初中英语常用语法 教学总结(人教版英语中考复习)

以下是小编精心整理的初中英语常用语法 教学总结(人教版英语中考复习)，本文共13篇，希望对大家有所帮助。本文原稿由网友“毛毛虎”提供。

篇1：初中升高中英语语法总结（部分一） 备课资料(人教版英语中考复习)

二、初高中英语衔接

专题一：名词考点集汇，讲解和训练

【名师点睛】

一、名词的数

1．单数和复数

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：

（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。

（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes

box→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。

（3）以ce, se, ze,（d）ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orange-oranges。

（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boy→boys, day→days。

（5）以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如：zoo→zoos，radio→radios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photo→photos，piano→pianos。

（6） 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves, half→halves。

复数词尾s（或es）的读音方法如下表所示。

复数词尾s（或es）的读音方法

情 况 读法 例 词

在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后 [s] cups, hats, cakes

在[s][z][t][d3][F]等音后 [iz] glasses, pages, oranges,

buses, watches,faces

在[b][d][g][v]等浊辅音后 [z] beds, dogs, cities, knives

（7）少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。

【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：men workers， women teachers。

有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。

（8）单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。

（9）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。例如 an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk。

（10）还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。

（11）只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：

科学名词：physics, mathematics/maths

游戏名称：bowls

专有名词：the United States, Niagara Falls

其他名词：news, falls

2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法

在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量的概念”，可以用以下两种方法：

（1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：

The rich man has a lot of money．

There is some milk in the bottle．

Is there any water in the glass？

I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice．

（2）用a piece of 这类定语，例如：

a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread

a bottle of orange a glass of water（milk） a cup of tea

a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice

如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：

two cups of tea

four pieces of paper

three glasses of water

不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。

二、名词的所有格

名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 's,其复数形式是s'，例如：a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 's，如：Children's Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 's，例如：a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格，例如：a friend of my father's。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。

两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。

【演练】

1．--- Where have you been, Tim?

--- I’ve been to ______.

A. the Henry houseB. the Henry family

C. The Henry’s home D. Henry’s

2．In England, if ____ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.

A. food B. lunch C. breakfast D. dinner

3．You looked for it twice, but you haven’t found it. Why not try ____ .

A. three times B. a third time C. the third time D. once

4．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?

--- Certainly.

A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water

C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters

5．Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.

A. tooth B. feet C. hand D. ear

6．There is some _______ on the plate.

A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears

7．In England, the last name is the _______ .

A. family name B. middle C. given name D. full name

8．They are going to fly _______ to Beijing.

A. Germen B. Germany C. Germanys D. Germans

9．The______ has two _______ .

A. boys; watches B. boy; watch C. boy; watches D. boys; watch

10．The little baby has two _______ already.

A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths

11．What’s your _______ for being late again?

A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news

12．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.

--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.

A. woman and children B. women and child

C. woman and childD. women and children

13．--- You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign “_______ ”on the door of his shop.

--- Thanks.

A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESS HOURS

C.THIS SIDE UP D.NO SMOKING

14．Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ?

A. Children’s Day B. Childrens’s Day

C. Childrens DayD. Children Day

15．Where are the students? Are they in _______ ?

A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room

【练习答案】

1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B

专题二：形容词、副词考点集汇，讲解和训练

【名师点睛】

1. 形容词的用法

(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如：

Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语）

The fish went bad. （作表语）

We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）

(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。

I have something important to tell you.

Is there anything interesting in the film.

(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。

Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.

You can take any box away, big or small.

(4) the＋形容词表示一类人或物

The rich should help the poor.

2. 副词的用法

(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。

He studies very hard. （作状语）

Life here is full of joy. （作定语）

When will you be back? （作表语）

副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：

1)时间副词

时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：

He often comes to school late.

What are we going to do tomorrow?

He is never been to Beijing.

2)地点副词

地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如：

I met an old friend of mine on my way home.

He went upstairs.

Put down your name here.

3)方式副词

方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如：

The old man walked home slowly.

Please listen to the teacher carefully.

The birds are flying high.

He runs very fast.

4)程度副词

程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如：

Her pronunciation is very good.

She sings quite well.

I can hardly agree with you.

5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why等。例如：

How are you getting along with your studies?

Where were you yesterday?

Why did you do that?

(2)副词在句中的位置

1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：

Mr Smith works very hard.

She speaks English well.

2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：识急硎尽耙病保但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：

She can dance, and I can dance, too.

I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either.

3) already, yet

already一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：

He has already left.

Have you heard from him yet?

He hasn’t answered yet.

4) so, neither

so和neither都可用于倒装句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。

例如：

My brother likes football and so do I.

My brother doesn’t li7?br>1) very, much

这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：

She is a very nice girl

I’m feeling much better now.

Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：

I don’t like the idea much.

They did not talk much.

2) too, either

这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：

She can dance, and I can dance, too.

I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either.

3) already, yet

already一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：

He has already left.

Have you heard from him yet?

He hasn’t answered yet.

4) so, neither

so和neither都可用于倒装句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。

例如：

My brother likes football and so do I.

My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I.

3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

(1) 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物），用比较级。

Our teacher is taller than we are.

The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.

(2) most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 “极,很,非常, 十分”。

It's most dangerous to be here.

在这儿太危险。

(3)“The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级...”表示“越... 就越...”。

The more you study, the more you know.

(4) “形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级”, 表示 “ 越来越...”。

It's getting hotter and hotter.

(5) 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。

This box is as big as mine.

(6) the + 形容词，表示某种人。

He always helps the poor.

(7) 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

【演练】

1．There are many young trees on sides of the road.

A. every B. each C. both D. all

2．--- It’s so cold today.

--- Yes, it’s than it was yesterday.

A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold

3．Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone.

A. more B. a little C. many D. few

4．She isn’t so at maths as you are.

A. well B. good C. better D. best

5．Peter writes of the three.

A. better B. bestC. good D. well

6．He is enough to carry the heavy box.

A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest

7．I bought exercise-books with money.

A. a few; a few B. a few; a little

C. a little; a few D. a little; a little

8．The box is heavy for the girl carry.

A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to

9．The ice in the lake is about one meter . It’s strong enough to skate on.

A. long B. high C. thick D. wide

10．Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.

A. so B. much C. very D. too

11. Jone looks so _______ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.

A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily

12. The smile on my father’s face showed that he was ______ with me.

A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry

13. ---Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?

---Certainly, we can buy ______ one than this, but ______ this.

A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as

C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as

14. ---This digital camera is really cheap!

---The ______ the better. I’m short of money, you see.

A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive

15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _______ as possible.

A. often B. long C. hard D. soon

16. Paul has ______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

A. many B. some C. few D. more

17. English people _____ use Mr. Before a man’s first name.

A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes

18. ---One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.

---Right. The government spoke ______ that.

A. highly for B. high of

C. well ofD. highly of

19. ---Remember this, children. ______ careful you are, ______ mistakes you will make.

---We know, Miss Gao.

A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more

C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less

20. I have ________ to do today.

A. anything important B. something important

C. important nothing D. important something

【练习答案】

1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B

篇2：初中英语常用动词习惯用法 教学总结(人教版英语中考复习)

1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)

My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.

2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)

My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone.

be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.

3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.

4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night.

5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.

6. be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there.

be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 they were amazed at the news

7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (常考)

e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work.

8. be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)

the bus is coming/the dog is dying.

9. be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.

be excited at sth. Lily was excited at his words.

be excited about doing sth. he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.

10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.

11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事 she is happy to clean the blackboard with me.

be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 she was pleased to help the old man yesterday.

be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意 the teacher was pleased with my answer.

12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

she is interested in swimming in the river. My brother is interested in Chinese.

13. be/get ready for/to do sth. Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备 We are ready for the exam.

Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备 We are ready to have a birthday party for her.

get ready for sth.为某事在做准备 We are getting ready for the exam.

get ready for sth. 为做某事而做准备13. be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉

14. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇

15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考)

16. begin to do sth. begin/start to do/doing sth.

17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……

18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.

19. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事

20. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 make up one’s mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考)

make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定

21. deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……

22. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事

23. enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事

24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事

25. fail to do sth. 做某事失败 succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事

26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)

27. follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事

28. get sb. to do sth. make sb. do sth. let sb. do sth.

29. get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会

30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb. buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.

31. go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考) go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)

32. hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事

33. have fun doing sth.

34. have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困难

35. have sb. do sth. have sth. done have sth. to do 有事要做

36. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考) hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见) 37. help to do sth. 帮忙做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事

39. I t seems that 这像是……（后接从句） seem to do sth. seem +adj.

40. It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. It’s + adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.

e.g: It’s glad for him to hear the news.

41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)

42. pay …for… cost spend…on…..it take …to do sth.

43. It’s best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的

had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)

44. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了

45. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)

keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考) keep sb./ sth. +adj.

keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)

46. learn to do sth. 学做某事learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习

47. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事

48. need to do sth.need doing sth./to be doneneed sth . needn’t do sth.

49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)

prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……

e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。

prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事

50. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……

51. remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事

52. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 (结果) see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)

be seen to do sth. 做某事被看见

53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 (词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)

e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。

54. spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)

spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 买……花了多少钱

55. Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很难/容易

56. stop to do sth. 停下来去某事(两件事) (常考) stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)

stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)

57. take turns to do sth. 轮流做……

58. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事 be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事

59. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事

60. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth. have no time to do sth. 没时间做某事

61. too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… so… that… not… enough to do

e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。

62. try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try to do sth. 试着(图)做某事

63. used to do sth. 过去常做某事( used to be + adj./ a +n)

e.g: Mr. wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。

I used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村。

64. want/would like to do sth. 想做…… want/would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做……

feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式

65. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)

66. Why don’t you do sth.? Why not do sth ? 表示建议的句型还有：What How about……? (如果是动词，要用ing形式) Shall we……?

67. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? Yes, I’d love to.

68. Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗？

Never mind/Not at all/of course not/certainly not. (从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)

69. Would you please (not) do sth. 你可不可以不做……？

70. finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practise doing sth.be good at doing sth.be good at doing sth. thank you for doing sth. stop doing sth. be good at doing sth. give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sthgo on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sthfeel like doing sthhate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sthbe afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to sth/doing sth

71. 非延续性动词(终止性动词)1) buy---have(has)had 2) borrow---have(has)kept 3) leave---have(has)been away 4) go ---have(has)been away/in… 5) come ---have(has)here/in…6) die ---have(has)been dead

7) join---have(has)been a member of/in… 8) begin---have(has)on 9) stop---have(has)been over 例如: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. It is three days since his dog died.

His dog died three days ago.

72. 感官动词:(主动语态不带to) 1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2. hear/see/watch sb doing sth

1)We often hear him sing the song. 2)I saw him swimming in the river just now.

被动语态带to: He is often heard to sing the song.

役使动词: (主动语态不带to) make/let sb do sth. His father often makes him do this and that.

被动语态带to: He is often made to do this and that by his father.

篇3：初中英语同义句转换 教学总结(人教版英语中考复习)

1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not来改变谓语结构，但也有借用否定意义的词，如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly等，例如：：

A：Tom does well in maths.B：Tom doesn’t do well in maths.

A：He has much to do. B：He has nothing to do.

A：All of my classmates like art. B：None of my classmates likes art.

2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少，来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如：

A：My brother often has breakfast at school.B： Does your brother often have breakfast at school?

A：Tom’s already weak in English. B：Tom’s already weak in English, isn’t he ?

A：The red light changes every two minutes.B：How often does the red light change?

3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性，来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式，例如：

A：This is an interesting book. B：What an interesting book this is! 或 How interesting this book is!

