下面是小编整理的PETS一级完形填空的解题思路与解题技巧,本文共10篇,欢迎您阅读分享借鉴,希望对您有所帮助。本文原稿由网友“养猫的Max”提供。
篇1:PETS一级完形填空的解题思路与解题技巧
(一)命题思路
完形填空是pets一级笔试的第三部分“英语知识运用”的第二节。主要考查考生对篇章的语言成分的辨识和理解能力,这类题常考一些标志意义转折、顺承以及原因、结果、举例、顺序、总结等的副词和连词。该部分约占总分权重的10%,答题时间约为10 分钟。在题型设计上是提供一篇90-120词的短文,文中留有10处空白,每个空白提供三个备选答案。要求考生给每处空白选择最佳答案,使补足后的短文结构完整、逻辑合理、意思通顺、前后连贯。其中约6道考查语法结构,4道题考查单词和表达方式。
本节设计要求考生掌握英语语言的冗余性。冗余是指语言的口语和书面语中都包含着一些并不是十分必要的信息,但是它提供许多额外信息。因此虽然完形填空的短文中有多处空白,但是考生还是能够根据题干提供的信息大致理解文章的意思,根据上下文,结合基本语法和词汇知识,能够把文章补充完整。下面结合一个具体的例子来分析命题的思路和考点的分布。
【经典例题】
the population problem may be the 1 one of the world today. the world's population is growing 2 . two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people 3 the earth. four hundred years ago, the number was 4 500 million. but at the beginning of the 5 century, the world's population was about 1,700 million.in 1970, this number was 3,600 million. in 1990, the number was five billion. a 6 report says that the world population will 7 six billion by the end of the 20th century. this is just ten 8 after it 9 five billion. people say that by the year , 10 may be seven billion.
1.[a]great [b]greater [c]greatest
2.[a]faster and faster [b]fast and fast [c]fastest and fastest
3.[a]in [b]on [c]at
4.[a]nearly [b]more [c]over
5.[a]twenty [b]twelve [c]twentieth
6.[a]usa [b]un [c]prc
7.[a]past [b]pass [c]passed
8.[a]weeks [b]months [c]years
9.[a]get [b]gets [c]reached
10.[a]this [b]it [c]one
【正确答案】1.[c ] 2.[a ] 3.[b] 4.[c ] 5.[c] 6.[b ] 7.[b ] 8.[c ] 9.[c] 10.[b]
【名师精解】下面对各个小题的考点和解题策略做分析。
1,2题很明显是考查形容词的比较级和最高级,这类题目要求考生对使用比较级和最高级的情况(1)和一些包含比较级和最高级的习惯表达方式(2)有充分的理解和掌握;3题是考查介词on的用法,这就要求考生对前面所列的常用介词及其用法熟练掌握;4题是考查考生对常用副词的辨析,考生特别要注意的是那些词义相近的副词(以及与其词义相近的形容词);5题是对数量词的考查(本题是对序数词),同时也是对表示“××世纪”的习惯表达方式的考查,应该注意的是,对数量词的考查大多集中在一些常用的表达方式,如世纪,年代,时间等,考生要给予足够的重视;6题是对短文特别是上下文的理解,以及对英语常识(这里是对英语缩略词的意义)的考查,对英语常识,考生要注重积累。而上下文的理解对文完形填空是很重要的,完形填空与单项选择的最大区别就是对语境的理解要求更高,从这个意义上对短文的第一遍的快速阅读是不可省略的;7题是对动词,具体说是对pass词形的考查以及对情态动词后接动词原形这一基础知识点的考查。对于动词考生特别要注重对基础知识点的掌握,因为动词的知识点特别多,考生容易陷于对新知识点的掌握,而忽略基础知识点,实际上考试考查的重点还是基础知识点,考生不要“拣了芝麻,丢了西瓜”;8是考查考生也是对整个短文特别是上下文的理解;9题是对动词reach和get用法的辨析,这也是考查的重点;10题是对代词的考查,因为常用的代词数量不多,所以如果考生对每个代词都有较好的掌握,这类题还是容易拿分的。
从上面的分析可以看出:题目对各个语法方面(形容词,副词,介词,数量词,动词,代词等),上下文理解和习惯表达方式都有涉及,重点是动词(2道题),上下文理解(2道题)和习惯表达方式(2道题)。其实这种分析不是很科学,因为各个知识点都是有联系的,有时候甚至是重叠的。但做这种分析有助于考生对考试的要求、考查方式有充分了解,平时考生也可以针对自己做过的题目做些分析。
(二)解题技巧
完形填空更注重对篇章语境的考查,而并非单纯孤立的考查语法和词汇知识。做好完形填空的题目,考生日常要注意对段落和上下文的把握,要善于捕捉文中提供的信息。在单项填空中提到的几项解题方法同样适用于完形填空,考生应该在深刻领会的基础上综合运用各种解题方法。这里我们提出“三遍阅读法”解题,通过第一遍阅读快速浏览,根据不完整的句子掌握短文的大概意思,知道文章在讲一些什么事情,不需要纠缠细节的东西。因为时间上的限制,这遍阅读要快,在快速阅读中尽可能充分理解短文意思。第二遍就是分析选择,在第一遍的基础上,认真分析每一个空白,根据上下文,语法、词法等基本语言知识,给每空选出最佳答案。第二遍阅读要求考生尽可能仔细,认真分析短文的每一个细节。第三遍把做好选择代入文章进行通读,检查有没有遗漏或者错误。这一遍一般也要求要较快的完成,实际是对自己前两遍工作的一个复查验证。如果能够认真的完成上述三遍阅读,完形填空应该能够得到很好的成绩。有的考生在开始的时候觉得三遍特别费时间,拿到题目读了第一句就要做出选择,其实这是不好的做法,“欲速则不达”,没有第一遍阅读,不了解短文的大致意思,很难快速而高准确率的做出选择。
【经典例题1】
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的[a]、[b]、[c]三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
the big ben(英国大笨钟) is located in the tower in london. it is very famous 1 the world, but nobody knows why it is 2 big ben. there are two stories 3 this. some people say that it was named 4 benjamin caunt, a boxer. people called 5 big ben. but more people believe it was called after welshman, sir benjamin hall. he was in 6 of this work in 1859. a story was told that during a 7 in a meeting on what 8 the bell, sir benjamin was going to give his ideas an officer behind him shouted 9 , “let’s call it big ben!” from 10 on it was named big ben.
