高一英语必修四unit1课件

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篇1：高一英语必修四unit1课件

高一英语必修四unit1课件

Period 1Reading

The General Idea of This Period

This period includes Warming up,Reading and Comprehending of the Reading.It introduces a day of Jane Goodall and her colleagues in the forests,observing the chimps.After reading the passage the students can know about Jane Goodall’s working methods,her great achievements and her attitude towards wild animals.Reading the passage,the students can also learn some reading strategies such as predicting,skimming and drawing conclusions.

Teaching Important Points

Help he students to comprehend the story of Jane Goodall’s protecting the African wildlife.

Get the students to learn from Jane Goodall’s story and come to the idea that great personality is of importance to one’s success.

Learn and master some important words,phrases and sentence patterns in this period.

Teaching Difficult Points

Get the students to comprehend the story and understand what Jane Goodall has done to gain the achievements.

Get the students to believe that one’s personality as well as luck and ability is important to one’s success.

Teaching Methods

Predicting to guess the content of the passage.

Skimming to get the general idea of the text.

Scanning to get detailed information and get to understand the passage better.

Task-based activities to get the students to comprehend the passage and be able to debate about whether women can do a better job than men.

Teaching Aids

A tape recorder

A multimedia computer

Three Dimensional Teaching Aims

Knowledge and Skills

Enable the students to comprehend the story of Jane Goodall’s protecting the African wildlife.

Enable the students to learn from Jane Goodall to treat animals in a human way and come to the idea that great personality is of importance to one’s success.

Learn some useful words and expressions:achieve,achievement,condition,welfare,connection,behave,behavior,worthwhile,specialist,observe,observation argue,inspire,support,devote ... to,etc.

Learn some sentence patterns:

Watching a family wake up is our first activity of the day.

Only after her mother came to help her for the first months was she allowed to begin her project.

Process and Strategies

Group work to encourage the students to participate in class activities.

Fast reading to make the students get the main idea of the passage.

Feelings and Value

For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.People will do something that can satisfy their feelings and make a better world.

Teaching Procedures

Step 1 Lead-in

1.Greet the students.

T:Good morning/ afternoon,boys and girls!

Ss:Good morning/ afternoon,Miss./Mr.liu..

2.Introduce the topic of great women.

1)Show some pictures of women for the students to guess who they are and tell whether they are great women or not.

T:Do you have idols?Now I would like to show you some pictures of women to see whether they are your idols and try to tell me whether they are great women.

Show some pictures of some famous people.

The students might be very excited to see the pictures.They will tell their names and the reasons why they are so famous.But they will have the same point of view that they are famous and important but they are not great women.

2) Get the students to have a discussion about the qualities needed to be a great woman.

T:Although they are so famous and important in a certain field,they are not great women.So what do you think is needed in order to be a great woman?

(Give the students two minutes to discuss in pairs.)

T:Now what do you think is needed in order to be a great woman?Who would like to share the opinions with us?

S:Let me have a try. In my opinion,a great woman should be intelligent and hard-working,otherwise she will not achieve her goals.

S:I think a great woman should be determined and consistent.Because sometimes she might come across a lot of difficulties before her idea and invention are accepted by the public or other specialists.If she can’t stick to her opinion,she may fail in achieving her goals.

S:According to me,I think a great woman should be modest and responsible.I don’t think an arrogant and irresponsible woman will become a great woman.

Other students add their opinions.

T:I agree with all of you.But in my opinion,most importantly a great woman should be unselfish and willing to sacrifice.Otherwise they will not overcome different difficulties and make great contributions to humans and our society.Do you think so?

Ss:Yes.

3) Talk about great women.

T:Now can you name some famous women?

S:I think Madam Curie is a great woman.She discovered radium(镭)with her husband and made great contributions to the field of science and also our society.She won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry and Physics.

T:Good.Who else would like to express your idea?

S:I think Mother Teresa is a great woman.She worked in India to help the poor,took care of the disabled people and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.

(Some other students express their opinions.)

T:Now I would like to show you some more pictures to see whether you know them and their achievements.

（warming up）

(Get the students to read the information of the six women together.)

Step 2 Predicting

Get the Ss to read the title and predict the main content of the passage.

T:Today we are going to learn about one of the great women. Before that I would like to show you some pictures on P2.

T:What can you see in the picture?

Ss:A woman and an animal.

T:Who is the woman?

Ss:Jane Goodall.

T:What is the animal?

Ss:It’s a chimp.

T:What is she doing?

Ss:She is kissing the chimp.

T:If you meet a chimp in the forest,will you do that like Jane Goodall?

Ss:No.

T:(smiles)

Step 3Skimming to get the general idea

Get the Ss to read the passage and find the answers to the four questions (two minutes) and try to sum up the general idea of the passage.

S:1.Jane Goodall is the protector.T:Now who can answer the first question?Who is the protector?

T:Good.What about the second one?What animals were observed?

S:2.Chimps were observed.

T:The third one?When did Jane Goodall arrive in Gombe？ How old was she?

S:3.She arrived in Gombe in 1960 when she was 26.

T:Very good.And the last one?

S:4.Her purpose was to help the rest of the world to understand and respect the life of the chimps.

T:Good job.What about the general idea?

S:The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodle worked with chimps in their environment and helped people understand and respect the life of these animals.

T:Wonderful job.So did you get the right prediction?

Ss:Yes.

Step 4 Main ideas

Get the students to read the whole passage and sum up the main idea of each paragraph.At the same time,instruct them the way of finding or summing up the main idea.

T:Now we have a rough idea about the passage.How will the writer introduce Jane Goodall’s story to us?How will she organize the passage?I would like you to read the story carefully and sum up the main idea of each paragraph.How can we sum up the main idea easily?

S:Try to see whether there are any topic sentences,which are usually at the beginning or the end of a paragraph.If there are not any topic sentences,try to sum up the main idea according to the content of the paragraph.

T:Good.Now read the passage and try to find out the main ideas.

(after 4 minutes)

T:How many paragraphs are there in the passage?

Ss:Four.

T:What are the main ideas of them?

S:1.The first paragraph is about a day in the Combe National Park.

S:2.The second paragraph tells us Jane’s way to study chimps and her achievements.

S:3.The third paragraph tells us her attitude to the animals.

S:4.The last paragraph is a short summary of the whole passage,telling us that she has achieved everything she wanted to do.

T:Wonderful job.

Step 5 Scanning

Get the students to read the whole passage to get some detailed information.

T:Now we have formed an overview of the whole passage.Next I would like you to read and get more information about Jane Goodall.Please try to find out the answers to the following questions.If there are some sentences that you cannot understand,put them down and we shall solve your problems later.

T:(four minutes later) Now who can answer the questions?

S:1.They watched the chimps wake up in the morning in the forest.

S:2.She suggested the chimps should be left in the wild.

S:3.She discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat,how chimps communicate with each other and worked out their social system.

(Not all the students can find the answer to the third question,or some of them can only find part of the answers.The teacher should instruct them the way of finding them accurately.First get them to find the possible sentences where the answer lies—“For example,one thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat...She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.” Remind them to pay attention to the transitional words like“one thing”,“also” and “and”.)

篇2：高一英语必修四课件

高一英语必修四课件

I．单元教学目标

技能目标  Skill Goals

Talk about body language: cultural differences and intercultural communication

Practise talking about prohibition & warning as well as obligation

Learn to use the -ing form as the Attribute &Adverbial

Learn to write a diary that showing the observation of how body language helps in communication

II． 目标语言

功能句式 Talk about body language

What is the purpose of language?

What do you think “body language” means?

How can you tell if someone is sad or happy even if they do not speak?

How can you communicate a feeling to someone who does not speak your language?

Why do we need to study body language?

Talk about cultural differences & intercultural communication

What do British people often do when they meet strangers?

What do French people often do when they meet people they know?

Why should we be careful about our own body language?

Why is it important to watch others as well as listen to them?

词汇

1． 四会词汇

Represent, association, canteen, dormitory, flight, curious, approach, major, misunderstand, dash, adult, crossroad

2． 认读词汇

unspoken,, Jordan

3． 词组

be likely to, in general, not all, turn one’s back to, lose face

语法 4． 重点词汇

represent, introduce, approach, touch, express, nod, avoid, misunderstand, punish, general, curious, similar, expression, agreement, gesture, action

The -ing form as the attribute && adverbial

Finding out in the reading text sentences with present participle(s) used as the attribute or adverbial.

1. The -ing form as the attribute

They are visitors coming from several other countries, ...

His nose touches Mr. Cook’s moving hand, ...

This is an exciting experience for you, ...

2. The -ing form as the adverbial

... so you stand watching and listening.

Four people enter looking around in a curious way.

You see her step back appearing surprised, and take a few steps away from Mr. Garcia.

The visitor from Japan comes in smiling at the same time as George Cook from Canada.

Ⅲ． 教材分析和教材重组

1． 教材分析

本单元以Body Language——“体态语”为中心话题，具体涉及什么是“体态语”，如何理解“体态语”，以及“体态语”的跨文化性等。本单元的语言技能和语言知识也都是围绕“体态语”这一中心话题设计的，旨在通过单元教学，用听、说、读、写、做(表演)等多种形式，让学生正确认识和掌握“体态语”在交际中的作用和意义，使学生明确“体态语”在人类交际中的重要性，了解“体态语”在不同民族、不同文化交际中的多样性；使学生在今后的日常生活、学习、工作和交往中尽量减少或避免运用“体态语”时可能产生的误解，提高他们的“语言交际”能力和“非语言交际”能力。

1.1  WARMING UP 以列表对比（填充及增补）的形式，并通过WARMING UP的活动，让学生了解有声语言与“体态语”的对应关系，了解语言意义与行为意义（“体态语”）在交际中具有同等重要的作用。同时，学生在听、说、做（即表演“体态语”的动作）中能够增进对语言交际的感性认识，为他们在阅读过程中上升到对语言交际的理性认识打下基础。

1.2  PRE-READING 通过提供三个关于不同文化背景下“体态语”的问题，启发学生思考我们所学习的“语言”的目的、形式、功能。通过引导学生联系自己日常生活的实际，提高学生努力学习英语的积极性和自觉性；同时培养学生留心社会、关注生活的洞察力，为引导学生进一步“阅读”作好准备。

1.3  READING 是一篇介绍性（记叙文）体裁的文章，主要介绍了各种文化背景下的“体态语”的异同，为学生提供了来自不同国度、不同语言文化背景的“体态语”及其在交际中的异同和影响的具体例证。学生也可以结合自己在语言交际中所遇到的实际例子来进一步理解“交际，毫无问题可言吗？”这一主题。

1.4  COMPREHENDING 包括八个问题（前5个旨在检查学生对阅读材料细节的理解，6~7旨在引导学生对“体态语”的意义及文化差异的`思考，第8个检查学生能否通过细节进行推理判断），通过对来自不同国度、不同语言文化背景的六个角色对待男女不同性别所使用的“体态语”异同的（学生在老师指导下的自我或小组讨论后的）归纳，进一步熟悉和掌握“体态语”在不同语言文化交际中的作用和意义。

