GRE英语阅读出现的长难句例子

时间:2022年12月17日

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以下是小编收集整理的GRE英语阅读出现的长难句例子,本文共10篇,希望对大家有所帮助。本文原稿由网友“Iruano”提供。

篇1:GRE英语阅读出现的长难句例子

下面是GRE英语考试阅读中出现的长难句,快来了解一下吧,记得要举一反三哦。

1. virginia woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing mrs. dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics,since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the “poetic” novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. (5)

难句类型:复杂修饰、省略、抽象词

译文:弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫(virginia woolf)在创作《黛洛维夫人》(mrs. dalloway)时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述,迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略,因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面,而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家(poetic novelist)所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家,所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态,并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。

解释:本句逗号以前只有复杂修饰的长主语有些难,但总的来讲比较好懂,since引导的原因状语从句较难。

a、since之后的it指前面的statement,highlight的宾语an aspect之后有两个修饰成分,一个是of her literary interests, 另一个是以that引导的定语从句that is very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist,都是修饰an aspect的。novelist后面又有由and 连接的两个介词结构concerned with doing 修饰novelist.

b、句中有两处省略,一是在her literary interests that is very different from当中,修饰interests的定语从句中引导词+be that is 一起省略了。第二处在and之后,由于concerned with与前面的concerned with重复,所以concerned被省略。

c、本句另外一个难懂的地方,就是使用了大量的抽象词。这是文学市评论题材的文章的一个特点。

意群训练:virginia woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing mrs. dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics,since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the “poetic” novelist concerned with examining statesof reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.

2. as she put it in the common reader,“it is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything chaucer said or wrote ; and yet,as we read him,we are absorbing morality at every pore.”(5-)

难句类型:抽象词、抽象词组、比喻

译文:就像她在《致普通读者》一书中所表达的那样,“尽管可以毫无疑问的说,没有任何法律被指定出来,也没有任何高楼大厦被建立起来是因为乔叟说了什么或者写了什么;然而,当我们读它的书的时候,我们身上每一个毛孔都充满了道德”

解释:这句话不但用了词抽象,还用了比喻的修辞手法。是指没有因为乔叟的言论而产生任何实际的行为规则或政治机构,但我们受其影响之深,以及其影响力之大。

意群训练:as she put it in the common reader,“it is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything chaucer said or wrote ; and yet,as we read him,we are absorbing morality at every pore.”

3. with the conclusion of a burst activity,the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids,leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted,via oxidative metabolism,by the liver into glucose,which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis.(4+)

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、专有名词

译文:随着爆发出来的运动的结束,再体液中乳酸含量会变得很高,使得大型动物处于容易受到攻击的状态,直到乳酸通过有氧新陈代谢,被肝脏转化成(convert into)葡萄糖,而葡萄糖接下来又会(部分)传送回肌肉中重新合成糖原 。

解释:本句中修饰成分极多,以分词修饰和介词结构修饰为主,作各种类型的状语。前面的状语和主句还好理解,从leaving开始句子变难;leaving引导的直到句末的结构来做整个句子的状语;分词中又包含了三个状语,其中的两个via oxidative metabolism by the liver又起到了插入语的作用,把be converted into拆成两段。

本句的另外一个特征是其中充斥着专有名词。其中的body fluids, oxidative和resynthesis通过字面的意思或者根据词头、词根我们还是应该猜出其意思的,lactic acid, metabolism和muscle这三个词在生物类文章中极其常用,大家应该背下来;而glycogen这种东西则没办法,只能作一个首字母提炼。但是请记住,gre和gmat文章中只要出现了这种专有名词,出题者是一定会在文章中把它在文章中所乃至的词义解释清楚的,所以读者遇到文章中做了解释的专有名词,应该力求把解释看懂。

意群训练:with the conclusion of a burst activity,the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids,leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted,via oxidative metabolism,by the liver into glucose,which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis.

篇2:GRE英语阅读长难句

GRE英语考试中,阅读一直是必争之地,而阅读之所以难,是因为阅读中常常出现一些又长又难的句子,下面就来看看这些长难句的类型吧。

1. that sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. (难度系数5,下同)

译文:那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量,并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

难句类型:倒装、省略

解释:a本句的正常语序应当是:that sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语that sex ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句,如果按照以上语序,则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。

b在which引导的从句中,有两处省略:第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中, an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句,但是,因为descendants在从句中作have的宾语,所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略是在第二个the number of 之前,省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. and hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。

意群训练:that sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.