1. [a] throughout [b] over [c] at
2. [a] say [b]call [c]called
3. [a] of [b] for [c]about
4. [a] because [b] after [c] of
5. [a] they [b] it [c] him
6. [a] change [b] charge [c] believe
7. [a] discussion [b]decision [c] fighting
8. [a] calls [b] to call [c] is called
9. [a] quick [b] sudden [c] suddenly
10. [a] now [b] that [c] then
【正确答案】1.[a] 2.[c] 3.[c] 4.[b] 5.[c] 6.[b] 7.[a] 8.[b] 9.[c] 10.[c]
【名师精解】
通过第一遍的快速通读,我们大概了解这篇短文主要是讲英国大笨钟名称的由来。1的三个选项中,表示全世界文明应该用throughout the world. 这也是个习惯用法。2是对语态的考查,“被称为”要用被动语态,[a]、[b]语态都不对。关于命名有两个故事,因此3选about. 4是考查动词的习惯搭配,name after表示“以……命名”。故正确答案为after. 如果考生并没有掌握这个词组也能通过上下文选出正确答案,因为下一句就有同义词组call after. 5也是考查考生对上下文的把握,人们称benjamin caunt为big ben,因此指代benjamin caunt应该是him. 6考查习惯搭配,in charge of 表示负责,主持(工作)。7是说大家讨论、商量钟的命名问题,因此应该是discussion,decision的意思是决定,而fighting 表示争吵,意思都不妥当。8利用排除法很容易得出正确答案,[a]、[c]都比较容易排除,因为很明显时态不对,因此正确答案是[b]。通过分析我们知道,9处应该是个状语,做状语的一般词性为副词而不是形容词,因此正确答案为suddenly。10考查惯用词组,from then on 从那时起,from now on 表示从现在起,一般没有from that on 的说法。
篇2:公共英语PETS一级完形填空练习题
We've all had (Example:_0) work and do things that we di.d not enjoy. Usually, some people would tell us to be enthusiastic(热情的). “You'll have more fun,” they woUld
say. Well, they were partly 47. Being enthusiastic about something means being 48 about a given job.
49 , most men are not born great--they become greatl similarly, not everyone is the ent-thusiastic type that 50 in love with his work. But, do not lose 51 . There are ways to be-come more enthusiastic.
One good way is by reading about successful(成功的) people. It will help you realize(认识到) that you too can make it 52 . By reading about those real stories you will understand 53
people much like yourself have become successful. In 54 cases, they all have the same thing:enthusiasm.
If you want to be successful, you 55 be excited ――bout your work and your life.
O.A.to B.at C./
46. A. much
B. more
C. less
47. [A ] right
B. wrong
C. interesting
48. A. excite
B. exciting
C. excited
49. A. Even
B. However
C. So
50. A. falls
B. fall
C. falling
51. A . hearts
B .heart
C. your heart
52. A. happen
B. happens
C. to happen
53. A.it
B. them
C.that
54. A. that
B. any
C. most
55. A can
B. should
C. need
第二节完形填空
参考译文
我们都得去工作,去做一些我们并不喜欢的事情。通常,一些人都会告诉我们要热情些。他们会说“你会得到更多乐趣的。”是的。他们的话有一定的道理。对某件事情充满热情,意味着对特定工作感到兴奋。
然而,大多数人并不是天生优秀的,他们是逐渐变得优秀的。同样,并不是每个人都属于那种热爱工作的热情型。但是,不要灰心,总会有办法让你变得满怀激情的。
激发热情的一个好方法,就是阅读有关成功者的书籍。这会使你认识到你也可以使自己获得成功。通过阅读真实的成功事例,你会了解到与你相差无几的人也会成功。在大多数情况下,他们有着共同的特点:热情。如果你想获得成功的话,你应该对你的工作和生活满怀热情。
答案及解析
46.【答案】B
【考点】比较级的用法
【解析】原文的意思应该是变得更热情些,所以要用enthusiastic的比较级。
47.【答案】A
【考点】形容词
【解析】根据上下文语义可知,他们的话是有一定的道理的,所以选答案“right”。
48.【答案】C
【考点】形容词的用法
【解析】此处应用形容词作表语,excitin9意为“(物)令人兴奋的”,excited意为“(人)感到兴奋的”。
49.【答案】B
【考点】上下文逻辑关系
【解析】上下文表达的语义是转折关系,所以在这里要用表示转折关联词。
50.【答案】A
【考点】定语从句
【解析】这是一个定语从句,前面主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要与保持一致。fall in love with爱上,对…倾心。
51.【答案】B
【考点】固定搭配
【解析】lose heart灰心;lose one’S heart t0爱上…
52.【答案】A
【考点】固定搭配.
