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GRE英语快速阅读和取舍

时间：2023年04月27日

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下面就是小编给大家带来的GRE英语快速阅读和取舍，本文共8篇，希望大家喜欢阅读!本文原稿由网友“sheppard”提供。

篇1：GRE英语快速阅读和取舍

GRE英语快速阅读和取舍

GRE阅读的重大难度之一，在于考生们很少能在考场上的十几分钟里把一篇高深且抽象的文章理清头绪，所以往往出现尴尬的场面，我把别的几个小部分做得飞快，特意把时间留给阅读，但是还是被些复杂句式和深奥细节所困，解题正确率很低；但若有一次词汇题做得很慢，没什么充足时间留给阅读，我只是把它大略扫一眼，模糊知道是个什么感觉，也能做出后面几道题，不见得比前一种情况的结局更惨，这可真是件不公平的事。

这个尴尬的结局正好可以给我们一个提示：

上节讲过，4种大题材中的`元数个分支一次次地随机变换使得GRE的题材难度防不胜防。笔者做过统计，十几年来，完全相同的题材从来没有出现过，有时貌似在讲同一现象，如9110―1一长文章和9711―3一短文章都和冰气泡中气体有关，但具体侧重点和出题点毫无共同之处。所以，狂背文学资料和作者生平是毫无意义的，几乎不可能在现场撞到好运。

但是，我们知道，美国ETS机构出GRE人也不是各个学科的学者专家，而只不过是研究教育学和英语教学的人。美国的教育多年放任教学，学生学什么全凭自己兴趣爱好，所以，有时学生对兴趣、专业之外的各种常识的缺乏到了极其可怕的地步。笔者就亲眼见过连中国、印度在世界上什么位置，西瓜是长在地里还是长在树上都搞不明白的美国大学生。所以，你怎么指望那些出题人既能明白什么叫糖酵解，什么叫元氧代谢，什么叫基因，又熟诸什么叫表现主义，什么叫现代派艺术，什么叫布鲁斯音乐呢？显然，他们和我们一样，对这些题材很隔膜。

试想一下，有一个“两耳不闻窗外事，一心只读圣贤书”的老古董，对当前科研新知一无所知，对理工科类全然不了解，他看到了下面这篇汉语阅读小文，会害怕自己把题目做得一塌糊涂吗？

例文：

科学家现已发现帕金森氏症可能是由于脑中缺乏多巴胺这种物质引起的。帕氏症是一种可怕的顽症，患者表现出手脚震颤和不能自持等症状；而且病程呈进行性加重，不可逆转。到了晚期，肢体已无法自主控制，最后智力也出现变化，患者往往因衰竭而死，非常痛苦。很多世界名人深受此病痛之害，如美国拳王阿里，中国数学家陈景润。虽然很早人们就猜想该症与大脑病变有关，但因为没有确定病变的具体原因，以始终没有理想的替代疗法。现在人们既已发现多巴胺和这些症状的联系，就可以采用补给的方式来控制症状，或者采用基因疗法来彻底改变多巴胺不足的情况。当然这还都只是远景，现在为减轻病人痛苦，我们可以采用一些姑息疗法，如理疗、电击等，也有一定效果。

题目：

1、多巴胺有什么变化会引起帕氏症?

A、增多

B、减少

C、不变

D、元关

E未提

2、帕氏症在初期有哪些病理表现?

A、手脚麻痹

B、手脚僵硬

C、手脚抽搐

D、全身瘫痪

E、高烧不退

3、帕氏症有哪个名人得过?

A、阿里

B、里根

C、乔丹

D、布什

E、克林顿

4、帕氏症目前治疗前景怎样?

A、可完全治好

B、没有希望只能等死

c、只能采用姑息疗法，减轻痛苦

D、虽然现在还没有实现，但将来会很有前途

E、有些发现，但还没有确定价值

5、姑息疗法使用下面什么手段能减轻痛苦?

A、截肢

B、服药片

C、冬眠

D、水疗

E、电击

该同学看完文章，不知道多巴胺是液体、固体、晶体或非晶体，是黑是白，但看见文中说过一种物质叫“多…”也就足够了。帕金森氏症，该同学没听说过，也没在古书中见过，但看见文中说了几种症状，记住了它们是哪几个汉字。至于几个名人，此人不关心国际国内

篇2：GRE阅读做题时如何取舍

GRE阅读做题时如何取舍

学会取舍是GRE阅读解题技巧之一，标准是：

a)让步分句(如：带although的分句、带itistrue的分句、带do的分句等)一律跳过(但是用括号括起来)，只看后半个分句;

b)suchas后的内容一律跳过，也用括号括起来，不过我会数数列举的个数，如果是4个，则必出题，其他个数不用管，出题了再回头看;

c)forexample举例只要提炼关键词的首字母就可以了，也要括起来，重点看后面或前面的结论。

d)原因——标志词常为BECause、since——一律跳过，括起来，只看结果。比较容易被忽略的是resultin和resultfrom，遇到这两个，我在下面划横线做标记。

e)老观点只把握关键词、知道讲的是什么就行，其他一律跳过。

f)冒号后一律跳过，冒号下做标记。

g)分号后一律跳过，因为表示并列，内容和前面大体一致，分号做标记，出题的话再回来看。

GRE阅读材料练习：高管薪酬值多少

Big, controversial golden goodbyes to bosses are probably here to stay

老板们巨额而有争议的黄金告别可能会被留下来

IS THE new boss of Time Warner Cable about to become one of the

luckiest-ever winners of the great chief-executive pay lottery?

时代华纳有线电视公司的新老板会成为伟大的首席执行官中最幸运的赢家之一吗?

Robert Marcus is set to take over as boss on January 1st.

罗伯特·马库斯将于1月1日接任老板。

If rumours are to be believed, that will be just in time for the cable firm

to be bought by one of a host of rivals that are now circling it.

如果传言是可信的，那恰好有线电视公司被环绕的竞争对手中的一位收购。

A change-of-control clause in his contract means he could go straight back

out of the door with a golden goodbye of over $56m.

合同中的变更条款意味着他可以拥有超过5,600万元的黄金告别走出大门。

The biggest loser, in contrast, may be Philippe Varin, who will step down

as boss of PSA Peugeot Citron, a struggling French carmaker.

相反，的输家可能是菲利普·瓦兰，他从一个苦苦挣扎的法国汽车制造商PSA标致雪铁龙老板的位置上下来。

On November 27th, he issued a statement saying he would give up a pension

provision valued at 21m.

11月27日，他发表声明说，他将放弃价值2100万的养老金保障。

The board will decide his future pension arrangements before he retires,

probably with an eye on public opinion.

董事会将在他退休前安排他未来的养老金，可能会顾及舆论的反应。

He follows in the footsteps of Fred Goodwin, who presided over the collapse

of Royal Bank of Scotland.

他步了弗雷德·古德温的后尘，其导致了苏格兰皇家银行的崩溃。

In , again after a public outcry, the man known as Fred the Shred,

because of his fondness for firing people, agreed to reduce his pension by

212,500 a year to a paltry 342,500.

在舆论再次哗然，那个喜欢裁人的被称为弗雷德的同意将他的退休金的减少额从212500英镑一年增加到区区342500英镑。

It is rare for public disapproval of generous golden goodbyes to have so

much impact.

公众很少认为这些慷慨的黄金告别有这么大的影响。

Even the introduction of say on pay votes in countries such as America and

Britain seems only to have curbed the most egregious excesses.

甚至在一些引进了薪酬话语权投票的国家如美国和英国似乎只能抑制最令人震惊的过激行为。

Ira Kay of Pay Governance, a consultant, says that in America, most company

boards facing such votes have managed to win them by dropping overgenerous perks

like the automatic vesting of the boss's share options even when he has kept his

job following a takeover.

薪酬管理顾问艾拉凯指出，在美国，面临着这样投票的公司的董事会已经设法通过清理过于慷慨的激励措施，如老板股票期权的自动归属权，甚至在被收购后还继续他的工作。

The once-widespread practice of paying a boss's taxes on his post-takeover

payout, a nice little earner known as the excise tax gross-up, has also ended,

costing some chief executives millions of dollars, says Mr Kay.

凯先生说，在老板的税收上过往的做法是在他退休后支出，一个很好的被称为包税的赚钱者也结束了，花掉了首席执行官们数百万美金。

Bosses can no longer trigger big severance payouts by

self-termination—quitting or retiring—adds Doug Friske of Towers Watson, another

pay consultant.

