last spring.
去年春天他主办的花园聚会。
5) shoot v. 击中；射击(shoot at之向某人或某物射击并未打中)
例：He shot a deer and killed it dead.他击中了一只鸟并射杀了它。
He shot at the bird, but missed it.他向鸟射击但没打中。
He was shot in the arm.他的胳膊被打中了。
She shot an angry look at me.他怒气冲冲地瞪了我一眼。
6) would rather(US also had rather) 宁愿；宁可；与其...不如...。
would rather意为would prefer to，表示主观上的愿望或谈到将来。后接动词原形，经常和than连用(than后也接动词原形)，其否定式为would rather not do...。
例：I’d rather stay at home than go out.我宁可待在家里，不想出去。
I’d rather ride a bicycle rather than take a bus.
我愿意骑自行车而不愿意坐公共汽车。
---Some more wine?
---Thank you, I’d rather not. I have to drive home.
---再来点酒好吗？
--- 不要了，我不能再喝了。我还得开车回家呢。
I’d rather还可以接完成不定式，表示对于已经发生事项在选择上的不合适。
例：I’d rather have gone to the theatre than stayed at home last night.
我昨天晚上要是不待在家里而是去看剧就好了。
I’d rather not have stayed at home last night.
我昨晚不待在家里就好了。
would rather前后可用不同的主语来表示某人宁愿让另一人做某事。在这种情况下，一般用过去时来表示现在或将来要做的事情。谈到过去的动作，用过去完成时。
例：I’d rather you went home.我愿意现在就回家。
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.我真希望你没做过那件事。
7) take part in参加、参与。
例：They all went to take part in the celebration. 他们都去参加庆祝。
We are having a game. Will you take part? 我们在玩，你参加吗？
play a part (in sth) 扮演...角色，起...作用。
例：Computer plays an important part in our life.
电脑在日常生活中起重要作用。
do one’s part. 尽职责、尽一份力量。
do sb’s part 支持某人。
take part in & join in参加活动。用join in和take part in都可以，后者更强调参与性，特别是较庄重的大型的有众多人参加的活动。
例：About one million workers joined in(=took part in) the strike
.大约一百万工人参加了罢工。
注意：1). 积极参加take an active part in 或join actively in.
2). join sb. in... 意为“和某人一起（做某事）”而take part in则不能这样用。join in后可不跟宾语。而take part in后必须接宾语，如不接宾语in省略。
例：They came out for their morning exercises. I also joined in.
3). join可用来表示加入某个政党、团体、组织等。成为其中一个成员，这时join为及物动词，后边不接介词in；而take part in则不能这样用。
8) swift adj. 迅速的；快的；敏捷的；立刻的 adv. 迅速地；敏捷地
例：The government is swift to take steps to control the spread of the disease.
政府快速采取措施控制疾病蔓延。
be swift to+名／to do...：很快...的；易于（动不动就）...的
例：Carl Lewis is a swift runner. 卡尔刘易斯是一个跑得很快的人。
My baby is swift to fall; asleep.我的宝宝容易睡着。
Smith was swift to anger. 史密斯动不动就生气。
There are swift-running rivers in the valleys.山间多有湍急的河流。
swiftly adv. 迅速的；敏捷的
例：The pickpocket took the old man’s purse swiftly.
那个扒手飞快地摸走了老人家的钱包。
9) rank vi. 列为；列队 vt. 排列；归类于；把...分等／分类
n. 阶层，等级；地位，身份；军阶，军衔；高地位；显贵
例：She ranks high/first in her class.她在班上名列前茅／第一。
This town ranks high among beauty spots. 这城市在风景区中享有盛名。
When I entered the restaurant, I found the cups ranked neatly on the shelf .我进入那家饭店时发现杯子整齐地排列在架子上。
I rank her among ／with the country’s best writers.
我认为她可属全国最优秀作家之列。
Critics rank him as a first-class painter.评论家把他评价为一流的画家。
After two years he promoted to the rank of captain.
两年后他晋升到上尉军衔。
Take the taxi at the head of the rank.乘坐排在前头的那辆出租车。
Taxis stood in a rank in front of the station.出租车在车站前排成一列。
Last year he joined the ranks of the unemployed.
去年他加入到失业者大军（沦为失业者）。
People of all ranks took part in the strike. 各阶层的人都参加了罢工。
10) weight n. 重力；重量。注意以下例句中介词的使用。by weight的意思是“论重量，以斤两计；in weight则指“在重量上”。如果句中有weight,询问重量时要用what，而不是how much。
例：It is sixty grams in weight.他的重量是六十克。
Bananas are usually sold by weight.香蕉通常按重量卖。
He has grown in height and weight.他身高和体重都增加了。
Her weight has increased to 70 kilos.她的体重增加到了70公斤。
That man is twice my weight.那个男子的体重比我中一倍。
At the back of each dictionary there is a table of weights and measures.
每本字典后面都有一个度量衡表。
What is the weight of the gold coin? 这块金币的重量是多少？
You have put on/lost or taken off weight, haven’t you?
你体重增加／减少（变苗条）了，是不是？
weigh vt. 称...重量；称；估量...的轻重；考虑, 斟酌; 衡量vi. 重(若干)
例：He weighed himself on the scales.他在磅秤上称重量。
He weighed the stone in his hand. 他用手掂了掂这块石头的重量。
The man weighed the fish by hand.那个男子用手估量了那条鱼的重量。
She weighs fifty kilos. She weighs less than she used to.
她体重五十公斤，比以前轻多了。
How much do you weigh? 你体重多少？
They weighed the matter seriously. 他们认真考虑这件事。
Weigh your words before speaking. 将花钱要仔细考虑措辞。
He weighed the advantages and disadvantages of changing his job.
(He weighed the advantages of changing his job against disadvantages.)
他把换工作的利弊加以权衡比较。
The doctors weighed the advantages of the operation against the risks involved.
医生们仔细考虑做这种手术的好处和危险。
11) history-making adj. 名垂青史的；开创历史的；载入史册的；历史性的
例：The president’s history-making decision brought the war to an end.
总统的具有历史性的决定使得这场战争得以结束。
That was a history-making discovery in medicine.
那是一项载入医学史册的重大发现。
history-making是合成词，由名词+动词的-ing形式构成。又如：man-eating; grass-eating; shoe-making; rope-walking; air-conditioning; daylight-saving; metal-cutting; peace-making等。
12) prepare vt. .准备；预备； vi.预备；作好准备
例：The company is preparing a book fair.这家公司正在筹备书展。
All the citizens have been prepared against the disaster.
所有人都准备好防灾。
They have prepared the ship for another arctic expedition.
他们再次装备好了北极探险的船只。
Mother is preparing the meal, father is preparing his lesson while I am preparing for the exam.
妈妈在做饭菜，爸爸在备课，而我在复习功课准备考试。
I prepared the ground for the seeds. 我整理好土地准备播种。
Working on a part-time basis can prepare them for a future career.
打工为大学生将来的工作作好准备。
Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?
你能否帮我为这次老同学聚会做好准备工作?
The team prepared themselves for defeat / to accept defeat.
这个队心理上做好了接受失败的准备。
The dinner is preparing.正在准备饭。
习惯用语：
be prepared for准备着；作好准备；
例：They were prepared for anything to happen. 他们已准备好应付一切。
be prepared to do能力而且愿意
例：I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back.
我愿意把钱借给你，你得答应还给我。
be prepared against对(不好的事）已作好准备
例：We must be prepared against natural disasters.
我们要做好准备，以防自然灾害。
prepare for为...作准备
例：Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.
存最好的希望，准备应付最坏的情况。
preparation n. (U) 准备；预备 (C. 通常用复数）准备工作；准备措施
例：You can’t pass the exam without preparation. 不准备就考不及格。
Preparation for the top government officers' visit are almost complete.
迎接政府高级官员来访的准备工作差不多已全部完成。
Food preparation areas must be kept clean.制作食品的场所应保持清洁。
He has never done enough preparations for his examinations.
他对考试从来不作好充分准备的。
Was your education a good preparation for your career?
你所受的教育是否为你的事业打下了良好的基础？
习惯用语：
be in preparation 在准备中; 在编辑中
例：The advertising is still in preparation.广告宣传仍在准备中。
The banquet is in preparation.宴会正在准备中。
in preparation for作为...的准备
例：They’ve sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.
他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。
She bought a new coat in preparation for the winter.
她买了一件新大衣以备冬天之用。
make preparations against为对付...作准备
例：We are making preparations against SARS.
我们在为防“非典”作准备。
make preparations for为...作准备
例：They are busy making preparations for their wedding.
他们忙着筹备婚礼。
The country is making preparations for war/to go to war.
该国正在备战／准备打仗。
13) height n. 高；高度；海拔
例：He is two metres in height. 他身高两米。
The plane exploded at a height of a hundred feet above the ground
飞机在离地100英尺高度爆炸。
They measured the height of the bridge. 他们测量了桥的高度。
His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
他这么高,使他在人群中显得很突出。
in the height of summer 盛夏
Yao Ming is a man of towering height.姚明一个很高的人。
The height of Chomolungma is about 8848 metres above sea level.
珠穆朗玛山海拔8848米高。
习惯用语：
at the height of在...的高度, 在...的最盛时; 在...的高潮中
例：She has been at the height of her career. 她已经到了事业的最高峰。
When he wrote this excellent novel, he was at the height of his powers as a writer.他写这部优秀小说时,正是他写作能力的全盛时期。
The tide was at its height.潮水涨到最高点了。
on height在高处; 向高处；高声地, 大声地
to the height达到最高点; 达到极点；高地；高岗；高处
例：Prices rise to a great height.价格大涨。
14) point n. 点；尖端；分数；要点；小数点；时刻
vt. 弄尖；指向；指出；瞄准；加标点于
vi.指, 指向, 表明
例：The melting point of lead is lower than that of iron.铅的熔点比铁的低。
What do these points stand for on the map?地图上的这些点代表什么?
It was a turning point in his career. 这是他事业上的转折点。
Prices on the stock exchange advanced two points.
股票市场价格涨了两点。
He was wounded by a knife point.刀尖弄伤了他。
We won by 5 points. 我们赢了5分。
Score twenty-one points 获得二十一分
Singing is not my strong point.唱歌非我所擅长。例：
What is the point of studying after the exam?考完事后再用功有什么意义?
You have missed the whole point of the novel.你忽略这篇小说的要点。
You’ve missed the whole point.你未能抓住要点。
Why can’t you come to the point? 为什么你不把重点说明？
Read 4.18 as‘four point one eight’. 4.18 读作“四点一八”。
He quietly pointed his gun at the deer.他悄悄地把枪瞄准鹿。
It’s rude to point your fingers at others.用手指指向他人是不礼貌的。
She pointed her pen before drawing.在画画之前他把铅笔削尖。
The teacher pointed out my mistakes to me.老师指出了我的错误。
All indications point to an early spring.所有的迹象都显示春天的来临
At/on the point(of) 将近／就要…的时候
例：They were on the point of leaving when I arrived.
At the point he got up and left the room. 此时他站起来，离开了屋子。
H is at the point of death. 他要死了。
On points以得分高低判定胜负
例：He won on points not knock-out 以积分（点数）获胜而不是击倒
He was defeated on points.他败于积分。
in point of 就…而言；关于…：
例：In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.
事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过
to the point 切题的，切中的；与正在讨论的事件有关的
例：His answer was to the point. 他的回答很中肯。
When it comes to the point到紧要关头
例：When it came to the point, he refused to help.
在紧要关头，他拒绝给予帮助。
15) skill n. (C) 技能；技巧；熟练；巧妙；(U) 熟练；娴熟；本领；本事
例：Learning a foreign language is a question of learning new skills, not a question of acquiring new knowledge.
学习外语是一个学习新技能而不是获取新知识的问题。
She has rich writing skills. 她有丰富的写作才能。
She showed great skill in winning the hearts of the students.
她在赢得学生欢心方面展露出高超的技巧。
John shows great skill at driving/telling stories.
他显示出驾驶／讲故事的高度技巧。
He has no skill in teaching.他没有教书的本领。
skilful(=skillful) adj. 熟练的, 灵巧的; 擅长于(at; in)；巧妙的; 制作精巧的
例：She's not very skil(l)ful with her chopsticks(at using chopsticks).
她用筷子不大熟练。
This is a skillful piece of work. 这是一件有技术的工作。
He is a skilful mechanic.他是一位很有技巧的机械修理工。
skilled adj. (=skillful)熟练的; 有技能的; 需要技能的
(be) skilled in (at) 做某事熟练
例：They are all skilled hands [workers]. 他们都是熟练工人。
He is skilled in business. 他做生意[买卖]有经验。
She is skilled at dealing with complaints.他善于处理投诉个案。
She was skilled enough in French to translate a novel.
她法语娴熟, 足以翻译小说。
16) gesture n. (C, U)手势；姿势；态度；动作；表示 v.作手势, 以手势表示
例：The man spoke by gesture. 这男子用手势表达。
He gestured to his students to keep quiet.他示意学生们保持安静。
The invitation was meant as a friendly gesture .那邀请是友好的表示。
I gave her the flowers as a gesture of apology.
我送她这些花表示我的歉意。
He gestured angrily at me. 他气愤地对我做手势。
He gestured to me that it was time to go.他示意我们该走了。
2．语言要点
1) What’s your favourite sport?你最喜欢的是哪项运动？
sport表示“运动，娱乐，消遣，游戏”之意。
例：It’s great sport to swim in the sea.在海里游泳真好玩。
They often have outdoor sports. 他们经常做室外运动。
sport和game
sport多指室内或室外运动，有一定的规则，需要体能和技巧，或娱乐性的或运动性的，打球，跳高，游泳，钓鱼，打猎，赛马和拳术等。泛指运动或运动的总称时，常用作不可数名词。特指某项运动时用作可数名词。
例：Swimming is his favourite sport. 游泳是他最喜欢的运动。
Skating is one of the winter sports. 滑冰是冬季运动中的一个项目。
How many hours of sport do you do every day? 你们每天搞几个小时的运动？（泛指）
sport用作复数时，可指运动会， 等与sports meeting。
例：We have school sports meeting once a year. 我们每年举行一次校运会。
sport作定语时，多用复数，美语常用单数。
例：He has an expensive sport(s) car. 他有一辆昂贵的跑车。
game主要指决定胜负的游戏或竞技比赛，常有一定的规则，凡参加者均须遵守，既可以是体力的，也可以是脑力的。
例：Let’s go and watch the football game(英国match). 咱们去看足球比赛吧。
After a game on the sports field they often become good friends.
在运动场上进行一场比赛后，他们常常变成好朋友。
They often have a game of chess in the spare time. 闲暇时，他们常下棋。
game作复数时，一般指大型的国际体育运动会如the Olympic Games.
2) Which do you prefer, badminton or tennis?羽毛球和网球这两项运动，你喜欢哪一项？
I prefer water skiing to surfing. 我喜欢滑水而不喜欢冲浪。
prefer是及物动词，表示在两者中“宁愿要或更喜欢”的意思。prefer后跟：
① 名词或代词
例：The southerners prefer rice to flour. 南方人喜欢吃米饭不喜欢吃面食。
② 跟动名词（一般不能接动名词的复合结构）
例：She preferred riding a bicycle (to taking a taxi).他喜欢骑自行车(而不喜欢乘出租车)。
While he was in the office, he preferred doing something (to sitting).
在办公室的时候，他喜欢做事儿(不喜欢闲坐着)。
③ 跟不定式
例：He prefers to stay at home during the weekend. 周末他宁愿待在家里。
④ 跟不定式的复合结构：prefer sb (to) do sth（不定式可以带to可以不带to）
例：I preferred him not to go to the park with us. 我不喜欢他同我们一起去公园。
She added, “I’d prefer you not call me Laura Baby.”
她又说，“我要你不要叫我洛拉贝贝。
⑤prefer...to...
在本句型中，to是介词，prefer和to后面的宾语可以是名词、代词，也可以是动名词。
例：Most people prefer trains to buses.大多数人宁可坐火车也不坐公共汽车。
He prefers renting a car to having one of his own.她宁可租一辆汽车，也不愿意自己拥有一辆。
注意：本结构中的to可以用instead of代替。
例：They prefer using that laboratory instead of using this.他们比较爱用那个实验室而不用这个。
⑥ 跟不定式+rather than+不定式
本句型中，第一个不定式前要带to，而第二个不定式前以不加to较常用；rather than可以置于句首；rather than后也可以接名词，这种用法多用于表示在某种具体场合的选择。
例：She preferred to go to the movies rather than watch TV at home.
她宁愿去看电影也不愿呆在家里看电视。
Rather than go with us she preferred to stay at home.他宁愿在家呆着也不愿和我们一起去。
----What shall we have, coffee or tea? 我们和点什么，咖啡还是茶？
----I should prefer coffee rather than tea. 我宁可和咖啡也不喝茶。
（这句话表示：在这样的场合我宁愿饮咖啡。）
⑦ 跟从句（从句的谓语动词用原形或should+动词原形）
例：Would you prefer that he (should) go with you? 你要他和你们一起去吗？
He preferred that she go by bus. 他宁愿让她乘公共汽车去。
3) Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
世界各地的运动员每四年参加一奥林匹克运动会。
every可以与表示数量的词连用，表示时间或空间的间隔。every four years还可以说成every fourth year，中文的意思是每四年或每隔三年。
every + 基数词 + 复数名词= every + 序数词 + 单数可数名词
例：He usually goes to see his uncle every ten days/every tenth day.
他通常每十天（每个九天）去看望叔叔一次。
Every four meters there is a tree along the highway.
沿着马路每四米（每隔三米）就有一棵树。
Please take the medicine every five hours. 请每五小时服用一次药。
every和other加单数名词连用，意为“每隔一......”或“其他的......都......”。也可以写成every second + 单数名词(意为“每隔一...”)或every two + 复数名词。
例：The students have a football game every other week. 学生们每隔一周有一次足球赛。
Every other person here agrees with us. 这里所有其他的人都同意我的看法。
Please write on every other line. 请隔行写。
every和few加上时间和空间的复数名词，意思是“每隔几（些）......”。
例：He came round to see his mother every few weeks. 隔几周他就来看看他母亲。
Every few hundred metres along the Great Wall there is a watchtower.
沿长城每隔几百米，就有一个岗楼。
4) The old Olympic Games from which the modern games came began around the year 776 BC in Greece. 古代奥林匹克运动会创始于公元前776年左右，是在希腊召开的，现代奥运会源出于古代奥运会。
① the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词多用复数。
例：The twenty-fifth Olympic Games were held in Barcelona, Spain.
第二十五届奥运会是在西班牙的巴塞罗那举行的。
② ...from which the modern Olympic Games came...是由介词和关系代词which引导的定语从句。介词的选择是根据从句中的搭配关系确定的，如此句中就是由come from搭配关系而定的。再如：
Some of the games in which the young man competed were running, jumping and wrestling.
那时青年男子参加的竞赛项目有赛跑、跳远和摔跤。
They were held in Greece----the country in which the games were born.
首届现代奥运会在奥运会的发源地希腊举行。
The date on which (=when) he joined the Party was July 1, .
他入党的日期是一九九八年七月一日。
The house in which(=where) he lived is now a library. 他住过的那栋房子现在是图书馆了。
5) The Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896. 现代的首届奥运会是在18举行的。
time作“时代”解时，通常用复数形式。
例：Times have changed, and we shouldn’t fall behind them.时代变了，我们不应落后于时代。
It is the fastest computer of modern times.这是当代速度最快的计算机。
In ancient times, people lived on wild fruits and wild beasts.
在古代，人们靠吃野果和野兽为生。
She didn’t understand the spirit of the times.她不理解那个时代的精神。
有时，time作“时代”解时，也可以用单数形式。例如in Shakespeare’s time(在莎士比亚时代), the feelings of the time(反映时代的情绪)。
6) In the games, there were 311 competitors from just 13 countries. 在1896年的奥运会上只有来自13个国家的311名参赛者。
competitor是名词，意思是“竞赛者”，其形容词是competitive(竞赛的)，名词competition（竞赛)，动词是compete，compete是不及物动词，常用于compete against/with sb. in sth./for sth，例如：
Several companies are competing against/with each other for the contract.