1.5  LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE  分词汇和语法两部分。词汇部分由“本单元重点词汇英文释义”，“词语填空”和“词性变换”三项内容构成，语法部分由两大方面组成：一是让学生自己通过在课文中寻找相关语法的句子并按其语法功能分类，二是根据学生的认知规律安排该语法项目的练习让学生进行操练。整个项目通过三个练习和一个游戏，以及语法结构讲练，进一步巩固本单元所学词汇（尤其是课文中的黑体字），学习“现在分词”结构用作定语和状语，并通过操练，以收到“学以致用”、“熟练生巧”的效果。

1.6  USING LANGUAGE 通过增加阅读篇目“Showing Our Feelings”来拓展学生在“体态语”方面的知识视野，并通过“True” or “False”判断练习和问题讨论，使学生进一步明确“体态语”对人们在日常交际中了解对方情感、思想、态度等方面所起的作用。同时要让学生认真对待自己的“体态语”，并在日常交际中“听其言”（Listen to them）、“观其行”（Watch them）。此外，该部分还通过听、说、读、写四个方面来巩固本单元所学内容和语言交际项目。

1.7  SUMMING UP 师生从话题、词汇和结构三个方面来共同总结本单元所学的单词和短语，语言及语法项目，总结本单元所学的主要内容和收获。

1.8  LEARNING TIPS 建议学生关注实用交际技巧，学会“体态语”；建议学生在看英语电影时或与以英语为母语的人士交谈时，观察对方面部表情和体态姿势，观察对方的“言”、“行”，进而形成有效的口笔头语言及“体态语”的交际能力。

2. 教材重组

2.1 听力：Using language中的Listening, Workbook中的Listening和Listening Task这三部分的任务及话题较为接近，将这三个部分整合在一起上一堂听力课。

2.2 口语：Warming up, Using language中的Reading and Talking, Speaking和Workbook中的Talking，Speaking Task以及Learning about language中的Discovering useful words and expressions 4, “Play a game in group of four”均紧扣本单元话题，同时涉及到本单元的功能句，教师可指导学生通过“说”（用英语发出与“体态语”相关的指令）与“做”（用“体态语”表达指令）结合来进行口语训练，这将是一节生动有趣的口语课。

2.3 精读：把Pre-reading，Reading和Comprehending三部分整合为一节阅读课。

2.4 泛读：把Using Language中的Reading和Workbook中的Reading Task整合为一节拓展学生视野的泛读课。

2.5 语言学习：深入处理Learning about language中的Discovering useful words and expressions, Discovering useful structures; Workbook中的Using Words and Expressions和Using Structures。重点学习Discovering useful structures中“-ing (现在分词)”在句中做定语和状语的用法。

2.6 语言运用：处理Using Language中的Reading and Writing和Workbook中的Writing Task。指导学生写一篇有关“The Body Language I Know”短文，反映其在不同文化背景、不同语言环境中的运用情况，及所造成的理解上的困难、障碍甚至误解等。

3． 课型设计与课时分配

1st  period             Speaking

2nd  period            Reading (I)

3rd  period             Reading（II）

4th  period             Language Study

5th  period             Listening

6th  period             Writing

Ⅳ． 分课时教案

The First Period Speaking

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target Language目标语言

a. 重点词汇和短语

misunderstand, similar, facial, expression, agreement, yawn, chest, gesture, adult, punish

b. 重点句型或交际用语

Act out the following meanings, please.

Please guess what I mean.

Please show the actions, using body language.

Now it is your turn to show the action / gesture.

Please use either spoken words or body language to express your ideas.

Please use both spoken words and body language to express your ideas.

2. Ability goals能力目标

a. Enable the students to understand what a certain gesture of the body language means in a given situation.

b. Enable the students to act out some meanings, requirements, requests or situations given in the target language.

c. Enable the students to express with the target language the meanings given in body language.

3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

a. Help the students learn how to express themselves in body language when needed.

b. Help the students understand others when body language is being used.

Teaching important points教学重点

a. Teach the students how to understand body language used in different countries or cultures as well as in different occasions.

b. Teach the students how to use body language in the most appropriate occasions.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

a. Enable the students to realize the importance of body language in communication so that little or no misunderstanding may occur.

b. Let the students know that there is both positive body language and negative body language.

Teaching methods教学方法

a. Individual work, pair work and group work.

b. Acting out by imitation, mime or with gestures and body movement.

Teaching aids教具准备

A computer, a projector and some pictures.

Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

Step I Lead-in

The teacher shows some pictures on screen. These pictures are from the Evening Party Celebrating the coming Lunar New Year of the Rooster of .

Ss: Yes, Thousands of Hands Kwan-yin.

T: But do you know who she is? Yes, she was the leading dancer of the program. Her name is Tai Lihua（邰丽华）. She is called a Fairy of Peach blossom(桃花仙子) by people. You know she is a deaf girl, but she is a wise, diligent, charming and energetic girl. She studied very hard and got two degrees of bachelors in university. She was famous as an artist for her wonderful performance. She is deaf and dumb. But how did she get that great achievement and became a successful person? She loves life very much. We should learn from her spirit. Besides her hard working, body language plays a very important part in her life. We are all healthy people, sometimes we can use body language to express ourselves. So we should pay more attention to learning body languages.

Step II  Introduction

T: Now let’s do some TPR (Total Physical Response) activities together, I hope you will enjoy them and have fun as well.

Touch your head / face / eyes / nose / mouth / ears / cheeks / forehead / shoulders / stomach / legs / feet / toes ...

Shake your head / arm / hand ...

Wave your arm / hand ...

Open your eyes / arms /mouth ...

Close your eyes / mouth ...

Twist your wrist / waist.

Cross your arms / fingers.

Nod your head.    Bow your head.

Make a face to each other.

Bend / cry / shout / scream / smile / laugh ...

T: All right. Now let’s do them a little bit difficult. Let’s play a game together. Those who fail to follow the rule of the game will be dropped out. The game is: “Simon says”. For example, if I say “Simon says, touch your head”, then you touch your head. If not, you shouldn’t touch your head but remain still. Clear? Ready? Now let’s start.

3 or 5 minutes for the game.

T: Ok. It’s time to take up the lesson. Please look at the screen. Let’s take a look at the following gestures:

Gesture  Action Meaning

A handshake    You are welcome.

A clap of hand Come on; be cheerful.

A V-shape of the fore-finger and middle finger May you succeed!

Or congratulations on your success!

A half-closed hand with thumb down I am not in favor of your idea or I’ll have to refuse you.

A wrinkling of the brow in thought or displeasure or a scowl She is worried.

Tears coming out of his eyes. He is very sad.

All smiles on her face She is very happy.

Waving their hands They are waving goodbye to people around.

A hand stretched out forward with strength He is stopping a tank.

People jump with their both hands stretched open in the air. They are cheering for the victory.

T: What are the actions of the above gestures? What do they mean?

S4: The first gesture is a handshake, which means “You’re welcome”.

S5: The second is a handclap, which means “Come on” or “Be cheerful” or something like that.

S6: The third one is a V-shaped posture of the first finger and the middle finger, which suggests a wish for the other or others to succeed.

S7: The fourth is a half-closed hand with the thumb down. It means the one who gives this gesture is against the other’s idea or simply refuses the request.

S8: The fifth is a worried look of a woman. She wrinkles her brows or frowns. It also seems that she scowls. It shows that she is worried or sad. In other words, she is unhappy.

S9: The sixth is a man shedding tears. Tears were running down his cheeks. He is very sad for losing his relatives or sad for his failure.

S10: The seventh is a smiling face. It is easy to see that she is very happy.

S11: The eighth is a gesture of waving hands. They are waving goodbye to people who are around to see them off.

S12: The ninth is a hand stretched out forward with great strength. The boy is trying to stop a tank from entering into his homeland.

S13: The tenth is hands stretched out upward. They are all very cheerful. They are wild with joy; maybe they have just won a game. So we can see that they are cheering for their victory.

T: You have all done a good job. So you see that there are many cases or situations in which body language can convey meanings as well as spoken or written languages. If you want to know more about it, let’s come to Unit 4 Body Language.

Step Ⅲ Practice

T: Look at Page 25.

What are these people communicating?

Step Ⅳ Time for Fun

T: Now let’s play a game in groups of four. One thinks of a situation and asks the others to show some actions using body language. When the one chooses the action that is most likely, it is his or her turn to think of some other situation for the others to show the actions so that the game may go on for a few rounds. Clear?

Ss: Yes. That’s funny!

T: Try to make the situations as interesting and enjoyable as you can. And show the situation as lively as possible. Besides, make sure that everyone has a turn.

Ss: All right.

S1: What are you likely to do if it rains?

(Actions) S2: reads a book;

S3: puts on a raincoat;

S4: cleans the house.

S1: Ok. I think S3 seems the most likely, so it is his turn.

S3: What are you likely to do if the river floods?

(Actions) S1: runs away as fast as he can;

S2: helps the younger or elder to escape as soon as possible;

S4: climbs on to a tree.

S3: Ok. I think S2 seems the most likely, so it is her turn.

S2: What are you likely to do if the house catches fire?

(Actions) S1: fetches some water;

S3: tries to put it out with blooms;

S4: runs away as quickly as he can.

S2: Ok. I think S4 seems the most likely, so it is his turn.

S4: What are you likely to do if you meet with a fierce dog?

(Actions) S1: remains where he is and bends down, looking at the dog;

S3: tries to scare it away with small stones;

S4: runs away as quickly as possible.

S2: Ok. I think S1 seems the most likely, so we all have done a good job.

T: Yes. I couldn’t agree with you. Now, one more group.

Step V Role Play (Speaking task on P67)

T: Now, there’s still a little time left. Let’s come to Speaking Task on Page 67.

Homework

1. Team work: Discuss the importance of body language.

2. Go over the Reading:

篇3：高一英语unit1课件

高一英语unit1课件

Unit 1 Good Friends

Teaching aims and demands:

a、Achieve language skills and related knowledge about the topic of friends and friendship;

b、Learn to express likes and dislikes and make apologies

c、Vocabulary in this unit:

the words and expressions listed on the teacher’s book

d、Grammar:

Direct and indirect speech

Lesson 1

Step 1 Presentation and discussion (warm-up)

Put some new words on the blackboard and tell them something about a friend。

Kind honest brave loyal happy wise strong

beautiful handsome rich smart funny

Then ask some questions around the class and discuss with them。

What should a good friend be like?

What qualities should a good friend have?

Should they be funny， smart and strong?

Step 2 Reading

Ask the students to read the dialogue in the part SPEAKING。 Ask some questions:

1。What doesn’t John like?

2。What does Joe think of music and skiing?

And then fill in the form on page 3。

Then ask the students to express their ideas freely。 Encourage the students to say more about friends。

Step 3 Listening

Ask the students to listen to the tape and fill in the blanks in the listening part。

Step 4 Talking/Practice

Ask the students to page 85。 Make a similar dialogue as in exercise 2。

Some useful expressions :

Why did you…? Why didn’t you…? You said that you would…

Please forgive me。 You promised to … I’m very sorry… It won’t happen again。 I forgot。

Step 5 Homework

Finish Exercise 3 in the workbook。

Lesson2

Step1 Revision

Ask several students to present a speech about friends as a revision。

Step 2 Pre-reading

Present the students a picture to illustrate the situation on a lonely island。 Ask them to list three items in the box and ask them to give the reasons using the sentences listed on page3。

Step 3 Reading

Before asking the students to read the text， first give the students a brief introduction about Tom Hanks， his films and the film Cast Away。

Then students read the text， and answer the following questions。

1。How does Chuck Noland come to a deserted island?

