初中英语高频动词用法

时间:2023年12月03日

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下面是小编为大家推荐的初中英语高频动词用法,本文共10篇,欢迎大家分享。本文原稿由网友“灵双儿”提供。

篇1:初中英语高频动词用法

相信同学们每次遇到选填to do, doing还是do形式的题目时,脑海中的反应大概都是“to do好像通,不对,应该是doing,还是填原形do呢”?

其实每节英语课上老师都会提到一些to do, doing, do,你也许也在笔记上认真的记了,可是由于没有及时复习加之这些用法分散在笔记本、课本和练习册等各个地方,并不能系统的记忆。 今天小编就帮大家总结一下初中阶段高频出现的一些动词用法,让大家从此告别看到to do, doing, do就一脸懵的遄础 一. 加to do的高频考查动词 1. afford to do 负担的起做某事 We can’t afford to make any mistakes.我们承担不起任何失误。 2. agree to do 同意做某事 Do you agree to have dinner today? 今天你同意一块吃饭吗? 3. choose to do 选择做某事 Why do so many choose to leave their country? 为什么有这么多人要离开祖国? 4. decide to do 决定做某事 She decided to accept the offer. 她决定接受这一提议。 5. expect to do 期待做某事 The shop expects to make more money this year. 这家店铺期望今年多赚点钱。 6. hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年某一时候再见到你。 7. hurry to do 急忙做某事 We shall have to hurry to get there in time. 我们将不得不及时赶到那。 8. manage to do 设法做成某事 How do you manage to do such a thing? 你是怎么设法做这样的事?

9. plan to do 打算做某事 Where do you plan to spend your holiday? 你打算去哪里度假? 10. prefer to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer to travel in the front of the car. 我宁愿坐在汽车的前面。 11. refuse to do 拒绝做某事 I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那个问题。 12. seem to do 看似做了某事 The books seem to be lost. 那些书好像不见了。 13. wish to do 希望做某事 I wish to talk with you in private. 我希望能私下里同你谈话。 14. want to do 想要做某事 Is that why you don't want to go home? 这就是你不想回家的原因吗? 15. would like to do 想要做某事 I would like to have a word with you. 我想同你说句话。 二. 加sb. to do的高频考查动词 1. allow ab. to do 允许某人做某事 My boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone. 老板不许我使用电话。 2. cause ab. to do 导致某人做某事 The beliefin god causes people to do good. 对上帝的信仰使人行善。 3. encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事 Peter, my English teacher, never fails to encourage us to study hard. 我的.英文老师彼得总是鼓励我们要好好用功。 4. force sb. to do 强迫某人做某事

No power on earth could force me to do it. 谁也不能强迫我做这事。 5. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 We invite her to have Thanksgiving dinner with us. 我们邀请她和我们一起吃感恩节晚餐。 6. teach sb. to do 教某人做某事 It is time for somebody to teach you to behave yourself. 该是有人教你应对进退之礼仪的时候了。 7. warn sb. to do 警告某人做某事 The police warn us not to go out at night. 警察告诫我们夜间不要出门。 8. …enough to do 足够做某事 Would you be kind enough to take a message to him? 拜托您捎个信儿给他。 9. It’s + adj+ for sb. to do 对某人来说做某事很... Is it necessary for me to attend the meeting?我真的必须参加这个会议吗? 10. It takes sb. some time to do 花费某人多长时间做某事 How long does it take to go to the airport by taxi? 坐出租汽车去飞机场要多长时间? 三. 后加doing的高频考查动词 1. avoid doing 避免做某事 Avoid crossing this street at rush hours. 避免在交通拥挤时间穿越这条街道。 2. consider doing 考虑做某事 Would you consider working in New York next year? 明年你考虑到纽约工作吗? 3. enjoy doing 享受做某事 I enjoy singing, much more listening to music. 我喜欢唱歌,更不用说听音乐了。 4. finish doing 结束做某事 It took us a whole week to finish painting the home. 我们花了整整一星期的时