几家公司正为争取一项合同互相竞争。
Ten sportsmen competed for the gold medal. 十名运动员正这块金牌。
7) After that more and more countries joined in the games. 此后，越来越多的国家参加了运动会。
adj./adv.（比较级）+and+adj./adv.（比较级)，是一种“双重比较”的结构，表示持续不断的变化，意即“越来越......”。例如：
It is getting colder and colder. 天越来越冷了。
My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. 我的家乡变得越来越美了。
More and more farmers are coming to big cities. 越来越多的农民正涌入大城市。
3．语法说明：学习一般将来时的被动语态。
复习句子类型（主谓、主谓宾、主系表、There be等句型)。
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。一般将来时的被动语态的构成：
will/shall + be + -ed(过去分词)。此外还有be going to + be + -ed, be to + be + -ed 等。
例：You won’t be allowed to take so much luggage with you. 不会让你带那么多行李的。
Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony? 要邀请我们参加开幕式吗？
What tools will be needed in the work? 工作中需要什么工具？
The play is going to be produced on three evenings. 这部剧要三天排出来。
A new hospital is to be built there. 在那要建一家医院。
句子类型：英语句子类型就是基本句型。一般来说有五种基本句型，千变万化的句子都是由他们演变而来的。这五种基本句型是：
1）主语＋(不及物动词)谓语。字母代号为SV(S=subject, V=verb)
在这类句型中，谓语动词后面又是可以不带任何成分，而大多数情况下跟着状语性质的修饰语。作不及物动词谓语的状语，可以是名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、从句等。
例：主语＋不及物动词＋名词
They worked day and night. 他们日夜工作。
主语＋不及物动词＋for引导的介词短语＋动词不定式
The mother waited for her son to come back. 母亲等儿子回家。
It ＋不及物动词seem, happen, appear＋从句
It happened that they were out when we called on them that evening.
我们那天晚上去看望他们时，他们碰巧不在家。
2) 主语＋（及物动词）谓语＋宾语
这类句型中，谓语动词后都要有一个宾语；一些不及物动词加介词构成的短语，性质上是及物的，相当于一个及物动词。可以作及物动词宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。
例：主语＋及物动词＋数词
Who are going to take these three? 谁要拿走这三个？
主语＋及物动词＋不定式
He tried to stand on his head. 他试图倒立。
主语＋及物动词＋动名词
I remember seeing her somewhere before.我记得在哪见过他。
3) 主语＋系动词＋表语
系动词除be外，还有由实义动词转化而来的系动词look, feel, seem, get, keep, last, sound等。可以用作表语的有：名词、名词性物主代词、不定代词、人称代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式（短语)、动名词（短语)、分词(短语)、介词短语、从句。
例：Smith was the boss of the company. 史密斯是一家公司的老板。
Is this book yours? 这本书是你的吗？
It is a big mistake for her to have bought the clothes.她买了那衣服可犯了大错误。
It is a pity that she is out. 很遗憾，她出去了。
4) 主语＋(及物动词)谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（双宾语）
例：主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
He gave me some beautiful pictures. 她给了我一些漂亮的画片。
主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋to引导介词短语
He handed the purse to the teacher. 他把钱包交给了老师。
主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋for引导介词短语
Would you fetch some chalk for me? 你给我取一些粉笔号吗？
5) 主语＋（及物动词）谓语＋宾语＋宾补（复合宾语）
宾语和宾补之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。可以用作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词。
例：主语＋及物动词＋名词、代词＋形容词
We elected him monitor of our class. 我们选他当班长。
主语＋及物动词＋it＋形容词、名词、动名词＋for/of sb＋不定式
I think it foolish of him to believe her. 我认为他相信她是愚蠢的。
这些基本句型都是陈述句、肯定句和主动句，象疑问句、否定句、被动句都是由这些基本句型演变来的，基本句型还可以扩大，有祈使句，感叹句，并列句，复合句，强调句等。
6）there be句型
这是一种表示“存在”的句型。there是引导词，本身没有意义，主语通常在谓语动词be之后，谓语动词be须与主语保持“数 ”的一致。在构成疑问式时，把be提到there前。否定是在动词后加not。
例：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. 明天有会。
There are a lot of books in our school library. 我们学校图书馆有很多书。
There isn’t a doctor in the village. 这个村子没有医生。
Is there anybody here? 这有人吗？
这种结构中的谓语动词有时不用动词be，而用seem to be，happen to be，appear to be等；还可以是live，come，go，stand，lie等动词。
例：There happened to be no one in the room. 碰巧屋子里没有人。
There stands a tall building by the lake. 湖边矗立着一座高楼。
三、课文理解
1. The most obvious difference between the old Olympic Games and the modern Olympics is that ________.
A. people get different prizes today because the sports they take part in are absolutely different.
B. women were not allowed to take part in the games before
C. people now pay more attention to the Olympics
D. many of the sports in the old Olympics were different from what they are now.
2. Which is not included in the text?
A. The Olympic motto.
B. The history of the old Olympic Games
C. The development of the modern Olympic Games.
D. The five Olympic rings stand for the five continents.
3. From the passage we know that ______.
A. the competition between countries to host the Olympics is getting hotter and hotter.
B. more and more countries are less eager to compete in the Olympics
C. the time to host the Olympics will be shorter than four years
D. The Olympic Games will not include diving, gymnastics and also weight-lifting
4. The first Olympic Games in modern times happened about ________years after the old
Olympic Games.
A. two thousand B. one thousand and eight hundred
C. one thousand and five hundred D. one thousand and six hundred
5. From the third paragraph we can infer that________.
A.the modern Olympic Games has quickly been developed since the first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896.
B. the modern Olympic Games have the same events as they did before.
C. no Olympic Games can be more important than the 27th Olympics held in Sydney, Australia.
D. hosting the 27th Olympic Games made Sydney a famous city.
四、语法知识训练(一般将来时的被动语态；句子类型)
Ⅰ. 将下列句子变成被动语态。
1. We will discuss the problem brought forward by Mr. Jefferson late this afternoon.
→_________________________________________________________________.
2. What will we do ?
→_________________________.
3. The guard will stop anyone who tries to enter the hall.
→______________________________________________________.
4. The Chairman will give the prize to the player who scores most points.
→______________________________________________________.
5. We ‘ll throw away those ones we don’t want.
→______________________________________________________.
6. We are going to put up a pigsty here.
→______________________________________________________.
7. They are to open the line to traffic next month.
→______________________________________________________.
8. You will have to finish the work at the end of this month.
→______________________________________________________.
9. He is going to paint the wall green.
→______________________________________________________.
10. They are delivering the new piano this afternoon.
→______________________________________________________.
Ⅱ. 用所给词汇仿照下面例子造句。
例：He will be told about it when he turns up.
11. wake, whenever, up, he, the train, by, pass.
______________________________________________________.
12. clean, the windows, and, wash, floor, the.
______________________________________________________.
13. meet, you, by Mr Cheng, when, there, get, you.
______________________________________________________.
14. before, the seats, begin, the meeting, arrange, in five rows.
______________________________________________________.
15. it, the date, this afternoon, agree on, after, discuss, for the meeting.
______________________________________________________.
Ⅲ. 把下列句子译成英语。
16. 夏天他最喜好的运动是游泳。
_____________________________________________________.
17. 保存书而不看是没有用的。.
______________________________________________________.
18. 王刚跑着进到教室，上气不接下气。
______________________________________________________.
19. 他对学生解释说，那天他病了。
______________________________________________________.
20. 我们会让你看看这是谁的命令。
______________________________________________________.
21. 我认为他放弃学英语真可惜。
______________________________________________________.
22. 你听过用英语唱这首歌吗？
______________________________________________________.
Ⅳ. 句型转换。
23. He put on his raincoat, and left the house.(用分词)
→_____ ______ his raincoat, he left the house.
24. He is not rich enough. He cannot afford a refrigerator.(用不定式)
→ He is not rich enough _______ ________ a refrigerator.
25. He studies day and night. He purposes to pass the joint entrance examination for colleges.
→ He studies day and night ____ ____ ____ pass the joint entrance examination for colleges.
26. The children were cross and hungry. The children came in.
→ ______ and ______, the children came in.
27. His voice shook with emotion. He expressed his heartfelt thanks.
→ ______ ______ ______ ______ with emotion, he expressed his heartfelt thanks..
28. Mary did not go to the movies. She stayed at home.
→ _____ _____going to the movies, Mary stayed at home.
29. The noticed the dog. The dog was coming towards them.
→ They noticed the dog ______ ______ them.
30. How is fire to be made? This is the question first occurring to the mind of a savage.
→ _____ _____ _____ to be made _____ the question first occurring to the mind of savage.
五、综合训练
Ⅰ. 基础知识运用
A. 单项选择
1. I have looked through today’s newspaper but there is ______ in it.
A. nothing specially interesting B. specially interesting nothing
C. nothing special`` interesting D. interesting special nothing
2. ______ the early bus, we used to get up very early.
A. To catch B. So that we could catch
C. So as to catch D. Catching
3. You may take anything useful ________.
A. which you want B. you want it C. what you want D. you want
4. Most of them want to win the medal _______young men compete.
A. in which B. which C. for which D. between which
5. The girl ______I introduced Mary is twenty minutes late.
A. to whom B. for who C. for whom D. to who
6. A goat is a _______animal.
A. grass-eaten B. eaten grass C. to eat grass D. grass-eating
7. It’s well-known that all the athletes will ______medals in the sports meet.
A. fight B. fight for C. fight with D. fight against
8. She prefers ______a term paper rather than take an examination.
A. writing B. to be writing C. to write D. write
9. ---Tom is from England and he doesn’t know Chinese. ----The same _______his sister.
A. as B. with C. to D. for
10. Do you know where the next Olympic Games ________?
A. is to be held B. are to take place C. are to hold D. are to be going to be held
B. 句型转换
11. I like playing basketball better than watching TV.
→ I _______ playing basketball _______ watching TV.
12. Do you do well in your English study?
→ ______ you ______ ______ English?
13. Which sport do you like best?
→ What is ______ ______ sport?
14. We will be preparing to make the 2008 Olympics the best ever games.
→ We will be ______ ______ ______ making the Olympics the best ever games.
15. What is the point of discussing this issue further?
→ Is it ______ ______ ______ this issue further?
C. 用所给词或短语把下列句子译成英语。
16. 字母CCTV代表中国中央电视台。(stand for)
___________________________________________________________________.
17.这次学术会议的东道主由我们学校充当。(host) (academic conference学术会议)
___________________________________________________________________.
18. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。(would rather)
___________________________________________________________________.
19. 所有人都准备好防“非典”。(be prepared against)
___________________________________________________________________.
20. 我希望大家踊跃参加这次运动会。(take part in, join in)
___________________________________________________________________.
Ⅱ. 完形填空 用适当的词将下列短文补充完整，每空一词。
I was very fond of hunting when I was a young man. In the autumn of 1935, I was traveling in the northwest of India. One evening, after __21__in the forest all day, I was returning alone to the place _22__ I had put up my tent. I was tired and hungry. It was getting darker and darker, and I was walking slowly along a narrow path. On my _23__was a wide river; on my left, a thick dark__24__. All of a sudden, I saw two green __25__ looking at me from among the trees. I knew it must be a man-eating tiger. The tiger was getting ready to jump on me.
My heart sank. What could I do? _26__I jump into the river and hope to save my life by swimming? I looked to the right. In the _27__there was a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth wide open. I was so __28__that I shut my eyes. And I thought it would be the end of my life. I heard branches moving as the tiger roared and jumped. Just then I _29__ my eyes. What do you think had happened? The tiger had __30__right over me and now in the jaws of the crocodile.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
Weifang, a kite city, is an old handicraft town located in the middle part of Shandong peninsula in east China. It is the birthplace of Chinese kite with a history of kite flying and manufacturing(.制造) for about 500 years. Weifang kite is famous for its delicately(精致地) selected materials (split bamboo and silk), careful and neat painting, bright colors, exquisite(精致的) framing and mounting(衬) and smooth gliding(流畅的). “Hang up on the wall it's a painting, fly up in the sky it's a kite.” Hand-made and hand-painted, the main kinds of Weifang kite are bird and animal kite. The masterpiece is dragon kite, as the dragon is the symbol of the Chinese nation. Since 1984, the Weifang International Kite Festival has been held annually in this city in April. Traditional Chinese kites from Weifang has become world famous and a must kind for kite-collection, kite festivals and kite exhibitions. As a leading kite manufacturing and distributing company located in Weifang, China, we manufacture huge selections of kites and accessories(附件) such as traditional Chinese kites, sports kites, handles and other kite accessories. Our traditional Chinese kites like butterflys, dragon, eagles, etc., are really value-added art with top quality and competitive price. Our sport kites(stunt kite) framed in fiberglass are also very popular among kitefliers.
根据短文内容判断正误（True or False）
( )31. Weifang is a city in Shandong province, whose kites are the best in the world.
( )32. Weifang is well-known for its dragon kite as the dragon is the symbol of the Chinese nation.
( )33. “Hang up on the wall it’s a painting, fly up in the sky it’s a kite.” Shows that the kites made in Weifang are all painted by famous artists.
( )34. The Weifang International Kite Festival has been held every two years in April.
( )35. The kite manufacturing and distributing company was the only company in weifang.
B
In Europe, men do not usually wear skirts. But the Scottish national clothing for men is a kind of skirt. It is called a kilt. The Scottish like to be different. They are also proud of their country and its history, and they feel that the kilt is part of that history. That’s why the men still wear kilts at traditional (传统的) dances and on national holidays. They believe they are wearing the same clothes that Scottish men always used to wear.
That’s what they believe. However, kilts are not really so old. Before 1703, Scottish men wore a long shirt and blanket around their shoulders. These clothes got in the way when the men started to work in factories. So, in 1730 a factory owner changed the blanket into a skirt: the kilt. That’s how the first kilt was made.
Then, in the late 1700s Scottish soldiers in the British Army began to wear kilts. One reason for this was national sentiment(=feelings): The Scottish soldiers wanted to be different from the English soldiers. The British Army probably had a different reason: A Scottish soldier in a kilt was always easy to find! The Scottish soldiers fought very hard and became famous. The kilt was part of the fame, and in the early 1800s men all around Scotland began to wear kilts.
These kilts had colorful stripes (条纹) going up and down and across. In the 1700s and early 1800s, the color of the stripes had no special meaning. Men sometimes owned kilts in several different colors. But later the colors became important to the Scottish families. By about 1850, most families had special colors for their kilts. For example, men from the Campbell family had kilts with green, yellow and blue stripes. Scottish people often believe that the colors of the kilts are part of their family history. In fact, each family just chose the color they liked best.
This is not the story you will hear today if you are in Scotland. Most Scottish people still believe that kilts are as old as Scotland and that the color are as old as the Scottish families. Sometimes feelings are stronger than facts!
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
36. What is the main idea of the passage?
37. How was the first kilt made?
38. Why did men all around Scotland begin to wear kilts?
39. Why do the colours the kilts have become important to the Scottish families?
40. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
C
Shefielde
Lincoln College of English
Classes for foreign students at all levels.
3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.
Open all year.
Small class (maximum 12 students).
Library, language laboratory and listening center.
Accommodation (住宿) with selected families.
25 minutes from London.
Course fees for English for one year are ￡1,380 with reduction (减少)for shorter periods of study.
41. This passage is probably taken from ________.
A. an advertisement B. a notice
C. a poster D. a piece of news
42. The college is trying to _________.
A. take on English teachers B. introduce itself to the public
C. take in the students who want to get accommodation there
D. take in the students who want to study English there
43. Who are admitted in?
A. Both foreign and native students
B. Only foreign beginners and the advanced
C. Foreign students from beginners to the advanced
D. Only foreign students advanced
44. If you want to study there, you will be accepted ________.
A. in Spring B. in Autumn
C. at the beginning of the year D. whenever you wish to
45. While you stay there, who will take care of you?
A. The school where you study B. The family you have chosen
C. Your classmates D. Your parents
D
Holidays in the United States usually occur(出现) at least once a month. Most months have a national holiday that has been arranged(安排) to be celebrated on a Monday. The holidays have all been decided to be celebrated on a Monday so that the workers may have 3-day weekends---that is, Saturday, Sunday and Monday in order to rest or travel or do things with their families. Major holidays in the United States such as New Year’s Day or Christmas Day or the day, when we remember the first settlers of the United States, called Thanksgiving Day are celebrated all over the country. During these holidays most businesses close and the workers stay home and celebrate with their family.
Vacation can be from two weeks a year to four weeks a year. This usually depends on how long you’ve been working for a company, what type of position you have, whether you have a very high position or a very important position and it’s difficult to find someone to replace you. In this case, you might take a few days at a time rather than taking one month all at once. Usually the more time you spend working for a company, the more time you may get for a vacation.
46. The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have a _______weekend almost once a month.
A. 1-day B. 2-day C. 3-day D. 4-day
47. Workers in the United States sometimes work from_________.
A. Monday to Saturday B. Tuesday to Sunday
C. Thursday to Friday D. Tuesday to Friday
48. Which statement is not true according to this passage?
A. Only a few shops remain open on New Years Day.
B. Most of the workers needn’t work on Christmas Day.
C. Days on vacation must be more than all the holidays in a year.
D. All the workers have a half month vacation at least.
49. The reason why someone has to divide his vacation into several parts is that________.
A. no one can be found to take his place
B. he hasn’t a most high position
C. he plays an important role in his work
D. he hasn’t been working for his company for a long time
50. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. Holidays in the United States.
B. Vacation in the United States.
C. How do the workers spend their holidays.
D. Something about the holidays and vacation in the United States.
Ⅳ. 单句改错
51. Do you have any farther questions? __________
52. Do you know the boy at whom she was talking about a moment ago? __________
53. The Olympic Games are popular with people all over the world __________
and it will be held in Bejing.
54. She likes volleyball better than any sport. __________
55. The gold medal in which the competitors competed was stolen. __________
56. was the year from which Hong Kong returned to its motherland. __________
57. Every second years teams from all over the world take part in the World Cup. __________
58. Sun Xiaojun prefers wrestling than horse riding. __________
59. The teacher prepared for the students for the exams. __________
60. He is tall by height and light in weight. __________
Ⅴ. 书面表达
根据下列所给内容用英语写一篇你的老师的简历。字数要求80左右。
1．姓名：吴静
2．出生：1970. 6. 8
3．籍贯：吉林省长春市
4．参加工作时间：1994，9
5．任教学科：英语
6：工作业绩：
工作认真，授课生动有趣，易懂难忘；对学生既严格又亲切；不断改进教学方法，教学质量高，多次被评为先进教师，受到师生和社会的尊重。
Unit 8 参考答案：
三、课文理解
1－5. BDACA
四、语法知识训练
I.1. The problem brought forward by Mr Jefferson will be discussed late this afternoon.
2. What will be done?
3. Anyone who tries to enter the hall will be stopped by the guard.
4.The prize will be given (by the chairman) to the player who scores most./ The player who scores most will be given the prize (by the chairman)
5.Those ones we don’t want will be thrown away.
6.A pigsty is going to be put up here.
7.The line is to be opened to traffic next month.
8.The work will have to be finished at the end of this month.
9.The wall is going to be painted green.
10.The new piano is being delivered this afternoon.
II.
11. He will be woken up whenever the train passes by.
The windows will be cleaned and the floor (will be)washed.
You will be met by Mr. Cheng when you get there
The seats will be arranged in five rows before the meeting begins.
The date for the meeting will be agreed on after we discuss it this afternoon.
III.
16. Her favourite sport in summer is swimming.
It is no use/useless keeping books without reading them.
Wang Gang came running into the classroom, quite out of breath.
He explained to his students that he was ill that day.
We’ll show you whose order it is.
I consider it a pity that he has given up studying English.
Have you ever heard this song sung in English?
IV.
23. Putting on 24. to afford 25. in order to 26. Cross and hungry 27.With his voice shaking 28. Instead of 29. coming towards 30. How fire is, is
五、综合训练
I. 基础知识运用
A: 1－5 AADCA 6－10 DBCBB
B. 11. prefer, to 12. Are, good at 13.your favourite 14. in preparation for
15. any use discussing
C: 16. The letters CCTV stand for China Central Television.
17. Tahe academic conference was hosted by our university.
18. Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next week.
19. All the citizens/people have been prepared against the disaster.
20. I wish every one of us to take an active part in/to join actively in the sports meeting.
( I hope that every one of us will take…)
II. 完形填空
21. hunting 22. where 23. right 24. forest 25. eyes
26. Should 27. river 28. frightened 29. opened 30. jumped
III. 阅读理解
A: 31.T 32. F 33. F 34. F 35. F
B. 36. Scottish kilts.
37. The first kilt was made by a factory owner from the blanket the workers wore.
38. Because the Scottish soldiers became famous for their brave fighting and the kilt was partly a symbol of the fame.
39. Because most families have special colours for their kilts and they believe that the colours are as old as their families.
40. We can infer that the Scottish prefer to keep their tradition rather than believe the facts.
C. 41－45 ADCDB
46－50 CDDAD
IV. 单句改错：
51. farther改为further 52. 去掉at 53. it改为they 54. any后加other
55. in改为for 56. from改为in 57. second改为two或years改为year
58. than改为to 59. 去掉for 60. by改为in
V. 书面表达
Wu Jing’s Profile
Born: June 8, 1970 in Changchun, Jilin Province
began to work: September of 1994
profession: English teacher
Ms. Wu is always strict in her work. She has a strange way of making her classes lively and interesting and the lessons she teaches are easy to understand and unforgettable. She is not only strict with her students but also kind to them.
She keeps trying new ways to improve her teaching methods, and the teaching quality rises year by year. So she has been given the title of advanced teacher for many times. She is greatly loved and respected by the people both in school and in society.