1、同义词或词组之间的转换。（通常上下句时态保持一致）。 常见的同义词或词组有：

1. “花费”spend-take-cost-take；2. “到达”get to-reach-arrive in/at；3. “收到…来信”hear from-get a letter from

-receive a letter from-have a letter from4. “擅长于…”be good at -do well in5. “有空”be free-have time；6. “入睡”go to sleep-get to sleep-fall asleep；(7) “玩得开心”enjoy oneself-have a good time；(8)“给…打电话”call sb-telephone sb-ring sb. a call-make a telephone to sb.(9)“飞往…”fly to…-go to…by air/plane(10)“自学”teach oneself-learn…by oneself(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help… (to)do…(12)在…差be weak in…-do badly

in…(13)能/会…can-be able to更喜欢…like…better than…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…be full of…-be filled with…(16)放弃干…give up doing…-stop doing…(17)不再… no longer-not …any longer(18)照顾/保管 take care of…-look after

(19)展览 on show-on display(20)阻止…干…stop…from doing-keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于 thanks to-because

of…(22)举手hands up-put up one’s hands(23)最后，终于at last-in the end(24)与…不同 be different from…-be not the

same as…(25)从…借入… borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的 go to…by bus/train/taxi-take a bus /train to

(27)乘自行车去… go to…by bike-ride a bike to…(28)为…感到自豪 be proud of…-be the pride of…(29)步行去… walk to…-go to…on foot (30)独自地by oneself -alone等。

例如： A：The children had a good time in the park. B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.

2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有①It seems that 从句→Somebody seems（to be）+adj/n ②It’s kind of sb. to do…→Somebody is kind to do… ③What does…mean?→What do you mean by…?或What’s

the meaning of…?④There is something wrong with…→Something is wrong with… ⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换 ⑥What’s wrong with…?→What’s the matte with…? ⑦How is…?→What’s…like…?⑧How do

you like…?→What do you think of?⑧It’s time that…→It’s time for sb. to do…⑨It’s said that…→People say that…⑩Can I help you? →What can I do for you?

例如： A：I went to bed after I finished my homework. B：I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.

3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：

A:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, they’ll go to the park. B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they’ll go to the park.

A：If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late. B：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

A：Fish can’t live if there is no water. B：Fish can’t live without water.

4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中，结束性动词不能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有：buy-have, borrow-keep, die-be dead, open-be open, join-be in+组织/be a +成员, begin-be on, leave-be away from, close-be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/go to-be in/at, finsh-be over, go to sleep-be asleep，get up-be up.

例如：The old man died five months ago.The old man has been dead since five months ago.

The old man has been dead for five months.

It’s five months since the old man died.Five months has passed since the old man died.

5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。 ①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如：

A I saw they were playing football on the playground. B saw them playing football on the playground.

A：The teacher found that she was very clever. B：The teacher found her very clever.

A：He found that it was hard to learn English well. B：He found it hard to learn English well.

A：We are sure that we will win to first match. B：We are sure to win to first match.

由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如：

A：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? B：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?

A：We don’t know what we should do next. B：We don’t know what to do next.

②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until + doing…

例如： A：They went home after they finished their work. B：The went home after finishing their work.

A：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China. B：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.

When sb. +be+数词+years old→at the age of+岁数

A：When he was twelve years old, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…to do或…enough to do……例如：

A：The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. B：The box is too heavy for me to carry.

或：The box isn’t light enough for me to carry.

A：The child is so old that he can go to school. B：The child is old enough to go to school.

④由so that 引导的目的状语从句可转化为in order to do例如：

A：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.

B：My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.

⑤由because 引导的原因状语从句可转化为because of…例如：

A：We didn’t go to the park because it rained. B：We didn’t go to the park because of the rain.

⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如：

A：The man who is on the bike is Jim. B：The man on the bike is Jim.

A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss. B：The man driving the red car is my boss.

A：The girl who is called Mary is my sister. B：The girl called Mary is my sister.

6、用并列连词neither…nor；either…or…；both…and…；not only…but also…连句。例如：

A：I haven’t seen a TV play for long, and Lily hasn’t either. B：Neither I nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.

A：Tom is good at maths, and he is good at French, too. B：Tom is good at both maths and French.

neither…nor…, either…or…和not only…but also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定，即“就近原则”，但是both…and用来连接两个主语时，谓语复数。

7、主动语与被动语态的互变。 “主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。“三变”即是主语，谓语和宾语的变化，“二不变”即时态不变，句式不变。例如：

A：They make watches in the town. B：Watches are made by them in the town.

A：I can finish the work before eight. B：The work can be finished（by me）before eight.

A：Do they grow rice in South China? B：Is rice grown in South China?

注：使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时，必须加上to.

A：I saw him take your umbrella. B：He was seen to take your umbrella.

8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化，例如

A：Chinese is the most important subject of all. B：Chinese is more important than any other subject.

A：This exercise is easier than the other two. B：This exercise is the easiest of the three.

篇4：高中英语语法总结 教学总结(人教版英语高考复习)

第一章 名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一． 主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：

a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。

b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。

c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）

d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）

2. 用it 作形式主语的结构

(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句

It is a fact that … 事实是…

It is an honor that …非常荣幸

It is common knowledge that …是常识

(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句

It is natural that…很自然…

It is strange that…奇怪的是…

(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句

It seems that… 似乎…

It happened that… 碰巧…

It appears that… 似乎…

(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句

It is reported that… 据报道…

It has been proved that… 已证实…

It is said that… 据说…

3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：

（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.

错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.

（3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.

错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.

（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.

错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.

（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?

错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?

4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

a) What you said yesterday is right.

b) That she is still alive is a consolation

二．宾语从句

宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。

1. 作动词的宾语

(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：

I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。

(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：

a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。

b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。

(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：

She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。

2. 作介词的宾语，例如：

Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。

3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：

I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。

注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

4. it 可以作为形式宾语

it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：

We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。

5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词

这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：

正确表达：I admire their winning the match.

错误表达：I admire that they won the match.

6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：

正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.

错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.

7. 否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。

三. 表语从句

表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：

1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.

2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.

3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.

4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.

四. 同位语从句

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

1. 同位语从句的功能

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：

1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.

2. 同位语在句子中的位置

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别

(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：

1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

高一英语名词性从句专项练习

1．____he does has nothing to do with me.

A. whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If

2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____

A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about

C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about

3. Energy is ____makes thing work..

A. what B. something C. anything D. that

4. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while B. that C. when D. as

5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.

A. there B. in which C. where D. when

6. They have no idea at all____.

A. where he has gone B. where did he go

C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone

7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.

A. that B. which C. of which D. of that

8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.

A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave

C. /; must leave D. when; should leave

9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether

10. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.

A. that B. which C. whether D. if

11. Is _____he said really true?

A. that B. what C. why D. whether

12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.

A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where

13. It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.

A. while B. if C. that D. for

14. ???_____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.

A. Whether B. This C. who D. If

15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.

A. What B. That C. Whether D. If

16. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.

A. What B. That C. Who D. How

17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.

A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what

18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.

A. WhatB. It C. All that D. That

19. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.

A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped

20. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

Keys:

1-5 ABABC 6-10 AABAC 11-15 BBCAB 16-20 BCBAA

篇5：初三英语情态动词must 的用法总结 教学案例(人教版英语中考复习)

初三英语情态动词“must”强化训练教学设计

一、教学设计

（一）学情分析（Learning situation analysis）

进入初三我所接手的班级的情况比较复，初一、初二两年频繁调换英语教师，学生的知识不够系统化，学习方法、做题思路等都不够成熟，且基础普遍较差。英语复习课是巩固和发展知识、技能的重要课型.它的作用,就是帮助学生重温已学的知识和技能,使记忆中的痕迹得到强化,并对已获得的知识加以整理、归纳、概括,使知识条理化、系统化.因此教师必须注意引导学生多动脑、多动手、多参加课堂活动。复习课如果上得不好，往往会变成旧课的重复，或者是新课的“再版”。这样不仅不能发挥复习课的作用，而且会使学生因乏味而降低学习兴趣。此教学案例的教学对象是初三学生，整体英语水平较低，且自主学习能力有限，自主学习的习惯还没有形成；大部分学生的基础不牢固，学习习惯较差，学习兴趣不大。

（二）课标与教材分析（Curriculum and teaching material analysis）

按照《国家英语课程标准》要求，现行的英语课堂教学模式应该是以学生为主体的课堂，鼓励学生以参与的方式掌握应用英语语言知识的能力。英语教学目标中是这样描述的：“基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成是建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。”语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证，情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，而学习策略则是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的关键。因此，这五个方面共同促进综合语言使用能力的形成。

（三）教学目标与要点分析（The teaching goal and key points of analysis）

1. The teaching goal (教学目标)：

1）Knowledge objectives (知识目标)：To master modal verb “must”.

To understand some special cases.

2）Ability to target (能力目标)：To use ”can” freely and correctly.

3）Emotional attitude goal (情感态度目标)：To enjoy communicating in English.

2. Teaching important points and difficult points (教学重点和难点)：

1）情态动词must在情景对话中的的用法(The usage of the modal verbs “must” in situational dialogues )

2）表示猜测时的must (“Must” for speculation in tone)

3）怎样回答带有“must”的问句？(How to answer a question with “must” ?)

（四）教学策略设计（The teaching strategy design）：

本堂课的设计着力体现出素质教育思想，以学生为主体，以 “五步”教学法（读、学、点、练、悟）来指导课堂行为。(The design of class strive to embody the thought of quality education, take the student as the main body, in order to “five-step” teaching method, reading, learning, practice and enlightenment, point) to guide classroom behavior.)

（五）、教学过程设计（The teaching process design）：

1、提出问题(To ask a question)：良好的开头是成功的一半，巧妙地、有针对性地提出问题，可以让学生有充分的思想准备，为课堂内容的进行做好热身活动，有利于引出学生的兴趣，提高学生的注意力。

2、自主探究(Independent inquiry)：每一个教学行为的设计都要充分考虑每个学生的可持续性发展，如何学习，使每个学生在课堂上都能够享受整个掌握知识及形成自我能力的过程，在情感态度价值观等方面得到正态发展，并由此走上自我发展的道路。

3、合作交流(Cooperation and communication)：置学生于一种动态、开放、主动、多元的学习环境中。让学生针对所提出的问题进行讨论分析。通过“人人教我，我教人人”的课堂交流结构，使学生在平等、自主、竞争而又和谐的交际活动中掌握英语知识和技能，培养合作观念，分享意识、主体精神和组织创造能力，从而使课堂氛围和谐，真正实现学生在实践中找到方法，在实践中学到知识。通过讨论、合作探究使学生在体验中培养学习兴趣、学习能力和学习信心。

4.归纳总结(generalizations)：在学生讨论交流的基础上，与学生一起概括归纳规律性的知识，从语言知识的运用到做题思路、解题方式加以归纳，从而使学生在已有知识的基础上，把知识、方法系统化。

5.拓展延伸 (Extends it)：课堂上要尽量满足学生的好奇心，注重从模仿到创新的过程，鼓励学生的任何质疑活动。把与疑难点相关联的知识在质疑中加以对比、分析比较，从而使学生的基础知识得以升华，达到知识的网络化。同时，针对学生出现知识点上的薄弱环节，补充相应的练习加以拓展巩固，全员参与，使目标与课堂行为融为一体。

6.巩固训练（Consolidate training）：

二、教学过程实施（Teaching process is carried out）

Step 1: 提出问题(To ask questions)

搭建平台，利用试题导入语法项目 --- 情态动词must 的用法：

1. I think I ____ study hard. (必须)

A. need B. must C. can D. have to

2. You ____ go across the road when the red light is on, this is a traffic rule.（禁止）

A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t

3. This book _____ be Lucy’s ,her name is on it. (一定)

A. should B. can C. must D. may

4.--Must I finish the work today ? (否定回答用need)

--No, you _____.