2. (this is )a desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

难句类型:复杂+倒装+省略;

译文:(这是一种)照亮现实的欲望,此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望,后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。

解释:本句子的难度在一切gre、gmat包括lsat考试中所出现的难句中堪称登峰造极,可以确定地讲,类似此句子的难度的语言,在计算机考试的现场绝无可能出现。如果对此句话不感兴趣,可以把其废掉不读。

a、这句话读起来别扭的第一个原因,是因为它根本就不是一个句子。句首省略了this is 。这种用一个词代替一个句子的方式如果在书面语中出现,只能出现在高级英语中,因此我们以前的英语学习中从未遇到过。其形式类似于我们中文的“精彩”是“这句话真是精彩”的省略形式。

b、desire后跟着两个大的修饰成分,一个是to throw over reality a light,其中的a light 是被倒装到了over reality之后,正常应是throw a light over reality.不过这个便装部分与throw距离不远,读者看得还算懂。关键是第二个修饰成分。注意:从that开始直到句尾结束的长长的定语从句不是修饰其前的light的,而是修饰一开始的desire的。

c、第二个修饰成分中又来了一个倒装,由于作者为了强调never,所以将其提前,引发了定语从句中的倒装:正常语序应该是that might never be given away,倒装后系动词was被提前,given因为在情态动词might之后所以变成了原型give。a give way to b,是a让位于b,而a be given way to b, 则是a取代b。on the part of 之后的部分修饰后面的desire,what引导的从句现场阅读时可以看成一个名词。what从句中的不定式to recored exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower中又有一个避免头重脚轻的倒装,正常语序应该是to recored the structure and texture of a flower exactly and concretely。

d、就算能够看懂这句话的结构,可能仍然理解不了意思。本句的意思是,哈代(注:人名老的冲动是一种简单的、说明现实的欲望,新冲动是一种即是小说家又像科学家的仔细研究一个东西的特点那样的欲望(新冲动),前一种欲望是永远也不能取代后者的。

意群训练:(this is )a desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

3. hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. (3)

难句类型:复杂修饰、省略、抽象词

译文:哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能,无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。

解释:介词from的宾语有两个并列的部分,由and所连接,在and之后的第二个from前,省略了前面一样的谓语动词derive。本句之所以难,有两个原因,一是derived from 后面的成分太长,初学者难以一下子看下来;二是作为一篇文科文章,用词抽象,难以迅速理解。

意群训练:hardy's weakenss derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energyetic and risky ones.

篇3:考研英语长难句例子

英语长句的特点

英语长句一样平常指的是种种庞大句,庞大句里大概有多个从句,从句与从句之间的干系大概包罗、嵌套,也大概并列,平行。从成果来说,英语有三大复合句,即:

①名词性从句,包罗主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句,即我们通常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。

一样平常说来,英语长句有如下几个特点:

1)布局庞大,逻辑层次多;

2)常须根据上下文作词义的引申;

3)常须根据上下文对指代词的指代干系做出果断;

4)并列因素多;

5)修饰语多,特别是后置定语很长;

6)风俗搭配和针言每每出现。

真题链接1

Manyof life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends orcolleagues are beyond the capacity of the extended family to resolve.(1995text)

要想理解句子的含义必须缕清句式,抓主干,去枝叶。那在捋顺的这个过程中,划分意群就显得特别重要。本句话Manyof life’s problems是主语部分,后面出现which从句到那结束呢?如果没有and等连词出现的情况下,第二个动词即为主句的谓语动词,所以are是主干的谓语动词,are后面是beyond引导的介宾短语部分。那回头看一下which引导的是什么从句,经分析which指代前面problems,所以,为定语从句。这样结构就照清楚了。接下来就可以直接翻译为:许多过去曾经可以通过询问家庭成员,朋友和同事可以解决的生活问题,现在已经超出了大家庭可以解决的范围。(大家一定要切记汉语没有时态,但是英语是有时态的,所以,翻译过程中一定要把握到位)

真题链接2

But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the right way togo since well developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be thedifference between having a job or not.( text3)

划分句子时,要注意几大标志,如连词,介宾短语,标点符号,非谓语动词等等,这些因素都可以有效的帮助我们划分句子。For后加名词短语构成介宾短语,所以后 professional training为主干主语,mightbe为主句谓语动词部分,way为表语。到此,主句已经画出来了。Since引导原因状语从句,since句中两逗号之间all other factors being equal是独立主格为插入语。此句就可以翻译为:对于一部分同学来说,职业训练可能是一条正确之路,因为在其他条件相同的情况下,拥有良好的职业技能对于找工作来讲是截然不同的。

真题链接3

Thesituation may all change in , when Kenya will be slightly too rich toqualify for the “least-developed country” status that allows African producersto avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products.

