这里给大家分享一些【写作素材】托福写作中的常用谚语总结，本文共11篇，供大家参考。本文原稿由网友“砍死你”提供。
篇1：【写作素材】托福写作中的常用谚语总结
To improve my performance after giving a presentation, it is best to review a recording of it by myself. This process lets me observe all aspects of the presentation, evaluate changes at my own pace, and avoid being defensive.
First, a video recording gives significantly more information than just relying on comments made by colleagues or classmates. I can analyze and improve on even small points that others may not have noticed or found worth mentioning. For example, a couple years ago, I gave a presentation that I had extensively prepared for. It had strong organization and flow. Classmates raved about the content, but mentioned that I looked scared. I was confused, because I had felt confident. However, I noticed in the video later that I was continually fingering my notes. For my next presentation, I placed the notes within view but did not hold them, rendering my appearance more professional.
Another reason I prefer watching a recording is my pace of learning. I can focus on the points I want to redo, replaying the material as often as I want, confirming even tiny details. In fact, I can even take long breaks to think about what I see or to try out alternate delivery styles. I do not have to inconvenience my friends by asking them for feedback or taking up their time. If others are involved in the evaluation process, I feel much more rushed because I do not want to bother people who have agreed to help me.
Finally, reviewing a recording by myself eliminates a serious problem that hinders progress: my pride. I do not like to admit it, but I often get defensive about feedback and want to explain why certain things happened. I feel resentful about negative comments rather than see them as stepping stones towards improvement. It is a natural tendency, but it definitely hinders my ability to assimilate outside feedback. Furthermore, friends try to be polite, so they may not mention minorpoints that I might have improved because they don’t want to seem too critical. Emotions get in the way of a thorough critique.
To improve my future performance, I find it best to review videos of my presentations by myself. I can evaluate all aspects of the presentation, take as much time as I need, and avoid the inevitable problem of emotional involvement swaying the critique.
at my own pace 按照自己的步伐走
rave about the content 对内容赞不绝口
place the notes within view 把笔记放在眼前,把笔记放在视线范围内
inconvenience my friends 麻烦我的朋友
take up their time 占用他们的时间
see them as stepping stones towards improvement 把它们看作是迈向进步的垫脚石
get in the way 妨碍,阻碍
篇2：【写作素材】托福写作中的常用谚语总结
It is essential to get the feedback of people in the audience to learn about mistakes and improve on a presentation. Spectator critiques help identify the big picture and reveal points that you can’tsee in an honest, unbiased way.
No matter how impartial you want to be, a self-evaluation is biased. It incorporates points that are not relevant to the performance you gave. For example, you may think you did excellent given your limited practice time or great amount of stress, but your audience is unaware of these factors. The viewers only evaluate what they see, which is a far more accurate measure of a presentation. A self-evaluation may also ignore issues that were “just accidents.” However, such points may reallybe important detractors that need to be addressed.
People in the audience also provide insight into the big picture. They only have time to note specific glaring details or outstanding highlights. Otherwise, their feedback gives you the overallimpression of the performance, which is something intangible and essential to the presentation’ssuccess. If you compare the feedback of several observers, you can isolate the main patterns. As a result, you can understand the most important parts that need changed. If you only refer to a video on your own, you may get caught up changing minor details rather than addressing the key elements that are needed to alter the overall flow or lasting effect.
Finally, classmates or colleagues may identify things you take for granted such as mannerisms, repeated words, or even problems with visual aids. One example is a teacher who gave a presentation using an old slide projector that kept jamming. The teacher apologized when that happened and kept going with the lecture. He had no idea how distracting it was, to the point that students remembered joking about which slide would get stuck next better than they remembered the content. The teacher, however, was so used to fixing the projector that he barely noticed it. The feedback showed him the value of replacing his visual aids with newer equipment, an issue he had never considered was important.
