初中英语中主动形式表被动意义

以下是小编为大家准备的初中英语中主动形式表被动意义，本文共8篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。本文原稿由网友“leen”提供。

篇1：初中英语中主动形式表被动意义

初中英语中主动形式表被动意义

某些系动词，如feel， look， seem， appear， taste， sound， smell， prove， remain等用主动形式表示被动意义;主语通常是事物，且表示该事物本身具有某一固有特征。如：

The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。

误：The material is felt very soft.

The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美妙。

误：The music is sounded beautiful.

表示主语由内在品质或性能，使得主语得以实现或不能实现，用主动表示被动，常见的这类动词有：write， read， clean， sell， wash， cook， open， close， lock等。

1. 同well， badly， easily等副词连用。如：

The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。

The book sells well. 那本书很畅销。

The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔很好写。

2. 谓语动词用否定式。如：

The window won’t open. 这扇窗开不了。

The door won’t lock. 这门锁不上。

3. 主语+谓语(blow， wear等) +主补。如：

The door blew open. 门被风吹开了。

某些日常用语，cook， bake， make， print， pack， build， work out等动词用于进行时态时，可用主动形式表示被动意义。如：

The fish is cooking. 鱼正在煮。

The book is printing. 那本书正在印刷中。

The plan is working out. 计划正在制订。

不定式在下列情况下用主动形式表示被动意义：

1. 在“be+形容词+fit to do”句型中。如：

English words are difficult to remember. 英语单词很难记。

注：常用于此句型形容词有easy， hard， difficult， heavy， light， comfortable等。

2. 在作补语的形容词后作状语的不定式。如：

We found the book easy to understand. 我们觉得这本书的容易懂。

3. 在This /That /These /Those be后的名词后的不定式。如：

This is a difficult problem to solve. 这是一个很难解决的问题。

4. 在“there be/have/with sth. to do(有……要……) ”结构中。如：

I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多事要做。

5. 在“疑问代词+不定式”结构。如：

The question is what to do next. 问题是接下来做什么。

6. 在“be to blame/seek/let”结构中。如：

The house is to let. 此房出租。

He is to blame for this. 他因此事应受到责备

在表示“需要”的need， want， require，及be worth后的动词-ing形式，用主动形式表示被动含义。如：

The floor needs sweeping. 这地需要打扫了。

That picture is worth looking at. 那幅画值得看。

英语中的省略

在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给考生的理解增加了困难。现对省略现象总结如下:

一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。

1. This beeper works well，but that one doesnt (work well).

这个寻呼机工作正常，但那个就不行。

2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units，some (of them) (weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。

二、在when，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，wheth er，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。

1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid.

水纯净时，是无色的液体。

2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help.

我困难时总是找她帮助。

3. Errors，if any，should be corrected.

如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are)

4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning.

木头燃烧时，它放出很多烟。

5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for.

这封信留在这里待领。

6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something.

亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。

7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak.

她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。

篇2：主动形式表被动意义

一、介词形式，被动意义

This new railway is still under construction . 这条新铁路仍在建设中。

本句中的under construction “正在建设中”。介词under构成的短语，如果它的宾语是表示动作的名词，通常含有被动意义，意为“在……过程中”。它可改换为被动语态。但介词结构使句子言简意赅，避免过多地使用被动语态。这种介词短语在句中常作表语，也可作补足语或定语。例如：

Your suggestion is still under discussion . 你的建议正在讨论中。

He is said to be under arrest for stealing . 据说他由于偷窃被捕了。

The house under repair is our classroom building . 正在修建的房屋是我们的教学楼。

常见的这类under短语还有：

under attack在进攻中，under arrest在关押中，under consideration在考虑中，under construction在建设中，under contact在联系中，under discussion在讨论中，under examination在审查中，under investigation在调查中，under repair在修理中，under review在审议中 under treatment在医治中，under trial在受审中

还有一些介词，如in , on , for , above , beyond , past , out of , within等，也可以构成表示动作的介词短语。如：

The writer has finished writing his novel but it is not yet in print . (= …being printed)

作者已经写完了他的小说，但尚未出版。

Grapes from XinJiang are on sale . (=…to be rented) 还有两间房出租。

His virtue is above all praise . (=…can’t be praised completely) 他的美德赞颂不尽。

The fellow’s insolence is beyond endurance . (=…can’t be endured) 这家伙傲慢无礼，叫人受不了。

His car was out of control . (=…could not be controlled)那部汽车失去了控制。

The pain was almost past bearing . (=…couldn’t be borne) 痛得简直受不了。

The city is already within sight . (=…can be seen already) 城市已经望得见了。(在视野之中)