【解析】make后面要用动词原形作其宾语补足语,make sb.do sth.
53.【答案】C
【考点】宾语从句
【解析】空格所在的句子不缺少任何句子成分,故需要用宾语从一连接词that。
54.【答案】c
【考点】固定搭配
【解析】in most cases大多数情况下;in any case无论如何;in that假如那样的话。
55.【答案】B
【考点】情态动词
【解析】根据上下文,这里表达的意思不是“能够”的意思.need 的是need to do sth.或need doing sth.,只有should符合要求。
篇3:PETS一级完形填空训练题
PETS一级完形填空训练题
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A.、B.、C.三个选顼中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡l上将该项涂黑。
What is paper made ( Example: 0 ) ? When we 46 books or newspapers, we seldom stop and think about the things 47 to make them.48 paper our lives would be very different.Paper is one of 49 important inventions(发明)of all time.The people in Egypt(埃及)first used a kind of grass-like plant to 50 paper around five 51 years ago.3000 years later, a Chinese man created a new 52 of paper using pieces of old cloth. Then for sevrral hundred years, people 53 the world had been usingthis Chinese method to make paper. In 1838, a Canadian man invented a 54 method of paper-making usingwood. Today, most of the paper we use is made from 55
例:
0.A.from
B.in
C.of
答案:A.
46. A.look at
B.read
C.watch
47. A.be used
B.used
C.using
48. A.For
B. With
C.Without
49. A.the most
B.the better
C. the worst
50. A.write
B.do
C. make
51. A .thousands of
B.thousand
C.thousands
52. A.type
B.thing
C. one
53. A.all over
B.over
C. from
54. A. new
B.old
C.bad
55. A. cloth
B.grass
C. wood
篇4:pets一级完形填空模拟试题
pets一级完形填空模拟试题
Linda was a few minutes late. Wilson 16 the office when she got there. His secretary told her he 17 back in a few minutes. She 18 sit down and wait for a few minutes in outer office.
“Ill never get this job,” she 19 herself. For a moment she wanted to 20 the building. Just then, Wilson came 21 the door and hurried into his office. A few minutes 22 his secretary took Linda in and introduced her,
Linda apologized 23 . Wilson didnt seem to 24 .They chatted casually (随便地) for a few seconds and then 25 . He 26 her letter of application.
“Youve never worked in radio or television before, 27 ? ”he said. Now she was 28 that she would not get the job. Wilson asked her 29 questions.
30 he seemed impressed with her other qualifications(资格).She was 31 when he asked her if she could start soon. “I wonder if youd mind 32 next month?” he asked 33 .
34 seemed she had got the job 35 .
16. A. had left B. has left C. was left D. would be leaving
17. A. had been B. came C. was D. would be
18. A. should B. had to C. would D. was able to
19. A. told B. spoke C. said D. talked
20. A. run out B run of C. run out of D. run away
21. A. through B. across C. cross D. along
22. A. latest B. last C. late D. later
23. A. to being late B. for being late C. to be late D. for the late
24. A. mind B. listen C. notice D. hear
25. A. took down with business B. came down to business C. settled down with business D. got down to business
26. filled out B. took out C. sent out D. threw away
27. A. havent you B. do you C. have you D. dont you
28. A. even more sure B. much sure C. even sure of D. sure of
29. A. a few such B. a few more C. much a few D. more a few
30. A. As her surprise B. To her surprised C. For her surprised D. To her surprise
31. A. even more surprise B. even much surprise C. even more surprised D. even much surprised
32. A. starting B. to start C. start D. started
33. A. by a smile B. with a smile C. by smile D. with smile
34. A. It B. This C. That D. He
35. A. not at all B. after all C. all D. after that
参考答案:
ADBAC ADBAD BCABD CABAB
篇5:公共英语PETS一级完形填空复习题及答案
复习题一:
Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects.We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas.We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment.We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived years ago and obviously knew no better.But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were.The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.Let us not deceive ourselves.Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy.People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring.Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence.A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news.Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen.They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask.The answer is simple: they are uncivilized.For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally - admittedly with little success.But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past.Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be.Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world.Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly.These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law.The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence.If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind.We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.
1.It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is
A.not very high.
B.high.
C.contemptuous.
D.critical.
2.The main idea of this passage is
A.vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.
B.people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.
C.to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.
D.people are bloodthirsty in sports.
3.That the author mentions the old Romans is
A.To compare the old Romans with today’s people.
B.to give an example.
C.to show human beings in the past know nothing better.
D.to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.
4.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?
A.Three.
B.Five.
C.Six.
D.Seven.
5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is
A.that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.
B.that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.
C.that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.
D.to show law is the main instrument of social change.