篇6：人教版 高二教案学案一体化unit 7
Unit 7 Living with disease
类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目
话
题 1．Talking about medicine and health
，Ta1king about deadly diseases and attitudes towards them
词
汇
quiz false virus via blood prevention persuade defenceless illness treatment unprotected sex lack proper available discourage cheer network specialist meaningful fierce stranger cell radiation strength recover fighter contrary
1ive with die of cheer(…)up suffer from on the contrary for the moment free from
功
能
1．支持或反对意见、观点(Supporting and challenging an opinion)
I think that…，because…
First，…
One reason is that…
For example，…
If we／they were to…，we／they could…
Perhaps．but what if／about…?
Have you thought about…?
What makes you think that…?
Could you please explain…?
If I were you，I ould…
2．描述虚拟情景(Describing imaginary situations)
If 1 were you，1 would…
1 wish… 。
If we were to…，we／they could…
……as if…..
语
法
虚拟语气(1)
用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而只一种愿望、假设、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等,用虚拟语气.
例如：
If I were not so busy now，1 would go with you
1 wish I cou ld remember more about my mum
If we didn’t know how HIV spreads，we would easily get AIDS
教学目的和要求(Teaching aims and demands)
LISTENING -TEXT:(课文中)
The Disease Detective
Jane is one of the experts at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. People at the Center study how diseases start and spread and, as the name shows, try to control and prevent diseases. We asked Jane about her work.
J = Jane; I = Interviewer
Part 1
J: Well, I have to be a detective: I go to a place where a disease has broken out and I look for clues about the disease. I try to find as much information as I can about what happened. Who is sick? What are the signs--- do they have a fever, a headache or a sore throat? When did they get sick? When I have collected the information, I use it to find out what caused the problem. We can use what we learn to prevent others from getting sick.Jane and other disease detectives at the Center do their jobs in different ways. Some detectives work in laboratories where they examine tests and samples. Others travel to towns or villages where there are diseases and talk to people who are sick. All of the experts at the Center know that their work is important. If they do their jobs well, they will save lives.
Part 2
I: How often do you actually go to places where a new disease has broken out?
J:Oh, it happens every now and then. Probably about every three months or so.
I.How do you find out about new diseases?
J: We will usually hear from doctors and hospitals. If they notice anything strange, they will give us a call and ask for help. If we think it is necessary, we'll go to the place where people are getting sick.
I: Aren't you afraid of catching the diseases you are studying?
J: Well, yes, sometimes. But we are always very careful. If you know what you are doing, you can protect yourself. Besides, I'm more afraid of what might happen if we don't find out what kind of disease it is.
I: What can ordinary people do to protect themselves?
J: The best thing you can do is simplyto wash your hands often and try to avoid crowded places. Wearing a mask over your face may help, but it is probably not .necessary unless you are caring for a sick person.It is also important to see a doctor if you get sick,so that you don't spread a disease without knowing it.
Answers to Part 1:
1 They are trying to control and prevent diseases.
2 Jane usually asks people if they have a fever, headache or sore throat. She also asks when they got sick.
3 She usesthe information she collects to f'md out what caused the disease.
4 Some detectives work in a laboratory, and others,like Jane, travel to areas where a disease has broken out to collect information.
Answers to Part 2:
1 Sample notes:
a. goes out about every 3 months
b.finds out about new diseases from doctors and hospitals
c.sometimes visits areas
d.sometimes afraid but always careful
e. you can protect yourselves by washing hands & not going to crowded places; see a doctor if you're sick
2 Various answers are possible. The answers should reflect the students' understanding of what they have heard on the tape, eg the basic process (collecting information and using it to find the causes of the disease).
LISTENING TEXT(课后)
K = Ken; W = Dr Watts
Part 1
K: Hello, Dr Watts. Thank you for letting me interview you.
'W: You're welcome. Now, what would you like to know?
K: Well, my first question is about the name of the disease. What does AIDS stand for?
W: When we talk about AIDS, we often use the term HIV/AIDS. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. AIDS stands for “Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome”.
K: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. OK, got it.But I'm not sure I understand what it means.
W: Well, to “acquire” something is to get something, so “acquired” means that you can get infected with the disease. “Immune” comes from “immune system”,the system that protects our body from diseases. .
K: So “acquired immune” tells us that this is a disease that we can get from other people and that has something to do with our immune system. What exactly does AIDS d~ to our immune system?
W: That's what the next word tells us. If something is“deficient”, it means that it isn't functioning pnoperly, it isn't working the way it should. So “acquired immune deficiency' means that even though we wene born with a good immune system, wehave nowgot a disease that bneaks down the immune system.
K: Wow, that's terrible! So what happens when someone'simmune system doesn't work?
W: Well, to put it simply, he or she gets sick a lot. The last word in AIDS, ”syndrome“, means all the bad things that happen to your body when the immune system doesn't work.
Part 2
People who die of AIDS actually don't die of AIDS. When a person infected with HIV develops AIDS, he or she easily gets sick. A person with AIDS has a very weak immune system. Many common diseases can be cured in patients whose immune system functions well, but when they enter the body of a person with AIDS, they can kill him or her. Many AIDS patients die of infections or serious colds, but there are also many diseases that we have never heard of. If your immune system is working,they may not be able to do any harm, but because the immune system has been weakened, the diseases can't be cured. They. will grow stronger and stronger until one day they kill the patient with AIDS. Therefore, much of the treatment an AIDS patient receives is meant to help the body defend itself against diseases.
Answers to Part 1”
1A = Acquired I = Immune D =Deficiency S = Syndrome
2 1) Acquired means that you get. something from someone.In “AIDS”, it means that AIDS is a disease that we get from other people.
2) The immune system protects the body from diseases.
3) AIDS breaks down the immune system.
4) People can become infected with HIV / AIDS through blood transfusions, unprotected sex and childbirth.
5) We should learn more about the disease and avoid unsafe practices.
5) We can ask doctors and nurses to tell us about the disease and we can read about the disease in books and on the Internet.
Answers to Part 2:
1 When a person infected with HIV (develops) AIDS,he or she easily gets (sick).
2 A person with AIDS has a very (weak immune system).
3 Many AIDS patients die from (infections ) or serious colds, but there are many diseases that we have never (heard ) of.
4 Therefore, much of the (treatment) an AIDS patient receives is meant to help the body (defend itself) against diseases.
阅读本单元对话与课文，完成下列各题：
§1．1细枝末节
(Passage 1)
I-Which of the following is true?
A．People will die iromediately after they get AIDS．
B．HIV spreeds only through blood．
C．Xiaohua was three when her mother died．
D．AIDS is a disease that breaks down the hody’s immune system and leaves a person defense against infections and illnesses．
2 Which of the following is NOT true?
A．In ，3．2 million children in the world were infected with HIV．
B．The disease is spreeding faster in America and Parts of Asia
C．Xiaohua knows she will die before she can grow up．
D. Xiaohua wants to be a doctor to help AIDS patients．
3 What are the means of being infected with AIDS?
A．Through b1ood and other body liquids．
B．By having unprotected sex．
C．Through birth．
D．All of the above．
(Passage 2)
4 Which of the following is true?
A． On that Thursday afternoon，I knew I got cancer．
B． Cance can be treated.
C．Doctors know why some people get cancer．
D．Cancer can be caused by injury．
5 Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Whan I heard I got cancer，I thought my life was going to end．
B．If one gets cancer,cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time．
C． All the people who got cancer will be treated with radiation.
D After 2 years’treatment，I changed my mind towards cancer.
6 How did“I”feel when I heard the news?
A．Sad． B．0ptimistic．C．Empty． D．Nothing serious．
§1．2主旨大意
7 Passage 1 mainly tells us--．
A．how terrible AIDS is B．how misarable Xiaohua is
C．what we should do towards AIDS and AIDS patiants
D．how to help Xiaohua
8 Passage 2 mainly tells us-．
A．how“I”got cancer．
B what cancer is.
C．how I came through the shade of cancer
D． how my friends help me
§1．3推理判断
9 From Passage 1,we can infer that___________
A．we should aoid any contact with AIDS patiants
B．Xiaohua wants to givea hug to an AIDS patient
C Xiaohua’s life won’t be as 1ong as her classmates’so sh is unhappy
D．people should try to know about AIDS.
10 What can we get from Passage2?
A．I loved my mother．
B．The cancer can be defeated if only we can fight with it．
C．Cancer does not spreed from one person to another．
D．“I’’plan to live a long life
知识点
1．persuade vt.说服；劝服；使相信
A persuade sb．to do sth．
或persuade sb．into doing sth说服某人干某事
B persuade sb. out of(doing) sth.=persuade sb. not to do sth.“说服某人不做某事”，
C persuade sb．of sth./that从句这一结构。使某人相信某事
He persuaded her to go(或into going)with him．
他说服了她和他-起去。(结果她和他一块去了。)
I persuaded him to give up smoking．=I persuaded him out of smoking．
我说服了他戒烟。(结果他戒烟了。)
I have never persuaded him to take the job．
=Many times I tried to persuade him to take the job，but I didn’t succeed／but I failed to．
我始终没说服他接受这份工作。(我想说服他接受这份工作，但他不听。)
I persuaded him of its truth./ that it was true.我使他相信这是真的。
He persuaded me that death does not end all．
他说服了我，使我相信死并不能使-切都结束。
◇[考题1](1)He was a heavy smoker一--him to give up smoking but he just wouldn’t listen to me．
A．suggested B．tried to persuade C．persuaded D．managed
[解析] 如果说而不服或劝而不服，则不能用persuade，因为这时说服则成了一种愿望或企图，所以应用try to persuade或advise等别的词不能说I persuaded him to do it, but he wouldn’t．因为I persuaded him to do it．已经表示了“说服了他做那事”，因此前句与后句在意思上相互矛盾了。应说I tried to persuade him to do it but he wouldn’t或I advised him to do it but he wouldn’t．而suggest后面不可接复合不定式；manage to d sth．表示“成功地做成某事”。[答案] B
(2)The fire in the hotel broke out at midnight and spread quickly，but every one--to escape from being burned or killed．
A．was able to B．tried C．failed D．succeeded to
[解析] 前半句句意表示旅馆发生了大火。从句中的转折连词.but可知，每个人都逃脱出来了。而B、c表示未能逃出，不合题意。 D项应用succeed in doing sth．表达才对。[答案]A
2 lack，v&n缺乏；不足
lacking adj.不够的 欠缺的
A, a lack of 缺少,不足 have no lack of 不缺乏,for lack of 因为缺乏
B vt. lack sth.缺…….
C be lacking in 缺乏(品质,特点)
I lacked the courage to do it． 我缺乏做那件事的勇气。
I 1ack words with which to express my thanks．
我缺乏用以表达感谢的话语。
Good food is lacking． 精美的食物很匮乏。
He is not lacking in wisdom． 他并不缺乏聪明才智。
The meeting ended because of 1ack of order．
因为秩序混乱，会议中止了。
◇[考题2] (1)Though --money，his parents managed to send him to university．(上海高考题)
A．1acked B．1acking of C．1acking D．1acked in
[解析]1ack是个及物动词，后面带有宾语“钱”，又因“父母”与“缺乏”之间存在主谓关系，所以此题要用表示主动含义的lacking作状语。若选B，则要把of改为in。[答案] C
(2)I’m sorry．We’re--．that kind of trousers．would you come back next week?
A．short B．1acking C．in need D．short of
[解析] 在表示“短缺，需要”时，可用be short of、be lacking in、in need(of)等表示。[答案] D
3 proper adj.恰当的；正确的；自己的；本身 (后置)；大，狠
properly adv．正确地；恰当地；严格地；完全地(口语中)
1 want to go on with my work under proper conditions.．
我想在恰当的条件下继续我的工作。
Please go to your proper seats．请回到各自的位子上去。
Shellish are not among the fishes proper.
有壳的水生动物本身就不是鱼类。
◇[考题3] (1)I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog--．(上海高考题)
A．correctly B．properly C．exactly D．actively ．
[解析] 四个选项的含义分别为：正确地，影恰当地，精确地和积极地。从语境看，“我认为彼得并不太小而以致于不会…一一地照看那只宠物狗”，只有用“合适地、恰当地”才最符合题意。[答案] B
(2)It was late．He wondered whether it would be ____to knock at the door of her room．
A．proper B．better C．interesting D．disappointed
[解析] 句意表示“夜深了，他想知道敲她的门是否--”B项中没有必要用比较级，C、D两项与句意均不符。proper“合适。恰当”最合题意。[答案]A
4．discourage vt.使人丧失勇气；妨碍
A discourage sb.
The hardship she faced discouraged her．她面临的艰难使她泄气
B 常用于被动语态, be/get discouraged
They got discouraged and went home．他们泄气了，回家了。
C discourage sb.from doingsth. 劝某人打消做某事的念头,阻止某人做某事
His mother discouraged him from joining the navy，saying it was a hard life,but he refused to be discouraged．
他的母亲阻止他参加海军，说它是一种很艰苦的生活，但他拒绝被劝阻。
D discouraging adj.令人泄气的,使人灰心的
The examination result is discouraging.
[考题4] It's very--that every time I try to ride a bicycle，I fell off． ’
A.discouraged B．discouraging
C．discouragement D．being discouraged
[解析】 A、B、c三项是discourage的派生词，分别表示“沮丧的、令人沮丧的、失望(沮丧)”。D项表示“正在被打击”，不合语境。因为主语是that引导的主语从句，所以作表语要用“使人沮丧的”。[答案] B
5．on the contrary(与此)相反的是
You weren't boring me．On the contrary．you're interesting me．
你并没有使我厌倦。相反的是，你使我十分感兴趣。
一Have you nearly done?一你差不多快完成了吗?
--On the contrary，I have only just begun．一恰恰相反，我才刚刚开始。
I did not go to London，on the contrary 1 went to Paris．
我没去伦敦，而是去了巴黎。
contrary adj.相反的,相对的,逆向的,对抗的。
in contrary directions 朝相反的方向,be contrary to rules 违规的
◇[考题5] (1)一He's no use at a11．- ---，I have found him a great deal of use．
A．Generally speaking B．Believe it or not
C．First of all D．On the contrary
[解析] 上文的no use与下文的a great deal of use在语意上完全相反，所以插入语的含义应该是“相反的是”才对。[答案] D
(2)We are told that“hot”and“cold”are_____ terms．
A．contrary B．similar C．same D．different
[解析] 句意表示“冷和热是一对反义词”，所缺形容词表示“相反的”，类似于opposite。[答案]A
6． against prep．反对；对立；迎着；预防；在…情况／背景下
He was standing，ho1ding onto a tree that grew against the wall．
他站在那儿，紧紧抓住一棵靠墙长着的一棵树。
Put the piano against the wall，please．请把钢琴靠墙放。
Political leaders fought against slavery．政治领导人与奴隶制度作斗争。
Is he for or against my plan?对于我的计划他是赞成还是反对?
What you have done is against the law.你所做的事情是违背法律的。
◇[考题6](1)Because we were sailing--the wind，we had great diffculty in getting to the opposite bank．
A．with B．against C．by D．at
[解析]从语境看，我们费了极大的困难才达到了彼岸，所以是“逆风而行”才会如此。with the wind表示“顺风而行”。没有其他两种搭配。
[答案] B
(2)You'd better put away some money for old age．That is to say．to save money--a rainy day．
A．by B．before C．at D．against
[解析] a rainy day表示“有难的日子”，所以本题表示“为以后需要的日子作准备。”against此处可以作此用法，表示“预备；防备；准备….时用”。答案为D。
7．available adj．可利用的。可达到的。有效的
My study is availabIe． !我的书房可供使用。
The drugs that are available are mach too expensive.那些有效的药物价格太高。
That man is not available for the job；he has other work．
那个人不能做这项工作，因为他有其他的工作
◇[考题7]一I’d like a table for six．
一Sorry，Sir，but we don't have any tables--right now．
A．usable B．suitable C．comfortable D．available
[解析] “usab1e”意为“能用的”，使用对象多为工具等；
“suitable”强调合适，“comfortable”强调舒适，均不合题意。题干给予信息为：可我们现在却没有任何桌位空缺。[答案] D。
8． cheer与cheer up的用法
(1)cheervt.，意为“鼓舞…‘给予信心”“为……欢呼，喝采”。
The news cheered everyone of us．
这消息使我们人人都高兴。
The boys cheered their football team．
男孩子向他们的足球队欢呼加油。
(2)cheer n.，是可数名词，意为“赞扬声…‘鼓励声”，作不可数名词时，意为“欢乐感”。干杯,谢谢,(英语电话中)再见.
Her performance drew cheers．她的表演赢得一片喝彩声。
The boy was moved by the words of cheer．
鼓舞人心的话令这个男孩感动。
(3)cheer up(使)高兴起来。cheer sb.up
Cheer up!Things are not as bad as they seem．
乐观一点!事物并不像看上去那么糟。
[考题8] (1)It--the old woman to have her young neighbour
visit her．Even she was very happy for a whole day．
A．cheered B．bored C．troubled D．comforted
[解析] 句意为“老太太的年轻邻居来访，使她很高兴，甚至为此她高兴了整天。”B、C选项中“麻烦”让人生厌“等意思显然不合题意。D选项意为“安慰”，A选项意为“使……高兴”。相比之下，A项更符合语境。[答案]A
(2)He is--in his mind，so he is popular with us．
A．cheerful B．merry C．glad D．joyful
[解析] 句意为“他天性乐观，因此在我们当中大受欢迎。”cheerful多指人天性乐观，在任何情况下保持欣然的样子；merry多指在节日或其他热闹表现出来的快乐情绪；glad指由于某一特定事物或原 因而使人们的心理产生暂时的喜悦；joyful指由于某特别的事件或情景而产生的喜悦心情。本句中主要指一种天性的乐观，所以只有A项是正的。 [答案] A
9. suffer v 受苦；遭受(损失等)；忍受
suffer for表示因某事而受罚，suffer from表示患病等。
The iniured man was still suffering．
那位受伤的男子还正承受着折磨。
He’11 suffer for his foolery、他将会因自己蠢行受罚。
The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake．
这个城市因地震而遭到严重破坏。
She suffered from the strange disease．她承受着怪病的煎熬。
[考题9]--such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river．(全国高考题)
A．Having suffered B．Suffering C．To suffer D．Suffered
[解析] 本题考察分词短语作状语的用法。分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子主语，而本句主语看似为it，实际it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式，而不定式前应视为省略其逻辑主语for people。这样一来就清楚了，应用现在分词，再依据already的提示，应用完成时态。，所以用Having suffered。[答案]A
10．meaningful adj.意味深长的。富有意义的
Without working．the life isn't meaningful．
不工作的人生是没有意义的。
It is meaningful to sovle the diffculty．解决这个难点很有意义。
I hope to live a meaningfu1 life．我希望过一种有意义的生活。
[考题10]一Tom，P1ease don't watch too much TV．It's a waste of time．Hcw about doing something--instead?
一OK，mum，I’ll turn off it right now．
A．comfortable B．interesting C．meaningful D．good
[解析]根据语境分析，填meaningful较恰当；A、B两项不合题意，D项太抽象，而且不地道，因为看电视也是一种娱乐，有趣舒适， 但没有太大意义。[答案] C
11．fierce adj．凶猛的，猛烈的，强烈的
Oh! What a fieree tiger! 哇!多么凶猛的老虎!
There was a fierce storm last night．昨晚有一场暴风雨。
With a fierce effort,her maths has been greatly improved．
凭借拼命的努力，她的数学有了很大进步。
◇[考题1 1] In the history of chinese revolutionary，Taierzhuang
Battle was a--bame in which both sides suffered heavy losses．
A．fierce B．strong C．hot D．peaceful
[解析] 句意为“在中国革命史上，台儿庄战役是一场双方损失惨重的激烈的战斗。”strong表示“强壮的”，hot表示“因火热而激烈的”，均不用于形容战争。D项语义相反。[答案] A
12．recover vt.．恢复；挽回；补救；复原
He was reeovering what was lost．他正在寻找失物。
His health was recoverd．他恢复了健康。
The businessman tried to recover his losses．那位商人试图弥补他的损失。
Trade soon recovered from the efforts of the wars．
贸易摆脱了战争的影响而很快复苏了。
◇[考题12] The team--its lead in the second half．
A．recovered B．restored C．recuperated D．remained
[解析]recover sth．from sb．／sth’．重新获得时间、金钱、地位。句意为“该队在下半场重新领先。”restore侧重于用他力恢复原状：recuperate侧重从疲劳、疾病、损失中恢复。f答案] A
13．free from不受……的影响,免于…;免除…..,摆脱…..
She was free from all blame for the accident.
那次事故完全不能怪她。
It was once a beautiful city free from pollution.
过去这是一个美丽无污染城市。
I freed the bird from the cage.我把笼子里的那只鸟放出来了.
注:free of 无……的,摆脱……的
This booklet is free of charge.这本小册子是免费.
◇[考题13]一What about the protection?
