首页 > 范文大全

托福阅读细节题找对原文信息点技巧

时间：2025年03月05日

来源：快跑蜗牛

编辑：本站小编

收藏本文

下载本文

下面就是小编给大家整理的托福阅读细节题找对原文信息点技巧，本文共5篇，希望您能喜欢！本文原稿由网友“快跑蜗牛”提供。

篇1：托福阅读细节题找对原文信息点技巧

托福阅读细节题找对原文信息点技巧

托福阅读细节题总体出题思路介绍

在介绍获取关键信息的方法之前，我们需要先来了解一下阅读中细节信息相关题目的总体出题思路，或者说他的套路。

第一步，会根据原文1-2句话设置正确选项

第二步，一般会对这个选项进行同义改写，最后再在出题处周围设置干扰选项

很多同学看到第一步就很激动了，那我们的解题方法不是就很简单了吗?直接找到原文的那一两句话就好了，这个思路是非常正确的，但前提是要找的到才行，选项是会对原文进行同义改写的，那怎么办呢?信息还是要定位的，我们只能在选择定位词的时候选择那些最不容易被改写掉的词，于是就有了以下这个选取定位词的顺序：特殊标志词优先于名词，名词优先于动词和形容词。

托福阅读细节题解题解题思路实例讲解

比如下面这个题目：

Livestock also came from outside Africa. Cattle were introduced from Asia, as probably were domestic sheep and goats. Horses were apparently introduced by the Hyksos invaders of Egypt (1780-1560 B.C.) and then spread across the Sudan to West Africa. Rock paintings in the Sahara indicate that horses and chariots were used to traverse the desert and that by 300-200 B.C., there were trade routes across the Sahara. Horses were adopted by peoples of the West African savannah, and later their powerful cavalry forces allowed them to carve out large empires. Finally, the camel was introduced around the first century A.D. This was an important innovation, because the camel’s abilities to thrive in harsh desert conditions and to carry large loads cheaply made it an effective and efficient means of transportation. The camel transformed the desert from a barrier into a still difficult, but more accessible, route of trade and communication.

According to paragraph 2,camels were important because they

A were the first domesticated animal to be introduced to Africa

B allowed the people of the West African savannahs to carve out large empires

C helped African peoples defend themselves against Egyptian invaders

D made it cheaper and easier to cross the Sahara

思路分析：

题干问的是“camels were important because they”那我们根据刚才的定位顺序，选择camel 去定位，于是发现原文的倒数第2和3句在讲camel ，读完以后发现，倒数第二句because就是题目的答案，这个时候再看下选项，发现只有D选项是和原文because后面的内容相同，于是就选D了。

通过以上定位的方法可以很快速清晰的找到题目的答案，但是有些题目在定位的过程中，我们会发现，自己所选的关键词在段落的很多地方都出现了，甚至整段都是围绕这个定位词在展开，这个时候就尴尬了，那怎么找?

多重定位，把选项也放进来定位，尤其是题干中提问关于原文某个信息说话正确的或者不正确的时候，比如下面的题目，According to the passage, which of the following is true of wildebeests?或者According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true of icebergs EXCEPT等，根据题干这两个题目，我们分别会选择wildebeests和icebergs去定位，结果发现原文整段都在讨论我们选的定位词，这个时候把选项放进来定位是最直接也是最快找到我们的解题信息的，选项的定位词的选择方法和之前提过的相同，特殊标志词优先于名词，名词优先于动词和形容词，在找信息的过程中同学们要注意同义改写，信息同意改写的方法无非就是近义词改写，反义词改写，词性替换或者句式改写，这里特别提示下反义词改写，往往会在前面加些否定意义的副词，如neither/little/few/hardly/barely/scarcely/seldom/rarely等，希望大家阅读的时候要多注意。

为何托福阅读成绩忽高忽低

一提到托福阅读，很多考友反应就是，这东西分数要高!现实情况也是这样的，如果你真的要达到托福100分这个程度，那么对于你来说，阅读不达到27分几乎是不可能的。如果能达到28分或者29分，那么你得到100分的几率就会相应大增。

但是现实情况是，很多考友的阅读成绩是忽高忽低，有的时候可以一篇文章1个都不错，有的时候会1篇文章错到6、7个。完全无规律可言。诚然，当一篇文章一个都不错的时候，代表了你实力某种意义上的提升，但是，水桶理论告诉我们，你的水平是由木桶里短的那一块板子决定的。因此你经常会发现，在考试的时候托福成绩很难会证明你做过全对。

其实之所以会出现这样的问题，完全是因为托福考试是一场时间与经验的交锋!