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

5. --_____ the film be on?

--It _____ be , it is early now.

A. Can ; may B. Must ; can’t

C. May; mustn’t D. Can ; can’t

然后，根据学生对习题的掌握情况，有目的地提出问题，供学生思考、讨论：

（1）must 的最基本用法是什么？

（2）must 在否定句中的怎么用？意义是什么？

（3）猜测句型中使用must 应注意什么？

（4）以must开始的一般疑问句怎么回答？

Step 2. 自主探究、合作交流(Independent inquiry, cooperative and communication):

此过程中，学生可以借助字典，资料书等工具书，查找与问题相关的信息。通过讨论，相互交流各自的观点，达成共识。

Step 3. 归纳总结(generalizations)：

（1）让学生发表自己的见解。

（2）与学生一起归纳总结：

1）must 表示“必须”：无时态区别。语气强硬，必须怎么样。

如：Water must be pure if it is to be drunk。（水如供饮用必须净化）

拓展：

Must与have to 在用法上的区别：

Must表示主观需要，认为有必要或有义务去做某事。无时态变化。

如：I think I must work hard.

Have to 表示客观需要，含有“不得不”“被迫”之意。有时态变化。

如：My mother is ill ,I have to call the doctor .

2).否定形式mustn’t表示“必须不”“不能”“禁止”。

如：These books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room . You have to read them here .

3). 对于以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，而作否定回答时用needn’t，不用 mustn’t。

如：--Must I clean all the rooms?

肯定回答：--Yes, you must.

否定回答：-- No, you needn’t.

4）表示猜测：意为“准是”“一定是”，通常只用于肯定句中。有证据表明“一定是”“准是”

如：Put on more clothes ,You must be feeling cold with only a shirt on .

拓展：“must”的否定句，通常用can’t（不可能） 或 may not（可能不）.

如：This person must be an English teacher.(改为否定句)

This person can’t be an English teacher .

Step 4. 拓展巩固：

1）.根据小结，留几分钟让学生结合试题重新回顾有关内容。

2）.给出相应的练习，趁热打铁，进行进一步巩固：

Best choice:

1）.We ______ pick the flowers in the park .

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. can D. don’t

2）. ---May I put my bike here?

---No, you ____. You should put it over there.（04北京）

A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’tD. won’t

3）.---Do you think the boy ___ be in the school library ?

---I’m not sure .

A. must B. should C. needD can

4）.It rained a lot during their journey, so they _____ had a good time .

A. can’t have B. must have

C. shouldn’t have D. might have

5）.The examination ___ very difficult since only a few of the students passed .

A. could have been B. must have been

C. might have been D. would have been

6）--Must I do the work now?

--No, you ____. You may do it later.

A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t

7）I hear Mr Wang had a car accident this morning. It must be a joke. He ____ so careless.

A. shouldn’t have been B. needn’t

C. shouldn’t be D. couldn’t have been

8）.---Why didn’t you open the door for me last night?

---I didn’t hear the knock. I ___asleep.

A. must beB. must have been C. should be D. should have been

Fill in the blanks with “can / could / may /must”

1) . A: Look, someone is coming. Who ____ it be?

B: It _____be the headmaster.

A: It _____not be him. He has gone to Shanghai.

B: It ______ be Mr. Zhang. He looks like the headmaster.

2). He _____be very friendly at times.

3).The report is written after careful investigation, so it ______ be reliable.

Step 5: Homework:

1) Do the exercises on the revision books

2) Do some exercises about other “model verbs”

附板书设计：

1）must 表示“必须”：无时态区别。

eg：Water must be pure if it is to be drunk。

Must与have to 在用法上的区别：

Must表示主观需要，认为有必要或有义务去做某事。无时态变化。

如：I think I must work hard.

Have to 表示客观需要，含有“不得不”“被迫”之意。有时态变化。

如：My mother is ill ,I have to call the doctor .

2).否定形式mustn’t表示“必须不”“不能”“禁止”。

如：These books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room . You have to read them here .

3). 对于以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，而作否定回答时用needn’t，不用 mustn’t。

如：--Must I clean all the rooms?

肯定回答：--Yes, you must.

否定回答：-- No, you needn’t.

4）表示猜测：意为“准是”“一定是”：

如：Put on more clothes ,You must be feelig cold with only a shirt on .

“must”的否定句，通常用can’t（不可能） 或 may not（可能不）.

如：This person must be an English teacher.(改为否定句)

This person can’t be an English teacher .

篇6：中考英语语法知识总结人教版

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg: I like watching monkeys jump

2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day

共279个语法，一天背一个。先收藏吧!

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraid to go out at night I'm afraid of dog

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to

27 be away from 远离

28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30 be born 出生于

31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心;小心

33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名

35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Beijing. He comes from Beijing. Is he from Beijing? Does he come from Beijing ?

37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water.

38 be glad + to + do /从句

39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your body 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble. They are in trouble.

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观

54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静

56 be short for 表____的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床

58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that

60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to troubleyou

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are no tstrict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格

64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定

66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……

71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样

73 be used to doing sth习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

74 be worth doing 值得做什么

75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

76 because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money 他打扰我借钱给他

82 by the end of 到……为止

83 call sb sth eg : We call him old Wang.

84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future? 你为什么不关心国家的未来?

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人

86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地

87 come in 进

88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好办法吗?

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to Luzhou? 为什么不考虑去泸州?

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事

94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查

95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错

97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……

99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书

100 end up +doing

101 enjoy +doing喜欢

102escape from 从……逃跑 eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来

103expect to do sth 期待做某事

104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来

105 fall in love with sb/sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home

107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting.

109 finish 完成+doing(名词)

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人

111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home. I forget closing door

112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her

113 get /have sth down 做完，被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut我理了发(头发被剪了)

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job

115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

117 get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备 eg : I get ready for math. I am ready for math.

118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦

119get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物

121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物

123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事

125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)

127 good way to 好方法

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会

130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking. You have been sleeping since

132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴

134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth \\one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否=whether

eg: I don't know if (whether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (whether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146 if :如果，假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to Luzhou if it doesn't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 south 南 west 西 east东 )

151 in the sun 在太阳下

152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the price of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now

153 instead of +(名 ) 代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子

I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说) 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me

163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间

eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了

164 join = take part in 参加

165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样?

167 keep out 不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to… answer to … key 可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't laugh at others. We laughed at the joke.

172 learn by oneself 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Leifeng.

174 learn to do sth 学做某事

175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg ：We shouldn't let our parents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望

177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地eg: I live in Luzhou She lives at Xuantan

179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you

183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写

189 make up 和 be made up of (被动语态)由……组成

190 make…difference to…

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么

192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)

198 no / neither of hate to do no / neither of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry anymore He cried no more 他再也不哭

201 not… (形 、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't jump far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不

203 not…either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't Japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐

204 not…until 直到……才……

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar

205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供

206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水

207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈

210 on time 准时 in time 及时

211 one day =some day =someday 一天，有一天

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another 一个到另一个

214 over and over again 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over again

215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作

216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱，付钱

217 please +do

218 please help yourself

219 pleased with sb

220 pool into

221 practice +doing 练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemistry 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理

prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿

eg: My uncle prefers to buy a new car rather than repair the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案

224 rather…than 宁可……也不……

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师

He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫

225 regard…as 把……当作……

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友

He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人

226 remind sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

eg : he reminds me about cooking (he reminds me to cook 他提醒我做饭

227 remind sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校

228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人

229 say to oneself 对自己说

230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend some money on sth 花了多少钱在某事上

232 sb spend some time with sb 花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend some time(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事

234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are

235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired. You seem to be happy

237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?

239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀!吓我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.

241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me

242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.

243 some…others… 一些……另一些……

244 start…with… 从……开始begin…with… 从……开始

245 stay away from 远离……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals when visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay away from the sweet food 如果你想减肥，你最好远离甜食

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名 这样 ，这种

251 suit sb 适合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇

253 take classes 上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital

255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him

③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……

257 talk with sb 和某人说话

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么

263 tell…from…

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名词(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同

267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English

268 the way to…(地点) 到哪的

269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句

eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school

He is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school

270 translate ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Translate English into Chinese

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well

273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了

eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已经做过了

274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下

275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开open 拆开

277 upside down 倒着

278 visit to… 参观某个地方

279 wait for sb 等某人

中考英语题型归纳

一、听力

听力题主要考查整体理解和获取对话核心信息的能力。应试技巧：1.克服紧张心理，放松自己。心态平稳，才能有效发挥。2.试卷下发后，浏览问题题干，快速预测，以便带着问题有目的地去听。3.集中注意力听录音，果断答题。4.要学会放弃。如果有部分信息确实没听清楚，不要纠缠，马上放弃，以免影响后面答题。5.平时听力训练时要养成简写速记的习惯。

二、完形填空

完形填空题考查词汇知识、阅读能力、逻辑推理判断能力。应试技巧：1.快速通读短文，把握大意。特别注重首尾句的理解，抓住各段的主题句，理顺思路，为后面答题做好铺垫。2.在通读全文、理解大意的基础上，根据固定搭配、习惯用法、上下文暗示先选出一部分答案。然后细读全文，联系上下文内容、短语意思、语法法则、固定搭配等，对选项进行逐一比较和筛选，排除错误选项，最终确定正确答案。3.个别无法确定答案的，先跳过，往往能从下文暗示中找到答案。4.通读全文，验证答案。完成答案后，把所选的答案代入原文，通读全文，对所选答案进行核实调整。重要提示：切忌不通读全文，看一空填一空。

三、阅读理解

阅读理解主要考查学生阅读理解、获取信息和处理信息的能力。应试技巧：1.先看问题，再阅读。带着问题快速阅读全文，把握文章大意，明确作者观点和态度，寻求所需要的信息。2.注重主题句，各段的首尾句。3.概括大意，揣摩文章中心，掌握主旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点。4.遇到生词要根据上下文或语境猜词义，不必停顿时间过长。

四、书面表达

书面表达考查学生综合语言运用能力。应试技巧：写作前：1.审题。审题要仔细，理清写作的体裁和格式，明确信息要点及词数限定等。抓住主旨要义，形成书面表达的思路及框架。2.整编。整合信息要点，分清段落层次，编写出提纲。写作中：1.根据体裁和信息要点明确作文所需要的重点句型和短语，尽量使用自己熟知的句型和短语。遇到不会词句，换用另一种意义相近的句式表达。2.遣词造句，用词地道。3.行文连贯。句与句之间，段与段之间连接自然连贯。写作后：1.检查与修改。重点检查：要点是否全面;内容是否完整;格式是否正确;句型、短语是否准确;语法有否错误;拼写有否错误;字数是否符合要求。2.考生在答卷时，写草稿，或写简略提纲，书写清楚规范，做到零涂改，确保卷面整洁。

中考英语考试注意事项

一、听力

1.刚拿到试卷的时候,应该先将听力题目阅读一遍,这样在听听力的时候,也便有了目标性。

2.要仔细阅读,有时间要把选项也看一遍,找出选项间的不同。

3.养成边听边记的习惯,特别是在一些细节的方面,我们可以听的时候,顺手写在试卷的旁边,这样可以迅速的做出判断。

二、单项选择

1.注意题中暗示的有关信息。

2.找准考点。

3.注意审题,排除干扰的选项。

4.多注意平时做题中出现的易错点,考试中也是考试的一个重点。

三、阅读

1.通读全文理解大意。阅读理解应该先将文章通读一遍,这样才能做好每一个题。比如完形填空,有些选项是都可以选择的,可能是要阅读到后面的文章,才能理解前面这个空是怎么选择的。阅读理解就更不用说了,陷阱更多,需要我们仔细的去理解有关内容。

2.精读试填。这要求我们运用所学的语法和词汇知识,根据上下文的联系,对每个题做出准确的判断,考生要注意的就是统筹兼顾,上下统一,这样做出的答案准确性才会高。

3.检查。我们做完之后,可以快速的检查一遍,我们可以带着我们的答案进去检查,遇到讲不通的自然也就是错的。所以这个方法还是很有效果的,希望同学们可以试一下。

篇7：初一英语语法总结 教学总结(人教版英语七年级)

初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法--词法

今天讲的内容1、名词

A）、名词的数

我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：

一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas

二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员

九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡

十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B）名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：

一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day妇女节

三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）

2、代词

项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词

人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性

第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself

复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself

复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself

he him his his himself

it it its its this that itself

复数 they them their theirs these those themselves

3、动词

A） 第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数复数那样加s，如下：

一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes

五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has

B） 现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：

一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：

一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest

二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三） 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)

good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst

little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest

5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、初一英语语法--句式

1.陈述句

肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)

b) He looks very young. (连系动词)

c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)

d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)

e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)

否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.

c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.

e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)

2. 祈使句

肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!

c) Come in, please.