2。 In order to survive on the island alone， what does he need to learn?

3。 What does he understand at last?

4。 For us， what lesson we can learn from Chuck?

At the same time explain the language points if necessary。

Step 4 Post-reading

Discuss the following questions in the Part POST-READING。

Step 5 Homework

Prepare a talk about Tom Hanks or something about one of his film。

Lesson3

Step 1 Revision

Get the students to give a talk about Tom Hanks or something about one of his films。

Step 2 Language Study

Ask the students fill in the blanks with proper words。

Step 3 Grammar

Illustrate to the students the use of Direct and Indirect Speech。

Then ask the students to do the exercise in the Part Grammar on P5。

Step 4 Practice

Ask the students to act the exercise2 in the part Grammar out。

Step 5 Homework

Ask the students to finish the exercise2 in their workbook。

Lesson4

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework。

Step 2 Presentation

Present simples of e-mail to get the students a general idea of e-mail。

Step 3 Explanation

Tell the students some tips of writing an e-mail by learn the above e-mail simple。

Step 4 Writing

Ask the students to write an e-mail message。

Step 5 Homework

Ask the students to try to write an e-mail to their e-pal。

篇4：英语必修二unit1课件

一、教学目标：

1. 能听懂、会说“Hello,.”,向他人打招呼。

2. 能认读单词hello,boat,coat，感受它们所含有的共同元音音素/ou/。

3. 能模仿录音中的语音、语调、熟练地说唱、表演小韵文。

4. 能得体地与人打招呼、问候。

二、教学重难点

1.学习打招呼用语“Hello,

2.熟练、准确地说出小韵文。

三、教学准备

教学课件，图片等

四、教学过程

【Listen and say】

1.导入

(1)教师亲切地和学生打招呼

Hello, boys and girls!引出

hello让学生初步感受这个单词的读音。并请同学们和老师热情地打招呼。

(2)和同学打招呼I’m your English teacher. I’m Miss Qu. So you can say hello,Miss Qu!。

What’s your name?学生说出自己的名字，和教师打招呼，和同学打招呼，教师进一步让学生练习hello。

(3)与本册书主角见面教师展示本书主角照片：Lingling，Yangyang，Baobao，Maomao，Guoguo等，让学

生们和他们打招呼。

2.学习对话一

(1)认识场景和人物

教师出示并引导学生观察第一幅主题图，设置新情景，

Today is Maomao’s first day in school. He meets new friends.

请学生观看第一段对话内容，观察人物并引导学生注意听两个人物的对话内容。

What do they say?学生重复对话内容。

(2)初听理解对话

播放对话，请学生听一听。

请学生重复对话。

(3)听录音模仿跟读

播放对话录音，请学生进一步听清、理解对话内容。

教师反复播放对话录音，请学生模仿录音中的语音、语调，进行跟读练习。

(4)在小组内分角色练习。

(5)小组展示。

3.学习对话二

(1)认识场景和人物增加Miss Wang和其他小朋友，走入教室的场景。

(2)初听理解对话

播放动画，鼓励学生说出听到的内容。

(3)听录音模仿

重放对话录音，请学生边听边看主题图，进一步听清、理解对话内容。

请学生模仿录音中的语音、语调。

(4)在小组内分角色练习。

(5)小组展示。

【Let’s act】

1.在小组内分角色表演对话部分并展示。

2.设置情景

同学们进入校园，互相打招呼。

【Point and say】

1.引入

教师说我们都认识了好朋友，那hello也认识了一些好朋友，

你们猜猜他们是谁呢？

2.词汇学习

(1)听并跟读模仿

(2)初步理解词义

呈现大量图片，帮助学生理解词义。力求形式多样、丰富多彩。

3.语音训练

(1)教师示范朗读因素/ou/及单词，请同学边听边看教师的口型。

(2)请学生关注o,oa的'发音，/ou/-hello/ou/-boat/ou/-coat尝试认读单词go

4.游戏

What is missing？

5. TPR

学生拍手说单词。

【Let’s say】

1.学习歌谣

(1)老师通过上个环节的律动，组成歌谣内容，学生看老师的动作，说出老师表演

的词汇。

(2)听歌谣录音，尝试说出歌谣中所听到的内容，教师将学生所说内容绘画于黑板。

(3)教师呈现歌谣的情景，学生再次理解歌谣。

2.说唱并表演歌谣

3.歌谣展示

教师给予激励评价。

【I can introduce】

请台下同学和台上的同学们打招呼。

例如：Hello,…

五、Homework

1.常规听读15~20分钟。

2.制作P3的三张小卡片。

3.背诵并表演歌谣。

篇5：英语必修一unit1课件

英语必修一unit1课件

英语必修一unit1课件

一、教学内容：

Unit 1 of Module I Period Three（Grammar）

二、目标与要求

1、学习一般现在时态和现在进行时态。

2、一般现在时态和现在进行时态表达将来的动作。

3、对比一般现在时态和现在进行时态，掌握它们的用法和区别，进一步强化学生对该语法项目掌握的熟练程度和运用能力。

三、语法讲解

一般现在时

（一）时态构成：

一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-es。

（二）时态的用法：

1、表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态和现阶段的习惯

常用的时间状语有：often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday 等。如：

He is always ready to help others.

The students have sports at five every afternoon.

Does he work hard?

2、表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理

Three plus two is five.

A plane is faster than a car.

China is in Asia.

Light travels faster than sound.

3、在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中

主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来动作。如：

I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.

She'll go to see him as soon as she arrives.

When they come, they'll tell you something important.

4、在含宾语从句的复合句中

尽管主句用过去时态，但如果宾语从句所述内容是客观真理，从句谓语动词仍然用一般现在时。如：

The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east.

5、表示已经安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态

一般用be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等动词。如：

My birthday falls on May 2.

The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.

His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m.

6、图片说明、电影说明、解说戏剧内容及场景

动词常用一般现在时。如：

Scene 1 ( Mary and Miss Green are in the professor's room-a large ,pleasant room with many books. There is a big desk near the window. )

7、几个由here, there 开头的句子

动词用一般现在时表示现在正在进行的动作。如：

There goes the bell. Let's hurry.

Here comes the teacher.

现在进行时：

（一）现在进行时的构成

现在进行时由助动词be(am, is, are)+现在分词构成。am 用于第一人称单数，is用于第三人称单数， are用于其他各人称。

（二）现在进行时的用法

1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作

The boys are reading magazines.

Are the students dancing?

Mr. Green is talking with Jim in the classroom.

2）表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作（尽管此时此刻该动作并不在进行中）

-What's he doing this week?

-He is translating a novel.

They are learning Chinese in Beijing.

I'm working for an American company.

3）现在进行时常与副词always, constantly 等连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的`动作，含有说话者的赞扬、不满、讨厌、遗憾等情绪。如

The girl is always smiling happily.

You're always making the same mistake.

She's constantly changing her mind. 她经常改变主意

4）用进行时表示过程

It's getting cold. 天气变得越来越冷

The leaves on the trees are turning brown.

She's finding that chemistry is much more difficult than physics.

她渐渐感到化学比物理难学。

5）现在进行时可用来表示按计划安排即将发生的动作（见一般将来时有关讲解）

注意：英语里有些动词一般不用于进行时，它们在新教材里也被称为静态动词。

①表示知觉的动词，如see, hear, smell, taste, notice, feel 等；

②表示态度和感情的动词，如believe, agree, like, hate, want, think 等；

③一些不表示具体动作而表示某种抽象的关系或概念的动词，如have, depend, seem（似乎）, belong to（属于）, consist（组成）, possess（拥有，占有）等。

但当这些动词的词义改变时便可用于进行时。试比较：

I feel sick.

The doctor is feeling my pulse.

I can't see anything in the bowl.

Tom is seeing his friend off at the airport.

【家庭作业】

1. Exercises 2.3.4 of Lesson 1 on Page 54.

2. Exercises 1.2.3.4 of Lesson 3 on Page 58.

篇6：英语必修五unit1课件

一. Analysis of the teaching materials教学内容分析

课题：Book5 Unit1----John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”(Reading)

本课是一篇阅读课文，出自人民教育出版的高中英语学生用书必修五。在第一节课Warming up里面初步接触和了解了不同领域的科学家们对人类的贡献及其成果;并且在Pre-reading里通过若干问题的讨论，学生初步了解得出科学观点所需的过程。在此基础上，本节课介绍英国著名医生John Snow如何通过考察、分析、探究的科学方法，发现并控制霍乱这种传染病。通过阅读课文，使学生感悟科学家的周密观察、勇于探索、认真分析的科学精神，以及了解科学发现的全过程具有科学的严密性，培养学生的逻辑分析能力。还通过各种课堂活动的开展，进一步培养学生准确获取信息、归纳文章大意以及运用文章内容，准确使用目标语表达的能力。

二. Analysis of the students学情分析

教学对象是高二学生，他们的英语基础知识和基本技能都是一般水平，而且他们普遍存在被动学习的`现象。因此，调动学生学习的积极性，设计针对不同层面学生的学习任务，引导学生通过思考、分析、讨论、归纳、交流、合作等方式进行扎实有效的学习是本节课教学的关键。

三. Learning Method学法指导

根据新课标的基本理念，给学生不同难度的教学任务，让学生有充分表达自己的机会。积极引导学生参与课堂活动，让学生在合作中学习、在体验中学习，形成自主学习和小组讨论结合的学习方法，运用有效的学习策略提高学习效率。合理调动各个层次学生的学习积极性和主动性，从而提高学生的学习兴趣。

四. Teaching Aims 教学目标

Ability Aim

1) To train the students’ ability in skimming & detailed reading.

2) To train the students’ ability of summarizing a passage.

Knowledge Aim

To lead the students to get some information on the steps of a scientific research through reading.

3. Emotional Aim

1).Get the students to adapt the scientific spirit in their pursuit of knowledge.

2). Develop the students’ ability of group cooperation and pair work.

五.Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点

1). Understand the spirit of science and scientists.

2). Understand the details of each stage in examining a new scientific idea.

3). Make up a dialogue according to a certain situation and the content of this passage.

六.Teaching method 教学方法

1) Communicative Approach交际教学法;

2) Task-based Approach任务型语言教学法;

3) Cooperative Learning Approach合作学习教学法.

七. Teaching Aids 教具准备

Multi-media and the blackboard

八.Teaching Procedures 教学过程

Step I Revision (2 minutes)

1)Present the students a guessing game for them to review the great scientists and their contribution.

2) Review the ways of doing a scientific research.

Step II Reading (25minutes)

Let the students read through the whole passage and finish the required task and help them to have a better understanding of the article by providing some background information and analysis.

Task1 Skimming

Ask the students to look at the title and find out “Who, what”. Then read quickly to find out “when, where”.

Task 2 Detailed reading

The students are required to find out the detailed information according to the steps of a scientific research.

1) What is the problem? ------The cholera was the most deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

2) Make up a question: Which theory to believe in?

Idea 1: Cholera multiplied in the air without reason. A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.

Idea 2: People absorbed it with their meals.

3) What method did he use? ----- A map of the Broad Street

Teacher should help the students to analyse the map, For the map is the most valuable clue about the cause of the disease.

4) Analyse the results ---- What happened to the pump water?

5) Collect results ---- The water was from the river which had been polluted by the dirty water from London.