另一家薪酬顾问公司韬睿惠悦的道格Friske说，老板们以后不能靠通过自行终止-辞职或退休增加巨额的退休金。

Topping up the pension fund for a boss who leaves earlier than expected is

now frowned on too.

为提前退休的老板补足养老基金现在也行不通了。

Say on pay has also forced boards to get better at costing perks that once

were wrongly regarded as practically free.

薪酬话语权也迫使董事会在之前被认为是随意额外津贴上做的更好。

Yet the golden parachute is a chronic problem that I don't see changing

anytime soon, says Donald Hambrick, a management professor at Pennsylvania State

University.

然而，金降落伞是一个老大难问题，我没看到最近会有什么变化，宾夕法尼亚州立大学管理学教授唐纳德·汉姆布瑞克说。

The procession of bosses exiting with fabulous pay-offs continues.

老板们难以置信的离职金仍在继续进行。

Pay consultants brought in by firms seeking a new boss often get blamed for

regarding the most generous existing package in the market as the baseline for

negotiations.

薪酬顾问为企业寻求新的老板常常会因为以市场最多的离职金为基准进行谈判而被责怪。

But there is also a small cottage industry of elite lawyers who are used by

any candidate to be boss, and who have mastered every trick in the book, Mr

Hambrick says.

汉姆布瑞克先生说，也有一些曾是老板候选人的小企业中的精英律师，他们懂得书中的所有技巧。

By the time the public is frothing at the mouth about some fired corporate

failure walking off with a fortune, it is usually too late to do anything about

it.

这时公众议论的是解雇失败损失的钱，而这通常是来不及做任何事情补救。

Everything is negotiated up front; that is the time to be outraged, he

advises.

他建议一切都协商都进行在前面，这是被激怒的时候。

Once a boss has failed and pulled the cord on his golden parachute, boards

typically conclude that it is best just to pay up quietly.

一旦老板已经失败并且拉着他的黄金降落伞的绳子，董事会一般认为是默默的把钱付了。

Even though recent legal changes have made it easier, even in America, to

claw back some of the money paid to failed bosses, in practice firms will only

try to do that if there is cast-iron evidence of fault, such as a financial

misstatement.

即使在美国，尽管最近的法律变化使得更容易夺回部分支付给失败老板的钱，在实践中如果证据确凿公司将尝试这样做，如财务失实。

None of this should come as a surprise to anyone familiar with the myopic

ways boards tend to work in practice.

董事会在实践中的目光短浅对所有的人来说这一切都不应该是一件惊讶的事。

The moment when a company is paying off a failure is also the moment it is

trying to attract the best possible candidate to sort out the mess.

当一个公司为失败付钱的那一刻也是它正试图吸引尽可能的人选来收拾烂摊子。

Contesting the last boss's deal could easily scare off the ideal new

one.

争辩最后老板的这笔交易很容易吓跑新的理想人选。

The CEO wheel of fortune keeps on turning.

CEO的命运之轮仍在不断向前。

篇3：GRE快速阅读大法

GRE快速阅读大法

1、时间约束

在GRE阅读中，一篇长文章大致需要在4分钟之内看完。而且GRE文章涉猎极其广泛，再加上其特有的长难句，因此考生在读文章时必然感觉晦涩难懂。

至此读者不禁要问，如想要在短时间内看完文章，是不是只要在提高速度下功夫，即在语言层面做些工作就可以了呢?

在回答这个问题之前，我们先来看一下作为母语是英语的美国人来说，他们读GRE文章是不是没有问题呢?

笔者自己发现美国人读GRE阅读文章也有与中国考生同样的感觉：文章晦涩难懂，做题时间不够等。原因何在?原因在于美国长期以来实行放任教育体制，言外之意，美国主流的教育观念是不强调美国学生必须要知道一些基本的自然科学的常识，不管他们想不想知道。所以，很多美国学生的地理和数学知识匮乏到令人惊讶的程度也就容易理解了。因此，尽管美国人在考GRE时占尽了母语的优势，但与像TOEFL那样的语言考试迥异的是G式阅读不是纯粹的语言测试，所以土生土长的美国人也发现他们也无法轻而易举地在如此短的时间内读完文章并做完题目。

那么，试想连他们都感觉吃力，又怎么能指望中国学在紧张而短暂的4分钟内，把一篇文章如学术研究般的字斟句酌，领会深意，甚至做一番英译汉的工作呢?因此，符合GRE的快速阅读势在必行!

2、GRE阅读所考察的能力

事实上，G式阅读考查的是实际思维能力,

而并非仅仅停留在一些语言层面的内容如庞大的词汇量对以及全文进行逐字逐句地把握等。拿词汇来说，中国考生只要具备了托福的词汇量就可以在GRE阅读中取得好成绩，。我想很多中国GRE考生的单词量绝不止六七千，可阅读确实其中相对薄弱的环节。

不难看出，考生用传统的阅读思维来应对G式阅读是其中最重要的原因。而传统阅读方法中处于核心地位的就是文章逐字逐句地研读并翻译，希望尽量做到全文理解，然后再去做题，而这种方法恰恰不适合GRE阅读。GRE阅读就是要求在全文所传递出来的海量的信息中迅速找出相关的重点信息来解题，没有有效的快速阅读是不可想象的。

实际上，GRE阅读这种抓大放小，快速阅读的考查重点是与整个GRE考试的考查重点是完全吻合的。因为GRE语文部分，乃至GRE考试实际上都不单纯为考英语而考英语，而是考查考生是否具备将来成为一个商业领导者或研究生所需要的阅读能力以及思维方式。所以GRE阅读就是以高难的英语为载体，通过考查考生是否具有根据文章后面的题目在文章中寻找相关信息的能力，来间接考查考生是否具备从未来工作中那浩如烟海的信息海洋中抽取关键信息的能力。

此处的关键信息，简单地说，就是我们在看完一篇文章后，我们所明白的无非是：诸如有一种什么动物，名字不知道，第一个字母是t。

有一些科学家对此种动物很感兴趣，于是抓了一只t来研究并在研究结束后提出了一种假说。后来把t放归自然，当然安装了跟踪装置，数月后，研究者再次将t带回实验室，根据跟踪装置的报道，证明他们最初的假说是完全正确的。

其实，考生只需先看懂这些就足够了。考生只需在考试中，将一切人物、地点、器具、物质都转化为一个字母或代号，一切细微的感觉都概括为或正或负的评价(顶多是有保留的或正或负的态度)，至于作者使用了哪些论据，经历了哪些论证过程，最后又如何推出自己的精辟论点，考生实在是没那么多时间去顾及了。也就是说，考生必须看懂的内容：

※ 作者在说什么内容以及这些内容有什么中心事物和人的代表

※ 作者对他们态度如何(正评价或负评价)

※ 作者在论证出自己的正或负态度过程中曾举过什么重点例子以及作者是否表示出了一些极端的评价，如最好、唯一之类。

3、快速阅读的误区

由于G式阅读其本身的特殊性和快速阅读的特殊要求，很多考生在学习使用快速阅读技巧的时候表现出诸多的误区，下面试举几例：

※ 盲目求快而忽略了文章中主要的信息

有些考生片面理解了GRE阅读中的快速阅读，认为快速阅读仅仅指的就是提高单位时间内容阅读单词的数量，所以在阅读实践中盲目提速。导致文章中重要的主干内容被忽略。如下例：

有些考生在处理上一段的时候以极快的速度从头念到尾，却没有区分关键信息和非关键信息。将黄色区域等同于粉红色区域。其实，粉红色区域的“as a consequence”说明该句的重要性将大大超过黄色区域中的句子。因为从逻辑角度来说，As a consequence是表示“前因后果”，而从逻辑上说，结果比原因更重要，所以正确的阅读方法应为迅速通过黄色区域，在粉红色区域细细研读。

※ 在阅读时缩手缩脚，不敢舍弃

有的考生在备考时也基本认同了快速阅读方法的合理性，可在实际阅读文章的过程中还是缩手缩脚，不敢快速阅读一些细节。仍然是上述例子。

有些考生把黄色区域中的文字也好好地研读了一番，甚至试图记下每一年发生的大事件。将大量时间花在细节上，最终导致没有时间去思考该这部分内容是否值得他这样去细细品味。

※ 在阅读时颠倒阅读重点

在把握GRE文章时首先应读出其逻辑层次，其中包括套路，各段段意，各段之间的逻辑关系以及主题句。其次，需注意文章中的一些重点语言现象，如GRE强转折，强因果和强对比等词所在的句子。同时在看文章时对一些重要的细节要记住它们大致的位置。最后在做题的时候对一些与题目相关的细节进行仔细的研读。因此，阅读GRE文章的优先顺序如下：

以上步骤的优先级(priority)依次递减。而很多考生的误区在于认为读GRE文章就是去读一些文章中的细节，而忽视了对文章整体的把握。由于在细节上花的时间太多，没有时间去思考诸如本篇文章的套路，主题句等问题。所以概括说来，很多同学读G式阅读文章刚好“本末倒置”。

新GRE逻辑阅读

1. The painter Peter Brandon never dated his works, and their chronology is only now beginning to take shape in the critical literature. A recent dating of a Brandon self-portrait to 1930 is surely wrong. Brandon was 63 years old in 1930, yet the painting shows a young, dark-haired man-obviously Brandon, but clearly not a man of 63.