--Let’s keep the surface--dirty by putting a cover over it．
A．far from B．free from C．apart from D．away from
[解析] A项意为“相距较远”，c项意为‘‘离开”，D项意为离开,与题干中用遮盖物来避免灰尘影响这一信息搭配不佳。[答案] B
14．disease ,illness与sickness的区别
disease是泛指任何疾病，全身的或个别器官的、任何原因引起的，尤指传染病或诸如心脏病、癌症等严重疾病。可用于比喻义，可用作可数名词和不可数名词;i11ness是一般用词、泛指 一切疾病，多指生病的状态和有病期间，无沦长短或轻重，比较正式,常作可数名词.
He has a history of heart disease．他有心脏病史。
He’s suffering from a serious illness．他生了一场大病.
◇[考题14] Violent crime is one of the most serious___of moder society．
A．illnesses Bdiseases C．sickness D．pains
[解析] 本题测试“疾病”的同义词辨析问题。sickness是一般用词，基本与illness同义，多抽象地指疾病和患病期间，还可指晕船、恶心、呕吐等，常用作单数形式。本题中使用一种比喻义，表示“痼疾”。又如：
Rough seas caused mach sickness among the passengers．
汹涌的海浪使许多旅客都呕吐了。[答案] B
15. as if 的两种用法
(1) as if引起从句作状语或表语(常放在act ,look ,sound ,smell,feel等后)从句中的动词一般用虚拟语气，有时也用自然语气。
He acted as if nobody was around.他旁若无人。
I’ve loved you as if you were my son．
我爱你，就像你是我儿子一样。
It’s cloudy．It looks as if it is going to rain．
天阴沉沉的。看起来像要下雨。
(2)当从句主语同句子主语一致，从句谓语动词中又包含动词be时，这个主语和be可省略。
He paused as if(he was)expecting me to speak．
他停了一下好像在等我
◇[考题15] when a pencil is partly in a class of water，it looks as if--．(全国高考题)
A．breaks B．has broken C．were bIloken D．had been broken
[解析] 句意为“当铅笔的一部分放在水中时，它看起来断了。”
实际上，我们知道，铅笔根本未断，这个现象是光的折射造成的。因此 as if后面的从句要用虚拟语气动词形式；但D项表示的动作过去发生．不符合题意。[答案] C。
16．现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示最近发生的、对现在产生结果的动作和情况，但是二者的重要区别是：现在完成进行时着意于动作或情况的本身，把它看作是一种继续的、延续的活动(不一定是结束了的)，而现在完成时则更看重动作的完成和目前产生的结果。试比较：
I must have a bath．I’ve been gardening all afternoon．
我一定得洗个澡，整个下午我都在花园里干活。(着意于继续不断的活动)
I’ve planted a lot of new rose bushes
我已经种了许多丛玫瑰。(着意于
I’ve been reading your book．
我一直在读你的书。(着意于继续不断努力)
I’ve read your book．我读过了你的书。(着意于完成)
◇[考题16]
(1)一Hi，Tracy，you look tired．
--I am tired．I--the living room all day．(全国高考题)
A．painted B．had painted
C．have been painting D．have painted
[解析] 从句末的时间状语是表示一段时间的all day来看，我油漆起居室工作一直在进行，甚至在说话时以及以后仍有可能继续，所以应使用现在完成进行时来表示。[答案] C
(2)Often，when he--something that--him，he wasted his time drawing 1ittle pictures．(大连八中双基测试题)
A．should be doing；gave B．should have been doing was given
C．should do；was given D．should have been doing；had given
[解析】 第二空要用被动式，所以A、D两项被排除；从、wasted可知“他理应做事”发生在过去，因此应该用should have been doing表示。[答案] B
17．imagine，appreciate的用法及其他
(1)imagine与appreeiate后面接动词时，要接v-ing形式。
Can you imagne living without electricity?
你能想象没有电的生活吗?
Mary can’t imagine(her)marrying a man of that sort
玛丽难以想象(她)嫁给那种男人后的情形。
I greatly appreciate your helping me．我非常感谢你帮了我的忙。
(2)常见的只能接v一ing形式作宾语的词或词组有：raind，enjoy，imagine，miss，escape，insist on，be worth，be used to，understand，can’t help，consider(考虑)，avoid，finish，devote．．．to，look forward to等
◇[考题17]
(1)she looks forward every spring to--the flowerlined garden．(上海高考题)
A．visit B．paying a visit C．walk in D．walking in
(2)The time he has devoted in the past ten years--the disabled is now considered--of great value．(南京质检题)
A．to help；being B．to helping；to be
C．help；to be D．helping；being
[解析] (1)1ook forward to中的to为介词，因此它后面的动词应,用v-ing形式。若选B，则a visit后要加to。(2)第一空测试devote．．to的用法，介词to后用v-ing形式；第二空与consider的用法相关。作“考虑”讲，后接v-ing形式，但本题测试“被当作”用法，后接to be。答案(1)D (2) B
18．修饰可数／不可数名词有哪些词或词组
(1)a great deal of
(2)a large amotmt of 修饰不可数名词
(3)much／little
(4)a great／good many
(5)a numberer of 修饰可数名词
(6)many/few
(7)plenty of 既可修饰
(8)a lot of／lots of 可数名词
(9)a Iarge quantity of／quantities of 又可修饰
(10)a mass of／masses of 不可数名
(11)some／any 词
[考题18]
(1)In the activities，we received--interesting books and magazines．
A. a great number of B．a great deal of
C．a large amount of D．a good plenty of
(2)-the students have been sent to help cut rice on the farm．
A．A good many B.The number of
C．A great many of D．A great deal of
[解析] (1)所修饰的中心名词为可数名词。(2)所修饰的可数名词前多了一个定冠词the，那么本题含义是“这些学生当中的很多学生”。而a good many后直接接复数名词形式，the number of表示“……的数目’’以及D项只修饰不可数名词均被排除。[答案] (1)A (2)C
19．含break的词组小结
break into破门而入；突然……；打断
break out爆发
break down抛锚；坏了；流产、破裂；中断
break up驱散；分开；拆散
break off 折断,突然终止
break away from脱离；改掉
The thieves planned to break into a bank． 强盗们密谋抢银行。
My ear broke down，so 1 was 1ate． 车子坏了，因此我迟到了。
◇[考题19]
A war broke--．To make things worse,my ear broke
--on the way to escape．
A. out；into B．off；up C．down；away D．out；down
[解析]分析句子意思，很明确地看出来‘‘(战争)爆发，，及(车辆)坏了”两个词组的含义。前者用break out(无被动式)，后者用breakdown(无被动式)。[答案]D
20. via 的用法, prep.凭借,通过,经过,经由
He flew to Washington via New York.他搭机由纽约飞往华盛顿.
The programe was telecast live via satellite.
该节目经由卫星以电视现场转播.
I sent a message to Mary via her sister.
He sent me a love letter via airmail
21. take every chance /take a chance/take chances
冒险一试,碰运气,投机
Come on, and take a chance..You may lose,but it’s worth trying.
来,冒险一试,也许你会失败,但值得尝试.
22.to the full/fullest 充分地,尽情地,非常
He lived his life to the full.他尽情地过了一生.
They displayed to the full their talent and wisdom.
他们充分展现了自己的才华和智慧.
We appreciated to the full our teacher’s help.
23 contract vt.
(1) 感染(疾病),染上(恶习),招致(恶果)
My son has contracted pneumonia. 得了肺炎.
contract …..with …与…订合同,承包……
(2) 收缩
Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled.
金属热胀冷缩.
24．deadly及其派生词 ．
deadly是形容词，意为“致命的”、“彻底的”：dead 是形容词，表示“死了的”；die是动词，表示“死”的动作；death是名词，表示某人的“死讯”或死亡这一事件；dying除作为die的现在分词，还可作形容词，意为“垂死的”，“临终的”。
Cancer is deadly disease．癌症是致命疾病。
They sat in deadly silence．他们在死寂中静坐。
His father has been dead for two years．他父亲死了两年了。
The dying man felt painful． 那个快要死的人感到痛苦。 l
◇[考题24] (1)People there soon came to regard the white settlers as their--enemy．
A．deadly B．dying C．dead D．death
[解析]题干信息为“人们很快就将白人定居者视为他们的死敌。选项B、C均不合语境，D项更不可能用作形容词。[答案]A
(2)He was shot--in a gun fight．
A．deadly B．dying C．death D．dead
[解析] 句意为“他在一次枪战中被击毙。”[答案]D
(3)The great musician--for 3 years．
A．died B．was dying C．has been dead D．has died
[解析]for 3 years表示“一段时间”，不可与短暂动词连用。die为短暂动词，dead才为延续性动词。[答案]C
◇[考题25](1)We hadn’t met for20 years but I recognized him--I saw him．
A．for the moment B．for a moment C．the moment D．at the moment
[解析] 句意为“虽然我们已经有二十年没相见了，但我一看到他我就认出了他。”只有the moment是“一…就”的意思，故选C项。
(2)The number is engaged--．Call again later．
A．any moment B．any minute C．of moment D．at the moment
[解析] any moment／minute随时，马上；of moment重要的；at the moment现在；句意为“这个号现在占线，请稍后再拨。”[答案] D
◇[考题26] (1)His wish that he--so many mistakes in yesterday’s examination is understandable．
A．didn’t make B．should not make
C．doesn’t make D．hadn’t made
[解析] wish作动词用后接宾语从句时，谓语用虚拟语气，但它用于“It is/was wished that．．．”结构的主语从句，以及名词wish后面的同位语从句和表语从句中，谓语动词仍须采用以上三种虚拟语气形式。如：
It is wished(=People wish)that he were still alive．
人们希望他还活着。(He is dead．) [答案] D
(2)-the English examination，I--to the pop concert with you now．
A．In spite of；will go B．Because of；would go
C．But for；would go D．As for；went
[解析] 分析句子大意可知，本题是个虚拟语气句子。词组中只有but for(要不是)可以引导；且对现在进行虚拟(句中时间状语为now)。[答案]C
教材课后习题解答j
Textbook Word study 1．(1)infected(2)incurable(3)discouraged(4)defenseless,
2．(1)proper (2)disease (3)lack (4)cheer
(5)persuade(6)cure (7)available (8)prevents
Grammar
1(2)It’s a great pity that she isn’t here with me and we’re sick.
(3)It’s a great pity that people won't find out the facts and act as if I am a bad or dangerous person
(4)It’s a great pity that I am not you，so 1 won’t give an AIDS patient a hug．
(5)It’s a great pity that I don’t have HIV．so 1 won’t know because 1 won’t feel sick．
2(1)1 wish I could have a big birthday cake on my birthday．
(2)1 wish I could go to see the meteor storm with her．
(3)1 wish I had a magic lamp．
3(1)1 wish I could solve my problems．
(2)1 wish you hadn’t been working too hard．
(3)1 wish I could forget the terrible scene．
(4)1 wish we had got enough money．
(5)1 wish the performance would go well．
(6)1 wish I had many friends
4(1)If I had enough money，I would buy these books．
(2)If it were not cold and wet outside,we would leave the children play in the garden．
(3)If I were you，I wouldn’t be wasting so much time to play computer games．
(4)If he didn’t have to work hard all day long，he would have time to do the shopping．
5(1)If I were a famous person for a day,I would make many wise decisions．
(2) If I were invisible for a day，I would visit that secret laboratory．
(3)If I had a lot of money,I would hire a spaceship and go to visit the moon．
(4)If I could change one thing about me，I would make me grow taller. l
(5)If I were the teacher，I would not punish that careless boy．
6．(1)Sarah 1ooks at her husband as if he were a stranger
(2)They are talking as if they were friends．
(3)Mr Hammer speaks to me as if I were a kid．
(4)I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday．
Workbook
Vocabulary
1．(1)C (2)D (3)A (4)B (5)B (6)A (7)C (8)A (9)D (10)C
Grammar
1．(1)were to do (2)wuold call (3)were (4)had
(5)were (6)could go (7)had had (8)would stop
2(1)I would have the same feeling．
(2)t}lat were not true．
(3)1 would follow the doctor's advice／do as the doctor said．
(4)would be／become more anxious．
(5)what my life would be like．
(6)I could live longer to study，play and enjoy life with you／so that I could study with you,play with you and enjoy with you the happiness in life．
单元知识梳理与能力整合
一、重点单词
meaningful virus proper illness radiation deadly heroin boyfriend via discourage liquid fighter imaginary immune identify mosquito cheer contrary infect transfusion billionaire prevention transmit visible stranger
persuade network unprotected sample route defensive weep cell defenseless specialist sex disrupt donation diagnose chemical treatment lack contagious cocaine
二、词汇拓展
1．dead-death(n．)一die(v．)一deadly(adj.)致命的
2．imaginary(adj.)--imagine(v.)---imagination(m)
3．defenseless---defense(n．)一defensive(adj.)一defend(v)
4．discourage---courage(n．)_+encourage(v)
5．meaningful---meaning(n)-+mean(v)
6．prevention---prevent(v)
7．Treatment---treat(v.)
三、重点短语 ．
1．1ive with… 接受或容忍
2．take notes of 作记录
3．miIlions of 几百万的
4．break down 打破；毁掉；坏掉
5．immune system 免疫系统
6．in one's case 至于；就……来说
7．die of 死于
8．not…until 直到……才
9．take care of 照顾；照看
10．the total number of 总数为…… ．
11．a lack of 缺少……
12．much too．．． 非常；太……
13．have a chance to do 有机会做……
14．spend…in doing 花(时间，金钱等)做某事
15．cheer…up (使)感到振奋
16．suffer from 患……病；受…之苦
17．deal with 处理；对付；消除18．find out 查清
19．as if 好像……
20．give sb．a hug 拥抱某人
21take sb．to hospital带某人去住院
22．a great many很多；大量的，极多
23．take samples of 采样
24．go to end 完结，结束
25．at the wrong time 在错误的时候
26 on the contrary 相反地
27 keep sb．from doing 阻止……做某事
28．to the fullest 完美
29．belong to 属于 3
0．be afraid of 害怕
31．know about 了解
32．take a chance 利用机会，碰碰运气
四、句型与交际
1．I think that…-because…
2．First．…
3．One reason is that…
4．For example…．
5．If we／they were to．．．．we／they could．．．
6．Perhaps，but what if/about…?
7．Have you thought about…?
8．What makes you think that…?
9．Could you please explain…?
10．If I were you．I would．．．
11．after having(been)done
12．1 wish I could remember…
13…．there is(no)reason why-clause．
14．I remember having an empty feeling…
15．first…then．．．
五、语法：as if及wish引导的虚拟语气
1.as if 引导的虚拟语气
时态 从句
对过去进行虚拟 (as if)+主语+had done
对现在进行虚拟 (as if)+主语+did／were／was
对将来进行虚拟 (as if)+主语+would／could do sth．
2 wish引导的虚拟语气
时态 从句
对过去进行虚拟 (wish)+主语+had done
对现在进行虚拟 (wish)+主语+did／were
对将来进行虚拟 (wish)+主语+would／could do
高考题剖析
[例1]Taking a plane is the qulekest--to get to Tibet．
A．mode B．manner C．means D．method
[解析] 句意为“乘坐飞机去西藏是最快的方法。”四个选项及与way都可表示“方式，方法”.means指整套的方法或使用某些工具、材料、交通工具等；mode指习俗或爱好所养成的思考、行为、说话、协作等方面的习惯方式；manner指个人特殊的行事或处理问题的方法；method指具体、系统有步骤的方法，强调理性及高效率；way为常用语，既可指具体方法。又可指抽象方法；既可指一般的方法，又可指个人独特的方式。[答案] C
[例2] (安徽春季高考)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if--whether he was going in the right direction．
A．seeing B．having seen C．to have seen D．to see
[解析] 表题考查as if引导的表语从句中的省略用法。此句中从句与主句的主语一致，从句中主语及动词be可省略。句意为“我们跟踪的那个男人，突然停下来，看上去好像是去判断是否走对了方向．．”由题意得知，他停下来的目的好像是为了辨别是否走对了方向，故用动词不定式。C项虽然也是动词不定式，但它表示的是已完成的动作，不合题意；A、B两项是现在分词表示正在进行的动作，显然不合语境。试比较：From time to time he turned round as though (he were /was ) searching for someone.
[例3] (20上海高考)Words______ me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the buming house．
A．failed B．1eft C discouraged D disappointed
[解析] 句意为“当我想表达对他从失火的房子里救出我儿子的谢意时,我却说不出话来。”fail处意为“缺少，缺乏”，words failed me意为“我说也说不出来”，或译为“我找不到适当言辞”。leave'‘留下”，后常双宾语；discourage是本单元学习的一个单词。意为“使气馁，使沮丧”；disappoint”使失望”。
[例4] (20上海高考)As a result of destroying the forests a large__________of desert covered the land.
A．number；has B．quantity；has
Cnumber have D. quantity ,have
[解析] 本题考查固定搭配及主谓一致。因desert为不可数名词，故不能用a large number of(因其后要跟可数名词复数.)因本题的主语是单数,故谓动用has.
例5 ---Shall I buy the house?
-----If I ____you,I ______buy it.
A．were；wouldn’t B．were；won't
C．am；wouldn't D．was；mustn't
[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的应用.注意辨别if引导的真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别。答案 A
[例6 Wang Fang--to co1lege last year．unfortunately，she couldn’t take the examinations because of a sudden illness.
A．could go B．did go
C. could have gone D. must have gone
[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气。首先应明确could go与could have gone所表示的时间概念。该题常错选A项或D项。情态动词(should，could ,might，ought)+不定式的完成式．表示“过去本应该(本可以……)做某件事，而实际上并未做”的含义。情态动词could+动词原形，表示“过去将要去做”或“过去能做的事”。must+动词不定式的完成式，表示“一定做过了”。句意为“王芳去年本可以上大学，不幸的是，因一场突然的病,她未能参加考试.答案 C
7．(年福建高考题)
一How do you--we go to Beijing for our holidays?
-I think we'd better fly there．It's much more comfortable．
A．insist B．want C．suppose D．suggest
[解析] 从We go可知中间省略了should，四个动词中除D项外A项也有此用法，但语义不对。答案 D
8．(20全国高考题)News reports say peace talks between the
two countries--with no agreement reached．
A．have broken down B．have broken out
C．have broken in D．have broken up
[解析]从语境看，所缺词组的含义应为“(谈判、计划等)破裂：流产”。
[答案]A
9．(年上海高考题)The young dancers 1ooked so channing in their beautiful clothes that we took--pictures of them．
A．many of B．masses of
C．the number of D．a large amount of
[解析]picture为可数名词，所以应由修饰可数名词的词组来修饰，而masses of(=a mass of)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。A项中of多余，C项不合题意，D项只修饰不可数名词。[答案] B
10．(年上海高考题)I really appreciate--to relax with you on this nice island．
A．to have had time B．having time
C．to have time D．to having time
[解析]appreciate后接动名词作宾语。这句话的意思是“我真的喜欢和你一起在这个迷人的小岛上放松一下。”答案] B
11．(2001年上海春季高考题)Mr．Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to--some schoo1s for poor children．
A．set up B．setting up C．have set up D．having set up
[解析] to devote sth．to后接动名词作宾语。实际上，all he had作devoted的宾语，是一个宾语从句。这句话的意思是“利德先生决定用自己所有的一切为贫困儿童建造几所学校。”[答案] B
12．(上海高考题)While shopping，people sometimes can’t help--into buying something they don’t really need．
A．to persuade B．persuading
C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
[解析]can’t help doi趣stll．表示“情不自禁地做桌事”，又因为此处people与persuade之间存在动宾关系，所以persuade应用被动式，所以可以排除A、B、D三个选项。[答案] C
13．(上海高考题)Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat，the earth at night--，too cold for us to live．
A．would be freezing cold B．will be freezing coldly
C．would be frozen co1d D．can freeze coldly
[解析] 此题涉及常识，大家都知道，事实上地球上空气是存在的，所以本题应用虚拟语气。另外，freezing在这里是very的意思，所以C对。
改错：
Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible of 56--
you to answer．My dentist had just pulled one of 57--．
my tooth and had told me to have a rest for a while．I 58--
managed to say something，but my mouth was full of 59--
cotton wool。He knew I collected match boxes and asked 60--
me whether my collection was grown．He then asked me 6l-
how my brother was and I liked my new job in London． 62--
In answer to these questions，I either nodded nor made 63．--
strange noises．When the dentist at last removed off 64．--
the cotton wool from my mouth，I am able to tell him
that he had pulled out the wrong tooth． 65--
答案:56 of---for 57 pull后加out pull out 为拔出,58 tooth---teeth 59 magaged---tried 60 .√ 61.grown 改为growing.这里不应用被动,而是表示过去进行时态. 62. I 前加whether/if. 询问我 “是否”喜欢在伦敦的新工作. 63.nor 改为 or. either… or 为固定结构.64.去掉 off .remove 是及物动词. 65.am --- was
单 元 检 测 题
一. 单项填空
1 He is used to collective life and feels--whan he is left--．
A．1onely；lonely B alone；alone
C．1onely；alone D．a1one；lonely
2 It might be dangerous，but that’s the chance you have to--，sir．
A．make B．take C．fetch D．hold
3--Did John ask you to play tennis this Saturday?