6) Find supporting evidence: What extra evidence did he find?

Key: Two other deaths. A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also

died.

7) Draw a conclusion with certainty ----- The polluted water carried the disease.

Task 3 Comprehending

Ask the students to number the events in the order that they happened to help them recall the

content of the passage.

Step III Summary (7 minutes)

1) Analyse the style of the passage.---- Narration

2) Summarize the content of the passage using about 30 words.

Ask some students to present their answers and give them advice to correct it. Then give a sample answer.

Step IV Reading and Speaking (10 minutes)

Part A 模仿朗读

请听课文录音(Paragragh 1)，并跟读课文，注意语音、语调和停顿。

Part B 角色扮演

角色：Anne and Jenny

情景：Anne向Jenny了解John Snow的故事

任务：请你扮演Anne，根据中文提示提问，你的同桌扮演Jenny，回答你的提问。

你知道有关John Snow 的故事吗?

2. 在那个年代，霍乱很可怕吗?

3. 他认为霍乱的起因是什么?

4. 他怎样证明(prove)自己的观点?

5. 他得出什么结论?

Sample dialogue:

1. Q: Do you know anything about John Snow?

A: Yes, John Snow was a famous doctor in London. He defeated “ King Cholera”.

2. Q: Was cholera very terrible in his day?

A: Yes, it was the most deadly disease at that time.

3. Q: What did he think was the cause of cholera?

A: He thought that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.

4. Q: How did he prove his theory?

A: He marked on a map the exact place where all the dead people had lived, which gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.

5. Q: What conclusion did he draw?

A: He drew a conclusion that polluted water carried the virus.

Step V Homework (1minutes)

1 Read the passage fluently.

2. Act out the Role Play with your partner after class.

九. The design of the blackboard 板书设计

Unit 1 Great Scientists

---- John snow defeats “ King Cholera ”

1. Who Summary

2. What ――→ Narration

3. When

4. Where

-

Speaking ---- Part B

Q1 Do you … ?

Q2 Was cholera… ?

Q3 What did he think was… ?

Q4 How did he… ?

Q5 What… ?

篇7：高一英语必修四语法课件

Unit 1

1.mean doing sth. 意味着; mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事;

mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 be meant for 打算作……用;

2.take place 发生；举行

3.of all kinds 各种各样的

4.starve to death饿死 be starved of 缺乏, starve for sth, starve to do,渴望

5.plenty of 大量; 充足

6.be satisfied with感到满意 to one’s satisfaction感到满意是

7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人

8.in the shape of呈…的形状，以…的形式

9.in memory of/ to the memory of sb.纪念某人

10.dress up 穿上最好的衣服;打扮,化装

11.award sth.(to sb.)和award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予、颁奖 reward sb. for sth. 因 …奖赏某人； reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人

12. admire sb. for sth在某方面钦佩某人

13.look forward to期望，期待，盼望

14,have fun with(与某人)玩得开心;过得快乐 ( have a good time, enjoy oneself.)

15. turn up.来；出现;把(收音机等)音量开大些 turn down 拒绝; turn off 关掉; turn on 打开; turn out 结果是...... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助

16．keep one’s word 守信用； break one’s word, 失信

17．It be obvious that-clause 显而易见；一目了然 18．set off 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸; set in开始; set up建立，创立 ; set out to do = set about doing sth.着手做 set down 写下，记下 19．remind sb. of sth. 提醒，使想起

Unit 2

1.a healthy diet健康饮食;

a balanced diet平衡的饮食

2.in different way用另外方式

3.most often最经常

4.feel frustrated感到沮丧

5.by lunchtime到午餐时间

6.must have happened一定发生过

7.at the end of the street在街道的尽头

8.be tired of 厌倦

9.be amazed at sth. 对...感到惊奇

10.throw away扔掉

11.get away with 逃脱

12.tell lies说谎

13.energy-giving food提供热量的食物

body-building foods提供营养的食物

14feel fit保持精力旺盛

15.the weakness of the diet饮食的弱点

the strength of the diet饮食的优点

16.do some research into做一些...方面的研究

17.earn one’s living谋生

18.be in debt负债

19.glare at怒视

20.move round绕过

21.spy on在暗中侦察；打探

22.upset sb.使......不安

23.look ill 感到不舒服feel sick感到恶心

24.heavy food不易消化的食物

25.chat(ting) about聊起关于......

26.serve with用......配

27.rather than而不是

28.cut down减少

29.before long不久

Unit 3

1. know about 了解关于…事

2. make a bet  打赌

3. win or lose the bet 在打赌中赢或输

4.  have bad luck运气不好

5. step inside 走进里面

6. lead the way带路

7. I wonder if 我想知道是否…

8. go right ahead说下去

9. as a matter of fact事实上

10. by accident偶然

11. sail out of the bay 驶出海湾

12. stare at 盯着

13. towards nightfall  到夜幕降临时

14. carry … out to sea 把…带到了大海

15. give oneself up for lost因为迷路而绝望

16. work as an unpaid hand免费劳动

17. account for 导致

18. to be honest 坦白地说

19. your idea of some kind of joke你认为的一种笑话

20. be on my way  上路

21. show sb. out  把某人带出去

22. be confident about对… 自信

23. the cost of a journey  旅行费用

24. give sb. a ride  让某人搭车

25. lose one’s patience 失去耐心

26. do fifty jumps without stopping 不间断地连续跳五十下

27. fall over  跌到

28. account for your behaviour  对你的行为做出解释

29. be jealous of the others’ success 嫉妒别人的成功

30. show a willingness to do sth.表示乐意做谋事

31. stay out of jail免坐牢

32. be reserved 被预定了

33. take the gentleman’s order  让那位绅士点菜

34. the look on the waiter’s face 服务员脸上的表情

35. take a chance 碰碰运气

36. read the bill  看帐单

37. in a rude manner  用粗鲁的方式

Unit 4

1. think of…as 把……看作是

2．a cloud of energetic dust具有能量的尘埃

3. combine into…合成……

4. move around the sun环绕太阳运转

5. become violent变得激烈

6. the solid surface固体表面

7. explode loudly猛烈爆炸

8. in time及时，最终

9. produce the water vapor产生水蒸汽

10. make the earth’s atmosphere构成了地球的大气层

11.cool down冷却

12. on the surface在表面

13. be different from…与……不同

14.go round the sun环绕太阳运转

15. disappear from…从……消失

16. stay on…存留在……

17. show one’s quality显现某人的特性,

18.dissolve harmful gases分解，溶解有害气体,

19. become part of…变成……的一部分,

20. develop life发展生命,

21.grow in the water在水里生长,

22. encourage the development of…鼓励……的发展,

23 millions of years later几万年以后,

24.live on land在陆地上生活,

25. live in the sea在海里生存,

26. grow into forests长成森林,

27. produce young生出幼仔,

28. lay eggs下蛋,

29.animals with hands and feet长着手脚的动物,

30.spread all over the earth遍布全世界,

31.develop new methods发展了新的方法,

32.. move around迁徙,

33. go by过去，推移,

34.prevent…from…防止……做……,

35.escape from… into…从……逃离到……,

36.depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……,

37. solve a problem解决

38 be lucky enough足够幸运,

39 make a trip 去旅行

40. visit the moon参观月球,

41. in the spaceship在太空飞船中,

42. explain to… that…向……解释……,

43. on the journey在旅程中,

44 be off启程,

45 rise into the air升人太空,

46. feel the pull of the earth感觉到地球的拉力,

47call…gravity称……为地球引力,

48. push…into the seat把……推向座位,

49. say…to each other向彼此说……,

50.fall back to…朝……落下去,

51.fall from a tree从树上掉下来,

52. fall to the ground朝地上落下去,

53. get close to…接近……,

54 cheer up高兴起来,

55 float weightlessly around失重飘来飘去,

56 in the spaceship cabin太空船舱,

57. watch…do看着……做,

58. move freely自由的活动,

59. climb down the steps从梯级上爬下来,

60. step forward向前迈步,

61.fall over摔倒,

62. need practice需要练习

63..get the hang of…掌握了……的诀窍,

64. enjoy oneself感到自如,

65. leave the moon’ s gravity摆脱月球引力

66. come back to…回到……

Unit 5

1. frost on the ground地上覆盖了一层薄霜

2. around noon中午时分,

3. the most wealthy and biggest city in Canada加拿大最大最富有的城市

4.  leave for…离开去……

5. go on a tour of the city继续在市内游览一番

6.  go up the tower登上塔顶

7. look across the lake俯瞰湖面

8.  flow into…流人……

9.  flow over…流经……

10.  on one’s way to…在去……的路上

11. a covered stadium加顶的运动场

12. walk north向北走

13. phone… from a telephone booth到电话亭给……打电话

14. have dinner in downtown Chinatown在市内的中国城吃晚饭

15. move to…移居到……

16. meet… at…在……迎接……

17. get good Cantonese food吃到好吃的广东菜

18. come from South China来自中国南方

19. go as far as Ottawa去到远至渥太华

20. about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto距多伦多东北大约有400公里

21. take too long花费的时间长

22. at dawn黎明

23. at the train station在火车站

24. have English words in small letters有小字体的英文标注

25. go downtown到市区去

26. be close to…,接近……

27. spend the afternoon in the lovely shops整个下午在可爱的商店

28. visit… in…在……拜访……

29. sit in a café坐在咖啡馆

30.  look over…眺望……

31. sit down with…和……坐在一起

32. on a train trip across…坐着火车上横穿……

33. have a French culture具有法国文化

34. speed along the river toward…沿着河流驶向……

35.  dream of…梦想……

36. on a trip在旅途中)

37.  on the Atlantic coast在大西洋海岸

38.  take the aeroplane乘飞机

39.  fly from… to…从……飞行到……

40.  take the train from… to…乘火车从……到……

41.  from west to east从西到东

42.  across Canada横穿加拿大

43.  cross the whole country横贯整个国家

44.  at the airport在机场

45.  take…to…把……带到……

46.  catch the train乘坐火车

47.  on the way to…在去……的路上

48.  see great scenery看美丽壮观的风景

49. on the trip在旅途中

50. go eastward向东行驶

篇8：高一英语必修四语法课件

必修三

Unit1 Festivals around the world

1.基础梳理

clothing  beauty  harvest  celebration  hunter  starve  daily  origin  religious  ancestor  Mexico belief  poet  arrival  gain  independence  gather  produce  agricultural  parade  cherry  custom  Christian  carnival  worldwide  necessity  parking  apologize  sadness  obvious  wipe  magipe  weep  announcer  remind  herd  Valentine’s Day  look forward to  turn up  day and night  keep one’s word  hold one’s breath