这句话理解起来还是有难度的,首先,我们依然划分句子结构。开篇即为主系表结构,in 2008 为时间状语。所以,到此,主句已经足够,判断后面when引导的句子为定语从句,且同样为主系表结构。That引导定语从句修饰先行词status,这样句子结构就缕清楚了。此句可释义为:这种情况在可能会改变,此时肯尼亚将稍稍富裕而不再具有最不发达国家的地位,此地位允许非洲的生产商对于指定的农产品可以避免支付昂贵的欧洲进口关税。

篇4:GRE阅读长难句翻译

GRE阅读长难句翻译整理

1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. (难度系数5,下同)

那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量,并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

2. (This is )A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .(5++)复杂+倒装+省略;(这是一种)照亮现实的欲望,此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望,后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。

3. Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. (3)

哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能,无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。

4. Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics,since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the “poetic” novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. (5)

弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫(Virginia Woolf)在创作《黛洛维夫人》(Mrs. Dalloway)时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述,迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略,因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面,而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家(poetic novelist)所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家,所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态,并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。

5. As she put it in The Common Reader , “It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbing morality at every pore .”(5-)

就像她在《致普通读者》一书中所表达的那样,“尽管可以毫无疑问的说,没有任何法律被指定出来,也没有任何高楼大厦被建立起来是因为乔叟说了什么或者写了什么;然而,当我们读它的书的时候,我们身上每一个毛孔都充满了道德”。

6. With the conclusion of a burst activity , the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids , leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted , via oxidative metabolism , by the liver into glucose , which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glyc.en resynthesis .(4+)

随着爆发出来的运动的结束,再体液中乳酸含量会变得很高,使得大型动物处于容易受到攻击的状态,直到乳酸通过有氧新陈代谢,被肝脏转化成(convert into)葡萄糖,而葡萄糖接下来又会(部分)传送回肌肉中重新合成糖原 。

7. Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent,he shows that the slaves' preference,revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent,was very much for stable mon.amy. (3+)

虽然古特曼承认,由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁,但他还是证明,奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制(mon.amy)。

8. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore,music,and religious expression from one generation to another,a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. (4)

古特曼人令人信服地论辨道,黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去,因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用,而对于这种文化遗产,黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。

9. This preference for ex.amy,Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage,which,though they differed from one tribal group to another,all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. (3+)

古特曼表示,这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定,尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同,但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(union with close kin)的禁止。

10. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States,but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. (4+)

该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时,相对而言尚能适用,但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见,而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。

GRE阅读材料练习:旅馆卫生条件达标吗

The next time you check in…

下次你在办理入住手续的时候…

NO ONE likes to think about who was in their hotel room before them, let

alone what they got up to.

没人愿意想象在他们入住旅馆之前有人在里面待过,更不愿去想那些人在房间里干了些什么,

The best to hope for is that your lodgings are clean and hygienic.

如果房间干净卫生就谢天谢地了。

But are they? Researchers from the University of Houston have probed the

cleanliness of rooms, exposing the most—and least—filthy surfaces.

可是事实真的如此吗?休斯顿大学的研究者调查了客房的洁净度,揭露了那些最肮脏的地方。

After swabbing samples from hotel rooms in Indiana, Texas and South

Carolina, they found the TV remote control and the bedside-lamp switch were

among the most contaminated.

他们分别在印第安纳州、德克萨斯州和南卡莱罗纳州的旅馆客房提取了样品,然后发现其中的电视遥控器和床头灯开关是最脏的,

The toilet, bathroom sink and items from the housekeeper's carts also had

high levels of bacteria.

厕所、洗手池和保洁员手推车里的物品也是细菌量较高的地方,

Maids' mops and sponges were thought to pose the greatest threat as they

could cause cross-contamination between rooms.

研究人员认为的威胁来自保洁员的拖把和海绵,因为它们可能造成各房间的交叉污染,

Some of the cleanest surfaces included the bed headboard and the

bathroom-door handle.