Since an audience gives you honest evaluations of the overall impression of a presentation and identifies points you may not see on your own, it is important to get feedback from people in the audience in order to improve your presentations.
spectator critiques 旁观者的评论
in an honest, unbiased way 以诚实、公正的方式
a far more accurate measure of a presentation 对报告或展示一种更为准确的评价
provide insight into the big picture 洞察全局
glaring details 明显的细节
outstanding highlights 突出的亮点
visual aids 视觉辅助
篇3：【写作素材】托福写作中的常用谚语
It is essential to get the feedback of people in the audience to learn about mistakes and improve on a presentation. Spectator critiques help identify the big picture and reveal points that you can’tsee in an honest, unbiased way.
No matter how impartial you want to be, a self-evaluation is biased. It incorporates points that are not relevant to the performance you gave. For example, you may think you did excellent given your limited practice time or great amount of stress, but your audience is unaware of these factors. The viewers only evaluate what they see, which is a far more accurate measure of a presentation. A self-evaluation may also ignore issues that were “just accidents.” However, such points may reallybe important detractors that need to be addressed.
People in the audience also provide insight into the big picture. They only have time to note specific glaring details or outstanding highlights. Otherwise, their feedback gives you the overallimpression of the performance, which is something intangible and essential to the presentation’ssuccess. If you compare the feedback of several observers, you can isolate the main patterns. As a result, you can understand the most important parts that need changed. If you only refer to a video on your own, you may get caught up changing minor details rather than addressing the key elements that are needed to alter the overall flow or lasting effect.
Finally, classmates or colleagues may identify things you take for granted such as mannerisms, repeated words, or even problems with visual aids. One example is a teacher who gave a presentation using an old slide projector that kept jamming. The teacher apologized when that happened and kept going with the lecture. He had no idea how distracting it was, to the point that students remembered joking about which slide would get stuck next better than they remembered the content. The teacher, however, was so used to fixing the projector that he barely noticed it. The feedback showed him the value of replacing his visual aids with newer equipment, an issue he had never considered was important.
Since an audience gives you honest evaluations of the overall impression of a presentation and identifies points you may not see on your own, it is important to get feedback from people in the audience in order to improve your presentations.
spectator critiques 旁观者的评论
in an honest, unbiased way 以诚实、公正的方式
a far more accurate measure of a presentation 对报告或展示一种更为准确的评价
provide insight into the big picture 洞察全局
glaring details 明显的细节
outstanding highlights 突出的亮点
visual aids 视觉辅助
【写作素材】托福写作中的常用谚语总结
篇4：托福写作中是否要用谚语
英语中的谚语叫做proverb。这些谚语大多带有明显的文化特点和印记，因此用到托福写作中可以有效提升文章的表达深度以及论述的说服力。不过想要做到这一点，大家在选择和使用谚语时需要注意这几点：
1. 文化差异不可忽视
想要在托福写作中用好谚语，考生会面对的主要障碍之一就是中西方的文化差异问题。谚语本身就是不同文化的缩影，里面可能带有许多典故历史类的内容，考生如果没有充分理解这些谚语中的深层信息，在使用上就难免会出现张冠李戴或是牛头不对马嘴的情况，特别是那些想要把中文里的谚语直接翻译强行转化成英语谚语的做法，基本上都只会贻笑大方。
2. 搞清谚语的使用语境