否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.

3. 疑问句

1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?

d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?

肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.

否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.

2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.

3) 特殊疑问句

① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.

② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.

③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.

④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.

How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.

⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?

⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..

What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.

When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.

⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.

⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.

What’s your favourite color? It’s black.

⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.

Who is the boy in blue? My brother.

Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.

Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.

What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.

11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.

What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.

What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.

12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.

13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.

14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.

15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.

16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.

17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.

What’s your father? He’s a doctor.

三、初一英语语法--时态

1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：

Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.

情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.

行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.

Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.

2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.

I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.

Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.

They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.

篇8：中考经典语法 教学案例(人教版英语中考复习)

中考英语语法考点系列导练（一）名词

【考点扫描】

名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它属于一种重要的实词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、标语、定语或状语。常见的考点如下：

1、名词的各种分类。单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。

2、不可数名词数量的表达法。用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数。

3、名词所有格及其用法。以-s结尾的单数名词加“’”或“’s”构成所有格；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“’”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“’s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。

4、名词作主语时的主谓一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数；主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式；谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。

5、语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义，再根据句法进一步确定词形。

6、易混名词的区别。主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。

参考答案

I. 1-5DDACA 6-10 DCBCD 11-15 ADDDC 16-18 DDDBB

II.1.safety 2.kindness 3.north 4.comer 5.visitors 6.hours’ 7.halves 8.turning 9.travellers 10.Frenchmen,Germans

中考英语语法考点系列导练（二）代词

【考点扫描】

代词是用来代替名词的词。它是英语语法结构中的一个重要项目，也是中考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年中考试题，出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。其常见考点如下：

1、人称代词的主、宾格及其语法功能。

2、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区分。

3、反身代词的用法及其语法功能。

4、指示代词this，that，these，those等词在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语的用法。

5、不定代词的用法。

6、疑问、连接、关系代词的用法。

7、it, one(s), that, those等作替代词的用法。

【策略点拨】

考查代词的常见题型有单项选择、词形转换、用单词的适当形式填空、句型转换和英汉互译等。做这类题时，必须首先认真理解全句的意思，先根据语境搞清词义，即确定用哪个词，再根据语法规则确定词形。

参考答案

I. 1-5 ABCCC 6-10 DDDAA 11-15 BBCBB 16-20 CCDDD 21-25 BABAA

Ⅱ1.either 2.something, Anything, something, nothing 3.Nobody 4.another 5.yourseves 6.themselves 7.her 8.yours 9.whose 10.others

Ⅲ 1.mine 2.our 3. itself 4.You,he and I 5.theirs

Ⅳ.1.Neither…nor 2.isn’t , any 3. Which girl is 4.Neither, likes 5.are,there 6.told,nothing 7.isn’t, there 8.which/that,is 9.None,of,have/has 10.is,there

中考英语语法考点系列导练（三） 冠词

【考点扫描】

冠词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成份，它们一般用于名词之前。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）之分。根据英语教材中冠词的用法及对各地中考英语试题的分析，有关冠词的和考点如下：

1、不定冠词a和an的概念及基本用法。不定冠词a/an泛指人或事物中的一个，不与不可数名词连用，也不与复数的谓语动词连用；第一次提到某人或某物，一般用不定冠词；a(an)+作表语的名词”可以用来表示身份或职业。

2、定冠词the 的概念及基本用法。特指某些人或某些事物；指双方都知道的人或事物；指上文提到过的人或事物；用在世界上独一无二的事物前；用在序数词和形容词最高级前；用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前；用在形容词或副词的比较级前，表示强调“两者中较……的”；定冠词用在姓氏或姓氏复数名词前，表示全家或这一姓氏的夫妇俩；用在西洋乐器名称前；用在一些固定搭配中。

3、“零冠词”的概念及基本用法。专有名词前一般不加冠词；名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等修饰限定时，不加冠词；复数名词表示某一类人或事物时；季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前；在语言、学科、三餐、球类等名词前；在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词；在人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等的名词前，一般不加冠词；表示语言的名词前不加冠词，但后加language时必须加the；一些抽象的不可数名词前，不加冠词；在某些固定词组里不用冠词。

4、习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用方法。

【策略点拨】

冠词的考点经常分布在单项选择、完形填空、短文改错及阅读理解等题型中。尤其在单项选择填空中，几乎每份中考题中至少有一题对冠词的用法进行考查。冠词的使用频率最高，用法也很复杂。做题时除了掌握一些基本原则之外，还要在实践中密切注意其习惯用法和例外的一些情况。

参考答案

I. 1-5 CAABD 6-10 BCABD 11-15 ACCCB 16-20 ABDCC 21-25 BCDAC 26-30 DCCCC

Ⅱ. 1.the, the 2. / , / 3.an,a 4. / ,the, / , the, the 5.the, / 6.The, / 7. / 8.The, the 9.the, / 10. /

Ⅲ.1.A 2.a 3.a 4. / 5. / 6.the 7. / 8. / 9.a 10./ 11.the 12.a 13.the 14.a 15.a 16.an 17. / 18. / 19.a 20./

中考英语语法考点系列导练（四） 数词

【考点扫描】

表示数目或顺序的词叫数词。数词可分基数词和序数词两大类。纵观近年来各省市中考的试题，对数词的考查主要集中在以下几点：

1、基数词的写法。几十后面加ty， “几十几”，要用连字符号；几百几十几，hundred百位和十位间用and；hundred, thousand, million, billion等词表示具体数字时，用单数形式，在没有确切数目修饰时，可用复数形式，后面可以加of。

2、基数词变序数词。1、2、3词尾字母t、d、d; 8后少t, 9减e; 5与 12同ve, ve要用f替，再加th；ie替y后再加th。序数词前经常the，但表示“再一”、“又一”的意思时，序数词前用不定冠词a 或an。

3、分数表达法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子为“1”时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由后面名词的单复数来决定。

4、数字的日常应用

（1）日期表示法：表示年月日应为“月份+日期+年份”。（2）时间表示法：整点数字后加“o’clock”，几点几分顺着读；几点过几分，要用past；几点差几分，用to；半小时是“half”，15分钟为“quarter”。（3）编号既可用序数词，也可用基数词。但门牌号、房间号、页码、电话号码等通常用基数词。（4）表示某人“几十岁”要用基数词的复数形式。如：in one’s thirties 三十多岁。（5）对日期（几月几日）的提问常用what’s the date；对时刻（几点几分）的提问一般用what time。

5、由基数词和名词构成的复合形容词，名词用单数。

6、表示“几个半” 英语中表达“几个半”有两种方法：“数词+and+ a half+名词（复数）”和“数词+名词（复数）+and a half”。

【策略点拨】

考查数词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写和句型转换等。做这类题时，必须要注意基数词和序数词的拼写，分数、不确切数量词间的关系与名词搭配，以及数词在日常生活中的应用等。

参考答案

I. 1-5 CDADD 6-10 ADABC 11-15 BBACC 16-20 DCDCB 21-25 CCDDB

Ⅱ. 1. eighth 2.quarter 3.thousands 4. first 5.second 6.sixth 7.twentieth 8. forty

Ⅲ. 1.What time does Jim go to Tsing Hua University every day? 2. How much is the sweater? 3. How far is it from here? 4. What is your telephone number? 5. How many students are there in your school? 6. How long has she worked in Jinan? 7. When was Jackson born? 8. What’s the date today

中考英语语法考点系列导练（五） 形容词

【考点聚焦】

形容词是用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、特征、状况或属性的词。在中考中，形容词考查热点主要集中在以下几点：

1、考查形容词的句法功能及其位置。

形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；形容词作表语，常位于be, become, smell, seem, look, get, feel, turn, grow等系动词之后。

2、考查形容词的构成。

某些形容词的构成是有一定的规律可循：（1）名词+ful；（2）名词+y；（3）动词+ing；（4）动词+ed；（5）名词+ly；（6）形容词+ly；（7）名词+al；（8）名词+n/ian。

3、考查形容词的特殊语序。

（1）形容词修饰something, anything, everything等复合不定代词时要后置。（2）几个形容词修饰同一个名词时，其语序为：限定语(a/an/the, my/this)+描绘性形容词+“大型（形）新式（色）国产材料”+名词中心词。其中“大”表示大小、长短、高低，年龄的形容词、“型（形）”表示形状的形容词；“新”表示新旧的形容词；“式（色）”表示颜色的形容词；“国产”表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词；“材料”表示物质材料的形容词。（3）enough在句中的位置是放在名词前，形容词、副词之后。（4）else只能作后置定语，修饰疑问代词what, who, whom, whose和不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等。

4、考查形容词的比较等级。

（1）比较级和最高级的构成形式，一般词尾加-er或-est，部分双音节和多音节词前加more和most，某些单词的不规则变形要特殊记（2）几种句式。甲乙若是一个样，用as…as上，甲不如乙加not；两者相比用than连接；三者或三者以上比较用最高级，并和in或of连用。（3）含有介词短语...of the two时，要用比较级，且比较级前要加the；表示“越来越……”时，要用“比较级+and +比较级”形式，若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“more and more+原级形式”； 表示“越……，就越……” 时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”形式；形容词的最高级前必须加the，但最高级前已有物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，the要省去；可以修饰原级或比较级的修饰语；比较级和最高级间的互变形式。

【策略指导】

一般说来，考查形容词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。做这类题时，必须首先了解形容词的构成及各自的用法、比较等级的演变，并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。

参考答案

1.busiest 2.hottest 3. taller 4.more expensive 5.shorter and shorter 6-10 DCBAD 11-15 DBADD 16-20 CADDA 21-25 DBBDD 26-30 CDADB 35.larger than any 36.different from that 37.too excited 38. something important

中考英语语法考点系列导练（六） 副词

【考点扫描】

副词是修饰动词、形容词、副词的词，有时也可以修饰全句，用以表示程度、频度、方式及时间等。近几年各地中考副词考查的热点主要集中在以下几点：

1、考查句法功能及其位置。

副词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语。副词修饰形容词或另一个副词时，常放在修饰词之前；作定语的副词常常后置；修饰全句的副词，放在句首或句末。