时间，其实很短，1篇文章20分钟的时间。只要做过几篇你就会发现，并没有留给我们太多思考的时间和空间，一切的判断都像是在电光火石之间作出的。但是在家里练习的时候却不是这样，没有喧闹的考场，没有严格的时间限制，关键是没有巨大的压力，你会发现你几乎可以发挥出你全部的功力!这就是为什么很多考友都是在考试的时候，没有平时的发挥好，就是这个原因。

其实很多考友之所以觉得自己的阅读好，那是因为国内的英语考试难度低，而且考察的也没有托福考试考察的精细。举个简单的例子，很多考友都会默认性的认为result后面接的都是结果，但是实际上result from后面接的应该是原因。再比如，很多考友都会认为absence这个单词的意思是“缺席”，也就是“人没来”的意思，但是托福考试中却是“没有”的意思，就是因为这一个又一个的细节，使得你这里错一题，那里错一题。然后很快，1篇文章就错了5-7题。

这里表面上是因为单词不熟悉，但是如果细究起来，是你对于英语本身不够熟悉。而且如果再向下继续梳理的话，就很快会涉及到2个层面个是单词，第二个是语法。多背单词，这是几乎每一个考友都会想到的，但是语法，好吧，其实这是很多考友所欠缺的，但是仅仅是没有注意到而已。

但是当我们谈到这里的时候，其实，还应该有第三点，也就是经常被很多考友忽略的点浮出了水面，其实就是固定搭配。比如说刚才提到的result from以及absence of其实都算是此列，很多考友之前很少会关注这些点。

不过各位小鸥们也不必担心，亦鸥老师告诉你其实你只要踏踏实实的把TPO做透，这些问题其实全都会迎刃而解。关键的是要做透，因为很多考友之前仅仅是很习惯于，把TPO做完了之后，就扔在一边，其实我们应该做的是，将那些错题仔仔细细的分析一遍，去看看自己到底有什么地方错了，以及为什么会错!这才是重要的!永远要知道托福阅读其实就像是一本书，你只要将这本书读完了，并且牢牢地记在心里，那么你就会有好成绩。而不是单纯的抚摸两遍这本书，你的成绩就会变好的，换句话说，做题的过程其实是一个查缺补漏的过程，而不是一个单纯的做题的过程。

因此，如果你的阅读成绩忽高忽低，那么就要从1 单词 2 语法 3 固定搭配这三个角度去分析，你的原因一定至少是其中之一!

托福阅读：阅读题型特点介绍

一、基础信息题

具体分析起来，新托福阅读基础信息题中除插话题和修辞目的题外，主要仍是旧托福出现过的传统题型。基础理解题重点考查读者对基础项目的理解，特别是读者根据文章的词汇、句法和语义内容理解把握重要信息的能力。总结发现，它主要包括以下几个具体题型：

词汇题：考查读者根据上下文理解特定词和短语的能力。这种题型虽难度不大，但占每篇文章后所有题目的三分之一，故考生仍应重视起来。

指代关系题：考查读者认定代词与其它首语重复机制以及先行词/后置词的关系的能力。

句子简化题：考查读者认定文章中某一特定复杂句子所传达的基本内容，并不受细枝末节的干扰，用简化的句子表达原句基本内容的能力。

插话题：考查读者将特定的一句话插入文章顺序相连的四个句子之间的能力。这个题型是国内考试常见的Cloze Test的进一步发展，可谓技高一筹。要完成任务，读者必须深入理解各个句子间的词汇、语法和逻辑联系。这是新题型，有相当难度，考生应特别重视。

事实信息题：考查读者抓住文章中阐明的信息，并排除干扰回答问题的能力。读者的任务是在题中某意译的短语选出一个与文章中某相应句子建立对应关系。此题型虽然有难度，数量也较大，但属于老题型。

正误判断题：考查读者根据文章中阐明的信息，判断题中的短语哪些是正确的，哪些是错误的或文章没有提到的信息。

推论题：文章中有些论点/观点没有明确阐述，但却强烈暗示出来了。例如，结果引出了，推论题就可能问造成结果的起因。如果文中有比较，推论题就可能问及比较的基础是什么。如果文中有对某一新现象的明确阐述，推论题就可能要求推论旧现象的特征。推论题虽然是传统题型，但难度很大，需要考生花大功夫准备。