其次，想要用好谚语，光是准确理解了其含义还是不够的，考生还需要了解谚语适合放入的语言环境才行。比如在文章段落中的摆放位置就是一例。有些谚语适合放在段落开头作为引言来使用，先写出来之后可以方便大家展开具体论述，而有些谚语则更适合作为段落甚至文章的收尾句子来使用，这其中的差别考生也需要有所了解才行。这方面小编建议大家多看文章做积累，或者在收集谚语类素材的时候注意一下它们在原文中的使用环境，以避免用错位置徒增尴尬。
篇5：托福写作中是否要用谚语
了解了谚语在托福写作中使用的注意事项后，下面小编来和大家分享一些经过精心整理，适合在托福写作的各类常见话题中使用的谚语，缺乏素材积累的同学可以来学习一下：
practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧
patience is the road to understanding. 理解万岁
all roads lead to rome. 条条大路通罗马
attitudes define everything. 态度决定一切
every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊
one’s meat is another’s poison. 己所不欲，勿施于人
上面这些谚语虽然数量不多，但基本上托福独立写作中的各类话题都是可以派的上用处的，考生如何能够在写文章的时候合理插入，相信也能有效提升文章的表现力，得到评分老师更好的评价。
托福考试写作省时方法
托福写作第一步：审题、确定托福立场、列出理由(只需要在草稿纸上用英文单词或汉语列出各个理由，防止遗忘)，最少3分钟最多5分钟。要避免两个极端：
a. 用时太少，理由没有想清楚就开始写，不仅造成文章逻辑结构不清，还会引起行文中频繁的修正，欲速则不达;
b. 用时太多，不要追求一次思考就能把每一条理由及相关例证都想出来。其实想出两条之后就可以动笔，各个理由的例证可以写到该段时边思考边写。这一点你不必怀疑，只要你的思维还是正常的，一定能做到。
托福写作第二步：托福正文写作最少22分钟最多26分钟：
a.各段写作时，注意对段落的不同部分给予不同的重视。主题句给予最大重视，注意炼句，别说你不想写主题句，主题句可以使读者和笔者本人更清晰该段落写什么。各段中支持性细节写作不必遵循相同的模式。
有n种选择可供参考：1.举具体事例;2.说对方相对缺点;3.使用数据;4.使用假想例子;5.使用类比、比喻、引用等修辞手段来论述。哪一种你最容易想出来，就用哪一种。
b.考前将文章开头、结尾、例证、让步等各种句型背熟练，并且练习和模考时把他们用熟，要象做完型填空一样对待考场作文。别试图在考场上再去临时决定比如哪种开头好，怎样结尾好。使用自己选种的套话。
c.当被告知还有5分钟结束时，一般你应该已经写到最后一条理由，或者已经在做结尾。要确保文章有结尾段(不排除将它和最后一条理由的末段结合在一起的可能性)。
托福写作第三步：检查需要1-3分钟，有侧重点地检查：
a.句法：确保每句话是完整的，有谓语，且简单句只有一个谓语。
b.时态：文章绝大部分使用的是一般现在时;一般现在时第三人称要使用单数;使用过去发生的事例时用的是过去时;
c.主谓一致按此三步，持续练习5篇以上，可以确保时间问题。
如何在30分钟行文的整个过程中保持书面整洁：
A、TWE要求必须用铅笔写作文，你要自己准备好铅笔和橡皮。橡皮要有韧性，太硬会擦破纸，有错误要擦干净再改;
B、第一遍写作时要求字迹不要太大也不要太小，通常一行写10-12个左右单词为宜。如果书法不好，可以在考前练习写一下斜体的26个字母。
托福写作分类话题词汇：教育篇
Education
assignment, homework 任务，家庭作业
required/compulsory courses, elective courses 必修课程;选修课程
children and youth/adolescent 青少年
adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth. 适应
segregate students 区分对待学生
team spirit 团队精神
think independently 独立思考
students' feedback/input, 学生的反馈
students appraise/evaluate their teachers' performance学生对老师的评价
generalist, specialist, well-rounded/versatile 通才;专才;多才多艺的人
humanities, social science, arts, science and engineering, basic science, applied science 人文;社科;艺术;科技;基础科 学; 应用科学
self-discipline 自制，自我约束
interact, participation/involvement 交互;参与
schooling, parenting, vocational education, curriculum 上学;父母教育;职业教育;课程
be proficient in, well-acquainted with, role-model, perform well in 在…..方面很在行
peer pressure, overprotective, frustration 同辈压力;过度保护;崩溃
thought-provoking, enlightening, inspiring 激发思考的;启迪的，激发的
cultivate/foster/nurture 培养，养成
refreshing, uplifting, motivating 振奋人心的
juvenile delinquency/youth crime, bully, truancy 青少年犯罪;欺凌;逃学
impart/inculcate knowledge 传授知识
instill high moral values 灌输高尚的道德观
employable/marketable skills 就业技能
force-feed the students 填鸭教育学生
memorize for memorization's own sake 为了记忆而记忆
memorize equations, formulas, theorems and laws 背诵公式理论和定理
follow sth. blindly/follow sth. indiscriminately 盲目跟从;不加区分地跟从
extinguish/stifle/constrain creativity 限制、扼杀创造力
dampen/sap the students' enthusiasm 打击学生热情
adverse circumstances/adversity 逆境
托福写作分类话题词汇：家庭篇
Family
elderly people 老年人
family bonds 家庭纽带
family values 家庭价值
strengthen/reinforce 加强
sibling 兄弟姐妹
cousin 表亲
personality clash 性格冲突
household appliances 家用设备(电器等)
generation gap 代沟
neighborhood 邻居
blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水
a sense of belonging 归属感
an attachment to sth. 对某事的执着和喜爱
single-parent households 单亲家庭
domestic violence 家庭暴力
harmony 和谐
篇6：托福写作素材
科技传媒类话题
广告:
正面影响 A. For customers, advertising plays an imperative part in making them aware of the worth of the product or service.
B. For business, advertising facilitates manufacturers in creating product awareness among the public.