间才把房子粉刷好。 5. hate doing 讨厌做某事 The boys hate doing homework on Sundays. 男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。 6. imagine doing 想象做某事 I can't imagine living with a drunk. 我想象不出与一个醉汉生活在一起的情形。 7. keep doing 持续做某事 Foreign words keep coming into English. 外来词源源不断地进入英语。 8. mind doing 介意做某事 Would you mind stepping aside to let me pass? 你介意站开让我走过去吗? 9. practice doing 练习做某事 Practice throwing the ball into the net. 练习投篮。 10. regret doing 后悔做某事 I believe you will regret leaving Paris. 我相信你会为离开巴黎而后悔的。 11. risk doing 冒险做某事 I don’t think they will risk holding an election. 我想他们是不会冒风险举行选举的。 12. suggest doing 建议做某事 I suggested going for a walk. 我建议去散步。 13. be worth doing 值得做某事 He'll probably say no, though it's worth trying. 他很可能不同意,但不妨去试探一下。 14. spend…doing花费...做某事 How much time do you spend practicing English every day? 你每天花多少时间练习英文? 15. while/when doing

I like to listen to music while running. 我喜欢一边跑步,一边听音乐。 16. have a good time/fun/problems/trouble/difficulty doing做某事有乐趣/问题/麻烦/困难: I have difficulty remembering names. 我不易记住人名。 17. prevent/stop/keep…from doing阻止...做某事 Nothing can prevent him from going. 什么都不能阻止他前往。 四. 加do的高频考查动词 1. let sb. do 让某人做某事 I hope you can pardon his badness and let him start all over again.希望您能原谅他的不好,让他从新开始。 2. make sb. do 使某人做某事 He find it impossible to make her change her mind. 他发现使她改变主意是不可能的。 3. hear sb. do 听见某人做某事 The shouting boy did not hear his mother call him. 大声叫嚷的孩子听不到妈妈的叫唤。 4. have sb. do 要求某人做某事 Will you like to have him call you back ? 要他给你回个电话吗? 5. would rather do than do 宁愿做...不愿做... They would rather go fishing than stay at home. 他们宁愿去钓鱼,也不愿待在家里。 6. had better do 最好做某事 You had better have another think. 你最好 再想一想。 五. 加to doing的高频考查动词 1. prefer doing to doing 宁愿做...不愿做... Their teacher prefers doing to talking. 他们的老师喜欢做而不喜欢说。

2. be used to doing习惯做某事 I'm not used to doing shopping online. 我不习惯于网上购物。 3. look forward to doing 期待做某事 I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望着能自己一人待在这所房子里。 4. pay attention to doing 注意力集中在做某事上 You should pay attention to picking your words . 你应该注意措词。 5. devote … to doing 奉献...去做某事 I devote myself to helping the poor. 我致力于帮助穷人。 六. 加to do= 加doing的高频考查动词 1. start to do =start doing 开始做 When did you start to learn English? 你何时开始学英语的? 2. learn to do = learn doing学着做 She is learning to play the piano. 她在学弹钢琴。 3. continue to do = continue doing继续做 Bread continues to rise in price. 面包的价格继续上涨。 七. 加to do≠加doing的高频考查动词 1. forget to do 忘记要做 Don't forget to leave room for our teacher. forget doing做了某事而把它忘记了 2. remember to do记得要做 remember doing记得做过 3. need to do需要做 need doing需要被做

4. stop to do 停下来开始做

stop doing 停止正在做的事

篇2:初中英语常用动词用法

初中英语常用动词用法

常用动词习惯用法

1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)

2. asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不做某事)

be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事

3. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事

4. be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事

5. be afaid of sth 害怕某物

6. be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶

7. be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事(常考)

8. be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来) 9. be excited to do sth 对做……感到兴奋