Which of the following, if justifiably assumed, allows the conclusion to be properly drawn?

(A) There is no securely dated self-portrait of Brandon that he painted when he was significantly younger than 63.

(B) In refraining from dating his works, Brandon intended to steer critical discussion of them away from considerations of chronology.

(D) Brandon at age 63 would not have portrayed himself in a painting as he had looked when he was a young man.

(E) Brandon painted several self-portraits that showed him as a man past the age of 60.

2. Dance critic from Europe: The improved quality of ballet in the United States is the result of more Europeans' teaching ballet in the United States than ever before. I know the proportion of teachers who were born and trained in Europe has gone up among ballet teachers in the United States, because last year, on my trip to New York, more of the ballet teachers I met were from Europe-born and trained there -than ever before.

Which of the following identifies a questionable assumption made by the dance critic's reasoning?

(A) The argument overlooks the possibility that some ballet teachers in the United States could have been born in Europe but trained in the United States.

(B) The argument assumes that the ballet teachers whom the critic met last year on the critic's trip to New York were a generally typical group of such teachers.

(C) The argument assumes that the teaching of ballet in the United States is superior to the teaching of ballet in Europe

(D) Other possible reasons for the improved mental attitudes of United States dancers are not examined.

(E) The argument assumes that dancers born and trained in Europe are typically more talented than dancers born and trained in the United States.

3.Mayor Four years ago when we reorganized the city police department in order to save money, critics claimed that the reorganization would make the police less responsive to citizens and would thus lead to more crime. The police have compiled theft statistics from the years following the reorganization that show that the critics were wrong. There was an overall decrease in reports of thefts of all kinds, including small thefts.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously challenges the mayor's argument?

(A) When city police are perceived as unresponsive, victims of theft are less likely to report thefts to the police.

(B) The mayor's critics generally agree that police statistics concerning crime reports provide the most reliable available data on crime rates.

(C) In other cities where police departments have been similarly reorganized, the numbers of reported thefts have generally risen following reorganization.

(D) The mayor's reorganization of the police department failed to save as much money as it was intended to save.

(E) During the four years immediately preceding the reorganization, reports of all types of theft had been rising steadily in comparison to reports of other crimes.

4. It takes a particular talent to be a successful business manager. Business courses can help people to solve management problems, but such courses can do so only for those people with managerial talent. Such people should take business courses to acquire ideas that they can subsequently use to good advantage if management problems happen to arise.

If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true on the basis of them?

(A) People who are helped by business courses in solving management problems also have managerial talent.

(B) People who are already skilled at solving management problems are unlikely to benefit from business courses.

(D) People who lack managerial talent are more likely to take business courses than are people who have managerial talent.

(E) Those people who have never taken business courses are unable to solve management problems when such problems arise.

5. When a driver is suspected of having had too much to drink, testing the driver's ability to walk a straight line gives a more reliable indication of fitness to drive than does testing the driver's blood-alcohol level.

Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim made in the statement above?

(A) Not all observers will agree whether or not an individual has succeeded in walking a straight line.

(B) Because of genetic differences and variations in acquired tolerance to alcohol, some individuals suffer more serious motor impairment from a given high blood-alcohol level than do others.

(D) More than half the drivers involved in fatal accidents have blood-alcohol levels that exceed the legal limit, whereas in less-serious accidents the proportion of legally intoxicated drivers is lower.

(E) Some individuals with high blood-alcohol levels are capable of walking a straight line but are not capable of driving safely.

6. That sales can be increased by the presence of sunlight within a store has been shown by the experience of the only Savefast department store with a large skylight. The skylight allows sunlight into half of the store, reducing the need for artificial light. The rest of the store uses only artificial light. Since the store opened two years ago, the departments on the sunlit side have had substantially higher sales than the other departments.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

(A) On particularly cloudy days, more artificial light is used to illuminate the part of the store under the skylight.

(B) When the store is open at night, the departments in the part of the store under the skylight have sales that are no higher than those of other departments.

(D) Besides the skylight, there are several significant architectural differences between the two parts of the store.

(E) The departments in the part of the store under the skylight are the departments that generally have the highest sales in other stores in the Savefast chain.

7. To protect beachfront buildings from ocean storms, ocean resorts have built massive seawalls between beaches and the buildings. Not only do the seawalls block off some buildings' ocean view, but the beaches themselves become ever narrower, because sand can no longer creep inland as storms erode it at the water's edge. If the information is correct, which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported on the basis of it?

(A) Since the ferocity of ocean storms is increasing, increasingly high seawalls must be built between beaches and beachfront property.

(B) Even when beaches are heavily used by people, they are necessary to the survival of the many wild species that use them.

(C) Seawalls constructed to protect beachfront buildings will not themselves eventually be damaged by storms and will not require, if they are to protect the buildings, expensive repair or replacement.

(D) The conservation of beaches for future generations should be the overriding goal of shore management at ocean coasts.

(E) Trying to protect beachfront buildings by constructing seawalls is counterproductive in the long run for an oceanfront community wishing to maintain itself as a beach resort.

8. A study found that 70 percent of children surveyed in 1970 had at one time had cavities, whereas only 50 percent of those surveyed in 1985 had ever had cavities. The researchers concluded that the level of dental disease in children had declined between 1970 and 1985. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine the researchers' conclusion presented above?

(A) Cavities are the most common kind of dental disease to which children are subject.

(B) The children surveyed came from a broad variety of income backgrounds.

(D) The accuracy of cavity detection techniques has improved dramatically since 1970.

(E) The children surveyed in 1985 were younger on average than those surveyed in 1970.

9. David: Since attempting to preserve every species that is currently endangered is prohibitively expensive, the endangered species whose value to humanity is the greatest should be accorded the highest priority for preservation. Karen: Such a policy would he unsound because it is impossible to predict the future value of a species, nor is it always possible to assess the present value of species whose contributions to humanity, though significant, are indirect.

Which of the following is the main point of Karen's reply to David?

(A) Although it would be desirable to preserve all endangered species, doing so is not economically feasible.

(B) Even if the value to humanity of a given species is known, that value should not be a factor in any decision on whether to expend effort to preserve that species.

(C) Species whose contributions to humanity are direct should have a higher priority for preservation efforts than species whose contributions to humanity are only indirect.

(D)Since the methods for deciding which species have the most value to humanity are imperfect, informed decisions cannot be made on the basis of the assessment of such value.

(E) The preservation of endangered species whose value to humanity can be reliably predicted is more important than the preservation of species whose value for humanity is unpredictable.

10. Roger: Reading a lot as a child causes

nearsightedness-difficulty seeing things at a distance.

Louise: I disagree. Any correlation between near-sightedness and reading results from the fact that children who have trouble seeing things at a distance are likeliest to prefer those activities, such as reading, that involve looking at things close up.

Louise disputes Roger's claim by

(A) demonstrating that an absurd conclusion would follow if Roger's claim were accepted

(B) arguing that what Roger claims to be a cause of a given phenomenon is actually its effect

(D) pointing out that Roger's claim is self-contradictory

(E) attempting to demonstrate that Roger uses the term“nearsightedness” in an ambiguous way

11. Years ago, consumers in Frieland began paying an energy tax in the form of two Frieland pennies for each unit of energy consumed that came from nonrenewable sources. Following the introduction of this energy tax, there was a steady reduction in the total yearly consumption of energy from nonrenewable sources.

If the statements in the passage are true, then which of the following must on the basis of them be true?

(A) There was a steady decline in the yearly revenues generated by the energy tax in Frieland.

(B) There was a steady decline in the total amount of energy consumed each year in Frieland.

(C)There was a steady increase in the use of renewable energy sources in Frieland

(D) The revenues generated by the energy tax were used to promote the use of energy from renewable sources.