2.词语归纳

1）starve

作不及物动词，表示“饿死，挨饿”。

starve for=be starve of/for，表示“渴望获得，迫切得到”。

2）plenty

作不可数名词，只用于肯定句中，表示“充足，大量，富裕”，可做主语，宾语或表语。

做主语时，谓语动词随着plenty所指的单复数形式作相应的变化。

plenty也可作副词，表示“充分地，十足地，好多”。

in plenty表示“大量的，丰富，充裕”可作表语，定语，状语。

3）satisfy

作及物动词，表示“满意，使满足”，直接跟宾语，若接that从句时，意思是“使相信”，从句前有间接宾语。

satisfywith以满足

be satisfied with对满足

satisfyfor向偿还

be satisfied to do sth满足于做某事

4）harm

作名词，意为“损害”，不与不定冠词连用，常与do，come，mean等动词搭配。

do more harm than good弊大于利

There’s no harm in（sb’s）doing sth=It does no harm for sb to do sth做某事无害处

作及物动词，表示“损害，伤害”。

5）lead

作及物动词，表示“领导，引导”其宾语常接介词短语或者副词作宾补。

表示“影响，致使”时，后接介词to，也可以接不定式。

lead sb into使某人陷入某种不良的状态。

lead sb away使盲从，常用于被动语态。

lead nowhere毫无结果，，对不起作用。

lead up to sth作为准备，导致。

lead sb by the nose牵着某人的鼻子，完全操纵某人

lead a dog’s life过困难的生活

lead sb believe that使某人相信（假的事情或不确切的事情）

lead the way带路，带头

lead作为名词，give sb a lead给某人做出榜样，提示某人

6）origin

是名词，表示“起源，起因，出身”。

be of origin起源于，出身于

7）event

是名词，表示“事变，事件”，既可以指历史上的，国际上的，国内的大事件，也可以指日常事件,复数形

式还可以指事态的发展和结局。

也可以指体育比赛中的“项目”。

常见词组：at all events/in every event总之，无论如何，不管怎样

in the event结果，终于 in the event of万一，如果，倘若 in that event若果那样的话

8）dress

作及物动词，表示“给穿衣”，后接人作宾语，也可以做不及物动词，表示“穿上衣服，穿着衣服”。 dress up穿上盛装，打扮

dress作不可数名词，表示“衣服”；作可数名词，表示“妇女及儿童的衣服”。

dress sth up修饰，掩饰

9）trick

play a trick on sb=play sb a trick开某人的玩笑，诈骗某人

do/turn the trick达到（预期的）目的，获得成功。

have a/the trick of doing sth（有）做的习惯/癖好。

be up to tricks，be at one’s tricks玩鬼把戏，闹恶作剧

trick可以做动词，trick sb into doing骗某人去做某事  trick sb out of骗取某人

10）memory

是名词，表示“记忆”时，接for而不接of。

复数形式memories可表示往事。

in memory of纪念，一般表示对死者的纪念。

lose one’s memory“失去记忆”，可能永远也想不起来；而slip sb’s memory指一般想不起来，可能不知道什么时候又想起。

within one’s memory=within the memory of表示“记忆所及的时间”。

11）gain

作及物动词，表示“获得”，指经过努力取得有价值的东西或想要的东西。

也可以表示“增加，增进；（钟，表）走得快”。

作不及物动词，表示“获得利益，增加，改善”。

作名词表示“收获，利益，增加”。常用的词组有“gain in增加  gain over说服  gain on sb/sth赶上

12）gather

作及物动词，意为“搜集，采集，恢复，积累，加速”。还可以表示“推断，得出（印象，想法”后常接从句。

作不及物动词，表示“聚集，群集”。

常用的词组有：gather oneself together振作精神  gather oneself up集中全力，鼓起勇气

13）admire

作及物动词，只能接名词或者代词作宾语，不能接宾语从句。

admire to do高兴做admire sb for sth在某方面钦佩某人  admire at对感到羡慕，对感到惊讶

14）forward

作副词，表示“向前地，向未来”。

look forward to盼望，期待  push one’s way forward挤着向前走  come forward走出来

put forward提出  backward and forward来回

forward作形容词，表示“在前面的'，热心参与的”。

作名词，表示“（足球，曲棍球的）前锋”。

作动词，表示“转递，增进，发送，提高”。

15）take place

表示“发生”有计划的，有目的的，有准备的发生，是不及物动词，无宾语，不能用于被动语态。 区别take place，happen，break out：

take place有计划的发生，多指运动，变化，进步，会议，婚礼等。

happen偶然发生或者意外事件的发生。

break out表示“突然发生，爆发”，强调出人意料，多指地震，火灾，火山，战争，疾病，瘟疫等的突然发生。

take one’s place表示“代替某人，执政，上台”。

take the place of表示“取代，代替”。

16）fool的短语

make fool of欺骗，捉弄  act/play the fool 瞎胡闹，逗乐

fool around/about无所事事，胡混  fool out of骗走  fool away把（时间）胡混掉  fool with胡摆弄

17）apologize

apologize to sb for doing sth因为做了某事向某人道歉

make an apology to sb for doing sth道歉

18）drown

表示“淹死，淹没，浸泡，沉浸于”。

drown one’s sorrow in drink借酒消愁

drown sth out淹没

19）wipe

wipe sth from/off sth把从上擦掉/擦净。

wipe out擦拭（盆，碗等的）内部，除去，消灭，摧毁。

wipe over 再擦一遍。

wipe the floor with sb（在辩论中，竞赛中）把某人打得一败涂地。

20）weep

weep about为而哭泣  weep at看到/听到而哭泣  weep away一直哭

weep for/over因而哭泣  weep out哭着抒发掉

21）forgive

作及物动词，表示“原谅，赦免”，有时可以接双宾语。

forgive sb for doing sth原谅某人做某事

22）有关word的短语：

give one’s word许诺  break one’s word to失信于  have a ward with sb和某人交谈

have words with sb和某人吵架  have word听到消息  eat one’s word认错，道歉

go back on one’s word食言  put in/say a good word for sb为某人说好话相助

say the word发指令，发信号  in short words简言之  in other words换句话说

in a/one word总之  word for word逐字地，一字不差地  by word of mouth口头上

without a word什么也没说

23）有关breath的短语：

catch one’s breath屏息  drawn breath歇口气  drawn one’s first/last breath出生/死亡

get one’s breath恢复正常呼吸  lose one’s breath气喘吁吁  save one’s breath不必浪费口舌

take one’s breath away使某人吃惊  waste one’s breath白费唇舌  out of/short of breath喘不过气，上气不接下气

24）set off

“出发，起程”，还可以表示“使爆炸，激发”。

有关set的短语：

set up建立，树立，创立 set forth出发，起程，公布  set out开始，着手，出发

set about着手，试图，开始  set fire to点火  set to doing sth开始做某事

setaside把放在一边  set sth down记下来  setfree将释放

25）as though

表示“好像，似乎”，引导的从句谓语动词多用于虚拟语气。

如果as though从句中所叙述的情况是事实或有可能发生，也可用于陈述语气。

其后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词，动词不定式，形容词（短语），介词短语或分词。

还可以表示感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设或推测表示不赞成，惊讶，不满和厌恶等。

3.语法

情态动词

定义:

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。

情态动词后面加动词原形。

分类：

情态动词有四类：

①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to

②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare

③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would)

④具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to

位置:

情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。

特点：

情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “not”。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想。

除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：

1） 除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式。

2） 情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一。

3） 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式。

4） 情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词。

5） 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间。

6） 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用。

用法

首先它是动词，而且不同于行为动词，行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作（如写，读，跑），而情态动词只是表达的一种想法（如能，也许，敢）。

用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。

情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:

can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.

功能

助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词

有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词基本的有十四个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to,had better 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能。

1） 构成否定式。

2） 构成疑问式或附加疑问式。

3） 构成修辞倒装。

4） 代替限定动词词组。

can和could的用法

1. 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。

注意：①could也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。

②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。

2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）

3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。

4. 用在疑问句及否定句中，表示惊讶，不相信等。

5. cannottooenough表示“无论怎样也不过分”，“越越好”。

may和might的用法

1. 表示许可。

表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时(口语中常用) no , you can’t . or , yes, please 用mustn’t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)。

用May I征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。

2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。

3. 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。

4. “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。

must和have to的用法

1. 表示必须、必要。（must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些）

回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to。

2. “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

3. “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

4. have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同：

① must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。

② must一般只表现在，have则有更多的时态形式。

③ 二者的否定意义不大相同。

④ 询问对方的意愿时应用must。

注意：have to也可拼做have got to。

dare和need的用法

1. need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。

注意：needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”

2. Dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。

3. Dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。 shall和should的用法

篇9：高一英语必修四语法课件

Unit1

1. take place：发生take place of 代替，取代  take place 指有计划安排“发生”“举行”

happen指没有计划安排“发生”

break out 指灾难、战争、疾病突然发生

1. starve ：饥饿starve to death 饿死

starve  for  渴望

be starved of sth.急需，缺乏

1. in memory of 纪念，追念

in charge of 负责，掌管

in search of 寻找

in case of 万一

1. play a trick on sb. 给某人开玩笑（恶作剧）

2. 辨析gain ,win,get,earn,acquire  Gain 指在斗争、竞争中做出很大努力而获得，所得到东西有一点价值

Win  含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得” Get普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能得到

Earn意为“赚的“有得到报酬

Acquire获得，取得一般指经过漫长过程而逐渐获得

1. gather与collectgather 强调分散的东西聚集在一起  collect 对某物进行收集

1. award,prize,reward  award奖励，强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少

prize  指各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中赢得的奖

reward 指对某人的工作或服务等的报答（酬金，赏金） 1. admire:钦佩，admire sb. for sth.

2. look forward to 期待，期望

3. turn up 出现

turn in 上交

turn out 结果是 1. keep one’s word 守信用

2. apologize to sb. for doing/sth. 向某人道歉

3. set off 出发，动身

4. remind sb. of  sth. 使某人想起。。。

remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事

1. while 用法

（1） 当。。。。时候 he fell asleep while he was watching TV

（2） 只要  while there is life ,there is hope

（3） 但是  You like sports,while I like reading

（4） 虽然，尽管while I understand what you say,I can not agree with you Unit 2

1.balanced diet 均衡饮食 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食

2.get away with 被放过，不受惩罚

get away from 逃离 ，离开

get along /on wellwith  相处的很好，进展顺利

get over克服

3.strengh,energy,power,force

Strength 指“体力，力气“

Energy 指 “精力，活力，能量“

Power 指电力，权力，能力

Force  指冲击力，暴力

4.have/get sth,done 让别人做某事（自己不做），主语遭受不好的事情

5.lie 与 lay

Lie 撒谎lied  lied lying

Lie 躺卧laylain lying

Lay 下蛋，摆放laid  laid laying

6.consult sb,sth. 咨询，请教

7.give用法

Give up放弃

Give away 分发，泄露

Give back 归还

Gieve in屈服

Gieve out 散发，消耗，用完

Give off  散发出

8.earn one’s living 谋生

9.in debt 负债

10.glare，stare，glance

Glance 瞥一眼

Stare  凝视 Glance 怒视 11.spy on 暗中检查，侦查

Spy sth. out 查明

12.limit…to… 限制。。。。。。到。。。。。。

13.benefit from 从。。。。。。获益

Have the benefit of 得益与。。。。。

14. conbine与connect

Conbine 合并，联合

Connect  连接，结合

conbine into …  联合成

Conbine …with把。。。。。。与。。。。。。结合起来

1. cut down 削减，删节，夺取。。。。。。生命

cut through 抄近路  cut away 切除cut in插嘴，cut out 删除

cut into 切碎

1. before long与 long befor

before long 不久以后long before 不久以前

1. as,when,while  as 强调主从句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行，从句表示“随着时间推移”时，只能用as.  表示“一边。。。。。。一边。。。。。。”用as

when 使用最广表示“当。。。。。。。时候”

while表示两个延续性动作同时进行有对比意思，不能喝非延续性动词连用

unit3

1.bring up 抚养，培养  take up 占据grow up 长大

2. scene，scenery，view,sight

Scene 用作可数名词，表示“一场”，还可指事物发生地点，景色，景象，布景，场景View表示视野，眼界

Sight 表示“视力，情景”

3.permit sb.to do sth.