2、考查副词的构成。

形容词变为副词，一般是在形容词之后加-ly；有些形容词变y为i, 再加-ly；还有的是把e去掉加-ly。 还有些副词是与形容词同形的兼类词。

3、考查副词的比较等级。

（1）比较级和最高级的构成形式，一般词尾加-er或-est，部分双音节和多音节词前加more和most，某些单词的不规则变形要特殊记（2）几种句式。甲乙若是一个样，用as…as上，甲不如乙加not；两者相比用than连接；三者或三者以上比较用最高级，并和in或of连用。（3）含有介词短语...of the two时，要用比较级，且比较级前要加the；表示“越来越……”时，要用“比较级+and +比较级”形式，若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“more and more+原级形式”； 表示“越……，就越……” 时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”形式；副词的最高级前可以不加the，；可以修饰原级或比较级的修饰语；比较级和最高级间的互变形式。

4、考查频度副词在句子中的位置。

always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等副词要放在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

【策略点拨】

考查副词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、词形转换、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。做这类题时，必须首先了解副词的构成及各自的用法，比较等级的演变，疑问副词的用法，并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。

参考答案

1. farthest 2.worst 3. better 4. angrily 5. happily 6-10 ACCDC 11-15 ADBBA 16-20 ABCBA 21. The harder, the stronger 22. as hard as 23.fast enough 24. before 25.exactly

中考英语语法考点系列导练（七）介词

【考点扫描】

介词是表示它后面的名词、代词、短语、从句等与句子其他成分的关系的词。在句子中它不能单独使用，只能由名词、代词、数词、动名词等构成的介词短语作句子的成分。介词分为简单介词、复合介词、双重介词、短语介词和分词介词五种类型。中考介词主要考查要点如下：

1、介词与其后的名词或代词构成介词短语，在句中作状语、宾语、表语、宾补语后置

定语。

2、介词与其前面的动词或形容词构成动词词组，后面要有宾语。这时的词组相当于一

个及物动词。

3、最常见表示时间、地点与方式介词的用法。

4、某些意思比较相近的介词用法辨析。

【策略点拨】

从各地的中考题来看，考查介词的题型多见于用适当的介词填空、选择适当的介词填空、改错或完成句子等。完成这类题要求我们首先通读全句，掌握常见的介词用法规律，注意意思相近的介词间的区别，还要认真判断是否是固定词组等。

参考答案

介 词

1 .in 2 .by 3 .with 4 .at 5 .after 6 .in 7 .in 8 .At 9 .on 10 .in 11 .to 12 .to 13 .of 14 .over 15 .With 16 .of 17 .at 18 .in 19 .in 20 .on 21 .on 22 .from 23 .in 24 .with 25 .for 26 .of 27 .past 28 .at 29 .about 30 .in 31 .from ,to 32 .in 33 .at 34 .on 35 .for 36 .at ,at 37 .for 38 .from 39 .like 40 .about 41-45 ACCBC 46-50 ACDBB 51-55 CDBCA 56-60 BCBAB 61.C.among 62.D .with 63 .C .去掉 64 .A .in 65 .B .on 66 .C .去掉

中考英语语法考点系列导练（八）连词

【考点扫描】

连词是用来连接词、短语、句子或从句的词，它属于一种虚词，在句子中不重读，不能单独充当句子成分。根据连词的作用，连词可以分为并列连词、从属连词、分词连词和短语连词。中考经常考查有关连词的要点有下列几种情况：

1、对连接同等的词、词组或分句的and, but, or, for, neither…nor…, either…or…, both…and…, not only…but also…等并列连词的考查。

2、对引导名词性从句或状语从句的when、if、that、because、until、although等从属连词基本用法的考查。

3、几组容易混淆的连词或词组。

【策略点拨】

在近年的中考题中，连词的主要考查题型集中在选择填空、句型转换和汉译英等。在解题时，我们要通读全句，了解大意，仔细分析是并列句还是主从复合句，然后再确定选用适当的连词。

参考答案

连 词

1-5 CBADD 6-10 DBABA 11-15 CDBBC 16-20 ADDBC 21-25 AABAD 26-30 CAAAA 31-35 BBCCB 36-40 BCCCB 41.both, and 42.old enough 43.Work, or 44. if / whether, had 45.didn”t , until 46.or 47.didn’t, until 48.because 49.when 50.so, that 51.as, as 52.but 53.if 54.since 55.before 56.after 57.and 58.and 59.or 60.or 61.but/while 62. if 63.while 64.as soon as 65.until 66.sice 67..neither, nor 68.not only, but also 69.either, or 70.as,as; not so, as

初中英语语法考点系列导练（九）非谓语动词

【考点扫描】

非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即： doing ,done; to do。虽然非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是它们仍具有动词的特征，它们都能带自己的状语或跟宾语。分词具有形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词具有名词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。

【策略点拨】

考查非谓语动词的常见题型有选择填空、用动词的适当形式填空等。做这类题时主要是找到相关的关键词，平时学习的时候要牢记这些重点的常见的动词用法。

参考答案

非谓语动词

1-5 ABADC 6-10 DBBBC 11-15 ADAAA 16-20 DCACB 21-25 DABCB 26-30 BCBBC 31-35AABDA 36-40ABABB 41-45BCDCD 46-50CBDCB 51-55ABBAA 56-60CCBBB 61-65ACCBB 66-70DBADB 71-75BADAC 76-80BBCBC 81.discussing 82.living 83.built 84.to eat 85.to go 86.to have 87bringing 88.to be repaired 89.called 90.looking 91.to send 92.teaching 93.smiling 94. to get 95.to tell 96. not to see 97. to pay 98. to sleep 99.talking 100. to post 101. swimming 102.to see 103.eating 104.protecting 105. to live 106. to meet 107. to be 108. to ask 109. reading ,camping 110. to attend

英语中考复习时态系列之（一）现在进行时

作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。

现在进行时表示1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.

2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.

3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。E.g I am coming.

其结构为be+现在分词. 现在分词的变法有

1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump

2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write

3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put

其句式变换都在be上做文章。

E.g. He is buying a bike.

Is he buying a bike?

He isn’t buying a bike.

一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。

尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：

英语中考复习时态系列之（二）一般现在时

一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.

其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.

其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作， 一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?

2） 单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.

Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.

Does Jenny speak English very well?

含有be动词的要在be上做变化.

E.g. Danny is a good student.

Danny isn’t a good student.

Is Danny a good student?

其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等

做题时常见错误如下：

一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中

例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.

答案：plant

解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be 、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”

英语中考复习时态系列之(三) 过去进行时

过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

其结构是助动词be的过去形式was/were +v-ing.

其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.

We weren’t working in class. Were you working in class?

过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词

例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.

答案：was talking

解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。

二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词

例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.

2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday

三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing

例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (对划线部分提问)

What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?

四、易与现在进行时弄混

例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.

五、易与一般过去时弄混

例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。

I read (read) a story book yesterday evening

另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。

e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.

答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 A

1 were feeding 2 wasn’t washing 3 was mending 4 was walking

英语中考复习时态系列之（四）一般过去时

一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。e.g. What did you say?

另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen?

其结构是“主语+动词的过去式”。be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.

其句式变化分为两种情况1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didn't.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?

其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由“last+时间”构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.

常见错误如下:

一 把动词变成过去式易出错

例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now.

2 They plaied (play) football yesterday.

答案: 1 stopped 2 played

解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:“动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed.”

二 忘记把动词变成过去式

例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday.

答案: flew

解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:“一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记”.

三 在句式变换时易出错

例: 1 We didn't went (not go) out last Friday.

2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday?

答案: 1 didn't go 2 Did have

解析:请记住口诀“见助动, 用原形.”

四 易与单三人称作主语的一般现在时弄混

例: He taughts (teach) me English last year.

答案: taught

解析:行为动词的过去式无人称和数的变化.即使主语是单三人称,也和其它人称所用动词的形式一样.

五 易与现在完成时弄混

例: 我看过这部电影

I saw(see) the film.

答案: I have seen (see) the film.

解析:“我看过这部电影”说明我了解这部电影的内容,强调现在的情况,应用现在完成时;

一般过去时态的句子只是说明我看了这场电影,与现在无关..

六 易与过去进行时弄混,这里不在重复。

答案: 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C

1 were 2 was 3 didn't go 4 read 5 saw go

6 does ; didn't do 7 played 8 did write ; wrote 9 have 10 have ea

英语中考复习时态系列之（五）一般将来时

一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及计划、打算做某事。E.g. They will have a football match tomorrow. He will be thirty next week. She is going to buy a coat this afternoon.

其结构有如下几种: 1)will + 动词原形(will可以用于任何人称) 需要注意的是当主语是第一人称时will可以换成shall,特别是在以I或we作主语的问句中,一般用shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo? 2)be going to +动词原形 3)现在进行时也可表示将来,前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.

第一种结构的句式变化是: 变否定句在will后边加not. 变一般疑问句把will提前. e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二种结构的句式变化要在be上做文章. E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom?

其时间状语有如下几种 1）this引导的短语 如 this year 2）tomorrow及其相关短语 如tomorrow morning 3）next引导的短语 如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour 等。

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易忽视动词用原形形式

例：1 He will is (be) at school next Monday.

2 He is going to does (do) his homework after school.

答案：1 be 2 do

解析：第一题有的同学一看he做主语就用了is，忽视了will后应加动词原形。我们在写句子时，很容易把动词丢掉，“英语句子里，动词不能少”的 规律必须要牢记。第二题中to后加动词原形，而不是用单三人称.。

二、be going to +动词原形与will+动词原形用法不清楚

例：我正努力学习，准备参加英语考试。

I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams.

答案：I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams.

解析：“be going to” 表示计划、打算要做某事。E.g. He is going to visit his friends. 还表示某种迹象表明会发生某事.e.g. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 而“Will+动词原形 ”指对将来事物的预见、表示意愿、决心。E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在单纯预测未来时，二者可以互换，但在此题中只能用be going to，而不能用will。

三、There be结构的一般将来时易出错

例：There_________ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)

A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have

答案：A

解析：There be结构的一般将来时既要符合There be结构，又要符合一般将来时。有的同学认为have当“有”讲，所以选了B，但There be结构就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.

四、be going to结构中易丢掉to

例：I’m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)

A to will go B to go to C go to D to go

答案：B

解析：由tomorrow可知是一般将来时，be going to +动词原形，所以先确定用to go , 在B、D当中选，而go to school 是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个to而省略，这是一个易错点，需要注意。

另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，若主句用了将来时，从句则用一般现在时，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.

英语中考复习时态系列之（六）现在完成时

现在完成时表示1）过去发生或已经完成的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果．（即它的＂完成用法＂）e.g. I have just cleaned the classroom. 2)过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。注意：此时动作可能还要继续。（即它的＂未完成用法＂）。 E.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.

其结构是“have/has+过去分词”。过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需要另记。

它的否定句是在have/has后边加not，变一般疑问句是把have/has提前。E.g. I have ridden a horse. I have not ridden a horse. Have you ridden a horse?

它的时间状语通常为already, just, yet, ever, never, before等。另外还可和since+表过去的时间点，for+时间段连用。

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易丢掉have/has

例：He taken (take) the medicine before.

答案：has taken

解析：have/has 为助动词，起构成时态的作用，是不能省略的。我们可以这样记：“现在完成时态中，have/has 不可缺。”

二、have与has易用混

例：I has never heard (hear) of that before.

答案：have heard

解析：现在完成时与一般现在时一样也有单三人称的变化，当单三人称作主语时用 has, 一般人称作主语时用have．

三、延续性动词与短暂性动词易弄错

例：She has left (离开) for 2 hours.