Vocabulary
1.relish 从……获得乐处,享受
2.orgy 狂欢,放纵
3.arena 竞技场,活动或斗争的场所
4.blood-thirsty 残忍的,嗜血的
5.bear-baiting 逗熊游戏
6.bull-fight 斗牛
7.batter 猛击,连续地猛打/捶,乱打
8.pulp 成纸浆,成软块
9.burst into flames 突然燃烧起来/着火
10.grim 令人窒息的,简陋的
11.coop up 把……关起来
写作方法与文章大意
作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人“欣赏暴力体育”,前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例,最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤,法律才能施以巨大的文明影响,否则人类很难改变。
答案详解
1.A.不太高。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步,而其他方面进展很少。人们以轻蔑的口气谈及可怜的古罗马人,因为他们欣赏竞技场上的屠杀。我们轻视他们,因为他们把这些屠杀视为娱乐。我们可以降阶/屈尊地谅解他们,因为他们生活在前,显然,对好的东西不知道。在这里作者反问,我们的优越感是否正确呢?我们的嗜血性是不是少一些?为什么拳击比赛吸引那么许多人?在场的观赏者(观众)是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢?结论是:人类和过去一样残忍。唯一的不同点在于古罗马人很诚实,他们承认他们欣赏观看饥饿的狮子把人撕碎,活生生吃掉,而我们会找出各种精辟的理由来保卫早该制止的运动。第二段举出具体例子,如斗牛、拳击中把人打瘫在地、车赛中,车子碰撞起火,人们就坐在那里观看欣赏,参赛者是为了高报酬,观众付出大笔钱财是为了看到暴力。作者指出任何体育精神的说法纯粹是虚伪。如果一场打比赛(世界重量级冠军赛),两轮而不是十五轮就告结束,成千上百万人们会感到失望DD这些都证明人的卑下,不文明。这两段似乎也证明作者的观点应该是C项DD蔑视的。但在第三段谈及,好几个世纪以来,人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己,又得承认不怎么成功。可至少我们不再容忍疯人禁锢于笼中,当众鞭挞,以及其他许多过去普遍存在的野蛮行径。监狱也不再是过去那种令人窒息的禁锢之地,社会福利制度在全世界许多地方推行。在财富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。这些变化的出现不是因为人突然改善,而是在改变法律上采取了 积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目,那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。我们会认识暴力是人类的堕落和卑下(人类不应有的)。从这段来看,作者对人类还抱有希望,不是很蔑视。所以选A项。
2.A.法律应禁止堕落而又危险的体育项目。见第一题注释。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起,点出现代人也是嗜血成性,喜欢暴力体育项目。这是不文明,是堕落。必须制止,而法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具,它可应用,发挥强大的文明影响(第三段倒数第三句)
B.人们愿意支付巨大款项来观看暴力。这是作者说明“嗜血成性”的具体内容之一。
C.对比对危险体育项目不同的态度。这里没有对比。
D.人类嗜血成性。这是作者认为人们为什么欣赏危险残忍体育项目的根源。
3.D.人们在体育上习惯于“嗜血成性”,过去是,现在仍然是,不同点只是前者坦直承认,后者婉转掩饰。见第一题注释。
A.把古罗马人和现代人对比。这项没有说明对比什么。
B.给出一个例子。太抽象。
C.说明过去人类不太知道更美好的东西,这两项都没有到位。
4.B.5个。作者提到⑴逗熊游戏;⑵斗牛;⑶车赛;⑷拳击;⑸人狮斗。至于当众鞭挞和绞刑不能称作体育活动。
5.A.通过制止野蛮体育项目,我们能改善人类自身。这在第三段讲的最透彻,见第一题和第二题注释。
B.通过制止野蛮体育活动,我们能改善法律,不完全对。作者明确指出要用法律来禁止野蛮体育项目。
C.我们必须采取积极步骤来改善社会福利体制
D.去表明法律是社会变革的主要工具。
复习题二:
Meditation in Indonesian Business
It looked like a typical business meeting.Six men, neatly dressed in white shirts and ties filed into the boardroom of a small Jakarta company and sat down at a long table.But instead of consulting files or hearing reports, they closed their eyes and began to meditate, consulting the spirits of ancient Javanese kings.Mysticism touches almost every aspect of life in Indonesia and business is no exception.One of the meditators said his weekly meditation sessions are aimed mainly at bringing the peace of mind that makes for good decision-making.But the insight gained from mystic communication with spirits of wise kings has also helped boost the profits of his five companies.
Mysticism and profits have come together since the 13th century introduction of Islam to Indonesia by Indian Moslem merchants.Those devout traders, called ‘Wali Ullah’ or ‘those close to God, ’ energetically spread both trade and religion by adapting their appeals to the native mysticism of Java.Legends attribute magic power of foreknowledge to the Wali Ullah.These powers were believed to be gained through meditation and fasting.