而床头板和浴室门把手等地方是最干净的。

Katie Kirsch, an undergraduate who this week presented the results to the

general meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, cautioned that the

data were limited by a small sample size:

大学生Katie

Kirsch这周在美国微生物学会的全体大会上提交了研究结果,值得注意的是,他们只在每个州的三家旅馆进行了调查,样本太少所以数据有一定限制。

only three hotel rooms were tested in each state. Within each room the same

19 surfaces were tested for aerobic and coliform bacteria.

他们在每间房取19个相同的地方进行有氧大肠菌群测试,

No infectious diseases were tested for and the presence of bacteria is not

necessarily a health threat.

他们没有进行传染病测试,因为这里的细菌不大会引发健康威胁,

Indeed, humans have always lived with bacteria.

事实也确实如此,我们每天都和细菌生活在一起。

As a whole, Ms Kirsch thought hoteliers maintained a high level of

sanitation.

总的来说,Kirsch认为旅馆老板把环境卫生维持在一个较高的标准,

But the researchers, who included members of Purdue University and the

University of South Carolina, were concerned that there is no universal cleaning

process for hotels.

但是包括普渡大学和南卡莱罗纳大学在内的一些研究人员担心旅馆没有一个通用的保洁程序,

Standards are largely down to the beady eye of individual housekeepers.

卫生标准的高低很大程度上取决于个别管家的警觉性,

They suggested applying Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, a

preventive approach to reducing the risk of physical, chemical and biological

hazards.

所以他们建议采用“危害分析和关键环节控制点”这种预防方法来减少物理、化学和生物方面的威胁,

HACCP was drawn up by NASA, America's space agency, to ensure the safety of

food for astronauts.

HACCP由美国宇航局NASA起草,起初是用来确保航天员的食品安全,

Since then it has been adopted by a number of industries.

后来被各个行业广泛采用。

But is cleaning a hotel room really rocket science?

打扫旅馆房间是一件很复杂的事吗?

Good hotels value a reputation for cleanliness, and people can easily

discover online those that are filthy.

好旅馆会在整洁方面很重视自己的名声,并且人们很容易在网上发现那些较脏的旅馆。

Paranoia about cleanliness has already risen to the point that sterile

modern living can make people sick by weakening their immune systems.

一些重视清洁的偏执狂已经上升到打造无菌生活的层面,但这样会削弱他们的免疫系统使他们更容易生病,

The odd night in a roach motel might even do some people a bit of good.

所以在蟑螂出没的汽车旅馆度过一个不平凡的夜晚甚至可能对某些人更有益处。

篇5:gre阅读长难句如何攻克

gre阅读长难句如何攻克

新GRE阅读长难句例题

Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law---notwithstanding, of course, a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactment are concerned---that its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena。

新GRE考试阅读长难句解析

初步读完这句话我们发现这个句子的难句类型是:复杂修饰+插入语+抽象词,其中插入语是理解这个句子的关键。

(1)Islamic law (2)is a (3)phenomenon (4)so different from all other forms of law---notwithstanding, of course,(5)(it has) (6)a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them /(7)as far as subject matter and positive enactment are concerned/---(8)that its study is indispensable (9)in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena。

对句子标记后我们可以逐一分析各个成分:

Step1:找主谓

1. 不难发现整个句子的主语就是Islamic law,即伊斯兰法

2. is为整个句子的谓语

3. phenomenon作为整个句子的宾语

从1、2、3我们可以分析出:

1+2+3=句子的主干:伊斯兰的法律是一个法律现象:Islamic law is a phenomenon

Step2:分析句子中的插入语

4. 我们需要注意的是notwithstanding这个词,句子中的插入语之所以比较难懂的主要一个原因在于对notwithstanding的理解,notwithstanding作为介词,相当于in spite of(不管,不顾,尽管),这对于大多数考生来说是陌生的。

5. 这里加上省略的it has使得句子更加清楚易懂

6. 这一部分是对主语Islamic law的解释说明,即“伊斯兰法与其他的某些法律存在着大量的和必然的一致之处。

7. as far as表示“至于,就.。.而言”

8. 整句话中贯穿了so...that句型

9. in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena。这句话中包含一个倒装,正常语序的appreciate the full range of possible legal phenomena adequately中的副词adequately被提到appreciate的宾语之前。