修辞目的题：考查读者透过表面特定的修辞方法/方式发掘潜在的目的能力。要求读者发现外在修辞特征背后的修辞目的。

二、篇章应用题

新托福阅读篇章应用题不仅仅要求根据词汇、句法和语义内容理解具体的点和大意，而且要求认定文章的结构和目的。具体说来，要求将文章的信息升华组织成一个腹稿般的框架;区分主要和次要观点、根本内容与非根本内容;理解诸如因果关系、比较反衬关系和论证等修辞功能。要求读者根据原文内容，使用图表和/或总结表重构中心思想和重点支持信息。对全篇有系统深入的理解，从而进行重构是篇章应用题的关键目标。它要求读者能从文章提取和记忆重要的信息并将其应用在新的情境中。如果读者能在头脑中抽象出一个框架，他就必然能根据课文重构中心思想和相关重要信息。实际上篇章应用题是要求读者在篇章水平上对全文有一个总的把握。这对中国考生是一场全新的考验。它考察的是综合能力。是新托福阅读部分的难点和重点，要花大力气才能有所突破。归纳发现，它主要包括以下几个具体题型：

篇章总结题：考查读者理解全篇中心思想和相关重要信息的能力。读者通过区分主要和次要观点、以及文章没有提及的观点达到总结全篇的目的。实际上，这一题型要求通过对主旨句的选择和重组，完成一个完整的全篇总结。在篇章水平上对全文的综合理解和掌握，以及瞬间的归纳总结能力是考查的重点。欲提高此题的分数，考生应将功夫下在平时：经常锻炼自己在完成某篇章的阅读后，迅速赶写总结的能力。

图表题：考查考生从文章中归纳和组织主要但分散的观点和其他相关重要信息的能力。这种题型是听力部分填表题的在阅读部分的深化和发展。它同样是考查读者对分散信息点的进行简单的归类整理。

托福阅读

篇2：细数托福阅读6大类出题点信息应对技巧

细数托福阅读6大类出题点信息应对技巧

1、重要的逻辑关系(relation)

很多考生在阅读文章的时候只注意到了文章所阐述的重要内容，但是忽略了信息之间的逻辑关系，因而对信息关联理解不准确(incorrect)，这也是一种严重的错误(mistake)。因此，在阅读过程中记录下信息之间所产生的逻辑关系可以避免(avoid)考生丢失信息之间的关联信息。

2、新概念和局部核心概念

所谓“新概念”是指当考生读到文章某个位置时，之前没有出现过的概念。这种新概念的出现(appearance)，意味着已有的概念已经不能说明这里要阐述的问题，所以，新概念的出现必然也意味着一个重要信息的出现。而“局部核心概念”是指在连续的几个段落中集中阐述的主题概念，对于这种概念来说，无论是作为观点还是举例大家都应该注意(pay attention to)，因为它显然是作为重点在文章中被强调的(emphasized)。

3、时间和数字(number)

一般来说，出现时间概念的文章(essay)或段落通常和时间顺序(order)有关，作者会用不同的时间点串出一条时间线索(clue)。而个别数字的出现则意味着这个数字所阐述概念的重要性是不容忽视的(ignored)，因此，除非文章中出现了数据堆积的现象(phenomenon)，考生都需要把数字记录(record)下来。在记录时间和数字时需要注意两个问题(question)，一是在记录时间的同时要同步记录下该时间点所发生事件的关键词，二是无论文章中的时间和数字是什么形式(form)，考生在记录的时候都一律记录成阿拉伯数字，以便于之后做题时的查询。

4、主题段和主题句的关键词(key words)

TOEFL文章中的主题段和主题句都是参与搭建文章结构的，因此记录它们中的几个关键词对于把握全文的结构非常重要。同时，文章中有很多的重要信息(information)也会包含在这部分内容中。

5、人名、地名和专有名词(proper noun)

这些概念在文章中出现的时候，一般都会出现大写字母或引号等标记(sign)，非常有利于信息索引和定位。此外，当提到这几个具体的概念时(concept)，文章通常是在用这些概念说明某个理论或者观点(opinion)，因此记录下这些概念对于理解相关理论和观点可以起到一定的辅助作用。

6、举例主体

有的时候，为了说明某些理论和观点，文章中会出现大段的举例文字。

实际上(in fact)，TOEFL考试中考查这些例子具体内容(specific content)的时候非常少，而更多的是考查作者使用这些例子的原因(reason)或它们所证明的观点。因此，考生在快速笔记中只需要记录下例子是什么就可以了，至于例子中所阐述的具体信息，可以适当忽略(omit)。

托福(TOEFL)考试阅读模拟试题

Hormones in the Body

Up to the beginning of the twentieth century, the nervous system was thought to control all communication within the body and the resulting integration of behavior. Scientists had determined that nerves ran, essentially, on electrical impulses. These impulses were thought to be the engine for thought, emotion, movement, and internal processes such as digestion. However, experiments by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling on the chemical secretin, which is produced in the small intestine when food enters the stomach, eventually challenged that view. From the small intestine, secretin travels through the bloodstream to the pancreas. There, it stimulates the release of digestive chemicals. In this fashion, the intestinal cells that produce secretin ultimately regulate the production of different chemicals in a different organ, the pancreas.