C. Apart from commercial advertising, public service advertisement plays a vital and irreplaceable role in our society.
负面影响 A. Advertisements create stereotyped aesthetic and behavioral models that may influence people’s values early in their lives.
B. Too many advertisements are seen on TV screens and in newspapers or magazines.
C. Advertising has an overall adverse impact on children and young people. For example, children or young people often misunderstand advertising which in turn can lead to inappropriate behavior.
传媒类
Times have not become more violent. They have just become more televised.
--Marilyn Manson
The Internet is like alcohol in some sense. It accentuates what you would do anyway. If you want to be a loner, you can be more alone. If you want to connect, it makes it easier to connect.
censorship
fraud
Do you think all the news is true?
Not all the news is true. Broadsheet newspapers sometimes dig for information and twist its importance for political purposes. And news in tabloids is more sensational and contains more half-truth and biased opinions. The problem is that people everywhere confuse what they read in newspapers with news.
广告
Advertising is the modern substitute for argument; its function is to make the worse appear the better.
Many a small thing has been made large by the right kind of advertising.
Advertising is a valuable economic factor because it is the cheapest way of selling goods, particularly if the goods are worthless.
篇7：托福写作素材
环境话题: 政府职责(所有政府类题目通吃) A. Public enthusiasm for improving the environment often lacks necessary expertise and funding that only comes from the more established, well-funded government organizations dedicated to the work.
B. Governments can promote public transport usage, use cleaner burning and renewable energy, encourage recycling by example and through active enforcement, watch hazardous substance discharges, and prevent developments that cause water contamination and soil erosion.
C. Governments and big enterprises are responsible for most of the environmental problems and therefore should take the lead in resolving these issues.
个人职责: A. The public has the biggest stake in environmental protection and is, therefore, the biggest driving force behind environment undertakings. Local communities, non-governmental protection bodies, as well as every single citizen all need to do their part.
B. While important policy decisions are needed at the national level, there are many things that everybody can do and should do, to reduce waste as well as their individual and household impact on the environment.
C. Public involvement could provide an indispensable supplement to scarce government resources and serve to supervise government agencies as well.
篇8：托福写作素材
学一科还是学很多科
Leonardo da Vinci is best remembered as the painter of the Mona Lisa (1503-1506) and The Last Supper (1495). But he's almost equally famous for his astonishing multiplicity of talents: he dabbled in architecture, sculpture, engineering, geology, hydraulics and the military arts, all with success, and in his spare time doodled parachutes and flying machines that resembled inventions of the 19th and 20th centuries. He made detailed drawings of human anatomy which are still highly regarded today. Leonardo also was quirky enough to write notebook entries in mirror (backwards) script, a trick which kept many of his observations from being widely known until decades after his death.