Step3:对整句话有个大概的中文翻译的印象

译文:

伊斯兰法是一个与其他所有形式的法律都如此之不同的法律现象---尽管,当然,/从其涉及的内容和实际实施的角度来看/,伊斯兰法与其他的某些法律存在着大量的和必然的一致之处---以至于对于它的研究是不可缺少的,这样才能充分地理解所有可能的法律现象的全部范围。

新GRE阅读长难句结

从分析结果来看插入语的内容对理解文章基本没有什么作用,其实这句话中的插入语根本不用读,也可以根据插入语前后的内容猜出其意思:插入语前后的内容是伊斯兰法与其他法律不同,插入部分以notwithstanding开头,又有of course,可见插入部分一定是让步语气,因此可以对前后的内容取非,猜出插入部分一定是在说伊斯兰法与其他法律有相同之处。所以,如果遇到很长的插入语最好跳过,看懂前后的内容再回头来看插入语。

GRE阅读的固定思路

1.做题第一步是审题,看出题意。

首先记住,先文后题。道理很简单,你直接读题,根本读不懂。所以很重要的是搞明白两个问题,这个题目对应文章哪个层次?考的是观点还是例子?题型很重要,意义在于告诉你正确选项的特征的如何定位。

2.如何处理GRE文章

GRE阅读考试只有13-15分钟做题,文章不是用来读懂的,对待长难句最好的办法是考虑怎么不读,少读,而不是分析。

GRE阅读中学术文章特点就是规范,层次清晰,主题明确。

3.一定要读出思路

尤其是文章观点的数量,这个直接关系到主题题怎么出。要把每段的层次的连词标记出来,我们还要知道每个层次的主题词是什么,周围有没有否定词(改善题),有没有褒贬的词(态度题,应用题)。

4.例子可少读

至于例子,也可以考虑不读或者少读,因为GRE阅读重点考观点,例子是事实,事实记得越多,混淆信息越多,做题越慢,准确率越低。对于例子,只要记住位置就可以,题目考到再看,不考坚决不看。以观点记例子,以观点分层次,以观点分逻辑关系。

新GRE阅读向来是难度较大的,在做题时一定要掌握一些新GRE阅读方法,注意文章观念的数量,分清层次明确主题,掌握新GRE阅读中的长难句分析能力,并通过大量做题来将方法熟记于心。

GRE阅读和国外文化的关系

像那种长阅读,说的好像是什么impressionist(印象派)和modernist(现实主义)的东东。由于对这方面毫无了解,所以读这篇文章毫无感觉。我不是要大家去补习美国文化的知识,这工程量太大。

网上都说平时要多看什么economist什么的,试问有几个人会真正为了GRE去看?我的建议就是,大家可以抽一点时间,利用相关资料(比如 wikipedia),多去了解一下GRE社科类阅读爱考的知识。以往年经验来看,GRE社科类阅读非常喜欢考黑人文学Black literature,黑人音乐Black music(尤其是Jazz),妇女(包括妇女地位的改变,妇女文学),艺术类包括impressionist、modernist等。

另外,GRE考试阅读务必多留意一下上述知识的代表人物!比如Ragtime就是Jazz的代表人物及一种风格。并不是要求大家知道这个人物做了什么,只需要混个眼熟,考试的时候万一碰到一大串人名,能对其中一两个有点眼熟,能大概猜测出来是关于什么的就行!等到时候文章做得比较熟了,那时往往你自己也大概了解了社科类的阅读喜欢考哪些领域了。

GRE阅读文章内容以外国文化背景为主要的,所以大家在复习的时候尽量进行这类的GRE阅读文章,不要为了考试而考试,如果平时养成看英文报、英文期刊的习惯,到时候考试中的阅读题一定能拿高分。

篇6:GRE阅读长难句解答对策

初步读完这句话我们发现这个句子的难句类型是:复杂修饰+插入语+抽象词,其中插入语是理解这个句子的关键。

(1)Islamic law (2)is a (3)phenomenon (4)so different from all other forms of law---notwithstanding, of course,(5)(it has) (6)a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them /(7)as far as subject matter and positive enactment are concerned/---(8)that its study is indispensable (9)in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena。

对句子标记后我们可以逐一分析各个成分:

Step1:找主谓

1. 不难发现整个句子的主语就是Islamic law,即伊斯兰法

2. is为整个句子的谓语

3. phenomenon作为整个句子的宾语

从1、2、3我们可以分析出:

1+2+3=句子的主干:伊斯兰的法律是一个法律现象:Islamic law is a phenomenon

Step2:分析句子中的插入语

4. 我们需要注意的是notwithstanding这个词,句子中的插入语之所以比较难懂的主要一个原因在于对notwithstanding的理解,notwithstanding作为介词,相当于in spite of(不管,不顾,尽管),这对于大多数考生来说是陌生的。

5. 这里加上省略的it has使得句子更加清楚易懂

6. 这一部分是对主语Islamic law的解释说明,即“伊斯兰法与其他的某些法律存在着大量的和必然的一致之处。

7. as far as表示“至于,就.。.而言”

8. 整句话中贯穿了so...that句型

9. in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena。这句话中包含一个倒装,正常语序的appreciate the full range of possible legal phenomena adequately中的副词adequately被提到appreciate的宾语之前。

Step3:对整句话有个大概的中文翻译的印象

译文:

伊斯兰法是一个与其他所有形式的法律都如此之不同的法律现象---尽管,当然,/从其涉及的内容和实际实施的角度来看/,伊斯兰法与其他的某些法律存在着大量的和必然的一致之处---以至于对于它的研究是不可缺少的,这样才能充分地理解所有可能的法律现象的全部范围。

新GRE阅读长难句结

从分析结果来看插入语的内容对理解文章基本没有什么作用,其实这句话中的插入语根本不用读,也可以根据插入语前后的内容猜出其意思:插入语前后的内容是伊斯兰法与其他法律不同,插入部分以notwithstanding开头,又有of course,可见插入部分一定是让步语气,因此可以对前后的内容取非,猜出插入部分一定是在说伊斯兰法与其他法律有相同之处。所以,如果遇到很长的插入语最好跳过,看懂前后的内容再回头来看插入语。

GRE阅读:怎样培养习惯

要点一:在难巨资进行的GRE阅读和训练中,只以在大脑中反映出所读英文的意思(不是中文释意)为唯一目的。

a、意群训练:以几个相邻的表示同类意思的词为阅读的对象,而不是单个的单词。同时避免发声阅读,克服内心的声音和喉头与嘴唇的颤动,关键是:

要点二:眼睛在阅读材料上移动的速度要比自己在心中或喉头出生阅读的速度要快

b、不回视训练:保证第一遍阅读时的高度注意力,避免回视,关键是:

要点三:在阅读文章时,都要注意整句的回视现象,坚持一遍就都下来

c、合理化训练:根据文章中得上下文的逻辑推理,将不懂得地方进行合理推理。

要点四:凡遇到不懂得地方,就用合理化推理进行推理

d、速度与理解力的平衡点训练:

要点五:贵在坚持,不可半途而废。

其实,新GRE阅读备考绝非不可攻克,只要训练方法得当,并且能更每天半小时左右进行练习,GRE阅读完全可以在一个月甚至几周内被攻破。

GRE阅读:解析倒装句

在GRE阅读中,考生往往会因为倒装结构的不清晰导致无法理顺整个句子的结构与来龙去脉,所谓倒装也就是为了实现强调句子的某个成分对原有句子结构进行的语言顺序上的某些调整和变化。某些情况往往说话人也会为了某种修辞目的采用倒装结构,修辞目的的倒装结构以文学作品居多。通常在考试的情况下,试题命题人往往会出于某种迷惑考生的目的,有意将句子结构进行改写,在GRE阅读的很多文章中我们都可以发现这种情况。下面我们就结合几个典型的实例来对倒装结构进行分析常见倒装搭配的几种情况:

及物动词加介词:固定词组的固定搭配中,经常出现倒装情况。

例如:bring A to B,写作:Bring to B A例:Yet Walter’s argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.

翻译:然而,沃尔泽的论点,无论它不充分到何种地步,确实揭示了资本主义体制中最为严重的一个弱点,即它将某一类人置于社会中的显赫位置,这类人无论以怎样合法的手段获得了其物质报酬,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质。

如果从bring A to B的角度去分析这个句子,则这个句子应该将people who....or admiration写到it brings 后面,之所以原句子不这样做,则遵循了英语的句尾信息焦点原则,从而尾部信息成为一种受到强调的部位.根据这条原则,说话人要强调什么意思,便可以让他出现在句子的句尾,而传递的信息便主次分明了.句尾信息焦点和“尾重”原则就是采用这一原理.对比下面这两句话:

The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.