(E) The use of renewable energy sources in Frieland greatly increased relative to the use of nonrenewable energy sources.

12. Despite a dramatic increase in the number of people riding bicycles for recreation in Parkville. a recent report by the Parkville Department of Transportation shows that the number of accidents involving bicycles has decreased for the third consecutive year.

Which of the following, if true during the last three years, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy in the facts above?

(A) The Parkville Department of Recreation confiscated abandoned bicycles and sold them at auction to any interested Parkville residents.

(B) Increased automobile and bus traffic in Parkville has been the leading cause of the most recent increase in automobile accidents.

(C) Because of the local increase in the number of people bicycling for recreation. many out -of -town bicyclists ride in the Parkville area.

(D) The Parkville Police Department enforced traffic rules for bicycle riders much more vigorously and began requiring recreational riders to pass a bicycle safety course.

(E) The Parkville Department of Transportation canceled a program that required all bicycles to be inspected and registered each year.

13. Do strong electric currents, by means of the electromagnetic fields that accompany them, cause cancer in people who live and work nearby? Telephone line workers. who work near such currents every day, can provide a test case. They show elevated levels of brain cancer, therefore, the hypothesis of electromagnetic causation is supported.

Which of the following if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Burying power lines and other measures to protect the public from such electromagnetic fields would be prohibitively expensive.

(B) Telephone line workers are exposed to levels of chemical solvents high enough to cause brain cancer.

(C) High exposure to strong electromagnetic fields is correlated with a slightly higher-than-normal incidence of childhood leukemia, which is a form of cancer.

(D) Public health officials who found that a group of different illnesses in people living near a power substation could not reliably be attributed to its electromagnetic field were accused of covering up the facts.

(E) Telephone line workers, like most people. have electrical appliances at home, and most electrical appliances, when turned on, are surrounded by and electromagnetic field of some measurable level.

14. Neither the Sami nor the Kephrian delegations attended the international conference. Beforehand. the delegations of Daqua and Kephria. allies whose governments had grievances against Tessia. officially announced that one or both of the two would stay away if the Tessian delegation attended the conference. In response, the Sami delegation officially announced that it would definitely attend if both the Daquan and Kephrian delegations stayed away.

If the statements given are all true and all the delegations adhered to their official announcements. it must also be true that the

(A) Daquan delegation attended the conference

(B) Daquan delegation did not attend the conference

(D) Tessian delegation did not attend the conference

(E) Tessian delegation made no official announcement regarding its attendance at the conference

15. On turning 65 years old, everyone living in the town of Malton becomes eligible to receive a card that guarantees discounts on most goods and services sold in the town. Census records for 1990 show that 2, 450 inhabitants of Malton turned 64 in that year. Yet . in 1991 over 3,000 people applied for and properly received discount cards. So clearly some of Malton's population growth between 1990 and 1992 must be attributable to migration into the city by people in their mid -60's

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) The town of Malton has no complete census records for 1991.

(B) The overall size of the population of Malton grew by over 500 during 1990.

(D) Among the people 65 years old or older who moved into Malton in 1991. there was no one who did not apply for a discount card .

(E) In general. people who applied for and received discount cards in 1991 first became eligible to do so in that year

篇4：GRE快速阅读技巧

GRE快速阅读技巧

1.先过了单词关。

不用文章所有单词都认识。甚至要尽量保持文章中一些名词不认识，这样可以去猜，练习猜词的能力，毕竟考试中肯定会有词不认识，要根据上下文推测下。但是一些重要的形容词，名词，动词还是要认识的，因为这些词反映了作者的态度和文章的转折啊之类的结构。而且对这些词要很熟练，一看到就能反应过来是褒义还是贬义，不能反应半天。

2.每天练习下长难句

每天都看看长难句，不要看答案，自己尽量分析。

每看完一句长难句，都做一下意群训练，这个对提高阅读速度非常非常有帮助，看长难句最好每天都看一个小时，可以增加预感，也破除了对阅读的恐惧感，看的同时做意群训练可以增加阅读速度。

3.速度训练

读GRE逻辑框架：

很多教材都介绍了很多阅读把握逻辑框架的技巧，比如not only后的跳过，but also后的重点读，however后的要重点度之类的。

大家不能盲目记这些技巧，最好要自己亲手总结，适合自己的，毕竟很多时候GRE细节题考的都是一些要”跳过的“插入语，或者for example之后的东西。如果读的时候直接跳过了，就会有问题。

其实这个读重点的方法是非常好的，however，不应该那么死记硬背的去用，要通过自己的总结，去形成一种直觉，什么后面的该读，什么后面的该快速扫过。

大家可以在刚开始读文章时，细细的读每句话，读完后，理解了整篇文章，脑子里默想下文章的框架和主旨，是什么观点，是怎么论证的，有哪些重要的证据和性质，老观点弱在哪儿，等等。然后回过头去，划出你认为是非读不可，不读就理解不了文章主旨的。而且只要读划下文字，就能达到同样快速理解文章主旨的效果。然后再做下一篇，划下一篇。等做了十篇左右，就会发现划出的文字越来越少了，自己也慢慢清楚了GRE的文章套路，哪些是会考的，哪些可以忽略。

举个例子：一般反驳老观点的文章，看到第一个词many people，就可以扫过这句找however了，因为however肯定是指出他的不足和他对比，通过however的观点，脑子里就可以推出many people 的观点，这样就可以扫过不少内容。

一定要边读边动脑子，而不是盲目的吸收信息。大家都知道新GRE是逻辑考试，不是简答的语言考试，不要用做中学英语阅读的那套。

如果阅读中遇到读不懂的长难句，就仔细破解，找主谓宾，静下心来慢慢破解个一小时，一句话总看得懂吧。这样把握了结构做题的时候，遇到主旨题，细节题，作者态度题就直接秒杀了，不用回去看文章。然后遇到细节题，回去快速定位找下，毕竟文章理解了，定位就很快。

现在新GRE考试，阅读都很短，作者很难铺开写，所以逻辑非常清晰，这样做就很适合，练习的时候，每做完一篇阅读，就先心里默想下新GRE考试逻辑结构，用最短的话概括下，再去做题。

4.最后就是漫长的卡时间训练

可以从每篇文章6分钟，5分钟，4分钟根据个人情况一步步的训练。慢慢扔掉一些以前觉得一定要读的，因为没有那么多时间。根据每篇文章分配的时间，来有取舍的读，每篇短阅读2分钟读完，能读多少是多少，但是要把文章读完，而不是很细的读了前三句，后三句根本没看。要宏观的读下全文。文章把握住逻辑结构，观点即可，细节不要太深究，加快节奏。

5.体会下阅读和arg的关系

阅读和arg很像，确实是这样，大家把一片阅读简化后，发现就是一篇arg，作者举了一堆证据妄图证明一个观点，驳斥其他观点而新G中很流行的题型，比如怎么怎么样会support，或者undermine作者观点，其实就是arg中找反例，找逻辑错误的过程这样去解题就简单多了。只是我们思考的方式不同，看arg下意识的去找错，看阅读下意识的相信作者，所以往往会反应不过来。改革后的新GRE考试，取消了原来的“类反”部分，题目类型也变得多样化了，更加加强和强调了对逻辑推理的考察还有词汇要求更加高。但是作为一个标准化的测试，出题的原则还是万变不离其宗的，只要同学们保持好心态，多加练习，增强新GRE考试阅读逻辑推理能力。

GRE考试阅读理解模拟题及答案解析

Many critics of Eamily Bronte‘s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on, if it does not reverse, the first part, where a “romantic” reading receives more confirmation.

Seeing the two parts as a whole is encouraged by the novel‘s sophisticated structure, revealed in its complex use of narrators and time shifts.

Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry James, their presence does encourage attempts to unify the novel‘s heterogeneous parts.

However, any interpretation that seeks to unify all of the novel‘s diverse elements is bound to be somewhat unconvincing.

This is not because such an interpretation necessarily stiffens into a thesis (although rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always a danger), but because Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant elements of undeniable power that, ultimately, resist inclusion in an all-encompassing interpretation.

In this respect, Wuthering Heights shares a feature of Hamlet. (164 words)

1. According to the passage, which of the following is a true statement about the first and second parts of Wuthering Heights?

(A) The second part has received more attention from critics.

(B) The second part has little relation to the first part.

(D) The second part provides less substantiation for a ―romantic‖ reading.

(E)The second part is better because it is more realistic.

2. Which of the following inferences about Henry James‘s awareness of novelistic construction is best supported by the passage?