学一科还是学多科 generalist
Professionals and specialists have always found knowledge of other disciplines helpful and inspiring.
If students are allowed to enroll only in the courses that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields, the blockades between disciplines will not only hamper discoveries at the boundaries, but also preclude infusion of fresh ideas and inspiration.
With a broader knowledge base, students can choose disciplines of concentration, complexity, and profundity according to their interest. As a saying goes, interest is the best teacher. You cannot account on one to succeed in a field in which he is not interested in and the scarcity of the interest can lead to a disappearance of creativity too.
interest
experience
idea
学文科还是理科?
Music and art are very mathematical. In the early 1400s, Leon Battista Alberti suggested painting be considered a liberal Art with a scientific basis. In De Pictura he exposed optical perspective as a geometrical technique which could be applied by artists to their work.
书本知识
读书类
You can cover a great deal of country in books.
Life-transforming ideas have always come to me through books.
Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors, and the most patient of teachers.
书籍是我们最为沉浸而永恒的朋友;是最易接近和才华横溢的顾问;是最为耐心的良师。
经验的重要性:
Work and experience create and broaden our knowledge. It is of value to test the veracity of the indirect book knowledge by applying it to reality. Sir Isaac Newton, applied mathematics to his personal experience, resulting the discovery of kinetic theory. Nicholus Copernicus, through extensive observation and existing scientific analysis, calculated the earth and other planets’ orbit around the sun. Such knowledge is now easily assessable in textbooks, but would require decades of work on our own to research and understand that phenomenon.
Books are valuable when knowledge is beyond the scope of our experiences. Perhaps the most obvious examples are those fluent writers. They write various stories, the scopes of which are far beyond any individual's experiences. Take Joyce Carol Oates for example, her productivity has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays and literary criticism. Although some of them appear to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day.
学习方式：
兴趣的重要性
哥伦布 Christopher Columbus As a child, he helped his father as a weaver. He always liked the sea. Genoa was an important seaport. There is no doubt that as a child he caught rides on ships. He had little schooling but was a genius with the sea. His plan was not to prove that the world was flat, but it was to find a shortcut to the Spice Islands. He wanted to establish a city there for trade, seaports, and much more. When he grew into a man he was interested in sailing to Asia by going west.
篇9：托福写作素材
旅游
Travel is more than the seeing of sights; it is a change that goes on, deep and permanent, in the ideas of living.
艺术
Art is the desire of a man to express himself, to record the reactions of his personality to the world he lives in.
Art is the collaboration between God and the artist, and the less the artist does the better.
Art is born of the observation and investigation of nature.
Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up.
摄影
Photography, fortunately, to me has not only been a profession by also a contact between people – to understand human nature and record, if possible, the best in each individual.
音乐
Music has charms to soothe the savage beasts, to soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak.
音乐的魅力能感化凶残，软化岩石，还能柔化多节的橡树。
My heart, which is so full to overflowing, has often been solaced and refreshed by when sick and weary.
我无比充实的心灵总是能在它悲伤和疲倦的时候因为音乐而重获快乐和活力。
I think I should have no other mortal wants, if I could always have plenty of music. It seems to infuse strength into my limbs and ideas into my brain. Life seems to go on without effort, when I am filled with music.
Develop interest in life as you see it; in people, things, literature, music – the world is so rich, simply throbbing with rich treasures, beautiful souls and interesting people.
Fashion
A fashion is nothing but an induced epidemic.
Fashion is a form of ugliness so intolerable that we have to alter it every six months.
休息
Leisure hours are of great importance for people. Living under stress for a long time is harmful to health, causing symptoms such as ulcer and high blood pressure. If a man insisted always on being serious, he would go mad or become unstable without knowing it. The secrets of energy lie in the art of having leisure.
篇10：托福写作素材
在看金刚狼，爱乐之城blah blah的时候，你还需要…
嗯，还需要准备些纸巾，因为这俩都挺好哭的。
还需要…
想想你的upcoming TOEFL exam, 毕竟托福写作考过这种题…
许多电影人make movies based on books. 有的人倾向于read the book before they watch the movie. Which one do you prefer?