Such a coordination of processes had been thought to require control by the nervous system; Bayliss and Starling showed that it could occur through chemicals alone. This discovery spurred Starling to coin the term hormone to refer to secretin, taking it from the Greek word hormon, meaning “to excite” or “to set in motion.” A hormone is a chemical produced by one tissue to make things happen elsewhere.

As more hormones were discovered, they were categorized, primarily according to the process by which they operated on the body. Some glands (which make up the endocrine system) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Such glands include the thyroid and the pituitary. The exocrine system consists of organs and glands that produce substances that are used outside the bloodstream, primarily for digestion. The pancreas is one such organ, although it secretes some chemicals into the blood and thus is also part of the endocrine system.

Much has been learned about hormones since their discovery. Some play such key roles in regulating bodily processes or behavior that their absence would cause immediate death. The most abundant hormones have effects that are less obviously urgent but can be more far-reaching and difficult to track: They modify moods and affect human behavior, even some behavior we normally think of as voluntary. Hormonal systems are very intricate. Even minute amounts of the right chemicals can suppress appetite, calm aggression, and change the attitude of a parent toward a child. Certain hormones accelerate the development of the body, regulating growth and form; others may even define an individual's personality characteristics. The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.

In fact, some hormone therapies are already very common. A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age. Known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), the treatment was also believed to prevent weakening of the bones. At least one study has linked HRT with a heightened risk of heart disease and certain types of cancer. HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots-dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels-will form. Some proponents of HRT have tempered their enthusiasm in the face of this new evidence, recommending it only to patients whose symptoms interfere with their abilities to live normal lives.

Human growth hormone may also be given to patients who are secreting abnormally low amounts on their own. Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it. Growth hormone affects not just physical size but also the digestion of food and the aging process. Researchers and family physicians tend to agree that it is foolhardy to dispense it in cases in which the risks are not clearly outweighed by the benefits.

27. The word engine in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) desire

(B) origin

(D) chemical

28. The word it in the passage refers to

(A) secretin

(B) small intestine

(D) pancreas

29. The word spurred in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) remembered

(B) surprised

(D) motivated

30. To be considered a hormone, a chemical produced in the body must

(A) be part of the digestive process

(B) influence the operations of the nervous system

(D) regulate attitudes and behavior

31. The glands and organs mentioned in paragraph 3 are categorized according to

(A) whether scientists understand their function

(B) how frequently they release hormones into the body

(D) whether they secrete chemicals into the blood

Paragraph 3 is marked with an arrow [→]

32. The word key in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) misunderstood

(B) precise

(D) simple

33. The word minute in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) sudden

(B) small

(D) noticeable

34. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

(A) Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the body.

(B) Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are.

(D) The influence of many hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both people's psychology and actions extensively.

35. The word tempered in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) decreased

(B) advertised

(D) researched

36. Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone?

(A) Adults of smaller statue than normal

(B) Adults with strong digestive systems

(D) Children who may remain abnormally small

37.Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?

These sentences are highlighted in the passage.

(A) The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.

(B) A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age.

(C) HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots-dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels-will form.

(D) Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.

38. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The body is a complex machine, however, and recent studies have called into question the wisdom of essentially trying to fool its systems into believing they aren't aging.Where would the sentence best fit?Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.

39. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

The class of chemicals called hormones was discovered by two researchers studying a substance produced in the small intestine.

Answer Choices

The term hormone is based on a Greek word that means “to excite” or “to set in motion.”Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of treatments with growth hormone so that more patients can benefit from it.

Hormones can be given artificially, but such treatments have risks and must be used carefully.Hormones can affect not only life processes such as growth but also behavior and emotion.

Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system but also certain chemicals can affect bodily processes far from their points of origin.Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of blood clots and heart disease in middle-age women.

Answer Keys

Reading:

27. B

28. A

29. D

30. C

31. D

32. C

33. B

34. D

35. A

36. D

37. A

38. third square

39.1) Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system….

2) Hormones can affect not only life processes…..

3) Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of ….

篇3：托福阅读细节题寻找关键词定位技巧实例精讲

托福阅读细节题寻找关键词定位技巧实例精讲

托福阅读细节题定位很重要

考托福的同学都应该知道，托福考试词汇题与细节题占据了托福阅读的半壁江山，看来细节决定成败，这话一点儿也没错。很多同学把细节题做法背得滚瓜烂熟：首先，找题目中的关键词，去定位;其次，读懂关键词在文章中的句子;最后，看选项中哪个选项最符合文章的意思，就选择哪个。我只能说，背得很好，很流利。不过，你做题的时候就凭这几句话能搞定吗??? 找关键词到底怎么找，定位怎么定，你知道吗?