Permit doing sth.

4.by accident 偶然

5.spot 发现，认出

Spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事

6.account for 对。。。。。。做出解释

On account of 由于，因为

By all accounts 大家都说

On no account 决不可以

7.seek for 寻找

8.on the contrary 与此相反

篇10：高一必修四数学课件

教学准备

教学目标

1、知识与技能

(1)能根据三角函数的定义，导出同角三角函数的基本关系;(2)能正确运用进行三角函数式的求值运算;(3)能运用同角三角函数的基本关系求一些三角函数(式)的值，并从中了解一些三角运算的基本技巧;(4)运用同角三角函数的基本关系式进行三角函数恒等式的证明。

2、过程与方法

回忆初中所学的几个三角函数之间的关系，用高中所学的同角三角函数之间的关系试着进行证明;掌握几种同角三角函数关系的应用;掌握在具体应用中的一定技巧和方法;理解并掌握同角三角关系的简单变形;提高学生恒等变形的能力，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。

3、情感态度与价值观

通过本节的学习，使同学们加深理解基本关系在本章中的地位;认识事物间存在的`内在联系，使学生面对问题养成勤于思考的习惯;培养学生良好的学习方法，进一步树立化归的数学思想方法。

教学重难点

重点: 同角三角函数之间的基本关系，化简与证明。

难点: 化简与证明中的符号，同角三角函数关系的灵活运用。

教学工具

投影仪

教学过程

【创设情境，揭示课题】

同角三角函数之间的关系我们在初中就已经学过，只不过当时应用不是很多，那么到底有哪些?它们成立的条件是什么?学习实践中，你还发现了哪些关系?今天这节课，我们就来讨论这些问题。

【探究新知】

在初中我们已经知道，对于同一个锐角α，存在关系式：

2.学生课堂练习

教材P66练习1和P67练习2

五、归纳整理，整体认识

(1)请学生回顾本节课所学过的知识内容有哪些?所涉及到主要数学思想方法有那些?

(2)在本节课的学习过程中，还有那些不太明白的地方，请向老师提出。

(3)你在这节课中的表现怎样?你的体会是什么?

六、布置作业

教材P68习题中1—6

课后小结

归纳整理，整体认识

(1)请学生回顾本节课所学过的知识内容有哪些?所涉及到主要数学思想方法有那些?

(2)在本节课的学习过程中，还有那些不太明白的地方，请向老师提出。

(3)你在这节课中的表现怎样?你的体会是什么?

课后习题

作业

教材P68习题中1、6

板书

略

篇11：高一必修四数学课件

教学准备

教学目标

1、知识与技能

(1)掌握任意角的正弦、余弦、正切的定义(包括这三种三角函数的定义域和函数值在各象限的符号);(2)理解任意角的三角函数不同的定义方法;(3)了解如何利用与单位圆有关的有向线段，将任意角α的正弦、余弦、正切函数值分别用正弦线、余弦线、正切线表示出来;(4)掌握并能初步运用公式一;(5)树立映射观点，正确理解三角函数是以实数为自变量的函数.

2、过程与方法

初中学过:锐角三角函数就是以锐角为自变量,以比值为函数值的函数.引导学生把这个定义推广到任意角,通过单位圆和角的终边,探讨任意角的三角函数值的求法,最终得到任意角三角函数的定义.根据角终边所在位置不同,分别探讨各三角函数的定义域以及这三种函数的值在各象限的符号.最后主要是借助有向线段进一步认识三角函数.讲解例题，总结方法，巩固练习.

3、情态与价值

任意角的三角函数可以有不同的定义方法，而且各种定义都有自己的特点.过去习惯于用角的终边上点的坐标的“比值”来定义，这种定义方法能够表现出从锐角三角函数到任意角的三角函数的推广，有利于引导学生从自己已有认知基础出发学习三角函数，但它对准确把握三角函数的本质有一定的不利影响，“从角的集合到比值的集合”的对应关系与学生熟悉的一般函数概念中的“数集到数集”的对应关系有冲突，而且“比值”需要通过运算才能得到，这与函数值是一个确定的实数也有不同，这些都会影响学生对三角函数概念的理解.

本节利用单位圆上点的坐标定义任意角的正弦函数、余弦函数.这个定义清楚地表明了正弦、余弦函数中从自变量到函数值之间的对应关系，也表明了这两个函数之间的关系.

教学重难点

重点: 任意角的正弦、余弦、正切的定义(包括这三种三角函数的定义域和函数值在各象限的符号);终边相同的角的同一三角函数值相等(公式一).

难点: 任意角的正弦、余弦、正切的定义(包括这三种三角函数的定义域和函数值在各象限的符号);三角函数线的正确理解.

教学工具

投影仪

教学过程

【复习回顾】

1、三角函数的定义;

2、三角函数在各象限角的符号;

3、三角函数在轴上角的值;

4、诱导公式(一)：终边相同的角的同一三角函数的值相等;

5、三角函数的定义域.

要求：记忆.并指出，三角函数没有定义的地方一定是在轴上角，所以，凡是碰到轴上角时，要结合定义进行分析;并要求在理解的基础上记忆.

【探究新知】

1.引入：角是一个图形概念，也是一个数量概念(弧度数).作为角的函数——三角函数是一个数量概念(比值)，但它是否也是一个图形概念呢?换句话说，能否用几何方式来表示三角函数呢?

2.边描述边画]以坐标原点为圆心，以单位长度1为半径画一个圆，这个圆就叫做单位圆(注意：这个单位长度不一定就是1厘米或1米).

9学习小结

(1)了解有向线段的概念.

(2)了解如何利用与单位圆有关的有向线段，将任意角

的正弦、余弦、正切函数值分别用正弦线、余弦线、正切线表示出来.

(3)体会三角函数线的简单应用.

1. 作业：

比较下列各三角函数值的大小(不能使用计算器)

(1)

2.练习三角函数线的作图.

课后小结

小结

(1)了解有向线段的概念.

(2)了解如何利用与单位圆有关的有向线段，将任意角

的正弦、余弦、正切函数值分别用正弦线、余弦线、正切线表示出来.

(3)体会三角函数线的简单应用.

课后习题

板书

略

篇12：高一英语必修课件

高一英语必修课件

第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分54分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）

1. He sat at the desk, __________ a novel.

A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads

2. If you cheat in the exam, you could hardly _________ it.

A. throw away B. get away C. get away from D. get away with

3. No potatoes for me—I’m _______ a diet.

A. at B. in C. on D. with

4. The speed of cars and trucks is _____ to 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China.

A. limited B. limiting C. limiting to D. limited to

5. Smoking is a bad habit. You should _________ it.

A. throw away B. get away with C. get rid of D. throw

6. I’m really tired _______ Tom. He had me _________ for two hours in the rain.

A. of, waiting B. with; wait C. of; waited D. with; waited

7. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year. (浙江 )

A. the best B. better C. the most D. more

8. Filled with anger, he didn’t shout or swear, but just ________ silently at me.

A. looked B. stared C. glared D. glanced

9. — Why was Tom scolded by our teacher? — For ________.

A. tell a lie B. telling lies C. told lies D. telling lie

10. — Anything new in the new regulations? — They will be ________ to us all.

A. of great benefit B. do harms C. do many good D. for the benefit

11. Must I get through the business in one evening? No, you ________.

A. mustn’t B. haven’t C. needn’t to D. don’t have to

12. Your article is too long. You must _______ to about 3000 words.

A. cut it off B. cut it up C. cut it down D. cut it into

13. If your knowledge can be in some way _______ with my experiences, we are sure to succeed.

A. joined B. united C. connected D. combined

14. The news was so ____ that all the people present at the meeting were _______ at it.

A. amazing, amazing B. amazed, amazed C. amazing, amazed D. amazed, amazing

15. You ______be sitting in this waiting room, sir. You see, it is for women and children only.

A. oughtn’t to B. dare not C. need not D. will not

第二节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。

Every person needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should contain some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.

People need energy 16 . They eat different kinds of food which change into energy. The energy is 17 in calories. Even when you 18 , you are using energy – about 65 calories an hour. 19 you are at school, or walking home, your body is burning up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you 20 be using 400 calories an hour. On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, 21 as much as 650 calories an hour.

The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is 22 in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in the world. That is 23 lots of people in China have healthy white teeth.

People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat 24 fat and sugar and don’t take enough 25 . Because of this, they 26 weight very easily. Their diet contains a lot of fat in the 27 of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate. They eat a lot of sugar which exist in cakes, soft drinks, 28 and so on. The result is that many of them become fat. 29 some have bad teeth. In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, 30 the age of thirty, has no teeth left.

16. A. for lifeB. to live C. to live withD. for a living

17. A. measuringB. takenC. measuredD. measure

18. A. are asleepB. fall asleepC. go to sleep D. go to bed

19. A. WhileB. DuringC. AsD. If

20. A. mustB. canC. needD. might

21. A. surelyB. usuallyC. perhapsD. hardly

22. A. richB. poorC. goodC. bad

23. A. howB. whyC. whatD. that

24. A. much tooB. many tooC. too manyD. too much

25. A. exercisesB. foodC. workD. exercise

26. A. put onB. gain onC. get onD. put up

27. A. typeB. formC. kindD. sort

28. A. sweetsB. sweetC. candy barD. sweet thing

29. A. ButB. OrC. AndD. So

30. A. atB. forC. withD. by

第三节：阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的'四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。 A．

A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can keep your body strong, so take care of what you eat.

There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy products group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all the four main groups. With all these food together you will be given enough energy during the day.

It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired during these days and you can not think quickly.

Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.

31. Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?

A. Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.B. Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.

C. Corn, fish, cream and pork. D. Rice, beancurd, apples, fish and chicken.

32. Which of the following is a good eating habit?

A. Going to school without any breakfast.B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time.

C. Finishing your lunch in a very short time.

D. Having at least one food from all the four groups each meal.

33. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that ______.

A. every person needs food to grow wellB. taking exercise can keep your body strong

C. right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy

D. enough energy helps people think more quickly

B.

Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food ,get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.

Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白质) ,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (维他命) and minerals. However, don't overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.

Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little a amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的个性).Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.

Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (寿命).Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shapes: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.

If everybody, were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.

34. According to the passage,_________.

A .we should always keep fit

B. if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleep

C. one can eat a lot to stay in good shape

D. one needn't take any exercise if he is healthy

35.In order to keep good health, ___________ .

A. we should eat a lot of sweets B. one needs a large amount of fat

C. people should eat according to the foods nutrition D. we must try to sleep now and then

36. Eating more and sleeping less________.

A. can keep healthy B. is no good for you

C. gets you more energy D. will keep your personality

37.The writer explains ________in this passage.

A. how to eat B. the importance of doing exercise

C. how to keep healthy D. what to eat

38.The title of the article should be___________ .

A. Eating and Exercising B. How Vitamins Work in Man's Body

C. Staying Healthy D. Sleeping Well

C.