答案：has been away

解析：在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是短暂性动词，但在否定句中短暂性动词也是可以的。E.g. I haven't bought clothes for one year. 在此题中leave是短暂性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，须把它改成相应的延续性动词。如stop be over等。此题中leave要改成be away。这两种词的转换是学习现在完成时需要注意的。答案：1B 2 D 3 B 4D 5 B 6 C 7 C 8 C 9 A 10 A 11 A

1 taken 2 has been, left 3made 4 have had 5 has 6 have been 7 has gone 8 has read 9 has taught 10 have met

四、have been to与 have gone to 易弄混

例：我去过北京。

I have gone to Beijing.

答案：I have been to Beijing.

解析：“have been to+地点” 是表示曾去过某地，但此刻不在那儿（即在说话的地方）。而“have gone to+地点” 是表示去某地了，此刻在路上或已经到了那个地方（即不在说话的地方）。注意：这两个句式后接副词时，需省to。E.g. He has gone there.

五、忘记把already变成yet

例：I have already finished my homework.(变一般疑问句)

Have you already finished your homework?

答案： Have you finished your homework yet?

解析：现在完成时态中，肯定句中有already，变否定句或疑问句时通常要改为yet．

六、在条件、时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来

例：I'll go with you when I finish(finish) my homework.

答案：have finished

解析：在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作，用现在完成时。但注意，此时表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成，若两动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生，则一般不用现在完成时。

另外，现在完成时易与一般过去时弄混，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复．

英语中考复习时态系列之（七）过去完成时

过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一个相对的时态,只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到. E.g. By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there.

其结构是“had+过去分词”.

它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock?

它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. E.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before.

做题时常见错误如下：

篇9：名词 教学设计(人教版英语中考复习)

个性化学科优化学案

目 标 1. 掌握名词的概念及分类

2. 名词复数变化

3. 名词所有格

重 点

难 点 重点：名词复数，名词所有格

教学过程

名词概念：人，事，地，物的名字

名词功用：做主语，补语，宾格

名词分类：

1、普通名词：book dog spaceship (这里涉及名词的单复数形式，一般有单复数形式，在句子要有复数表现)

2、集合名词：class family audience (所谓集合名词是指一个名词即可以指一个整体的概念，也可以指整体中某个整体中的个体)

例：My family large.

My family all early risers.

3、专有名词：一般是人名、地名。 Bob Smith April London 等

特征：首字母大写； 不能加冠词， 没有复数表现

前面要加冠词the特殊专有名词：专有的国家名，组织名前面加the.

例：the United Nations the United States

4、物质名词：（一般是表示材料和材质）wood glass paper butter fruit

这类名词一般是不可数名词，没有复数表现。

*数字+容器（度量衡）+of +物质名词

例：1、a loaf/loaves of bread 2、a cup of coffee

3、a sheet/two sheets of paper 4、a spoonful of sugar

a handful of sandan armful wood

5、抽象名词（看不见摸不到的名词）：beauty, honesty, love, patience,happiness,music.(不可数名词，没有复数表现)

二、名词的数

1、可数名词的复数变化规则

① 一般在名词后加s，变成复数。如boy→boys, pen→pens等

②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的，在后面加es。如Class classes, fox→foxes, brush→brushes, watch→watches。但stomach的复数为stomachs

③“以辅音字母+y”结尾的，y变为i，然后再加es。如baby→babies

④以f或fe结尾的名词英语中共有100多个，其中直接加s的有92个，但这些绝大多数不常用，如safe, roof, belief等；把f或fe改为v, 再加e的只有13个，但13个都是常用的名词，如thief, life, wife, shelf, self, knife, half, leaf, wolf等。

⑤以o结尾的名词，除有生命的“两人两物”Negro, hero, tomato, potato等少数在后面加es外，一般是在后面直接加s。如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos,radio→radios piano→pianos, video→videos

2、不规则变化

foot-feet , child-children goose-geese ox-oxen man-men woman- women tooth-teeth mouse-mice

3.单复同形 fish, deer, sheep, Chinese, Janpanses

one fish 一条鱼 two fish两条鱼

a kind of fish 一种鱼 two kinds of fishes 两种鱼

三、名词所有格

1、概念：表示名词拥有的表现，…的（我的，你的….）

2,结构：单数名词：名词’s/ 复数名词：名词s’

e.g: the boy’s schoolbag / Joan’s dress

e.g: a girls’ school/ these students’ teacher

3.字尾非s结尾的复数n : 名词’s e.g: Children’s playground

*4.需特别注意的所有格用法

* 共同所有格和个别所有格

共同所有格：名词+名词…+名词’s

个别所有格：名词’s +名词’s+…+名词’s

e.g. 1. father is a scientist.

2. fathers are scientists.

* (无) 生物所有格 A的B-B of A

Mr and Mrs Brown’s 布朗夫妇

桌子的腿： the legs of the table

车门： the door of the car

女孩的名字：the name of the girl/ the girl’s name(有生命的直接’s)

省略： 所有格后的名词，如果都知道可以省略

E.g：1. She’s going to the dentist’s .

2. I met him at the barber’s.

3. We like to eat lunch at McDonal’s.

中考连线：

1. --I hear you have to run for half an hour every day.

-- Right. It is one of the in my school.

A.choices B. plans C. hobbies D.rules

2. –Recently I have read manyabout the droughts in the south of China.

-- Oh, the farmers will have a bad harvest this year.

名词专项训练：

5. The ant has two ____.

A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomachD. stomachs

6. He doesn’t like ____ for supper. A. chickB. chicken C. chickens D. chicks

7. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming. A. so B. suchC. so as D. such a

8. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room!

A. How B. How a C. What D. What a

9. We know ____ travels not so fast as light.

A. sound B. sounds C. the sounds D. a sound

10. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.

A. cattle, cows B. cows, cattle C. cattles, cowsD. cow, cattles

11. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate

A. have gathered B. has gathered C. is D. was

12. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.

A. deal B. amount C. number D. size

13. ____ work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.

A. Many B. A great manyC. A great deal of D. A number of

14. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.

A. handB. a hand C. hands D. the hands

15. Two ____, please. A. coffee B. coffees C. cup of coffeeD. cups coffee

16. I can’t pay as ____ as he asked for.

A. high price a B. high price C. a high price D. high a price

17. ____ knowledge of space develops rapidly.

A. Man’s B. Men’s C. Mens’ D. Person’s

18.I stayed at ____. A. Xiao Wang’s B. Wang’s home C. the Wangs D. home of Wang

19. Sister Carrie works in a ____ factory.

A. shoesB. shoses C. shoe D. shoe’s

20. Have you ever read ____?

A. today newspaper B. newspaper today C. newspaper of today D. today’s newspaper

21. Two ____ walk didn’t made me tired. A. hour B. hours C. hour’s D. hours’

22. The mother over there is ____ mother.

A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary’s C. Julia’s and Mary’s D. Julia’s and Mary

23. Li Ming’s handwriting is better than ____ in the class.

A. anyone’sB. anyone else C. anyone’s else’s D. anyone else’s

24. The children are playing ____ on the ____.

A. sand, sand B. sands, sands C. sand, sands D. sands, sand

25. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller ____. A. setB. one C. copy D. pair

26. Tom usually takes a ____ in bus on rainy days.A. walk B. ride C. trip D. travel

27. We have no ____ about where she has gone.

A. information B. newsC. message D. flash

28. Food and ____ are daily necessities⌒枰for the people.

A. clothB. clothe C. clothes D. clothing

29. My ____ of hearing is not so good as it used to be. A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill

30. The ____ caused by carelessness ____ yesterday. Many workers were killed.

A. incident, was happened B. matter, happened

C. event, was taken place D. accident, took place

31. The room was so quiet that she could hear the ____ of her heart.

A. beating B. waysC. knockingD. striking

32. ____ has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.

A. The public B. People C. Women D. Man

33. He was an ____ in the government ____.

A. office, official B. official, office C. officer, office D. official, officer

34. There are several ____ in this novel who are different in ____.

A. character, character B. characters, characters C. character, characters D. characters, character

35. We visited him ____ when he was in hospital. A. every other days B. each other day C. every other day D. every two day

36. My friend will return in ____.

A. one day or two B. a day or two C. one day or two D. a or two days

37. ____ is always difficult for me. A. TranslationB. Translate C. The translation D. A translation

38. ____ of this novel is excellent, quite to my surprise.

A. Translation B. TranslateC. The translation D. A translation

39. The police ____ looking into the matter now. A. be B. is C. areD. are going to

40. The Chinese are ____ brave and hard working people. A. the B. a C. / D. one

41. No news ____ good news. A. is B. are C. have D. has

42. Maths still ____ very difficult for me, though I have done my best.

A. looksB. seems C. is D. are

43. “Where ____ my trousers?” the boy asked.

A. is B. was C. were D. are

44. How happy they are! Obviously, they are ____.

A. in nice spiritsB. in nice spirit C. in high spiritsD. in high spirit

45. I saw many ____ seated in the corner reading something.

A. JapaneseB. Japaneses C. of Japanese D. of Japaneses

篇10：中考英语名词复习教案教学设计(人教版英语中考复习)

【基础知识网络总结与巩固】

复习中考对于名词的考查侧重点

1 可数名词的复数2 不可数名词的量 3 名词所有格的用法

4名词的句法作用5 词义辨析 6 名词与主谓一致

考查形式主要有：单项选择、完形填空、选词填空、书面表达等题型

考点一．单数和复数

1 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：

（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen -pens，doctor→doctors， boy→boys。

（2） 以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。

（3）以ce， se， ze，（d）ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orange-oranges。

（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es，例如：city→cities， factory→factories， country→countries， family→families。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boy→boys， day→days。

（5）以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如：hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes，但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如：zoo→zoos，radio→radios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photo→photos，piano→pianos。

（6） 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves， half→halves。

（7）少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。

【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；man， woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：men workers， women teachers。

有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。

（8）单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people， police等。

（9）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。例如：ten-minutes’ walk， an 8-year-old girl， a ten-mile walk。

（10）还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。

（11）只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：

科学名词：physics， mathematics/maths

游戏名称：bowls

专有名词：the United States， Niagara Falls

其他名词：news， falls

2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法

在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：

（1）用much， a little， a lot of/lots of， some， any等表示多少，例如：

The rich man has a lot of money．

There is some milk in the bottle．

Is there any water in the glass？

I don‘t like winter because there’s too much snow and ice．

（2）用a piece of 这类定语，例如：

a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread

a bottle of orange a glass of water（milk） a cup of tea

a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice

如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：

two cups of tea

four pieces of paper

three glasses of water

不可数名词也可用a lot of， lots of， some， any， much等来修饰。

考点二 名词的所有格

名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 ‘s，其复数形式是s’，例如：a student‘s room， students’ rooms， father‘s shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 ’s，如：Children‘s Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 ’s，例如：a twenty minutes‘ walk，ten miles’ journey，a boat‘s length，two pounds’ weight， ten dollars‘ worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country， the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格，例如：a friend of my father’s。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 ‘s，则表示“分别有”，例如：John’s and Mary‘s rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom’s and Mary‘s bikes（两人各自的自行车）。

两个名词并列，只有一个’s，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary‘s room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary’s mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。

【重难点例题启发与方法总结】

1. We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?

A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe

答案：C

句意：我们需要更多的土豆。你能带过来一些吗？

解析：potato 土豆是可数名词。因为有some修饰所以potato要用复数形式。以辅音+o结尾的名词后面要+es。所以C. potatoes是正确答案。

2. What big____ the tiger has!

A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes

答案：B

句意：老虎长着多么大、多么锋利的牙齿呀！

解析：牙齿tooth的复数形式是teeth

3. Please remember to give the horse some tree___.

A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave

答案：B 句意：请记得喂马一些树叶。

解析：树叶leaf是以f结尾的，所以它的复数形式是变f为v，再加es

4.These _________ have saved many children’s lives.