好了，不为难你了。我们就来看一下托福细节题的第一步——找题目中的关键词。

哪些词可以作为阅读定位的关键词?

很多同学会这样回答：这还不简单! 比较级和最高级，数字，大写。那么，用这样的方法，我们看看怎么来定位下面这道题。这是官方真题Official28第一篇文章underground water中的第八题：

Q8 According to paragraph 2, what is the relationship between permeability and porosity?

A. The more pores a rock has, the higher its porosity but the lower its permeability

B. Rocks with many internal spaces that are not connected with each other will have high porosity but low permeability.

C. If water flows through a rock easily, it has permeability but low porosity.

D. Rocks that have high permeability have high porosity and vice versa.

这道题既没有大写，也没有时间，更没有比较级。看到这个题，许多学生就傻眼了，这该怎么去定位?

我们刚刚提到的大写，比较级，最高级，数字，大写只是能够帮助我们很快定位的一些特殊的单词。而这些特殊的单词并不是每一个题目中都会有。更常见的应该是名词，形容词，动词等等，这些词都可以帮助我们来定位。因此，在这道题中，我们可以用permeability，和porosity来定位。为什么不用relationship来定位呢?题目问的是permeability和porosity的relationship，大家想一想，文章中会不会有一个句子直接告诉我们它们的关系呢?没有那么容易吧!这可是托福阅读好嘛。所以，这种问A和B的关系，不同之处或相似之处的题，我们应该把关键词定为A和B.

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：打哈欠的科学原理

托福阅读长难句实例

According to conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy and serves the function of increasing alertness by reversing, through deeper breathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallow breathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.

句子分析

这句话来自于官方真题Official 18的第二篇文章“The Mystery of Yawning”，是很多同学读到普遍觉得比较难懂的句子哦!首先，我们要找到句子的中心点，即主干的谓语动词，本句有两个并列的谓语动词：分别是takes place和serves。其次，本句的难点之一在于：through deeper breathing是一个插入语，造成理解干扰，其实可以先跳过不读，直接把该插入语前后的内容连起来，就是by reversing the drop in blood oxygen levels，其后that are caused by... 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的blood oxygen levels。最后，本句的另一个难点则是：在这个定语从句里面，又镶嵌了另一个定语从句：that accompanies... 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的breathing。

单词回顾

从词汇上看，conventional表示“常规的;符合习俗的”，比如：conventional weapons 常规武器。yawn指的是“打哈欠”。alertness作名词，指的是“警觉;机敏”。reverse作动词，表示“使逆转;倒退”，比如：The damage done to the ozone layer may be reversed. 对臭氧层造成的破坏可以被逆转。shallow表示“浅的”，比如：a shallow analysis of the contemporary society 对当今社会浅显的分析。accompany作动词，表示“伴随;伴奏”，比如：Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 闪电通常伴有雷声。The singer was accompanied at the piano by his pupil. 演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。

句子翻译

最后，一起来读下这句话的翻译吧，“根据传统理论，当人们觉得无聊或者困倦时会打哈欠。睡眠不足或者感觉无聊会引起浅呼吸，而浅呼吸会引起血液中含氧量减少，打哈欠可以通过深呼吸来逆转这种血液含氧量的减少，进而起到提高人体警觉的作用。”

托福考试阅读复杂句难点解读技巧

1、简单句即基本句，就是英语在最简单句子中的基本格局、也是千变万化的句子结构的雏形。基本句型主要有五种：

主-动-补(动词就是我们所说的系动词)

主-动(动词就是我们所说的不及物动词)

主-动-宾(动词也就是我们所说的及物动词)

主-动-宾-宾(第三种类型的引申)

主-动-宾-补(这个复杂一点，但是我们经常看到的动词固定表达就是属于这一种)

2、复杂句也就是我们经常说的“从句”。从句的目的也是英语语言逻辑的精髓就是“修饰关系”，也就是在一个句子里表达更多的内容和信息。

比如“跟别人告别的时候用力一点，因为你多说一句，可能就是最后一句，多看一眼，可能就是最后一眼…”这是属于原因状语从句、主句却还是一个“祈使句”。再如“在这个忧伤而明媚的三月，我从我单薄的青春里打马而过，穿过紫堇，穿过木棉，穿过时隐时现的悲喜和无常。”这个句子，明明就是一个单句，虽然有“在”、但是后面却接的是一个“三月”，整个句子的主语是“我”。

我们再来看几个托福TPO里的句子你会发现其实并不难。

The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slop is often a dramatic one.