(A) James, more than any other novelist, was aware of the difficulties of novelistic construction.

(B) James was very aware of the details of novelistic construction.

(D) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction has led most commentators to see unity in his individual novels.

(E) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction precluded him from violating the unity of his novels.

3. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that an interpretation of a novel should

(A) not try to unite heterogeneous elements in the novel

(B) not be inflexible in its treatment of the elements in the novel

(D) concentrate on those recalcitrant elements of the novel that are outside the novel‘s main structure

(E) primarily consider those elements of novelistic construction of which the author of the novel was aware

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

4. The author of the passage suggests which of the following about Hamlet?

□A Hamlet has usually attracted critical interpretations that tend to stiffen into theses.

□B Hamlet has elements that are not amenable to an all-encompassing critical interpretation.

□C Hamlet is less open to an all-encompassing critical interpretation than is Wuthering Heights.

The deep sea typically has a sparse fauna dominated by tiny worms and crustaceans, with an even sparser distribution of larger animals.

However, near hydrothermal vents, areas of the ocean where warm water emerges from subterranean sources, live remarkable densities of huge clams, blind crabs, and fish.

Most deep-sea faunas rely for food on particulate matter, ultimately derived from photosynthesis, falling from above.

The food supplies necessary to sustain the large vent communities, however, must be many times the ordinary fallout.

The first reports describing vent faunas proposed two possible sources of nutrition: bacterial chemosynthesis, production of food by bacteria using energy derived from chemical changes, and advection, the drifting of food materials from surrounding regions.

Later, evidence in support of the idea of intense local chemosynthesis was accumulated: hydrogen sulfide was found in vent water; many vent-site bacteria were found to be capable of chemosynthesis; and extremely large concentrations of bacteria were found in samples of vent water thought to be pure.

This final observation seemed decisive.

If such astonishing concentrations of bacteria were typical of vent outflow, then food within the vent would dwarf any contribution from advection.

Hence, the widely quoted conclusion was reached that bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation for hydrothermal-vent food chains—an exciting prospect because no other communities on Earth are independent of photosynthesis.

There are, however, certain difficulties with this interpretation.

For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources.

This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures.

Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea animals have been found in the proximity of “smokers” – vents where water emerges at temperatures up to 350°C.

No bacteria can survive such heat, and no bacteria were found there.

Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas.

It is conceivable, however, that these large, sedentary organisms do in fact feed on bacteria that grow in warm-water vents, rise in the vent water, and then rain in peripheral areas to nourish animals living some distance from the warm-water vents.

Nonetheless, advection is a more likely alternative food source.

Research has demonstrated that advective flow, which originates near the surface of the ocean where suspended particulate matter accumulates, transports some of that matter and water to the vents.

Estimates suggest that for every cubic meter of vent discharge, 350 milligrams of particulate organic material would be advected into the vent area.

Thus, for an average-sized vent, advection could provide more than 30 kilograms of potential food per day.

In addition, it is likely that small live animals in the advected water might be killed or stunned by thermal and/or chemical shock, thereby contributing to the food supply of vents. (479 words)

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

5. The passage provides information for answering which of the following questions EXCEPT?

□A What causes warm-water vents to form?

□B What role does hydrogen sulfide play in chemosynthesis?

□C Do bacteria live in the vent water of smokers?

6. The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats have which of the following characteristics?

(A) They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.

(B) They are smaller than many vent faunas.

(D) They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.

(E) They congregate around a single main food source.

7. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author implies that vents are colonized by some of the same animal found in other areas of the ocean floor, which might be a weakness for the bacterial chemosynthesis model.

8. The author refers to “smokers” in the third paragraph most probably in order to

(A) show how thermal shock can provide food for some vent faunas by stunning small animals

(B) prove that the habitat of most deep-sea animals is limited to warm-water vents

(D) demonstrate how advection compensates for the lack of food sources on the seafloor

(E) present evidence that bacterial chemosynthesis may be an inadequate source of food for some vent faunas

Many critics of Emily Bronte‘s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on, if it does not reverse, the first part, where a “romantic” reading receives more confirmation.

许多评论家认为艾米莉·勃朗特的小说呼啸山庄的第二部分，即便没有颠覆之，也是对通常被认为表现出一种浪漫风格的第一部分的一种对比。

(

if it does not reverse 中的 if ，作 even though \\ although perhaps 即使，即便，虽然。

)

Seeing the two parts as a whole is encouraged by the novel‘s sophisticated structure, revealed in its complex use of narrators and time shifts.

而小说中对叙述人称和时间转换的复杂运用，所表现出的精致的结构，又使人倾向于认为两部分是一个整体。

的确，这些因素不足以得出结论说作者在小说结构上具备了 H J 那样的作者意识，但这些因素确实鼓励了把小说不同部分做统一解读的尝试。

However, any interpretation that seeks to unify all of the novel‘s diverse elements is bound to be somewhat unconvincing.

然而，任何尝试统一小说不同元素的解读，在某种程度上都缺乏说服力。

并非因为这样的解读必然堕为一种僵化的理论(尽管僵化地解读这本小说或任何一本小说总是危险的)，而是因为《呼啸山庄》包含的不可调和元素有一种无可否认的力量，最终会抗拒一种总括全局的解读。

In this respect, Wuthering Heights shares a feature of Hamlet. (164 words)

在这方面，《呼啸山庄》有点像《哈姆雷特》。

1. According to the passage, which of the following is a true statement about the first and second parts of Wuthering Heights?

(A) The second part has received more attention from critics.

(B) The second part has little relation to the first part.

(D) The second part provides less substantiation for a “romantic” reading.

(E)The second part is better because it is more realistic.

选D

句 1 。

第一部分是被认为 romantic 的，第二部分作为第一部分的对比 counterpoint ，即便没有颠覆 if it does not reverse ，可知起码第二部分不像第一部分那么浪漫。

2. Which of the following inferences about Henry James‘s awareness of novelistic construction is best supported by the passage?

(A) James, more than any other novelist, was aware of the difficulties of novelistic construction.

(B) James was very aware of the details of novelistic construction.

(D) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction has led most commentators to see unity in his individual novels.

(E) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction precluded him from violating the unity of his novels.

选B

句 2 中介绍了一些《呼啸山庄》的特点，比如叙述人称和时间的转换等，这些特点在句 3 中明确为，need not argue 不必然得出 H J 的那种注意小说结构的作者意识，可以认为 H J 更注意小说结构。所以选 B 。

3. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that an interpretation of a novel should

(A) not try to unite heterogeneous elements in the novel

(B) not be inflexible in its treatment of the elements in the novel

(D) concentrate on those recalcitrant elements of the novel that are outside the novel‘s main structure

(E) primarily consider those elements of novelistic construction of which the author of the novel was aware

选B

句 5 括号里的内容 although rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always a danger ，可以得出一个作者的倾向，作者认为僵化地解释任何一本小说都不好，符合 B 的描述。

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

4. The author of the passage suggests which of the following about Hamlet?

□A Hamlet has usually attracted critical interpretations that tend to stiffen into theses.

□B Hamlet has elements that are not amenable to an all-encompassing critical interpretation.

□C Hamlet is less open to an all-encompassing critical interpretation than is Wuthering Heights.

选B

根据文章，只有最后一句提到《哈姆雷特》，指两部小说都抗拒一种统一的解读，所以——

A 未知信息

B 正确

C 不能判断。两个都抗拒，不知道是不是某一个更抗拒。

The deep sea typically has a sparse fauna dominated by tiny worms and crustaceans, with an even sparser distribution of larger animals.

深海特有一种稀疏的动物群，主要由小虫和甲壳动物组成，更大型的动物则少之又少。

However, near hydrothermal vents, areas of the ocean where warm water emerges from subterranean sources, live remarkable densities of huge clams, blind crabs, and fish.

然而，海底喷泉口附近，也就热水从地表下喷出的区域，有大量巨型蛤蜊，盲蟹和鱼存活。

Most deep-sea faunas rely for food on particulate matter, ultimately derived from photosynthesis, falling from above.

多数深海动物的食物来源，是上方的光合作用产生的微粒物质的沉降。

The food supplies necessary to sustain the large vent communities, however, must be many times the ordinary fallout.

然而，想满足大型海底喷口附近的动物对食物的需求，必须要数倍于一般的沉降量。

描述喷口动物群的早期报告提出两种可能的食物来源：细菌的化合作用，由利用化合作用所产生的能量的细菌来提供食物，和平流作用，由周围区域的海流循环运来食物。

Later, evidence in support of the idea of intense local chemosynthesis was accumulated: hydrogen sulfide was found in vent water; many vent - site bacteria were found to be capable of chemosynthesis; and extremely large concentrations of bacteria were found in samples of vent water thought to be pure.