很多同学看到这个话题的时候内心是有点崩溃的，因为他们的问题是
1. 哪些电影是小说改编的啊???
2. 哦想起了!好像豆瓣排名第一(还是第二?)的肖申克救赎是的，但是英文名是啥? Xiao Shen Ke De Jiu Shu???
We really don't want to get ourselves into this kind of situation, do we?
所以大家就趁着蹲个厕所的功夫来看一些改编自books的电影吧，shall we?
1. Beauty and the Beast美女与野兽
你们的女神屈臣氏小姐(Emma Watson)的这部美女与野兽要很快就要上映了，这个可以算是made based on books(fairy tales, actually:) 的电影吧?感觉是可以写进文章里的? 如果你要把这个电影用做你的例子，你会同意先看电影再看书还是先看书再看电影呢…BTW， 据说Emma Watson 接了这部戏就拒绝了La La Land的邀约……
2. Arrival 降临
这部降临也是改编自小说的呀!小说名字叫做Story of Your Life. IMDB评分8.1其实是很高的了，但是如果我要用这个电影来做例子的话，我肯定会支持I prefer to read the novel first, because currently the technology is not yet amazing enough to get the picture to measure up to our expectation. By the way, the physicist in my imagination is much more handsome. :
3. The Martian 火星救援
呆萌(Matt Damon) looks so cute in his spacesuit, doesn't he? Anyway 如果用这个例子的话我应该会支持先看电影吧…因为如果不是这个电影我可能对火星都没啥兴趣，not to mention to pick up a book about how to survive on Mars 了，哈哈~
4. Gone Girl 消失的爱人
提到呆萌怎么能不提提他的好基友Ben Affleck呢!两个有颜(至少曾经有颜，sad)又有才的好兄弟自从当时的Good Will Hunting就一直是大众津津乐道的couple。这部Gone Girl如果还没看的童鞋，一定要叫上男朋友或女朋友一起看啊!有助于增强感情。也是同名小说改编的哦。
5. The Revenant 荒野猎人
或者大家可以说说小李子(Leonardo DiCaprio)的这部荒野猎人?反正我是看了电影更不想看小说了，coz it's just too depressing… and some scenes make me feel nauseous…
好了，再更多你们就没耐心了，我知道。
所以今天就到这儿啦。
P.S.
1. 所有电影的简介都可以在imdb.com上去找。你该不会想要在百度找然后自己翻译吧…
2. 可能有同学想写中国电影?那你可以写个那些年我们一起追的女孩 You Are the Apple of My Eye 哈哈哈 这个国民度感觉是高的
3. 作为一名托福教师我想告诉大家的是，考前准备充分是最重要的事情。比如电影素材啊，政治人物啊啥的。别天天关注什么《惊!托福考试出现来最大变化!》这样的文章，很醉的。多来北京新东方强化班/精讲精练班上课才是正!经!事!
4. 暂时还没想到。下期见，么么哒~
托福写作素材：西方情人节的由来
西方情人节的来历
Annually on February 14, is a western and traditional saint tile D stanza, call the “ Valentine's Day” again.It has the long history.Ancient Rome
The herding absolute being stanza of the ages, is a festival of loverses.That day men and women youth can have a happy reunion a hall.Miss express love
Of wish the put in sign , the young man draws lots one by one in order, which misses take out arrive to wish the , that miss become his lover.
The Christianity rises, the church disagrees very much to the herding absolute being stanza customs.But suffer youth the person's acceptance of persons because of this festival,To still continue down.Till the 7 centry A.D., the church leader hope contacts this festival together the Christianity is together, hence he Use the Christianity baptism of blood the name of the tile D is this festival to assign name to afresh, and change from original on February 15 to February to the date On 14.
Christianity martyrology that browse the earlier period, can find out three baptism of blood for calling tile Ds, an among those is what 3 centry A.D.