Businessman Hadisiko said his group fasts and meditates all night every Thursday to become closer to God and to contact the spirits of the great men of the past.‘If we want to employ someone at the managerial level, we meditate together and often the message comes that this man can’t hole onto money or he is untrustworthy.Or maybe the spirits will tell us he should be hired.’ Hadiziko hastened to add that his companies also hold modern personnel management systems and that formal qualifications are essential for a candidate even to be considered.Perspective investments also are considered through mystic meditation.‘With the mind relaxed and open, it is easier to be objective in judging the risk of a new venture.Meditation and contact with the wisdom of the old leaders sharpens your own insight and intuition.Then you have to apply that intuition to the information you have and work hard to be successful.’ Mystic meditation helped reverse a business slide his companies experienced in the mid-1980.Operating with normal business procedures, he lost more than $ 3 millions in that year alone.Meditation brought back his peace of mind.Putting the right persons in the right jobs and gaining confidence in his business decisions were the keys to a turning around that has brought expansion and profitability.The mysticism in Handspike’s boardroom is part of a growing movement in Indonesia called Kebatinan - the ‘search for the inner self.’
One of his managers, Yusuf Soemado, who studied business administration at Harvard University, compared the idea of mystic management to western system of positive thinking.‘Willpower and subconscious mind are recognized as important factors in business.Such approaches as psycho-cybernetics, Carnegie’s think and growth rates, or the power of positive thinking are western attempts to tap the same higher intelligence that we contact through meditation,’ he said.
1.What is the most important factor in their doing business?
[A] Mysticism.
[B] Religion.
[C] Meditation.
[D] Investment.
2.Whom do they consult?
[A] The spirits of ancient Javanese kings.
[B] Wali Ullah.
[C] Old Kings.
[D] Carnegie.
3.Why did Hadisike hasten to add ‘his companies also hold modern personnel management systems…’?
[A] He thought Mysticism was not so good as expected.
[B] To show they too focused on qualifications.
[C] To show they hired qualified persons.
[D] To show the possibility of combination of the scientific management with religion.
4.According to the passage, the function of the meditation is
[A] to gain profit from the god.
[B] to gain peace of mind to make decision.
[C] to gain foreknowledge.
[D] to gain objective conclusion.
5.What does ‘operating with normal business procedures’ refer to?
[A] Adopting the western way of doing business.
[B] Ordinary way of doing business without meditation and fasting.
[C] Contact with God.
[D] Putting right persons in the right jobs.
Vocabulary
1.file into 鱼贯而入,排队进去
2.Jakarta 雅加达
3.meditate 沉思,冥想,反省
4.Java 爪哇
5.Javanese 爪哇的
6.mysticism 神秘主义
7.boost 促进,增加,提高
8.devout 虔诚的,热诚的
9.appeal (to) 向……呼吁,求助于,魅力
10.legend 传说,神话
11.fasting 禁食,斋戒
12.hold onto 抓紧,保住
13.personnel management system 人事管理制度
14.perspective investment 远景投资
15.venture (商业)投机,风险
16.sharpen 使……敏锐/尖锐,磨尖
17.business slide 买卖/企业滑坡,下滑
18.turn around (生意)好转,转变
19.subconscious 下意识的,潜意识的
20.cybernetics 控制论
21.Carnegie 卡耐基
22.tap 开拓,选择
难句译注
1.Mysticism touches almost every aspect of life in Indonesia and business is no exception.
「参考译文」在印尼神秘主义似乎涉及到印尼生活的各个方面,商业也不例外。
2.Those devout traders, called ‘Wali Ullah’ or ‘those close to God, ’ energetically spread both trade and religion by adapting their appeals to the native mysticism of Java.
「参考译文」这些虔诚的商人,叫做Wali Ullah,或者“接近主的人”,把他们的祈求呼吁跟爪哇当地的神秘主义相结合。他们通过这一途径积极热情地拓展商业买卖和宗教信仰。
3.Putting the right persons in the right jobs and gaining confidence in his business decisions were the keys to a turning around that has brought expansion and profitability.
「参考译文」恰当的工作岗位使用合适的人选,对企业决策具有信心使形式好转的关键。它给你带来拓展和利润。(或任人唯贤,指挥若定使扭亏增盈,大展宏图的关键。)
4.Search for the inner self.
「参考译文」探索内心的自我。
5.Such approaches as psychocybernetics, Carnegies think and growth rates, or the power of positive thinking are western attempts to tap the same higher intelligence that we contact through meditation.
「参考译文」类似心理控制论、卡耐基思想、增长率、或者积极思考能力等观点是西方开拓高智能的办法,而我们是通过沉思冥想来和高智能联系的。
写作方法与文章大意
这是一篇新闻报导,讲述印度尼西亚商人如何经营公司。主要采用一般到具体写作手法。一开始就点明他们以独特的方式DD不看文件,不听汇报,而是闭上眼睛沉思,向古代帝王的精灵请示来经营。这种神秘主义几乎涉及印尼生活的各个领域,商业也不例外。后面每段都围绕这一主题而写。第二段写来源。第三段,应用于商业方面的具体例子,第四段,和西方管理方法对比。
1.公共英语PETS一级完形填空练习题及答案
2.公共英语PETS一级完形填空练习题
3.公共英语一级阅读理解复习题及答案
4.公共英语pets一级模拟辅导习题
5.公共英语一级精准模拟题及答案
6.公共英语一级阅读理解测试试题及答案
7.公共英语一级考前复习试题及答案
8.公共英语一级阅读理解考试题及答案
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10.公共英语一级阅读理测试试题(附答案)
篇6:完形填空解题技巧
完形填空其实高考英语中比较容易的部分,但是很多学生却拿不到高分,究其原因,就是不知道完形填空该怎么答,下面就来看看这六种方法能不能帮你解开困惑呢?