二、主动形式被动意义

初学被动语态不少同学常将应该用主动形式的句子错用为被动形式。请看如下句子和两

道高考题：

1. Those programmes are usually easy to receive and not difficult to understand .

2. They were still difficult to read and were very heavy to carry .

3. The sick woman needs ______ ( MET88 – 2 )

A . Looking after B . to be looking after

C . to look after D . being looked after (A)

4. We think the film is ______ ( MET85 – 1 )

A . worth to see B . worthy of seeing

C . worth seeing D . worthy to see I

句1意思为：这些节目通常很容易接收到而且也不难理解。句2意思为：这些书籍读起来还是很费劲，拿起来又很重。在学习句1句2时，学生习惯误译为：1. Those programmes are usually easy to be received and not difficult to be understood . 2. They were still difficult to be read and were very heavy to be carried . 所以总结一下主动形式表被动意义的情况是十分必要的。

(一) 不定式主动形式表被动意义

1 . 当不定式用在作表语的形容词后，在句中作状语，而句中的主语又是不定式的逻辑宾语时，通常用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。如上述句1句2。能带主动语态的不定式而表达被动意义的形容词常见的有：easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、light、interesting、important、expensive、fit、comfortable、pleasant、impossible等。其句型为S + link v + adj . + infinitive ( 主动语态 ) ，类似这种貌似主动实为被动的系表结构的又如以下例句。

Habits are easy to make but hard to break . ( Habits是to make、to break的逻辑宾语 ) 。

The water is fit to drink .

The picture is pleasant to look at .

2 . 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是动词的宾语，而句子的主语也是不定式的逻辑主语时。例如：

Mathilde only has a small cold room to live in . ( Mathilde是to live in的逻辑主语 )

He bought some magazines to read . ( He是to read的逻辑主语 )

3 . 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是及物动词的直接宾语，而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时。例如：

Mother always gives her little daughter some picture books to read . ( Her little daughter是to read的逻辑主语 )

The teacher gave the students some paper to write on . ( The students是to write on的逻辑主语 )

4 . 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是“there be…. ”结构句中的主语时 ( 此处用主动或被动式，一般说来无意义上的不同 ) 。例如：

There are many problems to work out . ( to be worked out )

(二) 在动词want、need、require等后面常用动名词表示被动含义，等于不定式的被动形式。再如：

The bike needs ( wants ) repairing ( = to be repaired ) . 自行车需要修理了。

(三) worth后跟动名词主动形式表示被动，但是不跟不定式的被动。再如：

This novel is well worth reading。这本小说很值得阅读。

(四) 有些动词不及物动词，只有主动形式，常视为主动表被动。如：

1 . take place、happen、break out等。

A big fire happened / took place / broke out last night .

2 . 感官动词 ( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look ) 用主动形式表示被意思。请看：

How sweet the music sounds !

Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .

3 . write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open常用主动形式表被动意义。请看下面句子：

The book sells well . ( 这本书销路很好。 )

The door will not open . ( 这扇门就是打不开。 )

This dress washes better . ( 这衣服较好洗。 )

The sign reads as follows . ( 这牌子告示如下。 )

篇3：主动形式表达被动意义

1.某些感官动词，如look,feel,sound,taste,smell等，常用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

His conclusion certainly sounded reasonable.

This kind of flower smells sweet.

In warm weather, fruit and meat don’t keep long.

The soup tastes delicious.

Velvet feels smooth/soft.

2.某些动词，如sell,wash,write,lock,shut,close,open,read,wear等，作不及物动词时，常用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

His pen writes smoothly.

The window won’t open.

This type of TV set sells well.

This kind of cloth washes well and last long.

This knife cuts well.

His trade pays well.

He received a telegram which reads:”Mother sick.”

The sign reads as follows.

The class numbers 60 in all.

The classroom measures 80 square meters.

3.prove用作系动词时，用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

These methods have proved quite effective.

He proves (to be) honest.

4.be worth后常加动词的主动形式表达被动意义。如：

The book is well worth reading.

This piece of music is worth listening to.

Only one of the books is worth reading.