Bishop.The at that time the emperor of Rome thinks that the married man doeses not wish to leave the house serves as soldier, ascended the battlefield even to also can't become a good soldier, Therefore announced a prohibition against conjugal ordinance tile D to this very worried, he disobey the aim idea of the emperor, in private for youth The person holds the wedding, therefore encountering the captivity, in 271 A.D.2 knifes die in the jail inside on 14.
Endless years that through several centuries, the nodal fete in D in in tile method took place not a few varieties.England in 16 centuries, tile Very unusual interesting in nodal customs in the D of .Along with the development of the New Continent, England immigrates again this a the stanza of the very full of and romantic color The day took North America, becoming one of the festival that American likes gradually.
In the United States, the youth that tile D stanza have been not only festival into.Close relatives friend's, in spite of age size, can be with each other
Send to the small gift to express affection, promote the comity.There is not a few stores in the United States sell this type of gift exclusively.Such as decorate heart form of high
Class chocolates a tulip for, or is red satin taking nosegay etc..As to every kind of contain lace, spread last the feeling of the perfumePerson's card, also all like that.
Certainly, the young talented person is a leading role that tile D stanza is real well-deserved.They act with due care and respect ground as on this day the lover chooses
Choose the gift, an in company with friend goes hiking:Or attend lover's dancing party organized by club form a pair.
Special interesting is, the young man of those mindses hand usually think that the square try to make into toward the tile D stanza of the miss courtship salute card
Refined handicraft product in in , have of imitate is if a fresh flowers for blooming that a beautiful butterfly, have:Still have of just like
Venus ratio with shoot arrow in the curved bow.The miss of those the feeling of ss is then according to the traditional custom, in the tile D stanza night before last laurel leaf
Put on the pillow, hope in a dream and together own lover meets.
Special fascinating are the nocturnal masquerade ball of Valentine's Dayses.This at several decade ago very popular.Attend the dancing party of into, each takes a lot of trouble a ground of disguises that attire the oneself, having basinet knight, the disguise that have spanish pirate, still the disguise that have eastern emperor.Intelligent dancing party host usually give each guest hair, a tile for taking lace D card, write the some personal name up, this individual become your the colleague of the tonight.Therefore on the dancing party, people can see then
The is lightly moving to dance with the ash miss;Hamlet together the card door talks to smile the breeze livings;The Arabian princess checks to manage together two a life times enter the dinner totally.
They masquerade so extraordinarily lifelike. make person feeling to imitate the was really a group of the ancientses to bring to life.
Tile D stanza be happiness festival that like this an alive with love with comity.
每年2月14日，是西方传统的圣瓦伦丁节，又称“情人节”。它具有悠久的历史。古罗马 时代的牧神节，就是一个情侣们的节日。是日男女青年可以欢聚一堂。
姑娘们把表达爱情 的祝辞放在签筒里，小伙子依次抽签，抽到哪位姑娘的祝辞，那位姑娘就成为他的恋人。 __兴起，教会对牧神节风俗很不以为然。但由于这个节日受到青年人的偏爱，所 以仍然延续了下来。到公元7世纪，教会领袖希望把这节日同__联系在一起，于是他 们用__殉教者瓦伦丁的名字为这个节日重新命名，并把日期由原来的2月15日改为2月 14日。翻阅早期__殉教史，可以找到三个叫瓦伦丁的殉教者，其中一个是公元3世纪的 主教。
当时罗马皇帝认为已婚男子都不愿离家当兵，即使上了战场也不会成为一个好兵， 因此发布了一道禁止结婚的法令瓦伦丁对此十分忧虑，他违背皇帝的旨意，秘密地为青年 人举行婚礼，因此遭到监禁，于公元271年2刀14日死于狱中.经过几世纪的漫长岁月，瓦伦丁节的庆祝方式发生了不少变化。