The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.

这两个句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顾,很快开始康复。但第一句的意义重心是immediately, 强调了康复的速度,而第二句的意义重心则在于“康复”而不强调“马上”。

另外上面的第一个例句中的倒装部分还考虑了一个因素,那就是使之读起来不至于让人产生头重脚轻的感觉,而“people who....or admiration”带有一个较长的定语从句,所以就放在了末尾,另外作者在本句中所强调的部分显然是“often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质”另外“no matter how......material rewards”为本句当中的一个插入语成分。

篇7:GRE阅读长难句重磅解析

1. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated,to pass through,they absorb some of the longer-wavelength,infrared emissions radiated from the Earth's surface,radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space. (4)

虽然这些分子允许可见波长(visible wavelength)的辐射——阳光的绝大部分能量就汇集于此——不受阻挡地穿透,但它们却会吸收某些较长波长(longer- wavelength),亦即从地球表面辐射出的红外发射(infrared emission),这种辐射若不是二氧化碳的缘故就会被重新输送回太空。

难句类型:复杂修饰、抽象词

解释:前面的分句中有一个不算很长的插入语,但是因为它插入的位置正好在固定搭配allow something to do somthing中间,将allow和to分得很远,所以读起来让人感觉很不舒服。

后面的分句中的最后一行radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space是其前面的infrared emissions的同位语。其中的otherwise是副词作状语,表示如果后面的分句所说的they absorb some of the longer-waverlength, infrared emissions不发生时的后果。

意群训练:Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared emissions radiated from the Earth's surface,radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.

2. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints—ways of feeling,thinking,and acting that “come naturally” in archetypal situations in any culture. (4)

这些人类学家所归诸于生物进化的作用,不是规定人类行为的种.种细节,而是将各种限制强加于人类——即在任何文化的典型情景中都会“自然表露”的情感、思维、以及行动方式。

难句类型:复杂修饰、省略

解释:尽管我们很熟悉the role of something的这种表达,但本句中the role of被作者胜利很活。首先,在role后面有一个省略了引导词that的定语从句(因为role在从句中作ascribe的宾语),这样就把role和系动词is隔得很远。其次,but前面的句子的主要结构The role is not of doing something其实是The role is not the role of doing something的省略形式,因为后面的the role与前面的完全重复,如果不把它省略掉,谁看到都要觉得啰嗦。因为同样的道理,but之后的one of imposing constraints实际上是is one role of imposing constraints的省略形式。

意群训练:The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints— ways of feeling, thinking,and acting that “come naturally” in archetypal situations in any culture.

篇8:GRE阅读长难句重磅解析

1. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved,the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view,namely,that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “common currency” throughout the nervous system. (4)

尽管在神经能量上存在着质的不同,这一点从来都没有在严格的意义上被反对过,但是以上教条通常被抛弃掉,而转向相反的观点,即:神经冲动从根本上本质相同,而且被当作“一种普通流”在整个神经系统中传播。

难句类型:复杂修饰、双重否定

解释:前半个分句中有一个双重否定,was never rigidly disproved,这种表示法用中文说出来还是比较好懂的,原因是我们熟悉中文的这种表示法,但在英文中出现,因为在以前的学习中见得少,所以感觉上很别扭。因此,同学们的任务,就是通过反复阅读此类句子来熟悉这样的英语。其实在英文表达中,很多双重否定与中文表达是一样的,表示肯定;如not unlimited就等于limited。但是值得读者注意的是在GRE和GMAT这两种对考生的逻辑有苛刻要求的考试中,如果这种双重否定中所涉及的概念不是dichotomous(即二分法的词汇,比如上面例子中的limited和unlimited),则双重否定不一定表示肯定;比如本例中的not disprove, 不能理解为agree, 不反对者中,的确有人会同意,但通常心存疑虑,随大流者居多。不但如此,大双重否定中加上限定词以后,在否定的范围上也有所变化,如本句的be never rigidly disproved,没有完全被反对,不能理解为从来都被严格支持的,而应该理解成从来都可能有人支持的。综上所述,对双重否定的句子,简单的把其置换为肯定,不是最精确的理解。而最好的办法,就是通过多读、多练来熟悉其语言表达及其逻辑方式,按照其字面的表达理解成没有完全否定,然后大脑中反应出其目前的生存状态是一个仍未消失的状态;这种理解才是在考试现场既快速又精确的理解。