____-Yes，but 1 wish it_______ raining before tomorrow．
A. stops B. stopped C .will stop D. would stop
4You do live very far,but--no reason--you can't be in time for schoo1．
A．there’s；why B．there’s；which
C．it’s；why D．it’s；which
5 I felt sick this morning and my mum iminediately took me to hospital to--．
A．have me to examine B．have examined me
C．have me examined D．have to examine me
6 It’s no use tring to--him to give up smoking；he won’t listen．
A．persuade B．advise C．discourage D．prevent
7一You don’t like football，do you?
--，I like it very much．
A．Not at all B．0n the contrary
C．Next to never D．0n all sides
8一Do you know Edward Wilson?
--The name sounds fami1iar but I don’t remember--him．
A．to meet B．meeting
C．that I have ever met D．of having met
9 You'd better give the plant a bit of water every now and than to keep it--too dry．
A．to get B．got C．getting D．from getting
10 Many companies give away small quantities of their produce as--，so that people can try tham before buying them．
A．experiences B．experiments C．examples D．samples
11一Cars moved very slowly in the 1920’s．
--Yes，but，they--more quickly than in 1910．
A．did move B．were to move C．should move D．had moved
12 From time to time a wave burst over the boat and swept over him,but he kept_____ for ten minutes．
A．to work B．to working C．working D．on work
13 He had to take the medicine three times a day,so as to be--pain in the leg．
A．far from B．away from C．apart from D．free from
14 Many new--will be opened up in the future for those with a university education．
A．opportunities B．necessities
C．realities D．possibi1ities
15 In her body，cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time，_______it difficult for the body to function properly．
A．made B．making
C．to make D．having made
二 完形填空
Some people cannot learn in ordinary schools．Physical or l handicap(残疾)prevents a child from 1earning．Today new 2 are being used in special schoo1s to help the disabled learn．
A school is being 3 in New Jersey，U.S．A．It is called Bancroft．Here the disabled will be trained to 4 themselves and to get along in the outside world．
Bancroft is not surrounded by 5 of any kind．Its director insists that it be 6 so that students may gradually develop normal relations with the rest of the world．Bancroft students will 7 in apartments，cooking their own meals，and learning to perform other-8-．As they become -9-， they will buy their own furniture，paying for it out of their own earnings．They will pay for their food，too．They will learn to expect 10 bills for the calls they make every month．
As a step toward the goal of becoming-11 ，each disabled person will decide what kind of work he wants to be l 2 to do．While some of the training will be carried on within Bancroft itself，most of the students wi1l receive 1 3 training in nearby towns．They will be trained by town people．
After the training has been 14 completed，the student wiIl work as an assistant and wi11 begin to earn money．After that he wi1l leave Bancroft，-15 the school wnl continue to give him help if he 16 it．
How long will it take a student to 1 7 his training under this new system?The director says．“For some a year will be 18 ．For others it might take ten years．”For all，however，this method offers new 1 9 ．Many will learn to be 20 and independent，supporting themselves in the world．
1 A．spi rit B．mental C．thought D．body
2 A．plans B．decisions C．tools D．methods
3 A．turned up B．set up C．searched forD．1onged for
4 A．enjoy B．teach C．help D．support
5 A．trainers B．students C．trees D．walls
6 A free B．open C．quiet D．different
7 A．1ive B．study C．hide D．cook
8 A．operations B．tasks C．plays D．acts
9 A．strong B．health C．able D．happy
10 A．telephone B．education C．housing D．food
11A．brave B．clever C．1earned D．independent
12 A．asked B．sent c．trained D．made
13 A．1ife B．job c．body D．mind
14 A．successfully B．gradually C．quickly D．hardly
15 A．and B．but c．so D．or
16 A．needs B．asks c．gets D．offers
17 A．receive B．get c．complete D．stop
18 A．short B．enough c．good D．1ong
19 A．ideas B．abilities c．time D．work
20 A．helpful B．careful c．useful D．cheerful
三.阅读理解
A
40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of．But when the yearly games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann，the situation began to change．
Sir Ludwig Guttmann，who had been driven to England in1939 from Nazi Germany，had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandevnle Hospital near London．His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled．
In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part．The next year，1 949，five teams took part．From those beginnings，things have developed fast．Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year．In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome，in the same place as the normal Olympic Games．Now，every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held，if possible，in the same place as the normal Olympic Games，although they are organized separately．In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville．In the 1984 wheelchair,Olympic Games，1064 wheelchair athletes(运动员)from about
40 countries took part．Unfortunately，they were held at Stoke Mandevine and not in Los Angeles，along with the other Olympics．
The Games have been a great success in helping the progress of international friendship and understanding，and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport．0ne small source(来源)of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games，however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee(委员会)to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the
able-bodied．Perhaps a few more years are stnl needed to persuade those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should be included．
1.The first games for the disabled were held--after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England．
A．40 years B．21 years C．10 years D．9 years
2.Besides stoke Mandeville，surely the games for the disabled were once held in--．
A．New York B．London C．Rome D．Los Angeles
3.This text tells us that Sir Ludwig Guttmann--．
A．is an early organizer of the games for the able-bodied．
B．is welcomed by the British government
C．is an injured soldier
D．is from England
4.From the passage，we may know that the writer is______
A．one of the organizers of the games for the disabled
B．a disabled person who once took part in the games
C．against ho1ding the games for the disabled
D．in favour of holding the games for the disabled
B
Eddie is a handicapped child．He was functionally(官能地)blind and deaf in one ear．
In spite of his inborn disability，Eddie seems to have a good sense of music．His mother knows that and bought him a toy piano for Christmas．
At church that day，Eddie listened silently wh|le the rest of the family sang along with the music．As soon as he returned home，he flung himself at the little piano．He seemed angry at it as he produced only noise，so his mother put it in the closet．Two weeks later，returning from a church service once more，Eddie uttered his first words，“Mommy，piano，piano．”This time he started to play every hymn(圣歌)he had heard in church．A1l his family members looked at each other in surprise．“Eddie plays the piano，”they say．
Since then Eddie has been taught by a young piano teacher from a university．Now he can perform classic music by Mozart and Schumann．He has learned to read music．He also plays jazz，pop and background music he hears on television shows．“The boy has a bright future，”his teacher says．
1“A handicapped child is a child who--．
A．has no hands B．has a disability
C．is blind in one eye D．is deaf in one ear
2.The toy piano was given to him--．
A．as a birthday present B．as a Christmas present
C by his father D . at the church
3 At church that day Eddie--．
A．sang with his family
B．ran about playing
C．1istening silently to the music
D．danced with the rest of his family.
4 Which of the following is true?
A． After returning from the church，Eddie at once played the piano and he played very well．
B．When Eddie got home，he got angry because he heard nothing at church．
C．After returning home，Eddie shouted and made a 1ot of noise．
D．Eddie could play the music when he returned from the church the second time．
5.According to what his teacher said，Eddie--．
A．will play not better in the future
B．will be successful in the future
C．must go to college for further study
D．must be given a real piano as a present
C
A Child Who Could Not See．Hear，Or Speak For the first nineteen months of her Iife．Helen Keller was like other
pretty happy babias in every way．Then a sudden i11ness destroyed her sight and hearing．Because she could not hear what other people were saying，the child could not learn to speak．For the next seven years。she lived in a world of darkness,without sounds or words.
The person who changed Helen’s world was her teacher.Anne Sullivan，who entered her life on March 3，1887．MissSullivan had accepted a job which seemed imposm‘ble．She had agreed to teach a blind child who had never learned to act like a human being，because no one had ever been able to guide her in any way．No one could control Helan．She acted like young animal，rushing wildly around，throwing things，and hitting anyone whom she could reach．Who could believe that such a child could be taught?
But Anne Sullivan was a very special kind of teacher．She had been blind during part of her own chndhood and had learned to read Braille，a system of writing that uses raised dots which can be felt by the fingers of a blind person．She had learned to see again after several operations，but she had never forgotten the experience of being blind．
Miss Sullivan understood Helen．She loved her and believed she could teacher．Anne Sullivan could not teach Helan Keller to speak untill some other important things had been learned．The little girl had to learn to control her actions and feelings．She had to learn that she could not always do what
she wished to do．She had always been able to get what she wanted by using force．The teacher had to change such habits without breaking the child’s spirit．
Miss Sullivan’s battle began．Sometimes，there was real fighting between the wild chi1d and the strong young teacher．At last，however，the battle was won by Miss Sullivan，who had succeeded in showing Helan that she loved her and wanted to help her．The chnd and her teacher became friends．They continued to be friends untn the teacher’s death，fifty years later．
The day on which Helan finally accepted Miss Sullivan as her friend and teacher was a great day in Helan’s life．After that．the teacher could begin to teach the child language．
1.Helen Keller acted like a wild animal for she--．
A．had never had a teacher
B．could not understand any words
C．had never learned to know the world around
D．could not hear anyone speak
2--，Sullivan believed she could teach Helen．
A．Being a blind person herself
B．Having learned Braille when she was young
C．Having been specially trained to be a teacher
D．Knowing how a blind child feels
3 Helan--and so she could neither hear nor learn to speak．
A．1ost her hearing at an early age
B．had disease with her ears and tongue
C．1ost her ability in hearing and speaking
D．did not know any words
4 The most important thing for Helen was that she should learn____ ．
A．not always to use force
B．to keep her spirit from breaking
C．to tell what was wrong and what was right
D．not to get angry again
5 Sullivan won the battle--．
A．because she was stronger than Helan
B．by helping Helan understand why they fought
C．through fighting until she beat Helen
D．through real fighting and beating
D
Lisa is ten years old．She is handicapped(残疾)because she has brain damage．She could not do even the most simple thing unti1 a year ago．She could not comb(梳理)her hair or feed herself．Her parents loved her．But they treated her like a baby．
Mr． Ching has a daughter and a son．They are both grown．They live far from their father．Mr．Ching felt 1onely．He decided to do something about it．He decided to become a foster grandfather to a handicapped chnd．And that was how he met Lisa．
Foster grandparents are grandparents who are not related by birth，but foster grandparents 1ove the children they care for．They love them j ust as natural grandparents love their grandchidren．
The foster grandparents also help the handicapped children in special ways．They help to dress and feed the chiidren．They read to them and tell them stories．They also help with handicapped children’s therapy．Therapy is the treatment of a disease or disorder．It helps the children overcome their handicaps．
Mr．Ching became a foster grandparent to Lisa when she was nine years old．At first，Lisa was shy．She was afraid because Mr．Ching was a stranger．But he came to see her everyday．GraduaIly，she began to trust him．
At 1ast Lisa let Mr.Ching do things for her．He came at lunchtime and fed her．0ne day he handed the spoon(匙子)and guided it to her mouth．He told her she must 1earn to feed herself．
“Most of that lunch anded up on us instead of in Lisa’s mouth，”Mr．Ching remembers．“But it was a start for Lisa．She learned to feed herself in a few months．”
Then Lisa was ready for more therapy，thanks to Mr.Ching．She had learned to do one simple thing．She could learn to do other simple things．Mr． Ching was trained to help with Lisa’s therapy．
To become foster grandparents，people must be at least sixty years old and in good health．They must be willing to give their time to handicapped children．They are volunteers(志愿者)，so they are not paid．They are giyen money for expenses sueh as transportation．
Mr．Ching speaks for most foster grandparents when he says，“We all benefit(受益)．The handicapped children benefit because we help them live more useful lives．And we benefit because we know the children need us and love us．For any person，there’s no greater happiness than that!”
1 Why did Lisa need help?
A．She was a baby．
B．She did got want to do anything．
C．She had brain damage．
D．She was a blind girl．
2 How oftan did Mr．Ching visit Lisa?
A．Every day． B．Every other day．
C．Every week． D．Twice a wee k．
3 Which five things do foster grandparents do for handicapped children?
a．1ove them b．dress them c．1ive in their homes d．feed tham
e．charge them money f．read to them g tell them stories
h．make fun of them
A．a，b，d，e，f B．a，c，e，f，h
C．b，c，d，f，g D．a，b，d，f，g
4 What does the word“foster'”mean?
A．Elderly． B．Related by birth．
C．Not related bv birth． D．Kind-hearted．
5 How did Lisa first feel toward Mr．Ching?
A．Shy． B．Friendly． C．Angry． D．Happy．
E
It is estimated(估计)that some seven handred million people--about half the world’s adult population--are unable to read or write，and there are probably two hundred and fifty million more whose level is so slight that it barely(勉强)qualfies(称得上)as literacy(有文化)．
Recently the attack on illiteracy had been stepped up．A world plan has been drawn up by a committee of UNESCO experts in Paris，as part of the United Nations Develdpment Decade(十年计划)，and an international conference of the subiect has also been held．UNESCO stresses that functional(官能的)literacy is the aim．People must learn the basic skills
of responm’ble citizenship；the ability to read notices，newspapers，timetables，1etters，price-lists to keep simple records and accounts，to sort out the signil‘icance of the information gathered--and to fill in forms．
The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia，Africa，and Central and South America．In Africa there are at least one hundred million illiterates，which is eighty to eighty-five percent of the total population．In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million；most of them are in Southern Europe．With Spain，Italy，Portugal，and Yugoslavia heading the list(the United Kingdom has about seven hundred thousand)．
It is urgent(迫切的)for each country in the world,whether poor or rich，to wipe out illiteracy．
1.The figure of illiteracy in Britain is ．
A o.1％of that of illiteracy in the world
B．o.2％of the world's adult population
C．35％of Europe's population
D．3．5％of that of the illiteracy in Southern Europe
2.A world plan mentioned in the passage aims at ．
A．training responsible citizens B．enforcing the functions of UNESCO
C．helping illiterates learn how to read and write
D．asking Southern European countries to take the lead in attacking illiteracy
3.The author implies(暗示)that this world plan is to_______ ．
A．be carried out in the maj’or areas of illiteracy like Mrica
B．be realized in ten years
C．be drawn up by Parisian experts
D．be discussed at an international conference
4.According to the passage，which country has the most illiterates?
A．France． B．The U．S．A．C．Spain． D．England．
§6．4短文改错
I can't swim because I have a strong fear of water．
Look back at my childhood experience，I think 1. ____．
that three reason might explain the fear．The first reason 2．--
is that 1 was not allowed to go near the water 3_____
when 1 was a child．for my mother had unreasonable 4．--
fear of it．So，even as a child I was taught see the 5______
water as something danger．Second,my eyes became 6．--
bad ones when I was five．If I took off my glasses in the 7．--
water，I couldn't see anything。but this increased my 8______
fear．The worst part of your experience is that as a 9_____．
child of ten I see a neighbor drown．Since then I 10_____．
have been more frightened．
§6．5书面表达
今天是7月5日(星期三)。早晨风雨交加，在上学的路上发生了这样一件事：
你校一名少先队员张雷在街道的拐角处，准备穿过马路时，看个盲人正穿过马路，这时一辆卡车飞驰而来，张雷奋不顾身地冲过去救了他。然后张雷匆匆忙忙赶往学校，她告诉了老师在路上发生的事情，老师表扬了她。
根据此情景用英语写一篇日记。词数90左右。
§6．1单项填空
1.c 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．c 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D
10．D 11．A 12．c 13．D 14．A 15．B
§6．2完形填空 I
1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．c
10．A 11．D 12．c 13．B 14?
篇7：高二（上）全套教案(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)
Unit 1
A brief of Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking ; born , 1942 Oxford,England.
High School: St Albans School
College: Oxford University
Cambridge University: Do research
Incurable Disease; motorneuron (肌萎缩性侧索硬化症) wheelchair; a computer system made great contributions in physics
Scanning
Why did Stephen Hawking need a PhD?
When did Hawking become famous ?
When did Hawking visit Beijing ?
True or false statements:
1.Hawking was told that he had an incurable disease when he was just 21 years old. T
2.Finally Hawking had to give up PhD and his research
3.He and Roger Penrose made new discoveries about the Big Bang and black holes. T
4.“A Brief History of Time” is too difficult for people to understand.
5.Science is about true facts that never change.
6.When Hawking gives lectures, he always speaks through a computer.
Choice
1. Which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? ______ d
A. Hawking is famous for his new discoveries.
B. People should come to terms with their fate.
C. A scientific theory is always wrong.
D. Anyone with great determination will achieve his success.
2. Hawking became famous in the early 1970s because _____. D
A. he was disabled B. he was a PhD
C. he was sitting in a famous chair D. he made new discoveries about universe
3. According to the passage, what does “an American accent” mean? ______ C
A. Hawking’s accent. B. Hawking’s voice.
C. Sounds translated by computer. D. Accent of some British people.
4. From the passage, we can infer that _____. D
A. Hawking got married to Jane Wilde before he fell ill B. science is always true
C. Hawking is an American D. great scientists always want to know more
Questions
1. What did Steven Hawking do when he was told that he had an incurable disease?
2. How would most people feel when they were told that they had incurable diseases and may not live long?
3. What did Hawking do when visiting China?
4. What did Hawking write in 1988? And what did he explain in the book?
5. According to Professor Hawking, how do people misunderstand science?
6. What is that Hawking does not like about his speech computer?
7. What are the basic steps of the scientific method?
Discussion
How can we grow rice where there is little water?(using the scientific method )
Integrating skills
What’s the characteristic of Galileo Galilei?
Curious creative
Why could Stephen Hawking make contributions to science work? Want to know more
What can be described as the ability to use knowledge? Creativity
Read for the information to complete the table:
Scientists How they make a difference Characteristics
Stephen Hawking Always want to know more;
Never satisfied with a simple answer… Curious
Galileo Galilei Used a microscope and telescope… Curious Believe in what you do
the earth moves around the sun
Zhang Heng Built a model…show how the
position of the stars changed…. Creative..imagination,believe in what you do
Invented seismograph
Unit 2
Step1 Lead in
Do you know what they are?
And do you know how they are made?
Step 2 Pre-reading
The text below is about reporters and newspapers. Look at the title and the pictures. Try to guess which of the following questions the text will answer.
_____ How does a reporter decide what to write?
_____ How much does a newspaper cost?
_____ Why do people read newspapers?
_____ How do newspapers report what happens?
_____ Where do people read newspapers?
_____ How do newspapers help us understand the world?
Topic sentence :Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens
How do you decide what you are going to write?
Zhu lin: Before …, discuss … editor…listens, suggests… ( long ＆ important ) …tell…develop Editor’s job----keep …balanced ＆ interesting
Chen ying: …done…before starting; begin by contacting…questions interviewing, how ---ask, get…to talk…After…present….,make sure----reflects…
Which of the articles that you have written do you like best?
Chen Ying: About the efforts Contact museums ＆ interview experts Because …news ＆ story
Zhu Lin : …about an ordinary young woman who…adapt to…life because …with real passion; realize…unique
Topic sentence: The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.
Step 3 Careful reading
Now please read the text carefully and try to find out the answers to the following questions.
1.Who were asked to be interviewed?
2.Whom does a reporter have to discuss with before he/she decides what to write? And what is the person’s job?
3.Is interviewing someone difficult? What must a reporter know?
4.Which of the articles that they have written do they like best? Why?
5.What could they write about if they could write any article? Why?
6.What is the basic task for a reporter?
7.What result can TV programmes and printed articles bring to us?
Post reading
1.Which of the Pre-reading questions are answered in the text?
2. If you were a reporter, what would you like to write about?
3. It is important to be a critical reader. How would you “read” the following media messages?
True or false
1.Newspaper and other media just record what happens.
2.The reporter has to discuss with the editor before he/she decides what to write. T
3.Much has been done before the reporter starts writing. T
4.Chen Ying’s favourite story is about an ordinary young woman.
5.The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. T
Discussion:
Do you believe these media ?
Unit 3
Scanning
1.When was Modernism invented?
2.Who invented Modernism?
A group of architects who wanted to change society with building that went against people’s feeling of beauty
3.Why did they invent Modernism?
Modernism … in the 1920s by …who …
that went against people’s feeling of beauty. They wanted their buildings…to look natural.
Skimming
Sum up the main idea of the text:
Paragraph 1 Architecture looks at the man-made living environment.
Paragraph 2 Modernism
Paragraph 3 Modern architecture
Paragraph 4 Though modern buildings impress us, they seem hard and unfriendly.
Paragraph 5 Ancient architecture shows us many beautiful buildings.
Paragraph 6 Antonio Gaudi was an architect inspired by nature.
Paragraph 7 There are other modern architecture inspired from nature
Paragraph 8 The new Olympic Stadium.
Part 1(1 para.) Architecture looks at the man-made living environment.
Part 2(2-4 para.) Modernism and modern buildings
Part 3(5 para.) Ancient architecture
Part 4(6-8 para.) Some modern architecture takes examples from nature.
Part 1: Every great culture in the past had its own ideas expressed in art and architecture.
Part 2 How and when modernism came into being?
Part 3: The difference between traditional and modern…, and why ancient architecture…
Part 4: Examples of famous architects and great buildings that take examples from nature.
Answer the following questions
1.Who is Antonio Gaudi?
He is a modern architect. His Building are full of fantastic Colors and shapes and he likes to use some natural materials.
2.Who is Lloyd Wright ?
He is a modern architect, and build an art museum in New York. He was inspired by Japanese seashells.