1、充分利用首句信息
完形填空题首句往往不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。
2、多角度的逻辑推理
完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。
3、从上下文寻找线索
通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言,体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点,而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误,词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。
4、利用语法分析解题
对语法、词法等基础知识的考查也是完形填空题的命题角度之一。对于这种题,要针对地对语法结构、句式特点、对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成份、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考,从而迅速解决问题。比如,选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、主谓搭配以及其如何与其他词类使用等一系列问题。
5、习惯用法和词语辨析
对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态,不能随意变动。而在众多的习语当中,介词往往扮演最活跃的角色,其次是副词。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势,多为常用词、词组。
6、段落标志的利用
段落和段落之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,如:表示结果层次的段落标志firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示改变话题的有bytheway等;表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yet,now,later等。如果能充分利用这些段落标志语,就可以迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文的关系。
篇7:完形填空解题技巧
如果说上面的方法告诉大家从具体细节入手,那么下面的方法就从整体上去把握,完形填空题在高考题中综合性较强,查出学生的语言理解水平和对英语的驾驭能力。希望本方法对你有帮助。
1、快速浏览全文
首先要以很快的速度浏览全文,掌握文章的主旨,不要急于看选项。解答完形填空必须从全文角度出发,然后才是分散到单个句子,完形填空比较忌讳直接上手就做,没有通览全文,大致明白文章描述什么。当然,个别基础过硬的学生除外。
浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述关键点(解题关键:题目暗示点):人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what。完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空,目的是使读者进入语境,因此一定要认真阅读这句话。
2、研读首尾——抓主题
一般来说,很多文章会按照“总—分—总”的思路来写。首先提出主题,接着对主题进行分析、叙述,最后进行归纳、总结,得出结论或提出建议。因此,一般根据文章的首句及尾句就能抓住文章的主题。但是,主题句不总是在文章的开头,有时在文中,有时在文尾,因此,考生在做题时一方面要快速通读全文,另一方面应注意连接词,如but,however,yet,though,therefore,otherwise等,它们的前面一句或后面一句就有可能是主题句。
3、跳读首尾句进行预测
一般来说高考的英语完形填空时不会挖空的,所以建议学生在解题时可以跳读这两句,若首句交代了when, where, who, what,那么就是记叙文;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点,那么就是议论文。
首句往往是开宗明义,是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。
4、利用语法分析、固定搭配解题
1)利用语法分析解题
英语完形填空虽然是以语境填空为主,但是也有一部分的题目是考察语法项目的,对于这类题,考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词的使用范围,并利用句子的结构、句式的特点等知识来排除干扰选项。
2)利用固定搭配解题
英语完形填空中对于词汇的考察,主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析方面。习惯用法就是英语中某种固定的结构形态,是不可以随意改动的。所以考生平时应该掌握好习惯语法。
解答完形填空注意事项
除了解题方法之外,我们还应该知道解答完形填空的注意事项:
1、在做完形填空时,我们首先需要快速浏览文章,获取其大意。在浏览文章时,我们既要重视文中诸如连词、人名、时间之类的关键词,抽取重要的信息点,也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间,看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。
2、快速浏览完文章后,我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意。接下来,我们就要通读全文,把所给的四个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。
3、相对于前面两步,第三步往往不被考生注意。要记住,完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文,我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文,才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配,上下文是否自相矛盾,段落衔接是否顺畅。
篇8:完形填空解题技巧
完形填空解题技巧
1.充分利用首句信息
m解析完形填空题首句往往不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维,
2.多角度的逻辑推理
合肥卓越补习学校表示完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。
3.从上下文寻找线索
通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。合肥卓越补习学校参考近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的.语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言,体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点,而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误,词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。
4.利用语法分析解题
对语法、词法等基础知识的考查也是完形填空题的命题角度之一。对于这种题,合肥卓越补习学校建议要针对地对语法结构、句式特点、对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成份、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考,从而迅速解决问题。比如,选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、主谓搭配以及其如何与其他词类使用等一系列问题。
5.利用文化背景和生活常识解题
做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,合肥卓越补习学校提醒注意中西方文化方面存在的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章地选出正确的答案,
6.习惯用法和词语辨析
对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。合肥卓越补习学校解读习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态,不能随意变动。而在众多的习语当中,介词往往扮演最活跃的角色,其次是副词。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势,多为常用词、词组。
7.语篇标志的利用
语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,如:表示结果层次的语篇标志firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示改变话题的有bytheway等;表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yet,now,later等。如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语,就可以迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文的关系。
合肥卓越补习学校总结完形填空四句话口决:
把握全文明主线;
固定搭配记心间;
原词再现莫错过;
上下求索是关键。
篇9:PETS三级完形填空题型分类和解题步骤
完形填空中的各个小题不外乎以下五种类型:
1.考固定搭配
这种题目在英语运用部分考试中出现得比较多,而且无论有否选择项对考生做这个题目来说影响并不大,因为对付这类题目只需要记往常用的固定搭配,而并不需要根据上下文进行分析和归纳。2.考关联词语
关联词语有时成对出现,有时单独使用。虽然它们在句子中并没有重读,但是它们在整个句子中也起着非常重要的作用,因为它们连接着一句话中不同的分句,并告诉读者这些分句之间的关系。
3.考名词和代词的一致性
这类题目与其说是对名词的考查,不如说是对代词的考查。众所周知,代词是用来代替名词的,而且,在文章中,有时为了避免重复,不宜过多地使用名词,这时,只有使用代词来充当名词的角色。无论使用代词还是选择代词,我们都应该注意名词和代词的一致性问题。
4.考对文章主要内容的把握
既然是对一篇文章来进行综合填空,当然要考查对整篇文章的理解。如果通读全文之后,再进行填空就比较科学,因为考生已经对整篇文章有了初步的了解。所以,拿到文章之后,首先应该通读全文以了解文章的中心思想和主要内容。
5.考上下文线索
考生一定要有全局意识,即语篇意识。因为在做有些题目时,我们能从相邻的句子或者段落中得到提示。也就是说,我们可以直接或间接地从上下文中找到答案。这样的题目又可以分为两类:一类是能够从上下文中直接找到。另一类是不能直接从原文中找到,但是可以根据上下文的意思来做判断。有时,我们可以从上下文中找到该单词的反义词或者近义词,然后根据连接词的意思,来做出相应的选择;有时,我们可以根据上下文中的有关信息来判断此处应填的单词。
(二)解题技巧
下面以大纲中的样题为例进行解题步骤和其中具体的解题技巧的的分析:
经典例题:
in britain, winter is the season not only for visits to the theatre, opera, concerts and ballet, but also for shopping or for sightseeing.