A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor

答案：C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman 作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。

5. This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anne and Jane B. Anne’s and Jane’s C. Anne’s and Jane D. Anne and Jane’s

答案：D。该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加’s。

【重难点关联练习巩固与方法总结】

直击中考

1．--- Where have you been， Tim？

--- I’ve been to ______.

A. the Henry house B. the Henry family C. the Henry’s home D. Henry’s

2．In England， if ____ is in the middle of the day， the evening meal is called supper.

A. food B. lunch C. breakfast D. dinner

3．You looked for it twice， but you haven’t found it. Why not try ____ 。

A. three times B. a third time C. the third time D. once

4．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ？

--- Certainly.

A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters

5．Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.

A. tooth B. feet C. hand D. ear

6．There is some _______ on the plate.

A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears

7．The are going to fly _______ to Beijing.

A. Germen B. Germany C. Germanys D. Germans

8．What’s your _______ for being late again？

A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news

篇11：学好英语语法的两大原则 学生作文(人教版英语中考复习)

莎士比亚的名剧《哈姆雷特》中，王子哈姆雷特面对生存还是毁灭的命运曾经发出了这样的诘问：To be or not to be，that is the question! 后世的人们将这句经典名句的内涵无限引申和扩充，以至于成了大凡面临选择之际人们引以反躬自问的无二之选！而在语法学习的“代词”部分，这句话也被改编成了选择题：To be or not to be，＿＿ is the question! 对于答案究竟是选it还是选that，在这里不再赘言。想说的是，英语语法的学习，对于广大的英语学习者而言，究竟是天堂，还是地狱？

在语法的课堂上，常常能看到各种年龄阶段、不同背景、不同需求的学员，有打算移民的，有打算留学的，有准备过四、六级、PETS的，还有被考研折磨得几近崩溃的，最让人钦佩的一种：是退休了但把英语学习当作一种精神寄托的！

其实，回顾我们学习英语语法的历程，从初中、高中直到大学，从早期的TOEFL、IELTS、GMAT，语法以不同形式见诸于各类考试的试题当中。曾几何时，我们学习语法的终极目的似乎就是为了在考试中与命题人进行四选一、错与对的博弈！然而，有朝一日，当我们获得了各类考试的证书，取得了骄人的TOEFL、GRE成绩，踌躇满志投身职场、奔赴海外之际，却发现所取得的成绩不过是个数字，我们既不能被native speakers所理解，也听不懂他们在说什么。从某种程度上讲，这种结果的出现是始料不及也不可谓不意味深长！

面对这样的尴尬，各类考试纷纷进行了改革，旨在取消或弱化对语法“显性”的考察，转而加强对语言运用能力的考察。比如，TOEFL考试中“改错题”的取消，新增加的口语部分的考核；甚至在写作中，也不忘对听和写综合能力的考核。-- 尽管如此，需要强调的是，对于语法“隐性”的考察却从来没有终止过！比如，对阅读考试中令人发指的长难句的正确理解，写作时地道漂亮的句式表达，无一不需要坚实的语法知识作为基石。因此，从某种程度上讲，对语法的考核实际上变的更难了。

有人不禁发问：对于英语学习者而言，语法的学习，究竟将引领至何方？是自由驾驭英语的天堂，还是被规则桎梏的地狱？笔者认为：关键取决于学习的心态和方法。

首先，从心态上看，要正确看待语法及英语学习，消除“任务”或“投机”心态。俗话说，兴趣是最好的老师，语法学习是一个长期积累、不断提高的过程，在“任务”的心态之下，语法学习容易变成一种被迫的行为，很难持之以恒；而在“投机”的心态之下，语法学习容易变成一种短期行为，妄图在短期内一蹴而就反而会遭遇“欲速则不达” 的困境。都是要不得的。因此，建议广大英语学习者在语法学习的过程中，要善于发掘或培养自身的兴趣，比如，平时喜欢阅读的，不妨多看看适合自身水平的英语读物；喜欢听英语歌曲的，不妨多听听自己喜爱的歌手的曲目；喜欢观赏剧集的，找些原版的电影或肥皂剧作为工作学习之余的消遣。在这个过程中，不仅维系了爱好，而且增进了学习的实效性。何乐而不为？

其次，从方法上看，则要根据自身实际情况，选择适合自己的学习方法。但总的来说，语法的学习应遵循以下两个基本原则：

第一、要记忆，但不要僵化

语法到底是不是一种“规则”？--曾经有不少学生这么问。个人认为，语法是规则，但又不完全是规则。为什么这么说？事实上，语言的运用总是遵循一定的规则，对于初学者而言，规则是要去遵守的，比如不同时态的构成形式，各类句式的构成要素等等，如果缺乏对规则的了解，面对一个个零散的单词，就仿佛看着一堆杂乱无章的砖头，是不可能建造起语言的大厦的。这也是为什么很多人面对长难句束手无策，想要表达自己的观点却搜肠刮肚写不出来的原因之一。从这个意义上说，语法是语言运用的规则。

第二、勤练习，能举一反三

语言的掌握和运用，熟能生巧是关键。正如“拳不离手，曲不离口”一样的道理。语法的规则和理论需要在实践中巩固、消化，乃至举一反三。曾经碰到过这样的学员，在PETS考试的前一天发邮件给我，问stop to do与stop doing是什么意思？其实，这样的问题，在初学语法或者基础比较薄弱的学习者中间经常会出现，原因就在于对语法规则的机械记忆和生搬硬套，却忽视了这种语法现象所折射出的规则的实质。实际上，随着语法学习的深入和英语水平的不断提高，学习者会发现并不需要刻意去关注语法规则，这并不是说规则消失了，而是由于学习者已经熟练到感觉不到它的存在而已。从这个意义上说，语法不完全是规则。

所以说，在英语学习的路上，语法学习究竟将我们引向何方？天堂还是地狱，取决于我们自身的心态和方法。

另外，在语法学习的过程中，一本好的语法参考书是必不可少的。市面上比较常见的有《张道真实用语法》、《薄冰语法》、《朗文英语语法》等，此外还出现了诸如《英语语法的奥秘》、《21世纪活用图解英语语法》等，也是相当不错的书，学习者应根据自身的实际水平结合书籍的特点加以选择。比如，《21世纪活用图解英语语法》这本书，从编纂特色上看，贯彻了“文不如表、表不如图”的简洁原则；在内容方面，每个部分的设置均符合“由浅入深”的学习规律。同时，每个部分都配备有相应的测试题目，兼顾了实战、活用及应试等各种需求。是一个不错的选择。

篇12：中考阅读强化训练 教案教学设计(人教版英语中考复习)

中考阅读强化训练(二)

A

French kids can be editors for a day

Can kids make their own newspapers? They do in Paris. Student editors at a French newspaper for kids called Mon Quotidien, do every day.

The ten-year-old newspaper sometimes sells 200,000 copies every day. It gets more than one million dollars every year! This is much more than many other newspapers.

How do they decide what to put in the paper? All the adult editors working on the children’s newspaper agree that the paper should be simple to read. Kids should be able to finish it within 10 minutes. The paper covers(报道) kids’ favorite subjects like school life, animals and science. It also talks about big world problems.

In order to make the paper more popular with kids, adult editors invite students aged 10 to 15 to join them. They have meetings every Wednesday and Sunday. Adult editors, reporters and kids sit together and decide which topics should come out in the paper and on which page. Which topic.ruiwen.come out on the front page, world news or bears in the zoo? Often the kid editors and adult editors disagree. Sometimes, the adult editors have to give up because their little editors won’t give in. Usually the student editors stay in the newspaper office for three hours at each meeting. Any kid in France can call the newspaper if they are interested in being a one-day editor.

根据短文内容判断下面句子的正(T)误(F)。

( )1. The French newspaper Mon Quotidien has a history of 10 years.

( )2. The newspaper is for the kids to create and practice, not to earn any money.

( )3. The editors of the newspaper are all kids.

( )4. The children can finish reading the newspaper within 10 minutes because it’s simple.

( )5. When the kids disagree with the adults editors, the adults have to give in most of the time.

B

In the near future, people in some parts of the world will watch a new kind of television. It is called the high definition television(高清晰度电视机) or the HD-TV. The main difference between an HD-TV and a normal television is the picture. It is more clear and detailed. This is because the HD-TV has many more points and lines that make a television image. Every color television picture contains thousands of red, green and blue points. They all come together as an image in the eye of the person watching. The points are organized in lines that go across the television screen. There are more than five hundred lines in a normal television. The HD-TV has two times as many. To get this clear picture, you must have a big screen. Experts say people using a small screen will see little difference.

The HD-TV also has clear sound. It is like the sound on a CD. All these improvements make an HD-TV very costly. One kind in Japan now sells for more than twenty thousand dollars. A major problem with the HD-TV is its broadcast signal(传播信号). The signal is bigger than normal because it carries more electronic information.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

( )6. What is the main difference between an HD-TV and a normal television? It is _____.

A. the pictureB. the shape

C. the voice D. the weight

( )7. What is a color TV image?

A. It is made up of thousands of red, green, and blue points.

B. Points are organized in lines that go across the TV screen.

C. It is a black and white picture.

D. Both A and B.

( )8. How many lines does an HD-TV have?

A. Over 250.B. More than 500.

C. More than 1,000. D. About 250.

( )9. What should you do if you want to get a clear and detailed picture from an HD-TV?

A. You must have the bigger signal for the HD-TV.

B. You have to get a big screen.

C. You should have a compact disc player.

D. Both A and B.

( )10. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. The HD-TV sets are not popular now because they are too expensive for most people.

B. The signal for the HD-TV is not bigger than that for the normal TV.

C. In the future the HD-TV will cost 10 times as much as it costs now.

D. Only Japan can make the HD-TV.

C

The students in America usually begin high school at the age of 13 or 14. Some leave at the age of 16. But most finish the 4-year high school study. They do not get their first full-time job or begin college studies until they are 17 or 18 years old.

The high school day is about 7 hours long. Part of the day is made into classes of about 50 minutes long. The students have lunch in the middle of the day. American students study English, history, math, science, art and languages. Some also learn job skills. They can learn how to use a computer or how to mend a car. Other students may learn by working in an office, a hospital or other places one day a week.

Jean Wilton Anderson is 16 years old. She lives with her parents and two younger brothers in Bethesda, Maryland, near Washington D. C. Jean studies at Walt Whitman High School. There are about 1,500 students at the school. Most of them will go up to colleges.

Jean wakes up early every morning. She begins school at about 7:30. This is her third year of high school. Every day she takes classes to learn English, world history, physics and trigonometry(三角学). And she plays the violin in music class. School ends at about 2 o’clock in the afternoon. Yet, Jean stays 2 or more hours longer every day for sports. Jean arrives home at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon. She eats dinner. Then she starts her homework. She also spends a lot of time talking on the telephone with her friends. Students in America have their way of talking. They use the word “like” all the time. Jean and her girlfriends wear blue jeans and shirts or sweaters every day. The boys at her school also wear blue jeans. But they like to wear blue jeans that are several sizes larger for them.

Like students of her age in most part of the country, Jean begins to drive a car. She does not have her car. She must use the family’s car. Most of the students in high school have their own cars. Many of them drive their cars to school every day.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

( )11. When the students in America finish their high school, they _____.

A. are usually 17 or 18 years old

B. try to find the full-time job

C. all begin their college studies

D. are ready to leave the country

( )12. Which of the following is NOT true about the high school?