后来，越来越多的证据支持强烈的本地化学合成说：喷出的水流中检测出了硫化氢;很多喷口附近的细菌被发现能够进行化学合成;而原以为不含细菌的喷口水样中检测到了极高程度的细菌聚集。

This final observation seemed decisive.

最后这项观察结果似乎是决定性的。

If such astonishing concentrations of bacteria were typical of vent outflow, then food within the vent would dwarf any contribution from advection.

如果所有喷口喷出的水都聚集了如此多的细菌，平流作用带来的那点食物简直无法和喷口本身提供的食物相提并论。

(

dwarf 侏儒，作动词可以指“通过比较使…显得矮小”。

本剧直译大概是，喷口内的食物将使平流作用的的贡献显得矮小，也就说平流作用带来的食物相比之下太少了。

)

Hence, the widely quoted conclusion was reached that bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation for hydrothermal - vent food chains — an exciting prospect because no other communities on Earth are independent of photosynthesis.

因此，细菌的化合为喷口附近区域的食物链提供了基础成为一个广泛的共识 —— 这是个令人激动的观点，因为地球上还有其他群体的生存能够脱离光合作用。

There are, however, certain difficulties with this interpretation.

然而，这种说法也有一些回答不了的问题。

For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources.

比如，一些在喷口附近出现的大型固着动物也在常温深海区域被发现，距离最近的喷发热源也有数米。

This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures.

这意味着细菌化合不足以为这些动物提供食物。

Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea animals have been found in the proximity of “smokers” – vents where water emerges at temperatures up to 350°C.

另一个难点在于，“smokers” 附近也发现了种群密度相似的大型深海动物，“smokers” 喷出的水温度高达 350 摄氏度。

No bacteria can survive such heat, and no bacteria were found there.

这种温度下不可能存活、也没有发现任何细菌。

Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas.

除非 smokers 附近总有一些更适合动物生存的温水喷口，否则化学合成只能为一部分喷口附近的动物提供食物。

尽管如此，可以想象的是这些固着的大型动物实际上确实靠温水喷口的细菌提供食物，从喷口喷出的水最终回落到喷口周围，以养活喷口附近的动物。

Nonetheless, advection is a more likely alternative food source.

而平流作用，仍然是另一种更可能的食物来源。

Research has demonstrated that advective flow, which originates near the surface of the ocean where suspended particulate matter accumulates, transports some of that matter and water to the vents.

已经有研究显示，海面附近出现的平流聚集了悬浮的颗粒物质，其中一部分随水流被运到喷口。

Estimates suggest that for every cubic meter of vent discharge, 350 milligrams of particulate organic material would be advected into the vent area.

据估算喷口喷出的每立方米水，会有350毫克有机颗粒物质会被洋流输送到附近区域。

Thus, for an average-sized vent, advection could provide more than 30 kilograms of potential food per day.

所以，一个中等大小的喷口，每天通过平流作用提供超过30千克潜在的食物。

In addition, it is likely that small live animals in the advected water might be killed or stunned by thermal and/or chemical shock, thereby contributing to the food supply of vents. (479 words)

另外，随着平流被带走的小动物也可能被热量和化学冲击杀死，因此增加了喷口的食物供应。

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

5. The passage provides information for answering which of the following questions EXCEPT?

□A What causes warm-water vents to form?

□B What role does hydrogen sulfide play in chemosynthesis?

□C Do bacteria live in the vent water of smokers?

选AB

A 温水喷口的成因是啥，不知道。

B 二氧化硫在化合过程中的作用是啥，不知道。

C smokers 喷出的水中有细菌吗，句 13、14 明确说了，不可能有，也没有发现过。

6. The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats have which of the following characteristics?

(A) They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.

(B) They are smaller than many vent faunas.

(D) They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.

(E) They congregate around a single main food source.

选B

根据句 1 、2 的信息，如果不是喷口附近的动物群(经常有大蛤蜊，盲鱼等)，普通的深海动物群，主要是虫子和甲壳动物，B 符合题干。

“ For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources. ”

喷口是细菌最密集以及活跃的区域，也因此可以解释为许多动物提供了食物源，如果典型的喷口附近出现的大型动物也出现在较远的地区，则有可能削弱化合作用的理论模型。

如果仍然要坚持化合说，则起码要解释化合产物是如何被运输到数米以外的，像文中后面那样用平流作用来解释。

8. The author refers to “smokers” in the third paragraph most probably in order to

(A) show how thermal shock can provide food for some vent faunas by stunning small animals

(B) prove that the habitat of most deep-sea animals is limited to warm-water vents

(D) demonstrate how advection compensates for the lack of food sources on the seafloor

(E) present evidence that bacterial chemosynthesis may be an inadequate source of food for some vent faunas

选E

smokers 的特点是温度特别高，细菌不可能在这种高温环境下生存，所以提出 smokers 是为了说明，单纯用细菌化合说解释不了所有的 vent faunas

篇5：gre阅读考试成绩如何快速提升

gre阅读考试成绩如何快速提升?

生词问题

许多GRE阅读测试文章来自国外原创期刊或杂志。它们涵盖了科学技术、自然、环境保护、社会、文化、工作、生物、地理等多个领域。因此，遇到生词是合理的。但有些考生遇到生词就失去了信心。他们非常慌乱。他们打破了原来的阅读节奏和速度。当他们问问题时，他们因为生词而陷入困境。因此，问题不仅没有解决，而且影响了后续问题的速度和时间。可以说，“一旦开始，他们就到处移动”。在这方面，专家认为新词的出现是不可避免的，只要你有一个基本的词汇，就可以一个一个地彻底新词的问题。

有时新词属于更专业的词汇。他们的出现不是为了考察考生的词汇，而是为了考察考生的适应能力和判断能力。gre阅读怎么练习尤其是标题中出现的所谓生词，可以使不好的事情变得更好，成为考生寻找答案的线索词。

有时生词的意义可以直接在上下文中获得。gre阅读中遇到的生词的相当一部分意义可以通过各种方式猜测得到。因此，在生词周围或语境中寻找解释是一种有效的方法。

时间问题

gre阅读考试备考很多学生面对GRE阅读考试，都会感叹时间不够，往往考生来不及读完整篇文章。问题解决速度达不到要求的原因有很多，如词汇、阅读方法和解决问题的能力。此外，还有一个重要因素：没有权衡，没有衡量问题的优先性。鉴于GRE考试模式不倒箭，如果遇到很难阅读的问题，就要花很多时间去定位和分析那些难以保证正确率的问题。建议你直接猜出答案，然后输入下一个问题，不要在这些问题上花太多时间。只有学会选择或拒绝，才能保证解决以下问题的时间，从而弥补损失，取得更好的gre阅读成绩提升。

理解问题

很多考生在日常练习和考场遇到需要查找关键词和中心句的问题时，总是跟着感觉走，完全失去了方向和焦点，这直接导致了在面对问题时很难回到原来的位置。因此，考生应学会在阅读过程中直接寻找线索，即中心句的关键词。建议我们在日常的课堂和习题中总结试题的特点，用一两个词覆盖整个题目。使用关键词来定位答案，更多地关注目标，更有方向性。

其实，只要有经验的考生都会知道，在最后一个错误造成之后，就应该尽量避免在同类问题面前再次犯错。这样，就更容易知道他们的弱点在哪里。如何提高gre阅读的效率，是掌握gre阅读解决问题的技巧，避免其弱点失分的关键。

GRE阅读：法国二月革命

In February 1848 the people of Paris rose in revolt against the constitutional monarchy of Louis-Philippe. Despite the existence of excellent narrative accounts, the February Days, as this revolt is called, have been largely ignored by social historians of the past two decades. For each of the three other major insurrections in nineteenth-century Paris—July 1830, June 1848, and May 1871—there exists at least a sketch of participants’ backgrounds and an analysis, more or less rigorous, of the reasons for the occurrence of the uprisings. Only in the case of the February Revolution do we lack a useful description of participants that might characterize it in the light of what social history has taught us about the process of revolutionary mobilization. Two reasons for this relative neglect seem obvious. First, the insurrection of February has been overshadowed by that of June. The February Revolution overthrew a regime, to be sure, but met with so little resistance that it failed to generate any real sense of historical drama. Its successor, on the other hand, appeared to pit key socioeconomic groups in a life-or-death struggle and was widely seen by contemporary observers as marking a historical departure. Through their interpretations, which exert a continuing influence on our understanding of the revolutionary process, the impact of the events of June has been magnified, while, as an unintended consequence, the significance of the February insurrection has been diminished. Second, like other “successful” insurrections, the events of February failed to generate the most desirable kinds of historical records. Although the June insurrection of 1848 and the Paris Commune of 1871 would be considered watersheds of nineteenth-century French history by any standard, they also present the social historian with a signal advantage: these failed insurrections created a mass of invaluable documentation as a by-product of authorities’ efforts to search out and punish the rebels.

Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February 1848. Experiences are retold, but participants typically resume their daily routines without ever recording their activities. Those who played salient roles may become the objects of highly embellished verbal accounts or in rare cases, of celebratory articles in contemporary periodicals. And it is true that the publicly acknowledged leaders of an uprising frequently write memoirs. However, such documents are likely to be highly unreliable, unrepresentative, and unsystematically preserved, especially when compared to the detailed judicial dossiers prepared for everyone arrested following a failed insurrection. As a consequence, it may prove difficult or impossible to establish for a successful revolution a comprehensive and trustworthy picture of those who participated, or to answer even the most basic questions one might pose concerning the social origins of the insurgents.

12.1. According to the passage, “a useful description of participants” (lines 11-12) exists for which of the following insurrections of nineteenth-century France?

I. The July Insurrection of 1830

II. The February Revolution of 1848

III. The June insurrection of 1848

IV. The May insurrection of 1871

(A) I and III only

(B) II and IV only

(D) I, III, and IV only

(E) II, III, and IV only

12.2. It can be inferred from the passage that support for the objectives of the February Revolution was

(A) negligible

(B) misguided

(D) spontaneous

(E) widespread

12.3. Which of the following, best describes the organization of the second paragraph?

(A) The thesis of the passage is stated and supporting evidence systematically presented.

(B) Two views regarding the thesis presented in the first paragraph are compared and contrasted.

(D) The thesis presented in the first paragraph is systematically supported.

(E) The thesis presented in the first paragraph is further defined and a conclusion drawn.

12.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author considers which of the following essential for understanding a revolutionary mobilization?

(A) A comprehensive theory of revolution that can be applied to the major insurrections of the nineteenth century

(B) Awareness of the events necessary for a revolution to be successful

(D) The historical perspective provided by the passage of a considerable amount of time

(E) Knowledge of the socioeconomic backgrounds of a revolution’s participants

12.5. Which of the following can be inferred about the “detailed judicial dossiers” referred to in line 49?

(A) Information contained in the dossiers sheds light on the social origins of a revolution’s participants.

(B) The dossiers closely resemble the narratives written by the revolution’s leaders in their personal memoirs.

(D) Social historians prefer to avoid such dossiers whenever possible because they are excessively detailed.

(E) The February Revolution of 1848 produced more of these dossiers than did the June insurrection.

12.6. Which of the following is the most lical objection to the claim made in lines 38-39?

(A) The February Revolution of 1848 is much less significant than the July insurrection of 1830.

(B) The backgrounds and motivations of participants in the July insurrection of 1830 have been identified, however cursorily.

(D) Historical records made during the July insurrection of 1830 are less reliable than those made during the May insurrection of 1871.

(E) The importance of the July insurrection of 1830 has been magnified at the expense of the significance of the February Revolution of 1848.

12.7. With which of the following statements regarding revolution would the author most likely agree?

(A) Revolutionary mobilization requires a great deal of planning by people representing disaffected groups.

(B) The objectives of the February Revolution were more radical than those of the June insurrection.

(D) Revolutions vary greatly in the usefulness of the historical records that they produce.

(E) As knowledge of the February Revolution increases, chances are good that its importance will eventually eclipse that of the June insurrection.

篇6：GRE阅读怎样更好更快速

GRE阅读怎样更好更快速

首先，我们必须首先脑子里面有狐狸/人/太极/蝎子，也就是我们已经在成长过程中见过这些东西，然后我们才能在知道这个地形长的像它们。这就是背景知识。

我在上课的时候曾经讲了一个例子，就是让大家背一组数字，如果数字是1234567，大家一定可以不费吹灰之力背下来。为什么呢?因为大家小时候都背过。但是如果你让一个刚刚会说话的孩子背1234567，他/她要花费几天甚至几个月的时间。为什么呢?因为他/她没有背景知识，也就是说他/她从来没有见过这玩意儿，你让他/她怎么认知呢?

同样，在GRE阅读中也是一样。虽然官方说明中明确了GRE阅读不会因为大家的专业背景而造成做题困难，但是事实上，上过我的课的同学都知道：绝对有些题目文科生想骂娘，而另外一些题目理科生想撞墙。这就是因为背景知识的问题，当然这些造成不同专业学生得分不同的题目，大多数考察的都是人类正常逻辑。那为什么大家还做不出来呢?因为中国学生在大学期间是没有逻辑学通识课的，而且中国人也恰恰是非常不讲究逻辑思维的，这样一场考试放在中国人面前显然是为难了咱们。

逻辑是个舶来品，西方公元前五百多年的时候哲学始祖Thales发明了L备考指导US这个单词，亚里士多德更是将其发展成了一门大学问，那时候的中国人还在互相掐架呢。现在的中外理科博士还都是PH. D.,知道哲学中的逻辑在西方多么重要了吗?当然中国古代有个叫公孙龙的，也设计了一些逻辑学的诡辩术，不扯了。

大家都知道GRE是逻辑考试，SAT也是逻辑考试。但是大家有没有想过自己在成长的过程中有没有碰到过逻辑考试?

除了公务员考试的逻辑部分和刑侦人员考试，中国的一般性考试从来都不重视考察逻辑;而英美国家考大学的SAT是逻辑考试，考研究生的GRE,GMAT,和LSAT依然是逻辑考试。这就是中西方的差异了。

所以说大家在没有一些足够的逻辑背景的基础下玩这种西方人的考试游戏，大家能不傻眼吗?况且还有一堆单词在分散大家的注意力。

GRE阅读至少是弱化背景知识的，但是大家说正常的人类思维逻辑属不属于背景知识?基于写作逻辑的英文语篇构成模式(formal schema)属不属于背景知识?

而恰恰GRE阅读是重点考察大家通常认为不重要的逻辑学背景知识和语篇构成模式的背景知识。缺乏这两个，GRE阅读你碰一下，都是在浪费你的泡妞/吊哥时间。

所以说，我们在学习GRE阅读的过程中，一定要站的高，以TOP-DOWN的思维方式学习。不要陷于字词句的细节泥潭之中。细节题目可以先抛弃。

这是符合我们的人类思维的。那为什么同学们在平时学习的时候还是会被一个单词一个句子所羁绊呢?

这就是市面上一些江湖培训机构给大家带来的恶果，他们在逻辑考试面前片面过分强调单词的重要性，而非逻辑的重要性，市面上GRE单词书满天飞，但是讲GRE语言逻辑(尤其语篇语言学)的书狗屁没有。加之同学们急功近利，以为背了红宝书/长难句上了考场肯定下笔如有神助。实际上每个背了单词没做练习题，思维混乱的学生，下来第一感受就是被虐了，想哭，想找个歪子树泄愤，或者找男朋友狂揍。

GRE阅读文章特点

一、GRE阅读文章要求需有适合研究生层面的所谓强度(tension)，这种强度通过三个方面来实现，一是基本不采用线性(linear)文章，多数文章蜿蜒曲折，体现出GRE人文社科类文章所有传到的世界本就是二律背反的哲学本质。

二、GRE阅读文章体裁固定，在筛选文章的过程中用一个软件对文章体裁进行严格的限制，只要四类文章，Physical Science (自然科学)、Biol.ical Science(生物科学)、Arts(艺术)、Humanities(人文科学)。GRE文章体裁的固定性为考生的复习框定了范围，在有经验的老师的指导下学生可以减少复习的盲目性，提高复习效率。

三、GRE文章追求最大程度的公平性(fairness)。公平性是这样一家第三方机构生存的基础。因此决定了GRE的文章的客观公正性，文章不可能出现极端的观点，非黑即白的阐释，体现出美国研究生院要求学生具备最基本的批判性思维(critical thinking)的能力要求标准。