3. What the materials of modern architecture and the ancient architecture?
Careful reading
1. Every great culture has the same styles for buildings, streets, squares and parks
2. Modernism wants the buildings constructed in a way to look natural.
3. Earth, stone, brick and wood are used in modern architecture.
4. Compared with ancient architecture, modern architecture stands much closer to nature.
5. Both the works of Antonio Gaudi and Frank Lloyd Wright take examples from nature. T
6. The Olympic Stadium in Beijing looks warm and friendly . T
Compare ancient architecture with modern architecture
Shape material feeling example
ancient architecture Nature does not earth,stone, beautiful Taihe Dian
have any straight lines. brick,wood natural the Temple of heaven
Cathedral
modern.. Huge,like boxes with flat steel, glass,
roofs,sharp corners and concrete, hard and Most of modern buildings
glass walls unfriendly look the same
Post reading
Answer the questions on Page20: What do the words in bold refer to?
You do not feel invited to enter them modern buildings
Antonio Gaudi, a Spanish architect, was the first to understand that.
Nature doesn’t have any straight lines.
He only wanted natural materials, such as stone, brick and wood to be used and many parts of his building. Antonio Gaudi’s
Scan the text and find two architects whose work was inspired by nature. What inspired them.
Antonio Gaudi: eyes, bones, fish and a dragon
Frank Lloyd Wright: Japanese seashells
Answer the following question
1.Which two architects were inspired by nature when they designed?
Antonio Gaudi and Frank Lloyd
2. Into which two groups can we divide those materials mentioned in the text?
Traditional materials and modern materials.
Discussion
What’s your feeling about the design of the 2008 Olympic Stadium in Beijing?
Share your design for the 2008 Olympics!!
Unit 4
Scanning
Scan the text and answer the questions.
1.Whose poetry reminds us of Su Dongpo?
John Donne reminds readers of Su Dongpo.
2.Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of Du Fu or Li Bai?
Wordsworth, Byron, and Keats remind readers of Du Fu and Li Bai.
3.Can you name some famous Chinese poets?
Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, Bai Juyi etc.
4.Write down 5 key words that you would expect to find in a text about poetry.
Poem, poet, rhyme, style, image (literature, language, form, line)
Fast-reading
Questions
1. What are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?
2. Whose poetry reminds Chinese readers of Du Fu or Li Bai? Whose of Su Dongpo?
William Wordsworth
George Gordon Byron John Donne
John Keats
Careful-Reading
Para. 1 The characters of poetry.
Para. 2 Chinese ancient poets and poetry.
Para. 3 Early English poets.
Para. 4 English poets of the 19th century.
Para. 5 Why modern poets have special attraction?
Para. 6 The introduction of English poetry to China.
Para. 7 Why more people are interested in English poetry.
Divide the text into 4 parts
Part 1 Para 1 Brief introduction to poetry
Part 2 Para 2 Chinese poetry and poets
Part 3 Para3,4.5 History of English poetry
Part 4 Para 6,7 Poems can be bridges between the east and the west
Choose the best answer
1.Modern English came into being from about the middle of the ____ century. A
A.16th B. 17th C. 18th D. 19th
2. The poetry of Marvell reminds Chinese readers of the poems by ____. C
A.Du Fu B. Li Bai C. Su Dongpo D. Gou Moruo
3. Byron’s “Isles of Greece” is an example of _____. B
A. a sonnet B. romantic poetry C. nature poetry D. modern poetry
4. The wider public in Cina discovered English poetry at the beginning of the _____ century. D
A.17th B. 18th C. 19th. D. 20th
5. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation is ____. D
A.that you have more advice B. that something of the spirit is lost
C. that you understand it better D. that you learn how to express yourself in new ways
True or False
1.The wider public in China discovered English poetry at the beginning of the 19th century. F
2. Modern English came into being from about the end of the 17th century.
3. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation is that you understand it better.
Further-understanding
1. When did modern English start ?
Modern English started around the Time of William Shakespeare,towards the end of the sixteenth century .
2. Why do modern poets have their special attraction?
Because they stand closest to us both in the language and images they use .
3. When did Chinese readers start reading more foreign poetry?
Towards the end of the nineteenth century Chinese readers started reading more foreign poetry .
4. What are the differences between poetry and other forms of literature?
① Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar
② Poetry is difficult to write,but interesting to read
③ Poetry calls up all the colors, feelings,experiences and curious images of a dream world.
there are some words in bold; can you tell what do they refer to?
Para. 1 That makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read.
------Poetry plays with sounds,words and grammar.
Para. 3 Despite its short history,there is a lot of good poetry around.
------English poetry’s
Para. 4 The style and atmosphere in their poems has often…
------William Wordsworth,Byron,John Keats
Para. 5 Finally, modern poets have their special …in the language and images they use.
------modern poets
Para. 7 They can help us to understand each other better,…------poems and literature
Discussion
Are poems good for our life? What can we get from poems?
1. Poems bring passion (激情) to our life.
2. Poems help us to understand life, virtues, beauty and romance…
3. Poems make us know, we are here,we can make our life and the world more colorful!
Unit 5
Lead-in
1.What places are they?
River Thames Oxford university British Museum Thames and Big Ben London Bridge
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
1.How countries is the Great Britain made up of?
Three,England,Scotland and Wales.
2.Is there much rain in the Britain Isles?
Yes,there is much rain
3.When did England and Wales make up the Union? 1536.
4.What is the warmest months in the British Isles? July and August
Skimming:
Skim the text and find out the top sentences for each paragraph.
Para. 1: The idea that England stands for Fish&Chips, the Speakers’ corner and the Tower of London is past. (Idea)
Para 2: The British Isles is a group of islands that lies off the west coast of Europe. (Geography)
Para 3: The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain. (Climate)
Para 4: The culture of the people in the British Isles has received many influences from the European mainland. (Culture)
Para 5: In 1066, all of Great Britain and Ireland was run over by the French. (French influence)
Para 6: The United Kingdom has a long history. (History)
Para 7: In modern times, people throughout the British Isles speak English. (Language)
Read the passage carefully and decide whether the following sentences are true or false:
( )1.Many people around the world study English, and they know a lot about British culture.
( ) 2.Great Britain is made up of four countries.
( T ) 3.The island of Britain is separated from France by the English Channel.
( ) 4.Scotland is colder throughout the year, but receives less rain.
( T ) 5.People from different parts of northern Europe settled in England, so the culture of the people of the British Isles was influenced by them.
( T ) 6.The southern part of Ireland is now an independent republic.
( ) 7. In modern time, people throughout the British Isles only speak English.
Scanning:
Read for details and fill in the form:
Headings Details
Idea Fact unknown: Made up of three kingdoms
Cultural diversity: Different country, common language
Geography Position of Britain: Off the west coast
England: In the east
Scotland: In the north
Wales: In the west
Position of Ireland: West of Britain
Position of the Isle of Man: In the Irish Sea/ between Britain and Ireland
Position of the Channel Islands Southeast of Britain
Climate The British Isles: mild
The Channel Isles: Warmer and sunnier
Scotland: cold
England and Wales: Rains a lot
Culture Influenced by the European mainland
French Influence The reason why many English words end up with French words: ruled by French in 1066
History 1536: England and Wales formed the Union
1707: Scotland joined the union
Ireland used to be: Part of the UK
And now is: An independent republic
Northern Ireland: Part of UK
The Isle of Man and Channel Islands: Ruled by the King of England
Language English, Welsh, Scottish, Gaelic and Irish
Scan the text and answer the following questions
1.What are the most important facts about the United Kingdom?
The United Kingdom is made up of four parts. They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
2.Which countries make up the British Isles?
Great Britain, Ireland, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
3.What are the most important facts about Ireland?
Ireland is a large island in Europe. Northern Ireland is part of the UK. while the rest makes up the Republic of Ireland.
Questions
1. What is the UK?
The UK is really a nation of different countries held together by a common language and culture.
2.What’s the weather in the British Isles like?
The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain. Scotland is colder throughout the year. It also has plenty of rain.
3. From where did the culture of the people in the British Isles receive many influence?
The European mainland
4. Who ran over the Great Britain in1066? What’s the result of French influence?
The French. The result was that there were many French words in the English language.
5. Which are the first two countries that joined in the UK?
England and Wales.
6. What do people throughout the British Isles speak now? English
Unit 6
What are mentioned in the article?
Travel online shopping Smart credit cards education health medical science sports
Pre-reading
Scan the text to find out in which paragraph you can find answers to the questions.
1.How will people shop in the future? Para 3
2.How will people travel in the future? Para 2
3.What will schools be like in the future? Para 5
4.What will the future be like in generals? Para 1、6
Transportation
1.Compared with the past, what is the most important thing in future transportation?
No pollution is the most important thing.
2.Why will the maglev train be popular in the future?
Maglev train Environmentally friendly
energy –saving
Amazing speed---430 km/h
Controlled by an advanced computer system.
Health and medicine
What makes it possible for people to enjoy a longer life?
People will pay attention to ….
People are careful about….
Advances in medical science allow us….
New discoveries in …and … may lead to….
Education and knowledge
1.How will the schools of the future be different from what they are today?
There may be more “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.
2.How will the way we view learning and knowledge change?
We will become lifelong learners
Conlusion
What should we do to make sure we will have a bright future?
If we learn to accept and appreciate what is new and different. We will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.
Main idea of each paragraph
Para.1 . Computers are already being used in agriculture and industry.
Para. 2. People will also use computers more and more in their personal lives.
Para. 3. It’s possible that people will work at home.
Para.4.Computers will be used more and more in transport.
Para. 5.Space travel will become much cheaper
Para. 6.In the fields of education, health and research,computers will continue to play an important part.
Main idea of two parts
Part 1: The prediction of the life in the future.
Part2: Future transportation/ education/business/ health and medicine
True or false
1. Public transportation is already well developed in most areas of China.
2. Scientists are developing new fuels and engines that are environmentally friendly. T
3. People can combine shopping with fun in the future. T
4. E-commerce will not be so popular as it is not very safe.
5.We will still prefer using cash instead of cards in the future.
6. In the future distance education will play an important part. T
1.What is one way to catch a glimpse of the future ?
One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
2.What’s the advantage of on-line shopping?
For companies, the internet makes it easier to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.
For people , shopping is no longer a necessity but a form of entertainment combining shopping with fun .
3.What kinds of schools will be there in the future?Why are they useful？
They are “schools on the air” and “e-schools”.
Because people can study whenever they have time and wherever they may be and , what’s more, they will become lifelong learners.
Post-reading
Advantages disadvantages
future transportation clean, fast, safe, without pollution high cost, expensive
online shopping convenient saving time no insurance of quality
future life longer and healthier
e-schools Interesting, convenient, saving time no face-to-face coach
Summary
Fields What will be used? Results
Transportation New technology ;new fuels and engines Cleaner, faster and safer.
Business E-commerce;mall; smart cards. Convenient, fun.
Health and medicine Healthy diet ; exercising regularly; Enjoy a longer and healthier life;
advances in medical science. remain active
Education and E-schools; distance education Can study at home; lifelong learners.
Knowledge
Note-making
AREA USE
Farms control the growing conditions of plants
Banks change money ;pay bills
Houses central computer to control heating and hot water recognize some’s voice
Transport work out the best distance between trains operate trains
Education Store texts
Unit 7
Step1 : Leading-in
They are all living with HIV
Step 2: Skimming
1.In what ways does AIDS spread?
AIDS, which is caused by HIV, can be transmitted via unprotected sex, infected blood transfusion or through birth.
2.How many children were infected in the world in 2002?
As a result, 3.2 million children were infected in 2002.
Step 3 Intensive Reading
Find out the main points of each part
Para.1 Xiaohua is a person living with AIDS
Para2 what is AIDS.
Para.3 How do people get AIDS
Para.4 Many children become infected with AIDS.
Para.5 Since there is little hope for Xiaohua, she decides to use the limited time to do something to help others.
Para.6 &7 xiaohua helps AIDS patients and tries to change people’s attitude to them.
Part1 Para.1
Part 2 Para.2
Part 3 para.3
Part 4 Para.4
Part 5 Para.5,6,7 How does a person live with Aids and how do others deal with a person living with AIDS?
Main idea:
This passage mainly tells us what we should do toward AIDS and Aids patients
Step 4 Scanning
Please read the text carefully again and add more questions to your list.
1.What kind of disease is AIDS?
AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illness.
2.Where is the disease spreading faster?And why?
In Africa and parts of Asia,Mainly because of a lack of proper health care,prevention and education
3.Which kind of people suffers the most? The young.
4.What did Xiao Hua decide to do after she know she got AIDS?
She decided to use the limited time she has left to do something to help others.
5.Is the disease the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from?
No,they also have to deal with people’s fear of the disease
6.What is the best way to show you care about AIDS patients?
Giving an AIDS patients a hug.
Step 5: Listening and reading
1.People will die immediately after they get AIDS.
2. Xiao Hua has hardly any hope to survive. T
3. In 2002, 3.2 million children in the world were infected with HIV. T
4. We should avoid any contact with AIDS patients.
5. Xiaohua’s life won’t be as long as her classmates’ so she is unhappy.
6. Giving an AIDS patient a hug is the best way to show that you care him / her. T
Step 6 Post-reading
1.Find out the difference between AIDS and HIV.
HIV is the virus that caused AIDS. AIDS is a kind of incurable disease. People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV virus.
2. How should we act towards people who have HIV / AIDS? What can we do to help them?
We should be helpful ,friendly and understanding .We can help them by learning more about the disease and by treating them as normal people.
Uni 8
Step 1 Lead-in
1.What should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding? Why?
2.What would you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake? Why?
Step 2 Skim the text and complete the table
Letter Represent Meaning
D Danger The accident scene is no longer dangerous
R Response To know that he/she is conscious and can breathe.
A Airway To make sure a person’s airway is open and it is easy to breathe.
B Breathing To start the person who is not breathing at once, using mouth-to-mouth method.
C Circulating Make sure the person’s blood is circulating by looking for color, coughing and eye movement.
Step 3 Fast- reading
What’s the topic of the paragraphs ?
Para. 1. First aid is very important
Para. 2 The most important is to stay calm.
Para. 3-4 When we have to think fast,we must remember DR ABC to give first aid
Para. 5-6 When we have checked the DR ABC we should give the first aid that is needed and call an ambulance.
Step 4 Scanning
1). Is it vital to learn some knowledge about first aid? Why?
Yes, because seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference and death.
2). What is the most important thing to bear in mind when you are confronted with an emergency? And for what reason?
We must stay calm, for only in this way will we be able to consider what to do and make better decisions.
3). What is a correct way of placing a body so that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe?
(Answers on Page 60.)
a…
b…
c…
Step 5 Listen to the tape and answer the question.
Para. 1 First aid is very important
Why is first aid important in our daily life ?
Para. 2 What is the most important thing to remember when dealing with an emergency ?
Para. 3-4 What do the hospitals recommend ?
What do the letters DR ABC stand for ?
What are three important things?
1.Check that the person can breathe.
2.If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing at once.
3.If the person is bleeding badly, you must try to stop the bleeding.
Para. 5 What should we do when we have checked the DR ABC ?
Para. 6 Can we do first aid correctly after reading this passage?
Step 6 Comprehension
1. By saying “ Seconds count in an emergency, ” the writer means ________.
A time is very important B you can count numbers by the second
C time is life D to be calm down, in an emergency, just say numbers by the second
2. What should you do if you want to do first aid correctly ?
A.Learn with a teacher. B Remember the letters DR ABC
C Stay calm D All of the above
3. According to the passage, people in the accident_______.
A. can be helped by anyone who’d like to do so
B. Should be waken up as soon as possible
C. should be put in the recovery position when having been given first aid
D. can be given first aid even without checking the DR ABC
4. Which of the following sentences best expresses
the main idea of the passage?
A. DR ABC should be remembered
B. Remembering the letters DR ABC is enough forfirst aid
C. Why first aid is important and what the letters DR ABC stand for in an emergency
D. What the letters DR ABC mean
5. In the passage., the author seems to be _________.
A.explaining the meaning of the letters DR ABC B. telling us the importance of the first aid
C. giving some basic information about first aid D. showing the importance of DR ABC
Step 7 True or false
1. We can do nothing but call an ambulance or the police when someone is hurt.
2. If you don’t know about first aid, never try to revive the wounded person. T
3. We can check blood circulating only by looking for eye movement.
4. If the person is not breathing , we must start her breathing in ten minutes.
5. If a person is bleeding, make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.
6. When the accident happens, go to save the wounded people immediately.
Step 8 Post-reading
Look at the pictures on Page60. Use what you have learnt from the text to explain what the people are
doing in the pictures.
Picture 1
The man is gently tipping the person’s head back to make sure that his airway is open and it is easy to breathe.
Picture 2
If a person is not breathing, we can use the mouth-to-mouth way to start his/her breathing. And this must be done within five minutes.
Picture 3
If a person is bleeding, we should cover the wound with a clean piece of cloth and press on the wound to stop the bleeding.
Step 9 Retelling
Retell something about DR ABC according to the table in pairs.
Step 10 Group discussion
What are some of the most important things to do at the scene of an accident?
Firstly, we should keep calm, make better decisions and call an ambulance or the police.
Secondly, we should check the DR ABC and then give first aid if we know how to do it.
Thirdly, we should put the person in the recovery position and make sure that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.
Finally, we should cover the person with a blanket or a jacket to help him or her stay calm, stay with him or her and wait for the ambulance.
Unit 9
skimming
When and where was the first Earth Summit held? What did they do then?
It was first held in Stockholm in 1972.Representatives discussed some of the most important problems facing our planet. Much progress has been made.
step1. Fast reading
Try to find the main idea of each Para.Match them.
Para.1 A brief introduction to 1972,2002 Earth Summits.
Para2 The big three and the results caused by them
Para.3 The responsibilities of the richer countries
Para.4 How to save the earth
Para.5 Small changes make big difference
Para.6 Sts’ better understanding of he environment and their willingness to act are important
Para.7 One of the solutions to the problems---education
Listening
1. Listen to Para 1 and find one of the main themes of the summit.
Sustainable development
2. Listen to Para 2& 3 and find what topics are talked about by the speakers.
1)What are “The Big Three”?
Contaminated drinking water
Poor sanitation Air pollution
2) Poverty, War, Violence
What’s the present problem with the global development?
Richer people get richer while the poor get poorer.
3.What should rich counties do to solve this problem?
Rich countries have a responsibility towards poor countries and must do whatever they can to help others.
Scan the text and see which of the following best express the main idea of the passage? C
A．Different countries have different opinions about development.
B．Equality and fairness are badly needed in the today’s world.
C．The Earth Summit, a way to save the earth.
D．Sustainable development, the future for the world.
1.“Sustainable development ” was brought forth _______. B
A. at the Stockholm Summit B. at the Johannesburg Earth Summit
C. by the World Health Organization D. by China's former Premier Zhu Rongji
2. Which of the following is the main cause of millions of deaths in rural areas ? C
A. Lack of drinking water B. Poor sanitation
C. Air pollution D. Freezing cold
3. Which is the best way to make developing countries prosper ? D
A. Holding conferences like the Earth Summit
B. Richer countries offer much help
C. A better understanding of the environment
D. International cooperation
4. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage ? C
A. Different countries have different opinions about development
B. Equality and fairness are badly needed in the today's world
C. The Earth Summit , a way to save the earth
D. Sustainable development , the future for the world
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ? D
A.The Earth Summit was once of great help to China
B. The Earth Summit is the best way to solve all kinds of problems
C. Without poverty , war or violence we can develop the world successfully
D. Our willingness to take action is necessary for the protection of our environment
Compare with your partner and decide what you think each part of the text will be about
Introduction (para 1) Introduction of the Earth Summit
Body (para 2-6) Major problems facing the world
Conclusion (para 7) What we can do to solve the problem
Introduction (Para 1)
Fill in the form
The Earth Summit
Time Place Theme
1972 Stockholm The Human Environment
2002 Johannesburg Sustainable Development
Step2.Read the text carefully.
Para.1 Read it quickly,and answer the questions.
In 2002, the Earth Summit was held in Johannesburg in
South Africa. One of the main themes of the summit was Sustainable development
What does “sustainable development” mean? D
A.Developing the nature. B.Developing economy.
C.Taking better care of the earth. D.Developing the world without damaging the environment
Para2. Listen to the tape .
What does the “big three” refer to?
Contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution.
Try to find these sentences true or false.
The three big killers in the world are poverty, war, and violence.
Air pollution is a big problem only in rural areas,especially in developing countries.
20% of the people on earth have no clean drinking water.
Read Para.4---Para.6. Do the following exercises.
1.What one of the visitors said shows that____. C
A.There exist serious problems at present.
B.It is difficult to save the earth.
C.The earth summits make people understand the environment.
D.All of us have realized the importance of protecting the environment.
2.What’s the earth summit? C
A.It’s a place to find problems.