肢解开开分析起来简单多了，大家能不能一眼看到句子的核心呢?这句话的核心含义是：过渡带很剧烈。

Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses.这句话的意思是：在…，树消失…和被…代替。

This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line.这句话的意思是：这个什么X.X的“地带”叫...。

In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or dese rt at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.这句话里有了where引导的定语从句，但是把它找出来也就不难理解句子了。这句话的意思为：在…, 有timberline，(一堆东西修饰了timberline)。

托福阅读机经预测

阅读1

Egypt:选都问题，为什么选择了一个叫做Ma的城市

第一段讲的是地理位置上可以control可以控制全国，囚为位置靠上.对比旧首都?此处有题，细节题，问为什么新首都比旧首都好?第二段讲的是从好济贸易上讲，新首部可以使统治者控制经济，因为新首都M是经济运输的必经之地。

第三段讲的是这个首都可以提供pasture为陆路贸易，提供便利。

第四段讲的是河道的问题

阅读2

农葯的使用问题。农药开始使用，可以减少虫害，但是由于害虫的繁殖速度快和可大量繁殖造成自然选择(是这个意思)，同时农药还大量杀死的Predator.但是Predator就没这么幸运了

.他们不能大量繁殖，而且毒素通过实物可以传递到他们身体里，这一点造成了害虫数量的增加，最后一段提到了california的一种吃cotton害虫，很难控制.应为他们的竞争对手和天敌被农药弄死了所以农民不得不加大用农药的用量.

阅读3

上石器时代

阅读4

讲sea适合什么情况下的海水环境,吸收沉淀物为养分什么的.版木2:讲egg的进化.一开始是软的外壳，后来因为种.种原因壳变硬了

托福阅读机经预测

life in the desert

文章回忆：

沙漠中缺水比较严重，植物和动物分别用不同的方式适应沙漠缺水的环境。

沙漠中的植物有不同的种类，根据各自的特性尽量减少体内水分的缺失：比如有通过根不断扩张至更深处获得水分，有在炎热是收缩，在有水分时张开叶片储存水分，有把根伸展至有水的湖泊或者地方获取地表的水分等。

动物也通过不同的方式减少活动或者减少水分的失去。比如有的比在冷一些的环境下的同类要小许多，有的拥有的一个器官比在冷一些的环境下的同类大很多，减少水分的流失，还有一些热的时候会hibernation，通过这样的方式减少代谢。

映射世界

第一段：在航海行动在欧洲开始的时候，人们开始意识到地图的重要性，同时因为航海的实践活动让人们越来越意识到古地图的错误性。地图印刷开始成为一个有利可图的行业，早期的地图往往来自于私人收藏，古书上的绘画，版本非常多。

第二段：欧洲最早的地图更多体现了宗教思想，认为地球居于中心，日月行星和恒星围绕地球运转，在人们通过航海活动意识到这种思想的错误后，这种地图受到了当时人们的assault.

Ptolemy

(托勒密)的地图也属于早期的地图，但是这种地图不像托勒密的宗教思想，它标注了经度纬度的原则原理，还有当时人们能知道的最远的地理位置，所以受到的攻击比较少，而且人们经常查阅。虽然后来的发现越来越多的表明他的地图不准确。

第三段：后来的地图逐渐发展，但是地图描述准确的范围仅限于欧洲大陆人们去过的地方，对于这些地区的城镇有详细描述，但是对于其他的landmass

的描述基本靠想象和口头描述来描绘。更加精确的地图随着人们的航海经历范围逐渐扩大才渐渐补充完善。

第四段：地图从扁平的到地球仪的出现。圆形地球仪的出现是地图的一大进步，因为扁平的地图上，人们没有到达的地方一般省略或者用毛边来表示，但是球形的地图就没有这种可能性，必须要精准画好。印刷业的发展解决了这一问题，人们先在椭圆形的图上画好这个地图然后拼接成一个球形，标志地图发展的一大进步。

篇4：托福阅读高频细节题2种常见提问方式应对技巧实例讲解

托福阅读细节题考点分析

在学习托福阅读细节题的解题思路之前，我们首先要了解细节题对于考生的能力考查到底在哪里。在小编看来，细节题考查的核心要点是大家在文章阅读过程中对于细节信息的敏感度以及考生准确返回原文定位到细节的能力，这种能力在考生以后研究生阶段学业中需要阅读大量文字类资料并准确寻找到其中关键性信息时会很有价值，因此细节题可以说就是针对考生是否具备这种能力而设置的题型。

篇5：托福阅读高频细节题2种常见提问方式应对技巧实例讲解

托福阅读细节题从提问方式上主要可以分为两类，第一类难度较高，要求考生对问题的所有选项都进行返回原文查找的步骤从而得出正确答案。这类题目小编称为多选项返回定位题，比如以下这道题目就是如此：

Asia is the largest land mass on Earth. It contains one-third of the world’s land. Much of the land is uninhabited. But Asia holds more than 60% of the world’s people. It has 48 different countries, including China and India. They are the most populous countries in the world. Asia is also the birthplace of the world’s five major religions. They are Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Which of the following is true of Asia?