Isn't it astonishing how much time we spend talking about food? “Have you ever eaten …?” “What did you have for lunch?” and so on. And yet when you travel from one country to another, you will find that people have quite different feelings about food. People often feel that what they eat is normal (正常) and that what other people eat is strange or silly. In most parts of Asia, for example, no meal is complete without rice. In England, people eat potatoes every day. In the Middle East, bread is the main part of every meal. Eating like so many things we do, becomes a habit which is difficult to change. Americans like to drink a lot of orange juice and coffee. The English drink tea four or five times every day. Australians drink a great deal of beer, and the French drink wine every day.

The sort of meat people like to eat also differs from one country to another. Horse meat is thought to be delicious in France. In Hong Kong, some people enjoy eating snakes. New Zealander eat sheep, but they never eat goat meat. The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat be-cause of its smell, but they enjoy eating raw fish (生鱼).

So it seems that although eating is a topic we can talk about for hours, there is very little common sense in what we say it. People everywhere enjoy eating what they have always eaten, and there is very little we can do to change our eating habits.

39. Which of the following is true according to the article?

A. All people have the same feeling about food.

B. In most parts of Asia, people usually have rice for meals.

C. People often consider other people to be strange or silly.

D. The topic people spend time talking about is bread and meat.

40. People in different countries .

A. drink the same sort of wineB. have the same eating habit

C. eat different kinds of meatD. have the same tea at different time within a day

41. The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat .

A. because they dislike its smellB. because it is too expensive

C. because it is easy to go badD. because they think it will do harm to their health

42. English people drink tea four or five times a day .

A. because they get thirsty easilyB. because there is plenty of tea in Britain

C. because of their drinking habitD. because they have enough time to do so

第二部分：英语技能运用

第一节：根据句子的意思，写出正确的单词，并注意词的正确形式。（共10小题；10分）。

1. He gained all his ________(力量) and was ready for a second try.

2. I patted her _______(温柔地) on the shoulder.

3. It is healthier to keep a b_______ diet every day.

4. This restaurant was not giving its ______(顾客) energy-giving food.

5. ________ (好奇心)drove Wang Pengwei inside Yong Hui’s restaurant.

6. Wang Pengwei stopped worrying and started advertising the _______(好处) of his food.

7. To succeed, we must ___________(结合) talent with working hard.

8. He has been working for a long time, but he is still full of __________.（energetic）

9. You should do some _________(研究) before making the final decision.

10. She is not _________(苗条的)enough to wear these tight trousers.

第二节：用正确的情态动词填空（共5小题；5分）

1. When we are cooking with a gas fire, we ________(can / must) keep the window open.

2. Mr. Joseph has stayed in the US for several years. He _____(may / can) speak English quite well.

3. Jack’s ill, so they ______ (must / have to) change their plans.

4. It _______ (can't / mustn't) be Miss Gao. I know she has gone to Beijing.

5. You say you ________ not do it but I say you ____________ (shall / will)

第三节：根据中文意思完成句子(共5小题；10分)。

1. 我用了一个月才摆脱咳嗽。It took me a month to _____ _____ _____my cough.

2. 她欠我100块钱。 She _______ ________ _______ to me for 100 yuan RMB.

3. 我们应该抛弃考试作弊的坏习惯。We should ________ _________ the bad habit of cheating in the exam.

4.他们没有打架，只是站在那怒视对方。They didn’t fight, but stood there _____ ______ one another.

5．David 靠给报社写文章维生。David ____ _____ ______ by writing articles for newspapers.

篇13：必修四教案unit1 women of achievement (人教版英语高一)

Unit 1 Women of achievement

I．单元教学目标

技能目标Skill Goals

技能目标Skill Goals

Talk about important women & great women

Describe people from their life, personality and character

Word-formation: noun suffix

Subject-verb agreement

Make an outline

II． 目标语言

功

能

句

式 Describing people

What does she look like?

What do you think about...?

Why do you admire her?

How would you describe her?

Why did she choose to...?

What are her strengths?

What are her weaknesses?

How do her friends describe her?

词

汇 1. 四会词汇

achievement, welfare, project, institute, specialist, connection, campaign, organization, behave, shade, worthwhile, nest, nod, observe, outspoken, respect, argue, entertainment, crowd, inspire, support, refer, audience, rate, sickness, intend, emergency, generation, kindness, considerate, consideration, deliver, modest

2. 认读词汇

Elizabeth Fry, Quaker, Nobel Peace Prize, China Welfare Institute, Jane Goodall, chimp, Jody Williams, landmine, Joan of Arc, Gombe National Park, specialize, career, determination, personality

3. 词组

Human beings, move off, lead a …life, crowd in, look down upon, refer to, by chance, come across, carry on

语

法 Word formation: Noun Suffix

Subject-verb agreement

1. Our group are all going to visit the chimps in the forest.

2. Our group includes six boys and five girls.

3. Nobody before has fully understood chimp behavior.

重 点 句 子 Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.

难

句 1. Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.

Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组

1． 教材分析

本单元以女性为主题，以Warming up， Reading，listening的形式对古今中外六位不同女性的成就进行了介绍。其目的在于引导学生了解有什么样人格的人才是伟人；伟人是否是完人；我们在人格上离伟人有多远。这些对学生可起到一定的启发作用，使他们能以这些伟人为榜样，并坚定信念，塑造自我，创造未来。在这样一个主题之下，有两个值得让学生思考的问题：一，什么样的人是伟人，什么样的人是名人。在当今社会，不少人以一个人的经济能力为标准来衡量他的社会地位，乃至于幸福程度。让学生弄明白这一点是非常重要的。它可以引导学生树立正确的世界观和人生观。二，一个人的成就是否由性别来定。这就涉及到了男女平等的问题。通过本单元的学习，学生们可以深切地感受到无论男女，只要对他人有无私的爱心，对事业有坚定的信心，并不懈地为之倾注心血，都能成就一番事业。

1.1 Warming up中的材料是古今中外六位杰出女性的简介。这部分要求学生通过讨论来区分伟人与名人。其作用有二：一是统领全单元主题，二是引导学生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。教师在这一点上要起到引导作用而不是简单的说教。

1.2 Reading 这部分由Pre-reading，Reading和Comprehending三部分组成。Reading一文介绍了Jane Goodall与其同事们在非洲森林里的一天，并由此引出她的工作方法及其所取得的成就。同时阐明了她的观点，即要理解、尊重和保护动物。Pre-reading部分提出了两个问题：Why do you think Jane Goodall went to Africa to study chimps rather than to a university？和Do you think her work is important？Why？这两道题给了学生这样的提示：在研究动物时如何体现科学与人道的结合。

Comprehending中针对课文内容从细节到中心思想，由浅入深地设计了练习题，可帮助学生真正了解Jane Goodall 及其所从事的事业。

1.3 Learning about Language 这部分包含两方面的内容：词汇和语法。词汇部分主要涉及一些构词法、重点词汇和短语。语法部分是“主谓一致”，重点在如何确定集合名词的数。所有这些项目都设计了相应的练习题，以求通过上下文语境，让学生了解词汇与语法如何具体运用，作到精讲多练。

1.4 Using Language中包含读、听、说和写四个方面的内容，全面体现对英语的综合训练。读的部分介绍了我国著名的妇科病专家--林巧稚。文章的第二段体现了本单元的目标之一：学会运用介绍人物品质的形容词来描述他人的情况。这也为下一步的说与写打下了基础。

1.5 Workbook中包含的听、说、读、写的内容更为丰富，它是对前面所学内容的复习与总结，其设计仍然围绕单元主题。

1.6 Summing Up 部分让学生从内容、词汇和语法结构三方面对本单元进行归纳与总结。词汇部分的小结可以从构词法的角度进行适当的拓宽。Learning Tip部分就人物描写提出了建议，即选取典型事件，抓住人物特征。

2． 教材重组

2.1 从本单元整体结构来看,可将Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading 和Comprehending整合成一堂阅读课。将Warming Up作为导入的内容，然后再处理Pre-reading，Reading和Comprehending。其中以Reading为主。教学形式上以学生讨论为主，教师指导为辅。

2.2 将Learning about Language作为一堂语法课。教学形式以学生练习总结为主，教师可适当扩展并增加一些有关的语法知识。

2.3 将所有听力内容整合成一堂听力课。当然，教师可依情况将其中的任何一、两个作为主要内容，将别的作为泛听内容进行处理。

2.4 将Reading（P6），Speaking（P7）与Talking（P41）整合成一堂口语课。这部分中Reading中的部分内容与Speaking（P7）及Talking（P41）相一致。且Speaking与Talking只是体裁上的不同，内容是一致的，故此三者宜合为一课。

2.5 将Writing（P7）和Writing（P46）整合成一堂写作课，以完成本单元的写作要求。

2.6 将Reading Task（P45），Writing Task（P46），Project（P47）和Summing Up（P8）组合成一堂复习课，对本单元内容进行巩固与完善。

3．课型设计与课时分配

1st period Reading

2nd period Grammar

3rd period Listening

4th period Speaking

5th period Writing

6th period Summary

Ⅳ. 分课时教案

The First Period Reading

Teaching goals 教学目标

1． Target language 目标语言

a. 重点词汇

achievement, welfare, project, institute, specialist, connection, campaign, organization, behave, shade, worthwhile, nest, nod, observe, outspoken, respect, argue,

b. 重点句子

Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.

2． Ability goals 能力目标

a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous women.

b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like and so on.

3． Learning ability goals 学能目标

Teach Ss how to describe a person.

Teaching important points 教学重点

a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects: one is what is the humane way to study animals; the other is that it was her great personality - universal love and mercy（博爱与慈悲 ）that made her successful. If everyone had such kind of heart, they would give everything benefit for all living things. Then our world will be full of love and peace, without any war and starvation.

b. Ask students to answer these questions:

1) What made her a great success?

2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall?

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall.

Teaching methods 教学方法

Inspiration, Questioning and Discussion.

Teaching aids 教具准备

A computer, a projector and a recorder.

Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

StepⅠLead-in

T: Good morning, everyone! Haven’t seen you for a long time. Did you have a good time in your holidays? What did you do during the holidays?

S1: Yes, I had a good time. You know I enjoy movies, sports and other types of entertainment. I saw several favorite films and every afternoon, I would play basketball with my friends.

S2: I would die of boredom. I didn’t know what to do but read. I didn’t know how to relax myself. I just hoped that the new term began. The sooner, the better.

T: That sounds interesting. In fact, boredom is a kind of feeling. There is a good way to be away from it. Believe it or not, that is to help others, no matter who they are, human being or animals. Have a try, Ok? Today we’ll learn Unit 1. It introduces several women to us and tells us how they live and work. Now let’s turn to Page 1. Look at these pictures and the brief introductions, then work in pairs to discuss which of these women you think is a great woman. You need to give your reasons for your choice.

A sample summary:

As great women, they don’t care for themselves at all, and at some point or rather, they must give some sacrifices, just like Lin Qiaozhi, she devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead, she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered to their mothers. Not all people can do this. Once they have chosen their careers, they would carry on with them without any withdrawal. What they did is encouraging thousands of people to continue their careers. Those who are only famous but not great can’t be matched.

StepⅡSkimming

1. Who is the protector?

2. What animal are observed?

3. When did Jane Goodall arrive Gombe？How old was she?

4. What was the purpose of her study of the chimps?

Step III Get the main idea of each paragraph

A student of African wildlife

1. How the group followed Jane’s way of studying chimps in the wild

2. What Jane discovered about chimps

3. How Jane tries to protect the lives of chimps in their natural habitat

4. Jane’s achievements

Step IV Analyze each paragraph

见课件

Step V Language Points

T: By now, we have mastered the main idea and the details. Do you have some difficulties in the language?