GRE阅读怎样在原文里找答案

GRE阅读考查的范围非常广，不像填空、类比和反义那样注重基础和词汇量，而GRE阅读又与其他考试中的阅读有很大区别，所以在技巧方法上也要区分对待。GRE阅读中多见长句，对理解造成很大障碍，然而这一大特点也促使形成了解决GRE阅读的一个制胜法宝——从原文中来，到原文中去。因为长句具有较高的难度，所以出题者会把很大的精力放在对句子本身的理解上，而不像其他考试中的阅读那样主要侧重对文章内容的理解。在实际解题过程中，我们如果真正理解并掌握了这一点，就能提高做题速度和准确性，因为实实在在能从原文中找到证据的答案必定是正确答案。

虽然答案是绝对忠于原文的，但它的出现往往都披着迷惑人的外衣，同时其他四个似是而非的选项也会对考生进行干扰。对原文中句子变形的方法多种多样，变形后的句子所使用的句式和词组搭配常常不同于原句，一般会是对原句的解释和概括，但基本框架不变。一旦正确掌握了原句的复杂结构，选择出正确答案就不会困难了。以下几个例子都来自考生容易选错的题目：

Eg1. According to the passage, random failures in automatic control systems are “not merely trivial aberrations” because

(A) Automatic control systems are designed by engineers who have little practical experience in the field

(B) The failures are characteristic of systems designed by engineers relying too heavily on concepts in mathematics

(D) Designers of automatic control systems have too little training in the analysis of mechanical difficulties

(E) Designers of automatic control systems need more help from scientists who have a better understanding of the analytical problems to be solved before such systems can work efficiently

本题在原文中的定位为：Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics. 这个句子中间用分号隔开，分号前的部分对应着题干中的问题，分号后即是对前半句的解释，也就是说这个句子本身就是一问一答型，答案就是后半句话，在选择答案时我们只要看哪个选项是对这句话的变形即可。注意这半句话中chaos是一个关键词，that 引导定语从句，而这个定语从句中又有一个关键短语：result in，这个短语是表示结果的，然后看它的宾语是mathematics，而这个名词是不能被替换掉的，直接从五个选项中挑选，只有B说出了mathematics，无疑这就是正确答案了。解答本题时能看出mathematics这一重心之后，根本不需要自己进行任何总结和概括，看出哪个选项是对原句的变形就全部搞定了。我们再仔细看一下B答案，其中rely heavily on代替了原句中的chaos result in，而意义与先前保持一致。

Eg2. According to the passage, certain serious contemporary phot.raphers expressly make which of the following claims about their phot.raphs?

(A)Their phot.raphs could be created by almost anyone who had a camera and the time to devote to the activity.

(B)Their phot.raphs are not examples of art but are examples of the phot.raphers' impartial observation of the world.

(C)Their phot.raphs are important because of their subjects but not because of the responses they evoke in viewers.

(D)Their phot.raphs exhibit the same ageless principles of form and shading that have been used in painting.

(E) Their phot.raphs represent a conscious glorification of the mechanical aspects of twentieth-century life.

本题在原文中的定位为：Serious phot.raphers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. 注意anything but 是“决不”的意思，B答案就是对这句话的变形，只不过是把原文中所列出的几种形式用examples概括罢了。在这个例子中还要注意的是原句中的anything but注定了其变形应该表示否定，按照这种理解很容易选出正确答案。

Eg3. According to the passage, what did Hargrave and Green do in the laboratory?

(A) They compared the grazing rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory with the natural grazing rates of these species.

(B) They hypothesized about the population density of grazers in natural habitats by using data concerning the population density of grazers in the laboratory.

(C) They estimated the community grazing rates of zooplankton in the laboratory by using data concerning the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton.

(D) They estimated the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton by using data concerning the known population density of phytoplankton.

(E) They estimated the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton by using laboratory data concerning the grazing rates of individual zooplankton species.

本题在原文中的定位为：Studies by Hargrave and Green estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers. 原句比较复杂，并且使用and then介绍操作顺序，在理解原句时要分清主要动作和次要动作，而选项中给出的句子都非常短，也就是要对原句进行压缩，找出主要动作。理解了这种变形之后，不难发现正确答案为E。

GRE阅读文章练习：英国女演员的地位

In the past, only men could become actors in some societies. In the ancient Greece and Rome and the medieval world, it was considered disgraceful for a woman to go on the stage, and this belief persisted until the 17th century, when in Venice it was broken. In the time of William Shakespeare, women's roles were generally played by men or boys.

When an eighteen-year Puritan prohibition of drama was lifted after the English Restoration of 1660, women began to appear on stage in England. Margaret Hughes is credited by some as the first professional actress on the English stage. This prohibition ended during the reign of Charles II in part due to the fact that he enjoyed watching actresses on stage. The first occurrence of the term actress was in 1700 according to the OED and is ascribed to Dryden.

In Japan, men (onnagata) took over the female roles in kabuki theatre when women were banned from performing on stage during the Edo period. This convention has continued to the present. However, some forms of Chinese drama have women playing all the roles.

In modern times, women sometimes play the roles of prepubescent boys. The stage role of Peter Pan, for example, is traditionally played by a woman, as are most principal boys in Britishpantomime. Opera has several “breeches roles” traditionally sung by women, usually mezzo-sopranos. Examples are Hansel in H?nsel und Gretel, Cherubino in The Marriage of Figaro and Octavian in Der Rosenkavalier.

Women in male roles are uncommon in film with the notable exceptions of the films The Year of Living Dangerously and I'm Not There. In the former film Linda Hunt played the pivotal role of Billy Kwan, for which she received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In the latter film Cate Blanchett portrayed Jude Quinn, a representation of Bob Dylan in the sixties, for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Women playing men in live theatre is particularly common in presentations of older plays, such as those of Shakespeare, that have large numbers of male characters in roles where the gender no longer matters in modern times.

Having an actor dress as the opposite sex for comic effect is also a long-standing tradition in comic theatre and film. Most of Shakespeare's comedies include instances of overt cross-dressing, such as Francis Flute in A Midsummer Night's Dream. The movie A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum stars Jack Gilford dressing as a young bride. Tony Curtisand Jack Lemmon famously posed as women to escape gangsters in the Billy Wilder film Some Like It Hot. Cross-dressing for comic effect was a frequently used device in most of the thirty Carry On films. Dustin Hoffman and Robin Williams have each appeared in a hit comedy film (Tootsie and Mrs. Doubtfire, respectively) in which they played most scenes dressed as a woman.

Occasionally, the issue is further complicated, for example, by a woman playing a woman acting as a man pretending to be a woman, like Julie Andrews in Victor/Victoria, or Gwyneth Paltrow in Shakespeare in Love. In It's Pat: The Movie, film watchers never learn the gender of the andr.ynous main characters Pat and Chris (played by Julia Sweeney and Dave Foley). A few roles in modern films, plays and musicals are played by a member of the opposite sex (rather than a character cross-dressing), such as the character Edna Turnblad in Hairspray—played by Divine in the original film, Harvey Fierstein in the Broadway musical, and John Travolta in the movie musical. Linda Hunt won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing Billy Kwan in The Year of Living Dangerously. Felicity Huffman was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for playing Bree Osbourne (a male-to-female transsexual) in Transamerica.

篇7：GRE阅读快速入门解题技巧思路

只需读每段首尾两句总结出文章主旨即可。常见的阅读文章有4种：

a)科技文章，描述客观现象，特点是语言客观中立，术语较多，但主旨明显;

b)科技文章，方法论型，多是关于科学研究方法的，主旨为作者的观点;

c)非科技文章，人文类，有鲜明的观点，语言偏于抽象、晦涩;

d)非科技文章，社科类，论述某社会事件或人物，比较强调该事件或人物与其社会背景的关系，有比较明确的观点。

篇8：GRE阅读快速入门解题技巧思路

a)关于主旨的问题，常见问法有：

The author's main purpose is...

The main idea of the passage is...

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

Which of the following questions does the passage answer?

b)关于语气、态度和风格的问题，常见的问法有：

The author's tone is best described as...

The author views his subject with...

The author's presentation is best characterized as...

The passage is most likely from...

The author most likely thinks the reader is...

回答这类题时，一定要把握ETS的选题标准。ETS所选的文章都是思维缜密清晰、文字严谨、态度中立不偏激、对知识阶层持尊敬态度，而且通常GRE中会有一篇文章是关于女性、黑人或其它过去被歧视的群体和社会阶层，这些文章都严格遵循“政治上正确”这一原则，即不能对这些阶层持歧视或否定态度。知道了这些，许多问题就可迎刃而解了。

当然，阅读水平是GRE成功的基石，是每位GRE考生在准备过程中的重中之重。

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