在16世纪的英国，瓦 伦丁节的风俗十分奇特有趣。随着新大陆的开发，英国移民又把这一极富有浪漫色彩的节 日带到了北美，逐渐成为美国人喜爱的节日之一。在美国，瓦伦丁节已不仅是青年入的节日。亲人朋友之间，不论年龄大小，都可以互 送小礼品以表达感情，增进友谊。美国有不少商店专门出售这类礼品。如装饰成心形的高 级巧克力糖盒，或者系着红缎带的郁金香花束等。至于各式各样饰有花边、洒上香水的情 人卡，更是比比皆是。 当然，年青人才是瓦伦丁节真正当之无愧的主角。他们在这一天郑重其事地为恋人选 择礼物，兴高采烈地伴同朋友去郊游：或者成双成对地去参加由俱乐部组织的情人舞会。 特别有趣的是，那些心灵手巧的小伙子常常想方设法把向姑娘求爱的瓦伦丁节问候卡制成 玲拢精制的工艺品，有的仿佛是一只美丽的蝴蝶，有的宛若一朵盛开的鲜花：还有的恰似 爱神丘比特正在弯弓射箭。
那些痴情的姑娘则按照传统习俗，在瓦伦丁节前夜把月桂树叶 放在枕头上，盼望着在梦中同自己的心上人相会。 特别引人入胜的是情人节之夜的化装舞会。这在几十年前就十分流行。参加舞会的入 ，个个煞费苦心地将自己装扮起来，有的化装成中世纪的骑士，有的化装成西班牙的海盗 ，还有的化装成东方的皇帝。聪明的舞会主人常常给每位客人发，个带花边的瓦伦丁卡片 ，上面写着某个人的名字，这个人就成为你今晚的伙伴。因此在舞会上，人们便可以看到罗密欧和灰姑娘翩翩起舞;哈姆雷特同卡门谈笑风生;阿拉伯公主同查理二世共进晚餐。 他们化装得那样维妙维肖.使人觉得仿佛真的是一群古人复活了。 瓦伦丁节就是这样一个充满爱情和友谊的欢乐节日.
篇11：托福写作素材
The qualities of a good supervisor are too numerous to name. It also depends on the situation. Supervisors who work in an academic situation may have different qualities from those who work in a business company. Generally speaking, however, all good supervisors must have the qualities of effective communication, fair treatment, and role models.
First, a good supervisor communicates well. A supervisor gives instructions and directions to his or her supervisees as to what work to do and how to do it. Then instructions and directions must be clearly communicated so that they can be followed. If they are not clearly formulated and explained, the supervisees may feel at a loss at why they have to do something and how to do it. (I know of somebody who gets angry easily when his employees fail to follow his instructions. However, he often gives vague instructions and is unwilling to clarify his requirements, which makes it difficult for his supervisees to follow his instructions.) Thus, a good supervisor is effective in communicating his or her instructions and is willing to clarify things for his or her supervisees.
Second, a good supervisor shows fair treatment of employees. The supervisor treats all his or her employees with equal respect and shows no favoritism. Otherwise, some employees may have a sense of unfairness and demonstrate performance less than ideal. Even though the supervisor may have or develop some personal feelings about or personal relationship with an employee, he or she does not let such feelings or relationship affect his or her judgment and treatment of the person. Instead, the supervisor evaluates each employee’s performance against the same set of criteria and rewards or punishes each employee on the basis of objective assessment.
Finally, a good supervisor sets an example for employees. In other words, a good supervisor sets the standards for his or her employees by his or her own behavior. Well goes an English proverb, “Example is better than percept.” A good supervisor must do what he or she requires the subordinates to do. For example, if the supervisor works hard, it is likely that his or her employees will work diligently as well. Likewise, if the supervisor always gets work done on time, the employees must feel pressured to finish work on time, too. Therefore, a good supervisor acts professionally if he or she expects the supervisees to act in a professional way.
In short, the main qualities of a good supervisor are effective communication, fair treatment, and role models. Most supervisors have effective communication skills but sometimes forget fair treatment of employees or fail to set an example for them. Good supervisors should check themselves, every once in a while, to make sure that they are practicing these qualities.
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