A. The school day usually lasts 7 hours.

B. The students only have 5 subjects to learn.

C. Each class will last 50 minutes.

D. The students can learn some skills out of the school.

( )13. Jean Wilton Anderson _____.

A. has a four-people family

B. lives in the centre of Washington D.C.

C. has studied in her school for 3 years

D. drives her own car at the age of 16

( )14. On a school day Jean Wilton Anderson _____.

A. has to get to school before 7:30 in the morning

B. takes classes for 10 subjects in the school

C. does some sports and homework after class

D. spends hours on the phone with her classmates

( )15. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Students in high schools use the word “like” very often.

B. The boy students wear blue jeans as the girls.

C. Many high school students go to school in their own cars.

D. Boy students wear jeans of larger size because they grow fast.

D

A man fell out of his plane and fell back into it again. Two people rowed(划) a small boat from New York to England in 56 days. One person was so big that he wouldn’t fit in any hospital room. Would you believe these stories? Well, they may sound strange, but they did happen. James Cornell has more strange but true stories like these in a book called Very Strange People.

Here is part of the contents(目录) of Very Strange People. The contents lists the names of the chapters(章) or parts of the book. It also tells on what page each chapter begins.

Chapter Page

One A Dog’s Life ........................................ 3

TwoA Bomb-Again Pilot ............................. 14

Three High Wire Act(走钢丝) ........................ 33

Four Fat Men ................................................ 41

Five Over the Falls ........................................ 43

Six The Unending House ............................ 53

Seven Row, Row, Row Your Boat ................. 60

Eight The Tower Builder ............................... 85

Unlike many reference(参考) materials, the table of contents is not arranged alphabetically(字母顺序). The chapters are listed in the order that they appear in the book.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

( )16. In 1918, Captain Hedley fell off his plane in the sky, soon he fell back into it again! You may read about this story in Chapter _____.

A. 2B. 3 C. 4 D. 6

( )17. One morning in New York City, people saw a man walking on a rope between two tall buildings. You may read this story in Chapter _____.

A. 1 B. 3 C. 5D. 6

( )18. The Earl feeds his dogs better than most people do. This story may begin on page _____.

A. 3 B. 33 C. 1 D. 53

( )19. Sarah thought she would die as soon as her house was finished. So she kept on adding more and more rooms. Her story may appear on page _____.

A. 3B. 43 C. 53 D. 85

( )20. Because of his great size, Robert could not enter any hospital room. Which story appears behind this one?

A. A Bomb-Again Pilot.

B. The Tower Builder.

C. High Wire Act.

D. Over the Falls.

Key:

1-5 TFFTF 6-10 ADCDA 11-15 ABCAD 16-20 ABACD

篇13：一轮研讨发言稿.doc 教学总结(人教版英语高考复习)

安丘市第一中学

曹淑云

各位领导、老师：

大家好!

我是安丘一中的曹淑云。非常感谢各级教研室的领导给我们提供这个交流的机会，我们也十分珍惜这个机会，迫切地希望能够利用这次研讨的机会向各位领导以及老师们学习，借鉴你们的宝贵经验，改进和提高我们的教学。在近几年的高考中，我们学校的英语成绩在各科中一直名列前茅，连续五年都获得潍坊市政府颁发的教学成果奖。我们觉得这些成绩的取得得益于各级教研室领导的正确指导，得益于各兄弟学校的无私支持，得益于学校领导的精细管理，也得益于我们学校有一支水平高、能吃苦、干劲大的教师队伍。尤其是对于高三的教学，我们一直都是提前制定教学计划与措施，做好统筹安排，分工明确，责任到人。下面我把我们关于一轮复习的思路、计划以及一些具体做法向大家汇报一下，希望大家能够给我们提出宝贵意见。

整体上我们把一轮复习分为两个阶段：对于选修九、十册的学习以及一轮复习。

一 开好选修课，拓宽学生的视野，扩大词汇量

我们计划利用九月、十月两个月的时间完成九、十册的学习。对于选修九、十的学习，我们强调教师要对教材进行分析研究、加工整合，对课文采用泛读的方式进行教学。利用教材拓宽学生的知识面，陶冶学生的情操，扩大学生的词汇量，培养学生的阅读速度以及阅读方法，特别是提高学生处理较难文字材料的能力。同时复习和梳理语法项目，加强对学生进行综合语言能力的训练。基本上3-4周完成一册书，引导学生在语境中识记单词，提炼语法知识，对典型句式反复诵读背诵。（附件1）我们一直把选修九、十的学习与一轮复习合并进行，学习新课的同时复习与选修九、十相关的词汇、句型以及语法知识，一轮复习中不再对选修九、十进行单独复习。我们在学习选修九、十的同时插入对语法项目的简单梳理。我们认为对语法的复习宜早不宜晚，宜简不宜繁。大家可能都注意到了，今年潍坊市教研室主持编写的九、十册的导学练与往年有所不同，加入了对语法项目的梳理，而且编排顺序与一般的语法讲解也有所不同，内容简明扼要，没有泛泛地对语法规则进行讲解，主要围绕考点以及易错点进行分析归纳。例如对于定语从句的复习只讲了十条易错点，非常必要，归纳很全面，掌握了这几点，学生在定语从句中常犯的错误基本能够得到解决。所选习题基本都是近几年高考题，很有代表性。且对高考题进行变式训练，有利于开发学生的思维，更加灵活地学习语法知识。因此我们在复习语法的时候充分利用了导学练，大大节省了时间，提高了复习效率。另外，对于语法的复习，我们提倡与写作相结合，例如：复习名词性从句时，让学生背诵一些与写作相关的名词性从句加深理解，如：No one can deny the fact that...;I hold the position/view that...；It goes without saying that...;It's generally believed that..;I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.等句型。复习分词时，让学生背诵 Compared with ten years ago, people's life has greatly improved;Faced with this problem,we should take effective measures to deal with it;Large areas of forests are being destroyed,causing many changes in weather等句型。讲解with与as的区别时，让学生背诵With time going by/As time went by,great changes have taken place in our hometown.等句型。在复习only所修饰的状语置于句首形成的倒装句时，背诵Only if we take action to deal with it now can we prevent such things from happening again等句型。

二 优化一轮复习，提高教学效益

一轮复习是高三教学的重头戏，一轮复习的效果在很大程度上决定着高考的成败，因此我们总是想方设法提高一轮复习的效率。一轮复习的主要任务是对基础知识的梳理与巩固，而其中词汇的复习又是重中之重，因此在一轮复习中我们一直非常重视词汇的巩固与运用。我们本着以课本为依托，以词汇为主线的复习思路，其中穿插阅读训练、写作训练以及综合模拟训练。一轮复习中要求学生一定回扣课本，看书与练习的时间比例大约为3：7。

1.群策群力，发挥集体智慧

加强集体备课，提高集体备课的实效性。每周四下午是我们英语组集体备课的时间，在专门的集体备课室里，我们就导学案、周计划、周检测进行统一计划与安排。每人制定一份周计划将教学任务细化到每一天、每一节，让师生对本周所学的内容做到心中有数。每单元由两位老师负责编制，主备人对本单元内容精心排查，梳理知识点，对要点、重点、难点、考点及学情进行综合分析，由大家共同探讨教法和学法，对导学案作进一步的改进和完善。将相关知识点与近三年高考题接轨，提倡变式训练，如将单选题改编成完成句子、选词填空、单句翻译等,做到举一反三，触类旁通；将完形填空改为语法填空、阅读理解、阅读表达等；将阅读理解改编成阅读表达、长难句分析与翻译等形式，将其穿插在精选的作业考试化练习题中，对学生进行有针对性的训练。在此基础上，大家根据自己所教班级的层次和接受能力，进行适当的调整，将集体备课与个人备课有机的结合，最大程度的发挥集体备课的成果。对于一轮复习的集体备课，我们加强对词汇的梳理与巩固，特别是对某些词汇的派生、搭配进行适当的拓展与延伸，对形近词或意近词进行必要的辨析，并通过练习加以巩固。在对每个单元的基础知识进行梳理的同时穿插阅读训练或写作训练，并且每周进行一次统一的综合模拟训练。每个单元的集体备课分为两部分：知识梳理学案与能力提升学案。能力提升学案主要以阅读训练或写作训练为主，所选题材尽量与单元话题相关，学生可以在做完形、阅读的过程中积累话题词汇或句型，运用到写作中。（附件2）

2.利用多种形式，加强对词汇的训练

很多学生反映在做单项填空与完形填空题时，词汇是一个很大的障碍，写作时也常常有词不达意的现象，拼写错误也屡见不鲜，因此在一轮复习中我们将加强对词汇的巩固与运用。通过专项训练、竞赛、写作等多种形式巩固词汇。例如对于选修九、十册的词汇以词义辨析为主。（附件3）对于必修模块的词汇复习以运用为主。（附件4）另外，我们提倡通过写作复习词汇，举两个例子。（附件5）

3.重视对写作的训练

写作的训练应该贯穿整个高中的教学，尤其是高三的教学。对于写作，我们提倡先输入，再输出。首先给学生提供经典句型或优美范文，让学生在早读或课余时间反复朗读背诵。提倡高三的学生写作时正确使用高级词汇、复杂结构、亮点句型以及恰当的衔接词，增加文章的文采，提高得分点。对于写作的训练主要利用每周末的周检测，精心选择写作话题，尽量与单元话题相关，可以练习本单元所复习词汇。二轮复习中我们将对写作按功能意念进行分类训练，如应用文类（日记、书信、演讲稿、通知等）、图表数据类、观点评论类、看图说话类等。一轮复习中我们对写作的训练主要按单元话题进行，巩固运用话题词汇或句型。

4.加强对讲评课的研究

讲评课是高三教学的常见课型，一轮复习中也穿插大量的讲评课，我们加强了对讲评课的研究，提倡学生的合作探究，鼓励学生参与到讲评中。另外，对于完形填空的讲评引导学生对文章寓意进行提炼与挖掘，体会作者的观点态度以及情感因素，提倡把一篇文章读深读透再做选择。对于一些长难句要分析结构，联系上下文，避免断章取义。对于阅读理解引导学生分析文章的篇章结构，首尾段的作用，上下文的衔接等，从整体上把握文章。训练学生认真研读题干及选项，找准题目出处。重点训练归纳主题、推理判断、猜测词义等出错率较高的题型。同时对阅读中的精彩句型进行赏析或翻译、模仿，向写作靠拢。对于写作的讲评强调赏析与修改，对典型错误、优美句式或优秀作文师生共同评析，或选择有代表性的作文让学生评分，作者介绍写作思路、写作步骤等。

5.开展听评课，互相学习，共同提高

根据学校统一要求，每个年级每科每周安排1至2节公开课，没课的老师必须参加听课，并利用每周的集体备课时间进行评课。所有老师知无不言，言无不尽，互相观摩学习，共同提高。讲课的老师还要形成书面的心得体会在组内交流，有力地促进了教学。

6.精选习题，限时训练，提高复习效益

对每个单元所复习的内容提倡限时训练，或课堂上以达标检测的形式呈现，或课下以作业考试化的形式呈现，这也是我们学校的统一要求。各科限时训练，防止抢占时间，互相冲突。对作业考试化的内容要精心筛选，面向大部分学生，以基础知识为主，杜绝重复练习、无效练习，提高复习效率。( 附件6)

总之，一轮复习中，我们将牢牢抓住词汇这一主线，巩固基础知识，同时培养学生的阅读能力以及写作能力，夯实基础，厚积薄发，争取在明年的高考中再上一个新的台阶，取得更大的胜利。

2012.9.20

初中英语语法总结

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初中英语常用语法 教学总结(人教版英语中考复习).doc

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