B. It’s a place to discuss how to develop economy.
C.It’s a place to find solutions to how to develop without damaging the environment
1.Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? B
A. Farmers are increasing the numbers of their cattle.
B. Farmers are limiting the numbers of their cattle.
C. Heavy rains and strong winds are destroying the valuable soil.
D.Fewer trees are left to hold the soil in place on the hillside.
2.Air pollution doesn't cause _______. D
A. the destroying of forests B. the killing of fish in lakes
C. illnesses and injuries to people D. the spreading of clouds of radiation
3.What is the possible reason why the Mediterranean can’t clean itself? D
A.One quarter of the shores are polluted. B. A lot of diseases are present in the water.
C. It lies between Europe and Africa. D. It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean.
4. The 1st part of the passage is mainly about ________. A
A. the reasons why the area of desert is growing
B. the numbers of cattle farmers should keep
C. the valuable soil strong winds blow away
D. the damage rains and winds bring about
5. If people change their habits, pollution _______. B
A. can be completely stopped B. will become less and less
C. can do less damage to people D.will do no harm to people
6. According to the text _________ are the worst enemy of nature. B
A. cattle B. humans C. deserts D. chemicals
Now, please read the passage carefully. You should pay attention to some detailed information in the passage . After that .Please answer these questions.
1 .What are the “big three”?
The “big three” refers to contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and air pollution.
2 . Why are conferences like the Earth Summit important?
Because they help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there’s still time to take action. They can tell us what we can do to help, too.
3 .What issues are discussed at the Earth Summit?
Contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation, air pollution, poverty, wars and violence.
4．What is the key to the problem according to the text? Why?
Education 1. To build a better society and put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three
2. To wipe out much of the poverty.
3. To see less violence and fewer wars.
summary
Accidents I. Time : 1986
Place : at a nuclear power station in Russia
Results : 125,000 die
Accidents II Time : 1984
Place : at a factory in the town of Bhopal in India
Results : 2500 be killed; many lose sight
Fact causes results
Earth desert grow every year cattle ; trees be cut down have less farm land
Air be polluted; chemical rain smoke from; accidents forests be destroyed; fish be killed ;
do harm to people
water be polluted; diseases waste from ; accidents living things be killed ; have less
drinking water ; nowhere to swim
Discussion
If you are one of the representatives at the Earth Summit, What proposal will you offer to solve the problems on the earth?
Unit 10
Step 1 Lead in
1.What’s the weather like today?
2.Do you often care about the weather?
3.How do you hear about it?
4.Have you ever heard of typhoon?
5.What words can you think of to describe the typhoon weather?
heavy wind (blow hard) storm roaring thunder
Also roaring forties: part of the Atlantic Ocean, often very stormy, between latitudes of 40 and 50 degrees south.
6. What will you feel in such kind of weather?
frightened, scared, terrible, happy (why?)
7. What about the hurricane? Have you everheard about it?
8. What about volcano?
9. Look at the picture. Find out as much as you can to describe it.
Eruption lava
10. How is a volcano formed?
The rocks under the earth becomes hotter and hotter and erupted from the mountain.
11. Where is the most possible place that a volcano may erupt? Near the oceans
12. Do you know how a volcano works,if you do, describe it?
Gas vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulphur, etc.
Solid bits of rock and volcanic ash, etc.
Liquid lava
Step 2 Pre reading
the town of Pompeii (relics) two thousand years ago 18 hours
Skimming
Main idea of each part:
Para.1 General introduction to the letter.
Para.2 When and where the volcano erupted?
Para.3-6 What Pliny did when the volcano erupted?
Para.7 Conclusion to the letter.
Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.
1.A volcano erupted on the 24th of August in 79 BC in southern Italy.
2.My uncle planned to save his friend’s wife Rectina.
3.My uncle went to rescue Pompy after saving Rectina. T
4.The flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.
5.They decided to try the open air instead of staying in the house. T
6.It was night when the volcano erupted
Divide the text into several parts and tell the main idea of each part.
Step 3 While reading
Scan the text and answer the following questions.
1.What did Tacitus ask the author to do?
Ask him to write him sth about the death of his uncle Pliny.
2.From whom was the letter which the author’s uncle brought?
From his friend’s wife Rectina.
3.Where was Rectina’s house?
At the foot of Vesuvius.
4 What did the captain urge the author’s uncle to do?
He urged the author’s uncle to turn back.
5 Why did the author’s uncle ask to be taken to the baths?
Because he wanted to help the other to calm down.
6 When was the author’s uncle’s body found?
When daylight came again two days after he died.
7.What is described in the following passage?
The eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
8.When and where did it happen?
On the 24th of August in 79 AD in southern Italy.
9.Who is the writer of the letter?
Pliny, the younger.( The author of the letter is Pliny’s nephew.)
Read the text carefully & fill in the following form.
Date: On the 24th of August in 79 AD in southern Italy.
What happened: The eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.
First A cloud of unusual size & shape rising from a mountain drew my uncle’s attention and he wanted to see it from closer at hand.
Next After receiving a letter from his friend’s wife Rectina, he changed his mind to save her.
Then In spite of the danger, he turned back to rescue his friend Pompy and help calm down the other people
Finally My uncle wanted to get out of the danger but failed. He was dead.
Arrange the following statements according to the right order.
1.He decided to rescue his friend Pompy.
2.Some people watched an unusual cloud rising from a mountain.
3.Rectina begged him to save her.
4.He ordered a boat made ready.
5.Two slaves helped him stand up and immediately he fell down dead.
6.He bathed and had dinner.
7.A rain of rocks was coming down.
2 4 3 1 6 7 5
Read the text again and explain what the words in bold refer to.
it: a cloud of unusual size and shape rising from a mountain
the one: the wind
the other: my uncle’s friend Pompy
their: flames
They: scared people
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Time What happened
on the 24th of Aug. in 79AD, between 2 & 3p.m. a cloud rose from the mountain
afterwards some of the cloud was white and dark
after dinner broad sheets of flame were lighting up many parts of Vesuvius
the next day shower of rock, darkness
This passage mainly tells us________. C
A To tell sth about Volcano happening in 79AD
B To tell sth about the death of Uncle Pliny
C To help Tacitus to recall what happened to Uncle Pliny
D To be in memory of Uncle Pliny
篇8：高二英语unit11全套教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
I. Teaching Goal
1. Talk about science and scientific achievement.
2. Practise expressing intentions and wishes.
3. Learn about word formation (1).
4. Write a persuasion essay.
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following.
(1)New words
engineering, solar, significant, mankind, constitution
(2) Everyday English s
If I got the money，I would……
My plan is to……
I hope that……
I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to……
I'd like to……“
I'm thinking of……
2. Train the students' listening abilities.
3. Talk about science and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significance of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.
Teaching Important Points;
1. Finish the task of listening to train the students' listening ability.
2. Practise expressing intentions and wishes to train the students' speaking ability.
Teaching Difficult Points;
1. How to help the students talk in English about science and scientific achievement freely.
2. How to help the students finish the tasks of listening and speaking smoothly.
Teaching Methods;
1. Listening and speaking to train the students' ability to use English.
2. Individual, pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures;
Step I Greetings and Lead-in
Greet the Ss. Then teacher turns on the multimedia. First, show the students a recorded programme in which the students can see the hard life people lived in the past. Then show them a programme in which people live a happy and modern life. After that, teacher asks some Ss up to describe what they saw in the programmes. Last, write the following on the boackboard.
(Bb: Unit 11 Scientific achievement)
First, let's learn some new words. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the screen and deals with them with the whole class.)
engineering／ / n.工程，工程学，设计，建造
solar / ／adj.太阳的，日光的
significant // adj.意义重大的，重要的；有意义的
mankind／/ n.人类
Neil Armstrong／ /尼尔 阿姆斯特朗（美国宇航员）
Alexander G Bell／bel / 亚历山大贝尔（美国发明家）
Ray Tomlinson／ / 雷 汤姆林森（美国计算机工程师）
constitution / / n．宪法
:Aeureka /ju'ri:k/ interj. 我找到了！
Step II Warming up
Ask some Ss to tell us what scientific achievements they think have changed the world?
(Teacher writes all the scientific achievements mentioned above on the blackboard and says the following. )
Step III Listening
The listening material contains two parts. You are going to hear some words said by some famous people at the time when they achieved success.
Look at the chart in Exercise 1 at the top of Page 2 quickly. Then play the first part of the tape for the Ss to complete it. After that, check their answers. (After checking the answers to Exercise 1, teacher goes on to deal with Exercise 2)
Now, listen to Part 2 and complete the sentences in Exercise 2, If necessary, play it twice for Ss to finish or check their answers.
At last, teacher deals with Exercise 3.
Step V Summary and Homework
T. In this class, we've mainly talked about scientific achievement. Centering on this topic, we did some listening and speaking. This way, we've learnt more about science and scientific achievement. Moreover, we've learnt some useful expressions to express intentions and wishes, .such as ”If I got the money, I would……; My plan is to…… (Teacher writes them on the blackboard. ) After class, try to practise using them and preview the reading part.
Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The First Period
I . Scientific achievement:
electricity, cars, aero planes, radio and television, the Internet, cloning, genetic engineering, the Theory of Gravity，nuclear science, solar energy
II. How to express intentions and wishes:
If I got the money, I would……
My plan is to……
I hope that……
I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to……
I'd like to……
I'm thinking of……
The Second Period
Speaking
Ss work in pairs and discuss their intentions and wishes..
The following structures are helpful to students:
1. My plan is to…….
2. I hope that…..
3. I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…..
4. I’d like to,,,,
5. I’m thinking of ….
6. It is likely that…
Here are four scientists who want to get money to complete their project. Each scientist will have to introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. Now, the teacher put the students in groups of five to have a discussion. Four group members represent scientists tone member will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why..
(Teacher and the students go through the expressions. After that, teacher puts the students in groups of five and gets them to prepare for a few minutes. At the end, teacher asks one or two groups to report their work to the rest of the class. )
A sample dialogue;
Organizer: Now, everybody is here. Who'd like to be the first to make a statement on this project? Dr Wilson: I and my team are working on a cure for AIDS. As you know, the number of people
infected with AIDS is keeping increasing at an astonishing speed. Some of them are facing death. As a result, we have to find a way to solve this problem as soon as possible. But, right now, the lack of money is a big problem. If we got enough money, we would complete the first stage of our project in the near future.
Organizer: I see. Dr Jones, how about you?
Dr Jones: At present, we are also facing the same problem of lacking money. My research project is about cloning and how to use new technology to cure disease. Today, more and more patients are expecting to get organ transplant in order to prolong their lives. I wish what I am doing could help them.
Organizer: I understand. Dr Smith, could you please give me your opinions on your project?
Dr Smith: For humankind on the earth, food is a fundamental factor, and as the population keeps growing, per capitation resource of people is becoming less and less. My plan is to develop new technology that will make it possible to grow food with very little water. However, currently, the shortage of money prevents my work from further going. I hope you can give me a hand on my project,
Organizer: It sounds a good idea. Dr Winfrey, it's your turn now.
Dr Winfrey: It’s ceaseless for human beings to explore the universe. That's why we are urgent to know what the Mars looks like and if there is any life on it. I'm thinking of sending a manned spaceship to Mars. Nevertheless, this huge project will surely cost a large sum of money. And I don't think we can get to the aim without your support.
Organizer: So, everyone has finished their statements on their own project. Frankly speaking, they all sound tempting to me, but I'm more inclined to the project suggested by Dr Smith. From my point of view, it's more closely related to the daily life of people and in accord with the actual condition of our country. I'd like to pour money into his project.
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words and phrases.
likely, zone, private, grasp, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure，locate，valley
2. Train the students' reading ability.
3. Get the students to learn about Zhongguancun - China's Silicon Valley.
Teaching Important Points;
1. Learn to use the following:
(1) Phrases:
in store, set foot in(on), rely on, come to life, put forward
(2) Sentence patterns;
It is likely that……
……makes it clear that……
2. Improve the students' reading ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students understand the reading material exactly.
Teaching Methods;
1. Discussion before reading to make the students interested in what they will read.
2. Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
3. Careful reading to get the detailed information.
4. Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class,
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures;
Step I Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step II Revision and Pre-reading
Yesterday, we talked about science and scientific achievement. We know scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also change the world. Science makes the world become a smaller place. Science and scientific achievement promote the development of mankind and society. However, to achieve success in science research is not easy. It needs to work whole-heartedly. It also needs support and good environment. Now, please look at the questions on the screen and work in pairs or groups to discuss them. Let's go through them first. (Teacher shows the following on the screen. )
1. If you wanted to do research or start a company, what kind of support and environment would you need?
2. What is it that makes a scientific achievement important?
3. Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?
Teacher shows the new words on the screen and deals with them as usual.
likely / / adj. 很可能的, 合适的, 可靠的, 有希望的
economic / / adj. 经济的；经济学的，有实用价值的
zone / / n．区；区域．地带
hi-tech／‘haitek/ n．高科技，高技术（=high technology)
private／ / adj. 私立的；私人的；非公开的
technological / / adj.技术（学）的；工艺（学）的
overseas／ / adj.（在）海外的; (在）国外的
adv. 在海外；在国外
grasp / / vt．掀住。抓牢，理解
master／／n．硕士；（男）主人；能手
perfect／ / adj.完美的，理想的．绝对的
arrange／ / vt．安排书筹划；整理；布置
set foot (in) 到达；进人．踏上
IT /ai 'ti:/ abbr.（= information technology)信息技术．信息产业
Lenovo / li 'nuv / n．联想公司：
Founder／ / n．方正公司：
rely / / vi．依靠;依赖; 信赖; 指望：
rely on依靠；依赖，信赖，指望
failure / / n．失败，失败的人（事）；
locate／ / vt．（常用被动语态）把……设置在．使……坐落于；指出……的位置：
silicon／ / n. 硅；
valley／ / n．低凹处（尤指波谷）; 山谷；溪谷
Step III Reading
Page 3, Read the passage-Zhong-guancun quickly in four minutes and find out the answers to the following two questions!
1. What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?
2. What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park? (Teacher writes the two questions above on the blackboard. Four minutes later, teacher checks the answers. )
1. It is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that has made Zhongguancun a success.
2. One is “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power.” The other is “Encouraging pioneering work and accepting failure.”
Work in pairs to finish the first exercise in Post-reading.
Suggested answers: l. ABC 2.D 3.CD 4. B 5.CD
Explain some phrases and sentences. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen and explains them to the students.)
1. in store (for sb. / sth. ) : coming in the future; about to happen
e. g. There is a surprise in store for you.
I can see trouble in store.
2. set foot in /on sth. : enter or visit (a place) ; arrive
e. g. Don't ever set foot in this house again!
Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.
3. rely on/upon; depend on……
e. g. Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.
You can rely on it that it will rain this week.
4. come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind
e. g. As soon as the mother came to life, she cried for her daughter.
After three hours' saving, the injured man came to life,
5. It is likely that--- (Note：likely→ probable)
e. g. It is very likely that she'll ring me tonight.
It isn't likely to rain.
She is very likely to ring me tonight.
6. ……make it clear that……
(Note: make→ cause to be or become……)
e. g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.
She made clear her objections.
Step IV Listening and Reading Aloud
Listen to the tape of the passage, paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation. Then read it aloud by themselves and try to understand the phrases and sentences learnt just now.
(Teacher begins to play the tape. )
Step V Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we've learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is said that it is called “China's Silicon Valley”. After class, use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas. How are they similar or different? Besides, we've learnt some useful phrases and sentences. Remember to review the use of them.
Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Third Period
I, Zhongguancun
1. What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?
2. What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?
II. Phrases:
in store, set foot in/on, rely on/upon, come to life
III. Sentence patterns:
1. It is likely that…… :
2. ……make it clear that……
The Fourth Period
Language points.
1．constitution
1) 宪法the Constitution of the United States / the American Constitution
2) 体格，体质He has a weak constitution
3) 构造，构成the constitution of starch (淀粉的构成)
2．achievement (U)取得，完成（C）成就，成绩（V）achieve
development government movement equipment
vt 完成 达到（目的），得到
1） By hard working we can achieve anything.
2） We have achieved success in developing the product.
3．Mankind 人类 manmade (adj) Manly 有男子气概的；刚强的
4．in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happen
e.g.There is a surprise in store for you.
I can see trouble in store.
5．Likely 1) be likely to do sth 很可能（发生某种情况）Our team is likely to win the game.
2) it is likely that + 从句
It is likely that we’ll go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.
辨析：likely, possible与probable
Likely 常用词，指“从表面现象看很有可能”
Possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到”，强调“客观上有可能”，但“实际希望很小”。
Probable 语气比possible 强，指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有大概，很可能的意思”
Likely 之后常跟不定式（be likely to do sth） 而possible与probable之后通常不跟不定式；
Likely 的主语可以是人，而possible与probable的主语不能是人。
6．set up
1) 建立，成立 Set up home
Edison set up a chemical lab of his own at the age of ten.
2) 树立起来Let’s set up the tent first.
3) 使（自己或他人）从事某职业（as）
He has set himself up as a bookseller. 他开始经营书籍。
set about doing sth 着手做 set out to do sth Set an example
set fire to 点火；放火Set off 出发，动身Set foot in (on) 登上；涉足；访问
set foot in/on sth.: enter or visit(a place);arrive
e.g. Don’t ever set foot in this house again!
Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.
7．Private adj 私人的；私立的；不公开的
Private property Private school
a private door 便门in private 在私下，秘密地in public 公开地
8．grasp vt
1) 抓住 grasp sb by the arm
2) (= understand ) 掌握， 领会
Grasp sb’s meaning
3) n (常用单数) 紧握；把握；理解；理解力
Beyond sb’s grasp 力量达不到 Grasp all, lose all. 样样都要，全数失掉。 Within sb’s grasp 力量达得到
9．Master n 硕士；（男）主人；能手；雇主；大师
Mistress n 女主人 Masterless adj 无主的
Mastermind n 非常聪明的人 Masterkey n 万能钥匙
Masterpiece(masterwork) n 杰作 The master of the house 家长
Master and man雇主与雇工 A master in literature 文学大师
Master of Arts (MA) 文学硕士 Master of Science (MS) 理学硕士
Bachelor 学士 doctor 博士
vt 掌握；精通；控制；统治
Master a foreign language
Man can master nature.
10. perfect adj 理想的；完美的；绝对的；完全的；（动词的）完成的
His reading is perfect.
He is a perfect stranger to us.
The perfect tense
vt 使完美
They worked hard to perfect their dance.
Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧
Be perfect in English 精通英语
11．arrange
vt 安排，筹划；整理，布置
1） We have arranged a party.
2） He arranged the books on the shelf.
n arrangement
(C pl) 安排；准备工作 （U，C）整理；排列；布置
12. have an effect on 对……产生影响
Take effect 开始生效；开始实行
In effect = in fact 实际上
13. rely on / upon : depend on…依赖，依靠；信赖，信任
We should rely on our own efforts. 我们应该自力更生。
You may rely on it that she won’t be late.你可以放心，她不会迟到的。
14．make it clear （that）…表明，讲清楚
e.g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.
She made clear her objections.
15．Failure (v fail) 失败(U)，失败的人或事（C）
Failure is the mother of success.
He is a failure as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.他不是一个成功的艺术家，但是个成功的美术老师。
16．come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind苏醒过来，恢复生气，活跃起来
After three hours’ saving, the injured man came to life.
When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came back to life at once.
17. mark
n 痕迹；符号；商标；分数；特征
an ink mark a question mark full marks make a mark 作标记
vt 做标记；留痕迹于；表明；批分数，评成绩
a dirt road marked with footprints 留有脚印的泥路
be marked with 标着……；(人、动物等身上)具有
Her face is marked with sadness. 她面露悲哀。
mark examination papers.
18. outstanding
1) 杰出的，突出的 （ stand out ）一名杰出的学生 an outstanding student
2) 未完结的；未清的；未付的
Outstanding debts 未付清的欠款
19．Breakthrough n 重大突破，突围；突破性的发现，成就
A military breakthrough 军事突破A scientific breakthrough 科学成就
20．enable
en-使+able能……的
enrich enlarge
strengthen strength(力量)+ en (使) vt 加强，增强 vi 变强
they strengthened the city wall..
the wind strengthened.
deep--deepen
Sharp-sharpen
Wide--widen
21. organ n 器官；风琴；机构，机关
The eyes are the organ of sight.
state organs
a government organ
adj organic 有机物的；有机体的
n organism (C)生物，有机体，有机组织
vt organize 组织
N organization 团体，机构，组织
22. put forward 提出（建议、意见）；推荐，提名
He put forward a better plan.
We put her forward as chairman of the committee.
23. aim (sth) at sth/doing sth (把……)瞄准；目的在于；企图
He aimed his gun at the target.
Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at losing weight.
知识点讲解
1． You and your team are working on a cure for Aids. 你和你的队员正在从事艾滋病的治疗工作。
（1）work on “从事于（某项工作）”；“设法说服” eg:
They worked on the old car late into the night. 他们修这辆旧汽车一直修到深夜。
What are you doing? We are working on some wood-cuts. 你们在干什么呀？我们正在创作一些木刻。
Can you work on him to change his mind?你能说服他改变主意吗？
（2）work at “学习，研究，致力于……” eg:
They have worked at this subject for many years. 他们研究这门科学好多年了。
（3）work out 做出；算出；设计出 eg:
This problem will not work out. 这道题算不出来。
They have worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to Mars.