A. It is the largest continent on Earth.

B. One-third of the world’s population lives there.

C. It takes up 60% of the world’s land mass

D. It is the home of 48 different religions.

可以看到这道题目本身并没有给出任何解题线索和关键词，考生需要把四个选项逐一返回原文核对查找以后，才能得出正确答案。这类题目之所以难度较高，就是因为它会消耗大家比较多的时间，本身考试时间不足答题节奏落后于原定进度的同学面对这类题目很容易因为心浮气躁，想要加速又加不了而出现错误。而且这类题目有个特点，那就是哪怕选项A就是正确选项，考生也会忍不住再去把其它选项也逐一核对确认一下再做出选择，这其实就是利用了考生患得患失的解题心理。以上题为例，A选项It is the largest continent on Earth.和文章第一句Asia is the largest land mass on Earth.其实就是一个意思，但哪怕考生心中已经比较有把握，也还是需要再看完其它选项才行。这样的题目相当消耗时间，大家如果遇到请务必注意时间分配方面的问题。

第二类细节题难度就比较低了，这类题目会给出明确的提示性线索和关键词，考生根据关键词直接返回原文就能找到对应题目的正确答案，在较短时间内就能做完。这类题目小编称为明确线索定位题，比如下面这道：

A routine vaudeville show usually began with a silly act, such as acrobats or trick bicyclists. This allow audience members to arrive late and find their seats. The show peaked in the middle with the “headliner”. This act was usually the best in the show. The show would conclude with a “chaser” act. This act was considered good enough to feature but dull enough to make audiences leave the theater.

According to paragraph 2, why did a vaudeville show usually start off with a silly act?

A. Because the audience needed time to arrive and find their seats.

B. Because the audience preferred to begin with silly acts.

C. Because silly acts got the audience ready for serious ones.

D. Because that was the only type of act the theater owner could find.

这道题目不仅给出了关键词线索a silly act，而直接给出了对应内容所在的段落位置，对于考生来说定位返回就变得相当简单了，考生只要带着问题读一下原文，找到答案以后再从选项中寻找出相应的内容就可以顺利解题。比如上面这道题问的是威慑呢么杂耍表演开场都要先来个silly act?考生从原文第二句This allow audience members to arrive late and find their seats.就可以直接找到答案，甚至不用读完整段内容就能获得自己需要的信息，接下来看到选项A也正好符合要求，那么答案一下子就能确定出来，整个解题过程不会超过30秒。

以上两种托福阅读细节题小编希望大家能够通过实例了解其差异和相应的解题思路。细节题是托福阅读考试中比较关键的题型之一，考生如果能够高效且正确地解答这类题目，对于确保和提升托福阅读成绩都会是一大助力，还请大家多花心思认真学习和掌握好应对这个题型的解题思路。

托福阅读背景材料之如何珍惜时间

If the real work that needs doing is offline， disable the internet for an hour at a time.

如果这件事情不需要上网就可以完成，把网断掉。

Turn email checks into an hourly habit， not an “as the box gets mail” habit.

延长查看电子邮件的周期。

Don’t answer your cell phone when working on something important. Call back later.

如果手头的工作很重要，工作期间不要接电话，回头再打过去就是了。

If you can’t work at work， negotiate finding a new place to get things done.

如果你的工作环境让你不能工作，换个没人打扰的地方。

Television means： “I don’t need this time and it doesn’t matter to me.” (Almost always. Really.)

看电视意味着“这段时间我浪费了也无所谓”。

Budget your entertainment time vs. production time. Never cheat the other.

平衡你的娱乐和工作时间。

Examine every opportunity along the lines of time vs. projects already underway.

时时检查你的时间安排和现在已经进行中的项目。

Try working part of your day in “off-hour” times， to get more done with fewer people around.

以小时为单位划分你的工作时间，用更少的人做更多的事情。

专心的窍门

Write your goals clearly. Post them in eyeball view of where you work most.

清楚的写下你的目标。放在你的眼皮底下。

Spend time with focused people. Meet and befriend those who are where you want to be.

多和专心工作的人在一起。

Consume as much material about your prime focus as you can budget.