运用前面所说的用合理化原则中的取非读法,可以很容易的读出作者在后半个分句中想说前面的那种观点被反对了。但是,初学者会对这个分句中的 something be abandoned in favor of something else这种语言表达感到突然,如果理解成因为喜后者而抛弃了前者,虽然也能说得通,但是其实原文从来没有这种因果关系,in favor of强调的是这两种动作的同时性;抛弃了前者,而转向后者,namely之后的内容是前面的opposing view的同位语。

意群训练:Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generallyabandoned in favor of the oppsing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “common currency” throught the nervous system.

2. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size,number,arrangement,and interconnection of the nerve cells,but as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned,the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. (4 -)

尽管其他实验显示在神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和相互连接上有一些小的差异,但是就心理-神经的关系而言,这些感官区域彼此之间的明显的相似性看起来比起微小的差异更为令人注目。

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语

解释:在前后两个分句之间有一个插入语as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned。在后面的分句中,主语the obvious similarities之后的、修饰主语的成分较长、以至于有很多读者看到相隔很远的more remarkable than时一下子反应不过来是什么比后者更明显。其简化形式应为:similarities seemed more remarkable than differences.

意群训练:Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fileds to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.

篇9:GRE阅读长难句重磅解析

1. However,as they gained cohesion,the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women's group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres,who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. (4-)

起初,蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人,将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则,随着她们获得的凝聚力,她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体,并拥有了一种妇女团结意识,而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存,因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。

难句类型:复杂修饰

解释:本句读到表示并列的连词and开始变难。and之后的不定式与前面的不定式是并列的,to的前面省略了一个与前面一样的谓语came. lacking之后的分词作定语修饰a sense of female solidarity其后的由who引导的定语从句又修饰逗号前面的salonnieres此从句中又有一个定语从句that each salonniere held in her own salon修饰其前的primacy,但是由于引导词that在从句中作宾语,因此被省略。

意群训练:However, as they gained cohesion, the Bluestocking came to regard themselves as a women's group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres, who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon.

2. As my own studies have advanced,I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem,at first glance,to constitute such an immense gulf between them. (5)

随着我的研究不断深入,我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻,而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠,虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、省略

解释:本句子的中间一段impressed with the functional similarites between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences容易令人看晕,其中的insect and vertebrate societies and less so with由两个and连接了三个部分,然而它们其实不是同一层次的并列,第一个and实际上是between insect societies and vertebrate societies的一部分,是并列的,而and之后的less so with其实是对于一个完整的表达方式I have been increasingly less impressed with的省略形式,去掉了与前面重复的成分。

后面修饰的structural differences的定语从句that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them中,又出现了一个别扭的插入语at first glance,把应该连在一起的seem to 粗暴地分开,令人不熟悉此类难句的人倍感不适。

意群训练:As my own studies have advanced, I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem, at first glance, to constiture such an immense gulf between them.

篇10:GRE阅读长难句重磅解析

1. Although some experiments show that,as an object becomes familiar,its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel,the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis,at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (4+)

虽然某些实验表明,随着一个物体变得熟悉起来,其内心再现图像亦更具整体感,辨认过程相应地更趋于平行,但证据的砝码似乎在支持序列假设(serial hypothesis),至少是对于那些不甚简单、不甚熟悉的物体来说。

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、省略

解释:在Although引导的分句中,谓语shows后面跟着一个长长的宾语从句,从句中先出现一个插入语as an object becomes familiar,之后的内容是由and 连接的两套并列的主谓宾。其实and前后就是两个句子,只不过作者省略了后面的句子中与前面相同的引导词that和谓语become.

句子中有一个生词holistic,其实即使不认识,也能用合理化原则猜出它是后面serial的反义词、parallel的同义词,大约是统一、完整或同时的意思;其实只要能理解到其是与serial相反的意思即可。

意群训练:Although some experiments show that,as an object becomes familiar,its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel,the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis,at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar.

2. In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement,historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. (3+)

在很大程度上,由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故,史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力,来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。 Focus A on B;

难句类型:倒装

解释:focus A on B指把A集中于B,本句中介词on的宾语determining/more accurately the status of women invarious periods中有一个小倒装,正常语序应该是determining the status of women in various periods more accurately.

意群训练:In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods.

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