10. be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事

11. be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事

12. be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

13. be/get ready for/to do sth

14. be sorry to do sth 对做某事感到抱歉

15. be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇

be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇

16. be worth doing sth 值得做某事(worth 后接动词-ing形式,常考)

17. begin to do sth 开始做某事

begin/start to do/doing sth

18. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力购买(供)……

19. can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth

20. can’t wait to do sth 迫不急待地去做某事

21. decide to do sth 决定去做某事

make up one’s mind to do sth 下决心去做某事(常考)

make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定

22. deserve to do sth 值得/应该做……

23. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事

24. enjoy doing sth 乐意去做某事

25. expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事

26. fail to do sth 做某事失败

succeed doing sth 成功做了某事

27. finish doing sth 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)

28. follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事

29. get sb to do sth

make sb do sth

let sb do sth

30. get/have a chance to do sth 得到/有一个做某事的.机会

31. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb

buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb

32. go on to do sth 继续做事(常考)

go on doing sth 继续做事(常考)

33. hate to do/doing sth 讨厌/不喜欢做某事

34. have fun doing sth

35. have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难

36. have sb do sth

have sth done

have sth to do 有事要做 让某人做某事(后接动词原形)

37. hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形,常考)

hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事(常见)

38. help to do sth 帮忙做某事

help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

39. hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事

wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事

40. It seems that 这像是……(后接从句)

seem to do sth

seem +adj

41. It’s + adj+(for sb) to do sth .

It’s+adj +(of sb) to do sth

e.g: It’s glad for him to hear the news.

42. It takes sb some time/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)

43. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth

44. It’s best for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的

had better do sth 最好做某事(注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形) 45. It’s time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了

46. keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事(常考)

keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事(常考)

keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)

keep sb/sth +adj

keep the book for 2 days 借书两天(不用borrow或lend)

47. learn to do sth 学做某事

learn sth from sb 向某人学习

48. like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事

like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事

49. need to do sth 需要做某事

need doing sth/to be done

need sth needn’t do sth

50. prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿……而不愿……(常考)

prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做……胜过做……

e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来,我更爱读书。

prefer to do sth 喜欢(爱)做某事

51. refuse to do sth 拒绝做……

52. remember/forget to do sth 记得/

remember/forget doing sth 记得/ (常考)

53. see sb do sth 看见某人做某事(结果)

see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)

be seen to do sth 做某事被看见

54. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词) e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。

55. spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)

spend some money on sth/doing sth 买……花了多少钱

56. Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do . 做好某事很难/容易

57. stop to do sth 停下来去某事(两件事)(常考)

stop doing sth 停止做某事 (一件事)(常考)

stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)

58. take turns to do sth 轮流做……

59. tell sb (not) to do sth 叫某人去(不要)做某事

be told to do sth 被告知不要做某事

60. There is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说没必要做某事

61. There is no time (for sb ) to do sth

have no time to do sth 没时间做某事

62. too…(for sb) to …太……以致不能…… so… that… not… enough to do

e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。

63. try/do one’s best to do sth 尽力去做某事

try to do sth 试着(图)做某事

64. used to do sth 过去常做某事( used to be + adj/a +n)

e.g: Mr wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。

I used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村。

65. want/would like to do sth 想做……

want/would like sb to do sth 想某人做……

feel like doing sth喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式)

66. warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)

67. Why don’t you do sth ? 为什么不……(表建议的句型,注意用动词原形)

Why not do sth ?

表示建议的句型还有:What How about……?(如果是动词,要用ing形式)

Shall we……?

68. Would you like (sb) to do sth ?Yes, I’d love to .

69. Would you mind doing sth ? 你介意做某事吗?

Never mind/Not at all/of course not/certainly not . (从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了) 70. Would you please (not) do sth 你可不可以不做……?