尽量把资源用在主要目标上，把时间花在刀刃上。

Analyze your past experiences. Be clear. List your successes. Examine your failures.

回顾总结以往的成功和失败经验。

Stay true to a particular vision of what you want to do.

清楚明白你想要得到的是什么。

Don’t give up too early.

不要太容易放弃。

Envision your success. Write about it. Then read that daily or weekly.

想象一下成功后的样子，写下来，每天读读。

Learn how to “chunk.” Hit each milestone and move to the next. Be methodical.

学会把大事划分为几个阶段，完成一个阶段，再进入下一个。

Develop habits around success and drive.

养成好习惯。

Recharge your batteries with good sleep and food.

吃好睡足。

Develop your relationship with your family. It nourishes the other goals.

维持家庭关系。这是你完成其它工作的保障。

托福阅读背景知识之如何保持好记忆

Being in a good mood decreases the brain's working memory， US researchers say.

“This explains why you might not be able to remember a phone number you get at a party when you are having a good time，” Elizabeth Martin， a doctoral student of psychology at the University of Missouri， says in a statement. “This research is the first to show that positive mood can negatively impact working memory storage capacity.”

The researchers gauged study participants’ mood before and after showing them a video clip - some saw a bit of a stand-up comedy routine， while others saw a video on how to install flooring.

Those who viewed the comedy routine were in significantly better moods after viewing the video， while the mood of flooring group had not changed. Both groups were then given a memory test.

The study， published in the journal Cognition and Emotion， found those who watched the comedy routine performed significantly worse on the task.

美国研究人员称，好心情可能会降低大脑的工作记忆(属程序性记忆、短时记忆，是一种短暂时刻的知觉)能力。

“这就能解释为什么明明在派对上玩得很开心，却记不住从派对上得到的电话号码，”密苏里大学心理学博士伊丽莎白马丁在一份报告中指出。“该研究首次说明，积极情绪有损于工作记忆容量。”

研究人员在受试者观看视频片段前后对其情绪进行了测量。其中一部分受试者所看的是轻松喜剧节目，另一些人所看的视频则关于如何铺地板。

那些看了喜剧的受试者观后情绪更佳，而“地板视频”受试者观前观后情绪并无波动。两组都接受了记忆测试。

托福阅读背景材料之性格影响外表

If you exhibit positive traits such as honesty and helpfulness， the chances are that you will be perceived as a good looking person， for a new study has found that the perception of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.

The study， led by Gary W. Lewandowski， Jr， found that people who exhibit negative traits， such as unfairness and rudeness， appear to be less physically attractive to observers.

In the study， the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information on personality traits.

After personality information was received， participants also rated the desirability of each individual as a friend and as a dating partner.

Information on personality was found to significantly alter perceived desirability， showing that cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness.

“Perceiving a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind，” said Lewandowski.

The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater desirability as a friend， which leads to greater desirability as a romantic partner and， ultimately， to being viewed as more physically attractive.

The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was initially perceived to be， or of the participants' current relationship status or commitment level with a partner.

What would you think of this lady's physical attractiveness if she exhibited bad personal traits?

“This research provides a more positive alternative by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people's impressions of how good looking you are，” said Lewandowski.

如果你表现出诚实和乐于助人等美好品质，那么别人会觉得你的外表也很迷人。一项最新研究发现，一个人的性格会影响别人对他或她的外表吸引力的看法。

该项由盖里?W?勒万多维斯基负责的研究发现，人们认为，表现出不诚实和粗鲁等恶劣品质的人外表也不够吸引人。

研究对象首先观看了一组异性的照片，随后分别在得知照片中人物的性格特点之前和之后给他们的外表评分。

研究对象在得知照片中人物的性格特点后，还对与其中每个人交朋友或做恋人的期望值进行了评分。

研究人员发现，有关人物性格特点的信息大大改变了之前的喜好度评分，研究对象的认知过程改变了他们对照片中人物外表的评价。

勒万多维斯基说：“总的来说，如果人们认为一个人的性格较好，那么他们会觉得无论与这个人做朋友还是做恋人都更合适。”

研究结果表明，人们更期望与性格较好的人交朋友、成为恋人，从而会认为他们的外表更迷人。

无论照片中人物给人的“第一印象”怎样、或者研究对象目前的情感关系状况以及与伴侣的亲密程度如何，研究结果都是一致的。

勒万多维斯基说：“该研究提出了一个更为积极的观点，它提醒人们，性格在很大程度上能决定你的吸引力;性格甚至能够改变人们对于你外表的印象。”

将本文的Word文档下载到电脑，方便收藏和打印

推荐度：

点击下载文档