他们已经设计出一种向火星发射宇宙飞船的方法。
2．extremely adv. to a very high degree 极端地；极度地 eg:
It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task. 这是一项极度困难和危险的工作。
extreme adj. reaching the highest degree 极度的 eg:
extreme patience/kindness 极度的耐心/仁慈 in extreme pain 在极度痛苦中
3． cure (1)n. ①[C] curing or being cured 治疗；治愈。 eg:
His cure took six months. 他的病花了六个月治疗。
②[C]substance or treatment which cures 治疗的药物；治疗法 eg:
Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 迄今对癌症有治疗方法吗？
（2）vt. & vi. bring sb. back to health; get rid of one’s illness/habits eg:
This medicine will cure your headache. 这药可以治好你的头痛。
A few days’ rest will cure you. 休息几天你就痊愈了。
③（词组） cure sb. of one’s illness or bad habits 治愈疾病，改掉坏习惯 eg:
Moving to the country cured her of asthma. 搬到乡下她的哮喘病就好了。
He was cured of his habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯。
4． You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. 你正在从事向火星发射载人宇宙飞船的工作。
（1）manned adj. (of machines esp. in space) having men on board （飞船等）载人的 eg:
the development of manned from unmanned space craft从无人向载人飞船的发展
（2）man-made adj. produced by the work of men; not found in nature 人造的 eg:
The lake is a man-made one. 这是个人工湖。
We have sent up many man-made satellites. 我们发射了多少颗人造卫星。
生词和词组
1．likely adj. (1) that is expected 很可能发生的；有希望的 eg:
Is he likely to win? 他有可能获胜吗？
The most likely result is a draw. 最可能的结果是不分胜负。
(2)that seems reasonable, suitable or right for a purpose 似乎合理的 eg:
That’s a likely excuse. 那似乎是个合理的借口。
(3)be likely to do… 很可能会……
It’s likely that… 可能会（有，发生）…… eg:
He is not likely to succeed. 他大概不会成功。
It is likely that he will be late. =He is likely to be late. 他可能会迟到。
2． grasp vt. , vi. & n.
(1)v. ①seize firmly with hand(s) or arm(s) 抓住；抱住；紧握 eg:
The boy grasped his mother’s hand firmly. 那个小男孩紧握住妈妈的手。
He grasped the rope and pulled it. 他抓紧绳子用力拉。
②understand with the mind 领悟；理解 eg:
I couldn’t grasp the teacher’s meaning. 我没领悟老师的意思。
(2)n. firm hold or grip; power of grasping 紧握；抓紧；领悟力 eg:
He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the problem. 他没有彻底理解这个问题。
(3)短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp 为某人所不能/能抓到的；为某人所不能/能理解的。
3． master vt. , vi & n.
(1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成为……的主人；征服；控制
eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情
It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困难的。
②gain as a skill 精通；熟练 eg:
master English 精通英语 master foreign affairs 精通外交事务
He never mastered the art of the public speaking. 他从未掌握当众演讲的艺术。
(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主
②male head of a household 家里的男主人
③captain of a merchant ship 商船的船长
④male teacher 男教师 eg:
the master of the house 一家之长
the maths master 数学教师 a master’s degree 硕士学位
4．arrange vt. & vi.
(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:
She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花。
Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 他离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。
(2)make plans in advance 预做计划 eg:
The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局为我们去罗马的旅行准备了一切。
(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 为……安排…… eg:
Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist. 母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。
(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:
I have arranged him to meet her. 我安排他和她见面。
(5)arrange with sb. to do … 约定与某人做…… eg:
We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball. 我们约好和他们队打一场棒球。
(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:
He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. =
He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一周召开。
5． failure n.
(1)[U] failing; lack of success 失败；不成功 eg:
Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
(2)[C] instance of failing; person, attempt or thing that fails 失败的事例；失败的人，企图或失败的事物 eg:
He was a failure as a teacher. 他不是个好老师。
Success came after many failures. 失败多次之后终于成功。
6． locate vt. & vi.
(1)discover, show the locality of 找出……的位置，指出……的位置 eg:
locate a town on a map 在地图上找出一城市的位置
(2)establish in a place 在一地点设置 eg:
a new school to be located in the suburbs 将设置在郊区的一所新学校
(3)be located 位于 eg:
Our school is located in the center of the town. 我们学校坐落于市中心。
(4)比较location n.
[U] locating or being located 指定位置
[C] position or place 位置；地方 eg:
The hill is a good location for the new church. 那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。
7． organ n.
(1)any part of an animal body or plant 动植物器官 eg:
the organs of speech, the tongue, teeth, lips, etc. 语言器官（如舌、牙、唇等）
(2)organization 组织，机构 eg:
Parliament is the chief organ of the government. 国会是政府的主要机关。
(3)musical instrument from which sounds are produced by air forced through pipes, played by keys pressed with the fingers and pedals pressed with the feet 风琴
同、近义词辨析
1．likely, possible 与probable
（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事。 eg：
It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。
She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。
（2）possible 不能用人做主语。possible 常用于下列句型：
It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth.
It is possible that … eg:
Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？
It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。
（3）probable 也不能用人做主语。一般只用于下面句型中：
It is probable that … eg:
It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。
（4）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物做主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:
He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come. 他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.
（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。
2．catch, grasp, seize 与snatch
catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:
The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。
He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。
He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。
The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。
知识点补充
1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 无论中国将来会有什么样的成就，其中许多可能就诞生在北京的西北部。
（1）in store 就要到来，必将发生 eg:
Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道我们将来注定如何？
（2）in store 也有储存着，备用的意思 eg:
The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名赛跑的人为最后冲刺贮存精力。
2． Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry. 在20世界90年代末中关村作为高新科技特区被创立并迅速成为中国高科技工业的先锋。
（1）set up-establish 建立 eg:
The government has set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立工作组调查此问题。
（2）in the late 1990s 又可写成in the late 1990’s 二十世纪九十年代末
in the early 1980s 二十世纪八十年代初
（3）hi-tech= high technology 高科技，高技术
3． When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. 当我获得硕士学位时，我想回到家乡，可是我没能找到学有所用的公司。
（1）本句是一个复合句。When I got my master’s degree 为时间状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词wanted。wanted和couldn’t find为并列谓语动词，由并列连词but连接。where I could use what I had learnt为定语从句，修饰先行词company。what I had learnt 为宾语从句。
（2）a master’s degree 硕士学位 a doctor’s degree 博士学位a bachelor’s degree 学士学位
又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士Bachelor of Science 理学学士
4．I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family. 我永远不会忘记当再次踏上中国土地和我的朋友及亲人团聚时，那种感觉有多幸福。
（1）本句是复合句。How happy I was …为宾语从句。when I set foot in China again and was back with … 为时间状语从句。
（2）set foot in/on 进入，踏进 eg:
She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned.
她说直到这屋子收拾好了她才住进去。
No man has ever set foot on that deserted island. 没有人曾光顾过那个荒芜的岛。
5． “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”- makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. “依靠科学，技术，知识发展经常”，它阐明了科学和商业能够且必须结合在一起共创未来。
（1）此句为复合句。it为形式宾语，代表that引导的宾语从句。
（2）rely on/upon信赖，依赖 eg: He can always be relied upon or help. 他的帮助是永远可依赖的。
You may rely on my early arrival. 你放心好了，我会早到的。
（3）make…clear 表明，讲清楚 eg:
Have I made myself clear? 我讲清楚了吗？
They wanted to make it clear that they did an important and necessary job. 他们想说明他们做着一项重要且必要的工作。
6． …but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguanzun. 但是我们为所有这些在中关村富有活力的新技术和卓越的想法而感到激动。
（1）that are coming to life in Zhongguancun 为定语从句，修饰先行词ideas。
（2）come to life 苏醒；恢复生气 eg:
We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life.
我们都以为他淹死了，但经过一小时的人工呼吸后，他又苏醒了。
When I told the students the good news, they all came to life.
当我告诉学生们这个好消息时，他们都活跃起来了。
The Fifth Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words: brand , luggage , achieve , organ
2. Review the words appearing in the last two periods.
3. Learn about Word Formation.
Teaching Important Points;
1. Learn some words which are closest in meaning,
2. Study the ways of forming a word.
3. Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.
Teaching Difficult Point;
How to help the students master some knowledge of Word Formation,
Teaching Methods;
1. Doing exercises to review the learnt words.
2. Studying and practising to master the ways of forming a word.
3. Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures :
Step I Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step II Revision
In the last period, we read the passage Zhongguancun and learned much about it. Now, who can tell me something about it? Get some Ss to try it.
Zhongguancun, in Beijing's Haidian District, is the new centre for Chinese science and technology. The centre itself got started in the early 1980s and was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s. Then it quickly became the leader of China's hi-tech industry. A growing number of overseas have returned to China and grasped the opportunity to develop their ideas at Zhongguancun. Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science. Today, there are more than 8 000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun, more than half of which are IT companies. What has made Zhongguancun a success is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill.
We all know Zhongguancun is the leader of China's hi-tech industry as Silicon Valley in the USA. So sometimes it is called China's Silicon Valley. In the last class, I asked you to use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas. Now who'd like to tell us how similar or different they are?
Both Zhongguancun and Silicon Valley are home to Internet industry as well as hi-tech companies, most of which are founded by students, faculty and staff members from the surrounding universities. However* as a fledgling hi-tech community, Zhongguancun has many differences from Silicon Valley. Silicon Valley has evolved a culture that is tuned to market-driven innovation, while in Zhongguancun, innovation is still largely driven by technology. In addition, investors in Silicon Valley are frequently an integral parts of companies day-to-day operations. While in Zhongguancun. Investors has been used only as a source of financing.
Let's do an exercise.
Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Find the right explanation for each word.
1. zone 2. significant 3. institute 4. achievement 5. announce
6. grasp 7. giant 8. perfect
A. something you have worked hard for and done well
B. to say something in public
C. to take hold of something firmly
D. a group of people who want to study a special thing, or the building used by such a group
E. without any fault or bad points
F. large and important; having a special meaning
G. unusually large person, animal, plant, business organization, etc.
H. area or region with a particular feature or use
Suggested answers: l.-H 2.-F 3.-D 4.-A 5. -B 6.-C 7. -G 8. -E
Step III Word Study
Page 5. We'll deal with Word Study. First, Word Study. Then, Word Formation. Look at the exercise in Word Study now. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part. First, do it by yourself. Then check the answers with your partner. In the end, collect the right answers.
Suggested answers:
LA 2.B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C
Step IV Word Formation
Word formations
1. introduce the main ways of word formation: (the following may be of help during your teaching)
The main Processes of English Word-formation:
a. Prefixation: disagree, unimportant, non-smoker, minibus, overuse, antibiotics, underdeveloped, post-war, pre-school, renew, bimonthly, multi-racial;
b. Suffixation: percentage, girlhood, Londoner, hostess, employee, puzzlement, hopeless, changeable, talkative, deepen;
c. Conversion: desire-v. to long for, to wish/ n. strong longing, earnest wish; hit-v, to give a blow/ n. blow; They downed the tools.
d. Compounding: deadline, above-mentioned, chewing-gum, sun-bather, table talk, fathead, redcap, easygoing, sleep-walk,
The minor processes of English word-formation:
e. clipping or shortening: phone (for telephone), ad (for advertisement), prof (for professor), flu (for influenza), pub (for public house);
f. Acronyms(首字母缩略词): UN, VIP, NATO,DA (Doctor of Arts) , H-bomb (Hydrogen bomb);
g. Blending: branch, motel, Eurasia,
h. Back-formation: to beg from beggar, to baby-sit from baby-sitter, to greed from greedy.
i .Forming new words by analogy:
Moonrise is derived from the word sunrise by analogy.
j. Onomatopoeia:
Bark, giggle, bang, murmur.
2. Ss study examples on p6 and see if they can tell the processes of the words.
Study Word Formation. First, look at the words on the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
international = inter-+ national
telephone = tele- + phone :
mankind = man+ kind
broadband= broad + band
extremely = extreme + ly
manned = man+ -ed
hi-tech= high + technology
e-school = electronic school
IT=information technology
CSA = Chinese Space Agency
The Ss are given two minutes to study the words and find out the ways of forming a word. Then ask some students to explain how they are formed.
Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the
right.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
trans-
-graph
tele-
super-
co-
vis-
bio-
Sub-
-port- carry
see
below
life
together/with
more than usual
far
across
writing
The Ss are given two minutes to prepare. Then check your answers.
Suggested answers:
trans- = across tele- = far co- = together/with bio- = life vis- = see -graph= writing -port-= carry sub-= below super-=more than usual
Please look at the screen. Let's do another exercise.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.
1. ____ Many countries import most of the oil they use.
2. ____ He studied biophysics at college.
3. ____ It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.
4. ____ All your luggage will be transported to the destination by train. 5. ____ My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a
superstar.
(Teacher asks some students to do it. One student, one sentence. )
Suggested answers :
1．进口 2.生命物理 3.合作 4.运输 5.超级歌星
Step V Consolidation
Page 6 and look at Part 4. Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed. First, look at the given example to make sure you know how to do it. Then work in pairs to finish it. After a few minutes, check your answers.
Suggested answers
showcase= show+ case breakthrough= break + through
bioengineering = bio- + engineering outstanding = out + standing
enable= en- + able restore = re- + store
indirectly = indirect+-ly strengthen= strength+-en
Step VI Summary and Homework
T. Well. Let's see what we've learnt in this class. First, we've reviewed the words learnt in the last period. Then, we've learnt about Word Formation CD. We've learnt some ways of forming a word, such as derivation, compound and short form. This way, we know how to guess new words according to the meanings of the stems and affixes as well as the context clues. After class, please review what we've learnt in this class and preview the next part in this unit - Integrating Skills.
Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Third Period
Word Formation
Ways of forming a word
a. derivation: international, telephone, extremely, manned
b. compound: mankind, broadband
c. short form: hi-tech, e-school, IT, CSA
The Sixth Period
Teaching Aims;
1. Learn and master the following words and phrases:
boom, put forward, breakthrough, agency, announce, evolution, supercomputer
2. Train the students' integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Help the students understand the passages exactly and master the following words and phrases: put forward, aim at, announce, map out
2. Learn to write a persuasion essay to train the students' writing ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students finish the task of writing.
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast and then careful reading to improve the students' reading ability.
2. Learning tips to help the students learn to write a persuasion essay.
3. Individual, pair or group work to make the students finish each task.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures-
Step I Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step II Revision and Lead-in
(Show the following on the screen. )
Study the sentences and guess the meaning of each underlined word. Explain how the word is formed.
1. The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
2. She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.
3. He is a kind of intellectual superman.
4. The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate (with each other).
5. Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil,
6. Have you read an e-book?
7. When did China join the WTO?
8. They helped us to map out a long-term plan.
Suggested answers
1. output = out+ put产量
2. substandard = sub-+ standard低于标准的，不够标准的
3. superman = super-+ man超人
4. intercommunicate= inter- + communicate互相联系
5. transplant=trans-+plant移植
6. e-book = electronic +book电子图书
7. WTO＝World Trade Organization世贸组织
8. long-term=long + term长期的
Today, we've going to read about some scientific achievements in China. First，let's learn the new words.
(Teacher shows the screen and deals with the new words.)
boom /bu:m/.n. (经济、工商业的)繁荣（期），迅速发展期；（营业等的）激增，
put forward提出，建议；推荐’
△rejuvenate / / vt. 繁荣昌盛；使返老还童；使恢复（青春）活力，
breakthrough／/ n．（知识或技术领域的）重大突破；重大进展（发现）
（军事上的）突围；
△impressive / / .adj. 激动人心的；感人的．给人深刻印象的：
agency／ / n.（行政或职能）机构；代理机构
announce／ / vt. 宣布．宣告
△genome／/ n:基因组；染色体组
△element／ / n．元素；要素，组成部分：
evolution, / / n．发展，展开：进化
△byte /bait/，．［计〕字节．比特，
supercomputer / / n．超级计算机‘：
△humanoid／ / adj. 具有人的形状或特点的；类人的。
Step III Reading
Page 7. Look at Reading and Writing. Read each passage quickly and find out the answers to the following two questions on the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1. What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?
2. Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?
( After a while, teacher checks the answers. )
1. The plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”.
2. Exploring space, genetic research, computer engineering and medical science.
(Teacher writes the answers above on the blackboard.)
Read the passages again carefully, trying to understand them more exactly and pay attention to some detailed information. After that, work in groups to complete the chart after the passages according to what is tearnt from the text. After four minutes, check answers.
Suggested answers:
Exploring space
Achievements: The Chinese space Agency has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series.
Importance: The rockets are used to prepare for the nation's first manned space flight.
Genetic research
Achievements: Chinese scientists have completed mapping out their part of the international human genetic project,
Importance; It has proved that Chinese scientists are among the world's best. It helps to solve the mysteries of life.
Computer engineering
Achievements: Chinese computer engineers have developed the supercomputer Shenwei.
Importance: The nation's first humanoid robot has been built.
Medical science
Achievements: Scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells.
Importance: The breakthrough makes the cure of deadly disease possible.
(After that, teacher deals with the language points. )
Now, let's learn some useful words and expressions. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen and gives brief explanations to make sure the students understand how to use them correctly.)
1. put forward: advance, propose or suggest sth. for discussion
e. g. He is putting forward radical proposals for electoral reform.
2. aim at: intend or try to do sth.
e. g. We must aim at increasing exports.
3. announce : make (sth. ) known publicly
e. g. They announced their engagement to the family.
Have they announced when the race will begin?
4. map out: present sth. in detail
e. g. He mapped out his ideas on the news project.
Step IV Listening and Reading Aloud
Play the tape for the Ss to listen. The first time, listen and follow. The second time, listen and repeat.
(Teacher begins to play the tape. )
Step V Writing
Writing part. The Ss have been asked by the magazine Modern Science to help them choose the greatest scientific achievement ever. Write a short essay, telling them which achievement you
have chosen and explaining why you think that it is the most important. In order that they can write your essay better. They’d better read and study the tips at Page 8 carefully before writing.
Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Fourth Period
I . Areas
exploring space
genetic research
computer engineering
medical science
II. Words and phrases
put forward
aim at
announce
map out
The Seventh Period
Revision:
Go over the important points in this unit once again, and give Ss some additional reading materials if possible.
Zhongguancun Science Park is China's biggest science park with a high concentration of scientific and technological institutions and intellectual resources. Located in this area are 39 institutions of higher learning represented by Beijing University and Tsinghua University. There are 213 research institutions as exemplified by the institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and 37% of the academicians of both the CAS and CAE are living and working in this area. Each year, thousands of sophisticated research discoveries emerge in this area and pour out to all places throughout China. Many state-level laboratories and important engineering and technology centers are concentrated in this area too. Zhongguancun Science Park is the largest software development and production center in China.
Zhongguancun Science Park in fact is composed of five science zones like Haidian Zone, Fengtai Zone, Changping Zone, the Electronic City Zone and Yizhuang Zone. Some ten thousand new and hi-tech enterprises, such as Legend, Stone, Founder, Zhongguancun Science and Technology, Tsinghua Tongfang, Netease, are all doing their business at Zhongguancun. In addition, there are some 1500 R&D centers and hi-tech companies set up by or invested by renowned overseas transnational companies like IBM, Microsoft, Mitsubishi in this area as well as 40 overseas listed companies. At present Zhongguancun has become the most important growth point in the economic development of the capital which makes a contribution of 60% of the total industrial growth of the city. The business income generated from the industry, trade and technology of Zhongguancun Science Park in 2001 accounted for 18% of the total income of all the 53 national new and hi-tech parks.
In June 1999, the State Council of China officially approved the “Note of Request to Expedite the Building of Zhongguancun Science Park for the Purpose of Implementing the Strategy of Rejuvenating the Country through Science and Education” by the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology and instructed the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology to speed up the construction process of Zhongguancun Science Park in order to build it into a comprehensive reform trial base for implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the two essential changes, a model base of international technical innovation with competitiveness, an incubator and radiating center for its scientific and technological achievements with its footing in the capital city of Beijing but facing the whole country and a base for training innovators and a first-class science park in the world. This is the most important trans-century decision made by the central government after its decisions of establishing the Shenzhen Special Zone in 1980s and opening up Shanghai's Pudong area in 1990s.
Beijing People's Municipal Government promulgated “Regulations of the Zhongguancun Science Park” on January 1, 2001, which provides the legal basis and guideline for its future development. The Park is now moving on at vigorous strides in promoting technology innovation in accordance with the principle of “Bold innovation in the areas not banned by the law” with the ambition of achieving great changes every year and make the Park a first-rate science park in the world within 10 years.
Zhongguancun is indeed a place full of opportunities and challenges as well as bright hopes. All domestic and overseas companies and individuals are welcome to Zhongguancun for business development.
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