london, one of the __26__ cities in the world, has plenty to offer during the winter months, __27__ in the way of entertainment - and the __28__ act like a magnet with __29__ array of presents for the christmas __30__, followed by large scale bargains in the january __31__. but it's not only london that __32__ value shopping - most of our suburban and __33__ centres have just as much to offer to the __34__ shopper.
even if you're based __35__ london, you don't have to spend all your __36__ there - and that goes for all the year __37__, too. take a train or coach and __38__ what else britain has to offer; __39__ are many excursions, even in winter, and among the great country houses __40_ keep their stately front doors open __41__ the year are longleat and woburn abbey. __42__ a car and drive __43__ into the beauty of the winter landscape - the scenery will be __44__ beautiful - and the people will have more time to chat to you __45__ this time of year.
26. [a]coldest [b]foggiest [c]busiest [d]noisiest
27. [a]normally [b]especially [c]occasionally [d]generally
28. [a]clubs [b]pubs [c]restaurants [d]shops
29. [a]its [b]the [c]that [d]their
30. [a]shopper [b]visitor [c]caller [d]spender
31. [a]bargains [b]sales [c]selling [d]trading
32. [a]opens [b]presents [c]grants [d]offers
33. [a]provincial [b]national [c]divisional [d]international
34. [a]lonely [b]eager [c]lazy [d]nervous
35.[a]in [b]at [c]on [d]outside
36.[a]money [b]time [c]energy [d]holiday
37.[a]there [b]then [c]over [d]round
38.[a]see [b]watch [c]look [d]view
39.[a]they [b]which [c]there [d]here
40.[a]where [b]which [c]what [d]who
41.[a]for [b]by [c]within [d]throughout
42.[a]lend [b]let [c]hire [d]take
43.[a]out [b]back [c]on [d]across
44.[a]even [b]still [c]yet [d]ever
45.[a]after [b]beyond [c]with [d]at
在做完形填空时,要把握正确的解体步骤:
1.做题前要通读全文,把握全文的大意和作者的写作思路。
做完形填空时,一定要有全局意识,或者说语篇意识。具体来说,就是在做题之前一定要通读全文,把握全文的大意和作者的写作思路;一般来说,文章的开头会包含重要的提示和基本的背景信息。以上文为例,第一段里提到:在英国,冬天不仅是上剧院、电影院听戏剧、看芭蕾的季节,也是购物和观光的季节。而在接下来的第二段和第三段则分别阐述了在冬季英国给人们提供的购物和观光的两个方面的情况。把握了这个文章大意,我们在作选择填空时,就能做出最符合主题意思的选择。
2.做题过程中,要联系上下文,从语法、词汇、逻辑等各个角度进行考虑。
如果是语法题,要使填充后的句子在时态、语气、语态、单复数、主谓一致、主从关系以及句际关系等方面都是正确的。比如上面样题中的第39和40题一看就是考语法。39题所在的句子缺少主语,但是如果选项a中的 “they”,那么前面的句子中应该有指代 “they”的复数名词存在,但是实际上前一句中并没有出现任何复数名词;再看选项b的 “which”,由于被选的词位于句首,单独的一个 “which”是不可能做主语的。而选项d 的 “here” 并不能像选项 c的 “there”一样能 与 “be” 以及其后的名词构成一个语法正确、意义与上下文相连的句子。40题考的是关系词,由于从句中缺少主语,因此只有选项b中的关系代词“which”才合乎语法。