5.need, want, require, won’t bear, deserve 等动词后用V-ing 主动形式表达被动意义。句中主语是 实质上的宾语。用作V-ing 形式的动词若是不及物动词，其后应加相应的介词。如：

The flowers need/want/require watering.

The problem required paying special attention to.

以上几个动词除bear外，也可以用不定式的被动语态来表示。如：

Your hair needs to be cut / cutting.

6.某些动词的进行时可表达被动意义，如print, cook, build, burn, show等，如：

What’s showing at the cinema this week?

Her novel is reprinting ( =being reprinted ).

The bridge is building (=beibg built ).

7.to let（出租），to blame（责备）只用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

This flat is to let.

Who is to blame for it?

8.在there be句型中，可以用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

There’s nothing to read.

There’s nothing to do now.

There’s nothing to worry about.

9. 有些形容词后接不定式作状语时，常用主动形式表达被动意义。此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, cheap, expensive, fit, nice, good, funny, exciting, light, heavy, dangerous, comfortable, delicious 等。动词是不及物动词时，要加相应的介词。如：

The fish is delicious to eat.

The ground is too hard to dig.

The chair is comfortable to sit on.

The book is difficult to understsand.

10.不定式作后置定语，与所修饰的词有动宾关系，又与句中其它名词或代词有主谓关系，这时不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。不定式为不及物动词时，其后应加相应的介词。如：

Do you have anything to say?

He is a pleasant person to work with.

The boy’s mother bought him a large toy train to play with.

I have a letter to write to tell the headmaster that we need a room to live in.

但：1.I’m going to Beijing. Do you have anything to be taken to your son?

2.----Do you have any letters to be typed, Sir?

----No, you may have a rest, Jane.

篇4：主动形式表示被动意义

作者：刘世一

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。英语的被动意义除了用及物动词的被动语态形式表示外，还可以用其他方法来表示，就像在汉语中并非一定要用“被”字来表示被动意义一样。

一、用某些不及物动词表示被动意义，如carry，cut， drive， keep， lock， open， pick， read， sell， shut，tear， wash， wear， write等等。这类动词既能作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时，虽然不是被动形式，却可表示被动意义。例如：

His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销。

Your pen writes quite smoothly. 你的笔写起来很流畅。

二、某些感觉动词的主动语态表示被动意义。例如：

This shirt feels much softer than that one. 这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。

These oranges taste nice. 这些橙子味道很好。

三、有少数动词的进行时有时有被动意义，如： print， cook， do， owe。在这种用法中，句子的主语通常指物。例如：

The magazine is printing in that company. 杂志正在那家公司印刷。

四、动词get， come， go之后接过去分词，表示被动意义。例如：

After working selflessly here for several years, Mr. Li got promoted at last.李先生在此地无私地干了好几年，终于得到了提升。

The woman's complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的控诉无人理睬。

五、在“need(want， require， deserve， etc.) + doing”结构中，动名词(doing)表示被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动式。例如：

The garden needs watering.= The garden needs to be watered. 这个花园需要浇水。

The problem requires studying with great care.= The problem requires to be studied with great care. 这个问题需要仔细研究。

六、在某些“形容词＋动词不定式”的结构中，其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：

The question is easy to answer. 这问题容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand. 那本书难懂。

篇5：被动形式表示主动意义

被动形式表示主动意义

be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries

He is graduated from a famous university.

他毕业于一所有名的大学。

注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。

He married a rich girl.

He got married to a rich girl.

篇6：主动形式表示被动意义

主动形式表示被动意义

1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…

The book sells well. 这本书销路好。

This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。

2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build

I was to blame for the accident.

Much work remains.

3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。

The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.

This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。

This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。

4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。

篇7：全国公共英语考试语法——主动形式表示被动意义

1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…

the book sells well. 这本书销路好。

this knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。

2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build

i was to blame for the accident.

much work remains.

3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。

the door needs repairing.= the door needs to be repaired.

this room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。

this book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。

4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。

篇8：全国公共英语考试语法——被动形式表示主动意义

be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries

he is graduated from a famous university.

他毕业于一所有名的大学。

注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。

he married a rich girl.

he got married to a rich girl.

主动离职与被动离职

英语动词语态-动名词表被动含义

毕业表中自我鉴定

在知行合一中主动担当作为思想

实习鉴定表中自我鉴定

初中英语中主动形式表被动意义.doc

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