S1: Yes. What does this sentence mean: “Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day”?

T: Who’d like to help her?

S2: The subject of the sentence is a “V-ing form”, and the Predicate is “is” not “wake up”. So the meaning of the sentence is: 今天我们的第一件事是观察一个猩猩家庭的早起。

T: That’s right. Sometimes we should depend on the structure of the sentences to help us understand the meaning.

S3: Miss Wu, the sentence: “This means going back to a place where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the night before.” is beyond me.

T: This sentence is a little difficult. First, it includes an Attributive Clause. The clause is: where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the night before. Second, there are two structures in the sentence. One is “to mean doing”; the other is “leave ... doing”. For the first one, we can refer to the Appendices in Page 76. Now let’s look at the second one. In fact, there are several same structures in this text. Please look at these sentences.

Show the sentences on the screen:

1. ... where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.

2. ... we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.

3. however the evening makes it all worthwhile.

4. Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.

Step VI Finish the COMPREHENDING on page 3.

Step VII General idea

The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodall worked with ___________ and help people ___________________ ______ of these animals.

Step VIII Discussion

1. Do you think Jane Goodall was brave to go and live in the forest?

2. Would you have done what she did if you had the chance?

3. What made Jane Goodall a great success? What should we learn from Jane Goodall?

Homework

T: I’m very glad to hear what you said. You have learned what you should learn from Jane Goodall. And I believe you will be Jane Goodall, if you treat everything around you equally and show your love to them. Now time is up. Today’s homework is to finish the exercises in Page 4 and 5. Make some preparations for the next class. See you next time.

Ss: See you.

The second period Grammar

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language 目标语言

a. 重点词语

achievement，inspire，worthwhile，observe，institute，respect，condition，argue， entertainment

b. 重点句子

2. Ability goals 能力目标

a. Enlarge vocabulary by learning word-formation.

b. Learn to use Subject-verb agreement correctly.

3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Teach Ss how to enlarge vocabulary by word-formation and how to use subject-verb agreement.

Teaching important points 教学重点

a. Noun Suffix in word-formation.

b. Subject-verb agreement of collective nouns.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

Enable students to use collective nouns correctly, by understanding their meanings in certain situations.

Teaching methods 教学方法

Let students do the exercises, and then collect their answers. Ask them to conclude the rules and then give them some explanation.

Teaching aids 教具准备

A projector.

Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

语法详解：

所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，

一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。

There is much water in the thermos.

但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

1. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数

Reading and writing are very imp1 ?）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.

There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.

2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近

的主语保持一致。如果句子是由 here,there 引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的?事情应用过去时，先排除A.C.本题易误选D，因为 The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用 and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的临近原则

1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.

There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.

2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近

的主语保持一致。如果句子是由 here,there 引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。

Either you or she is to go.

Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.

3. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致

当主语后面跟有 with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.

He as well as I wants to go boating.

4. 谓语需用单数

1）代词 each 和由 every, some, no, any 等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有 each, every, 谓语需用单数。

Each of us has a tape-recorder.

There is something wrong with my watch.

2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。

The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.

《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。

3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.

Ten yuan is enough.

5. 指代意义决定谓语的单复数

1）在代词 what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all 等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。

All is right. (一切顺利。)

All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)

2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。

His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。

His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。

但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。

Are there any police around?

3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。

A number of + 名词复数 + 复数动词。

The number of + 名词复数 + 单数动词。

A number of books have lent out.

The majority of the students like English.

6. 与后接名词或代词保持一致

1） 用 half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与 of 后面的名词，代词保持一致。

Most of his money is spent on books.

Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

2） 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由 more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。

Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。

More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。

Homework

Finish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.

附件1

埃及艳后 克利斯帕特拉

Cleopatra

Queen of Egypt, 69-30 BC

Cleopatra was the ambitious last ruler of the Macedonian Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. In her struggles to win the crown and keep her country free, she sought the support of Julius Caesar, bearing him a son. For a time she lived in Rome. Later, she won the protection of Rome through an affair with Mark Anthony, and had three children with him. Financing his failing military campaigns, both she and Anthony were defeated in a battle against Octavian in 31 BC. A lesser known fact is that Cleopatra was highly educated and possessed an impressive intellect, being a student of philosophy and international relations.

附件2

英国前首相 撒切尔夫人

Margaret Thatcher: Prime Minister of England, Margaret Thatcher was Britain’s first female prime minister, and first British prime minister in the twentieth century to win three consecutive terms. A lawyer, Margaret first entered Parliament in 1959, eventually serving in a variety of ministerial posts. In 1974 she was elected leader of the Conservative Party, and brought her party to victory in 1979. Espousing conservative ideals of based on free enterprise, she advocated public spending cuts, limited money supply, and raised interest rates. Her privatization programs led to union opposition, labor unrest, and high unemployment rates. She earned the nickname “The Iron Lady” because of her hard line against the USSR over their invasion of Afghanistan, and because when Argentina challenged Britain’s right to the Falkland Islands, she went to war. In 1990 she resigned her prime minister, although she stayed in Parliament until 1992.

附件3

革命女侠 秋谨

Qiu jin

(1875-1907)

A Chinese poet and a revolutionary, Qiu Jin was born in 1875 into a moderately wealthy family. While growing up she enjoyed riding horses and playing with swords. She also liked to read. Her family insisted that she receive good education and she was able to socialize with other well-educated people.

At the age of twenty-one Qiu Jin was married to an older man. He had a more conventional outlook on life than she did and she felt stifled in this relationship. She left her husband in 1903 and went to study in Japan where she was vocal in her support for women’s rights and pressed for improved access to education for women. To provide female role models, she wrote articles about historical Chinese women.

In 1906 she returned to China and started publishing a women’s magazine in which she encouraged women to gain financial independence through education and training in various professions. She encouraged women to resist oppression by their families and by the government. At the time it was still customary for women in China to have their feet bound at the age of five. The result of this practice was that the feet were small but crippled. Women’s freedom of movement was severely restricted and left them dependent on other people. Such helpless women were, however, more desired as wives, so their families continued the practice to protect their daughters’ future security.

Qiu Jin felt that a better future for women lay under a Western-type government instead of the corrupt Manqing government that was in power at the time. She joined forces with her male cousin Hsu Hsi-lin and together they worked to unite many secret revolutionary societies to work together for the overthrow of the Manqing government. On July 6, 1907 Hsu Hsi-alin was caught by the authorities before a scheduled uprising. He confessed his involvement under interrogation and was executed. Immediately after, on July 12, the government troops arrested Qiu Jin at the school for girls where she was a principal. She refused to admit her involvement in the plot, but they found incriminating documents and she was beheaded. Qiu Jin was acknowleged immediately as a heroine and a martyr who died fighting enemies of the Chinese people and she became a symbol of women’s independence.

附件4

中华女皇帝 武则天

Empress Wu Zetian in Dang Dynasty

Empress Wu was the only female monarch of China, and remains the most remarkable, influential and mysterious woman in Chinese history.

Contrary to the teachings of Confucius, this was a woman who ruled the empire for over half a century; while her actions have been a subject for debate for more ten centuries. Opinion is sharply divided between those who admire her for her many achievements and those who regard her as a ruthless, merciless schemer and autocrat. Others will say merely that she did what she had to do and that her actions were no different from those of male emperors.

Achievements

In spite of her ruthless rise to power, Wu proved to be a very competent monarch and throughout her reign the legacy of prosperity bequeathed by the late Taizong.

The Empress was eager to draw into her government all manner of talented people. In the first year of her period of absolute power, she sent officials far and wide to search for people of outstanding ability. Wu Zetian even encouraged people to volunteer their services should they consider themselves of value to her. In this way no effort was spared to recruit able persons into the civil service. The imperial examination system was further revised in order that no man of ability should be excluded due to his lowly birth. She also initiated the practice of personally interviewing candidates. These formalities guaranteed appointments could no longer be obtained through patronage, bribery or corruption.

Surprisingly, she showed tolerance towards her critics. Ever willing to listen to new ideas and suggestions, she generously rewarded those who offered sound advice and demonstrated enterprise. This ensured that throughout her long reign, she always had the support of a loyal administration.

Wu Zetian attached great importance to the development of agriculture. She ordered the construction of irrigation schemes. So as to create a bank of knowledge about agricultural matters and develop expertise, she commissioned the compilation of farming textbooks. Local officials were charged with the task of bringing more land under cultivation. As an incentive for increased production, taxes were reduced and the imposition upon the peasant population was eased. By allowing peasant farmers to retain more of their produce, they were able to improve their living standard and in general the population benefited from quite considerable prosperity.

The relationships that had been established between the empire and the neighboring Tubo deteriorated. A series of many border skirmishes led to a final defeat of the Tubo in 692. Afterwards, steps were taken to keep the vast lands to the north and south of the Tainshan Mountains secure from invasion. The Anxi Military Viceroy and the Beiting Military Viceroy were given responsibility for the area, with the consequence that Wu’s defence policy effectively consolidated the north-western border region.

Wu’s religious policy gave Buddhism precedence over Taoism as the favoured state religion. She encouraged gifted scholars to settle in China and many Buddhist temples were built. Also, many of the finest Buddhist cave sculptures were created. Under the patronage of the Empress, Buddhism made its greatest advances within China.

Wu Zetian poured scorn on the Confucian belief that women should always be subordinate to men. As well as furthering her own ambitions, she sought to enhance the position of women in society. This included employing scholars to write biographies of famous women. These works served as a reminder to everyone that women were every bit as capable of men. All they lacked was equal opportunity.

The Downside

It is said there is good and bad in everybody. So far as Wu Zetian was concerned, when she was bad she could be very bad indeed. To achieve her ambitions she was as ruthless as possible. She did not hesitate to arrange the murders of members of her family, her husband’s concubines or ministers if they opposed her. Even Wu’s infant daughter was sacrificed in order that she might succeed in her desire for power. The men whose loyalty to both Li Yuan and Li Shimin had helped establish the Tang Dynasty were subjected to her cruelty. These included Zhangsun Wuji, Chu Suiliang, Yu Zhining and Cheng Wuting and many others who were either put to death or reduced in rank. Members of the Li royal family and their relatives were likewise eliminated.

Once she was on the throne, Wu was ever cautious lest any of her ministers proved to be disloyal or plot against her. She appointed sadistic and cruel officials to seek out and eliminate any opposition to her regime. Men such as Suo Yuanli, Zhong Xing and Lai Juncheng became famous due to their methods of exposing so-called enemies of their mistress. In such times, it is possible to be rid of rivals by denouncing them as conspirators or laying trumped up charges against them. So, although those who opposed Wu were severely dealt with, also many other innocent people were cruelly put to death. However, once Wu Zetian was satisfied that her regime was secure, she did relax some of her repressive measures and there were far fewer executions.

In her later life, and probably to ease her conscience, Wu Zetian resorted to Buddhism for solace. Her enthusiasm for building temples and monuments placed a huge strain on resources and labour. This show of religious fervour could not hide her continued craving for greatneess, cruel and despotic autocrat. Others, with rather more pragmatic views, have said she merely behaved as many men in her position had done, both before and since her notorious reign.

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