如果是词汇题,要先看是受词语搭配的支配还是受上下文的意思的支配。比如上面样题中的37、41、45题考的是关于时间的习惯搭配。其中的答案,“throughout the year”, “at this time of the year” 都是常见的习惯搭配。32、38、42、43题考的是动词和名词的搭配。以32题为例,“opens(开)”、“ presents(呈现)” “grants(授予)” 这几个动词与“ shopping(购物)”搭配使用都不合适,但是“offers(提供)”与“ shopping(购物)”却在语意上是合适的搭配。 而在词汇题中,还有相当一部分词汇题是受上下文的意思支配的。比如上面样题中的26、28、29、30题。由于这几题都是属于第二段,而第二段的主题是讲伦敦的冬季是购物者良好的购物时机。整段都是围绕 “shopping”来说的。因此26、28、29、30题的答案分别是“[c]busiest(热闹的、繁华的)”、“[d]shops(商店)”、“[d]their(of shops)(商店的)”、“ [a]shopper(购物者)。另外,每道题所在的句子以及前一句和后一句都是重要的判断的依据。
另外,有的题目需要我们运用常识进行判断,比如第二段为什么伦敦的冬季会成为购物的好时间,很大一部分原因是因为冬季有西方人最重要的节日-圣诞节。
三)作完选择后,再读一遍文章,看语法是否正确、上下文是否意义连贯、词语搭配是否恰当。
作完全部选择题后,一定要在通读一遍全文,以保证填充后的文章是一篇语法正确、逻辑严密、主题突出、意思连贯的文章。
篇10:考研英语完形填空解题思路讲解
第一,名词作主语
当一个名词在句中充当主语成分,完型填空原文中,一定会出现相应的提示线索。根据我们分析,提示线索即为谓语动词或表语形容词,即通过已知的谓语动词判断主谓搭配一致性,或者通过已知的表语形容词判断主表搭配的一致性。在这里,各位考生要注意一点,我们需要判断的是谓语动词动作的发出者是人还是物,或者反过来说,如果主语是名词,又恰好是我们要选择的选项,我们就要根据谓语动词判断要选择的名词是否有生命,或者是人还是物。例如,_____ doubt that, 在这个句子中, 横线上我们必须要填一个表示人的选项,因为只有人可以怀疑,其他不可以。所以,根据这个原则,各位考生就可以快速的排除掉无关选项,提高正确率。
第二,根据介词猜名词
在完型填空中,会出现介词+名词的结构。那么,一旦出现这样的结构,名词附近的介词就是相关的提示线索,也是我们解题的关键,即通过已知的介词根据介词和名词的习惯搭配关系判断名词。
例如,The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be __49__ to explain or describe in a __50__ that can be understood by his listeners.(1994)
50. [A] case [B] means [C] method [D] way
我们看一看50题,可以很容易发现四个选项都是名词,很显然,这是一道让我们选择名词的完型填空题。回到原文,我们去寻找相关线索,很容易可以定位到空格前面有一个介词in, 这个介词就是我们解题的关键。我们需要做的就是对比四个选项,看哪一个选项能和in连用。首先,我们最熟知的就是by means of,意为“通过…方法 ”,所以可以直接排除B. 同样的道理,C选项通常的表达为“with the method ”。这样,我们看,还剩下AD两个选项。A选项通常的搭配是“in case that”意为“万一”。所以,通过以上与介词搭配的分析对比,最后我们确定出答案为in a way, D为正确选项。这句话的译文为:“说话人的常用词汇中如果没有详细而精确的词,就不可能用听话人能理解的方式进行解释或描述.” 对于这种方法,需要各位考生在平时复习的时候,尤其是在单词的复习中,要注意对相关词组的整理以及记忆。这是做题的基础,也是根本。所以,各位考生要格外的注意。
第三, 形容词已知,猜被修饰的名词
在这种情况下,这个已知的形容词就是相关提示线索,我们可以通过已知的形容词根据形容词和名词的修饰搭配关系来判断名词。
例如,For example, it has long been known that total sleep _46_is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, _47_ examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. (1995)
46. [A] reduction [B] destruction [C] deprivation [D] restriction
我们看这四个选项都是以-ion这个表示抽象名词的后缀结尾,可见这是一道关于名词的完型填空题。那么,我们就要找到限制这个名词的成分。我们能看到that 后面的短语为total sleep___在这里,出现形容词total,修饰后面的复合名词。那么我们就要判断四个选项中,哪个选项可以和这个形容词搭配,而且从语义,逻辑上都符合我们就选哪个。根据这个原则,我们首先可以排除AD,因为我们无法说“完全的减少”,“完全的限制”。再根据句意,“将老鼠的睡眠100%的――是致命的”,我们知道,在“破坏”和“剥夺”中,“剥夺”更符合语境,也更符合全文主线。因此,C为正确选项。
第四,根据名词后面设计的补充性提示线索选择
在这种结构中,补充性提示线索一般有定语从句,同位语从句,后置起修饰作用的粉刺短语等,它们的作用是通过补充提示暗示出名词。
例如,teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the _25_ that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are _26_ by others.
25. [A] assistance [B] guidance [C] confidence [D] tolerance
各位考生看一下这句话,不难发现,25空格后面出现一个从句,很显然,是修饰25这个名词的。那么,要想做出这道题,我们就要充分理解从句表达什么含义。从句的意思是“从获得成功中等到的____”.那么,纵观四个选项,只有C-自信能从获得成功中得来,即为正确选项。
以上,我们分析了四种不同类型的名词完型填空题。各位考生将来遇到这种类型的考题,要清楚做题步骤以及做题技巧,再加上勤于练习总结,相信名词完型填空对你来说不会是做题障碍,反而是提分的题目。希望广大考生复习顺利!
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