71. finish doing sth enjoy doing sth practise doing sth be good at doing sth be good at doing sth thank you for doing sth stop doing sth be good at doing sth give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth

初中英语常用动词用法make a contribution to sth/doing sth

72. 非延续性动词(终止性动词)

1.buy---have(has)had 2.borrow---have(has)kept 3.leave---have(has)been away

4.go ---have(has)been away/in… 5.come ---have(has)here/in…

6.die ---have(has)been dead 7.join---have(has)been a member of/in…

8.begin---have(has)on 8.stop---have(has)been over

example: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. It is three days since his dog died. His dog died three days ago.

73. 感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2. hear/see/watch sb doing sth

篇3:初中英语常用的动词用法

1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事

My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.

2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)

My father asked me to study hard.He asked me not to swim alone.

be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事

I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.

3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事She is afraid to ask me questions.

4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事I am afraid of going out at night.

5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物He is afraid of snakes.

6. be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶He was amazed to meet the girl there.

be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶they were amazed at the news

7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (常考)

e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。

I am busy with my work.

8. be coming/going/leaving/flying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)

the bus is coming/the dog is dying.

9. be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋

Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.

be excited at sth.

Lily was excited at his words.

be excited about doing sth.

he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.

10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事

Sam is frightened to ride a horse.

11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事

she is happy to clean the blackboard with me.

be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事

she was pleased to help the old man yesterday

be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意

the teacher was pleased with my answer.

12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

she is interested in swimming in the river.

My brother is interested in Chinese.

13. be/get ready for/to do sth.Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备

We are ready for the exam.Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备

We are ready to have a birthday party for her.

get ready for sth.为某事在做准备

We are getting ready for the exam.

13. be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉

14. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇

be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇

15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式,常考)

16. begin to do sth.begin/start to do/doing sth.

17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……

18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.

19. can't wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事

20. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事

make up one's mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考)

make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定

21. deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……

22. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事

23. enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事

24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事

25. fail to do sth. 做某事失败succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事

26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)

27. follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事

28. get sb. to do sth.make sb. do sth.let sb. do sth.

29. get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会

30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb.buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.

31. go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考)

go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)

32. hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事

33. have fun doing sth.

34. have problems doing sth.做某事遇到困难

35. have sb. do sth.have sth. donehave sth. to do 有事要做

36. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形,常考)hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见)

37. help to do sth. 帮忙做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事

39. I t seems that 这像是……(后接从句)seem to do sth.seem +adj.

40. It's + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.

It's + adj. +(of sb.) to do sthe.g: It's glad for him to hear the news.

41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)

42. pay …for…costspend…on…..it take …to do sth.

43. It's best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的

had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形)

44. It's time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了

45. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)

keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)keep sb./ sth. +adj.

keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)

46. learn to do sth. 学做某事learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习

47. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事

48. need to do sth.need doing sth./to be doneneed sth .needn't do sth.

49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)

prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……

e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来,我更爱读书。

prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事

50. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……

初中英语动词固定搭配:

1. want to do sth. 想要做某事

I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.

我想今天下午买台新电脑。

2. would like to do sth.想要做某事

I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday.

我想邀请你这周六来我的聚会。

3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事

I wish to live on the moon one day.

我希望有一天在月球上生活。

4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事

I often help to do some chores at home.

我在家经常帮着做家务。

5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

I hope to have a good rest this weekend.

我希望这周末好好休息一下。

6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事

He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher.

在老师的帮助下,他最终学会了弹钢琴。

7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事

They managed to escape the fire yesterday.

昨天他们设法逃脱了火灾。

8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

Never offer to teach fish to swim.

别在强人面前逞能。

9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事

He plans to travel around the world.

他计划要周游世界。

10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事(时间或金钱方面)

We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.

今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。

11. agree to do sth. 做某事

He agreed to do it at once.

他同意立刻行动。

12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事

I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning.

我安排好明天上午洗衣服。

13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事

The boy asks to go to school by bike.

这个男孩要求骑自行车去上学。

14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事

He begged not to be put into prison.

他祈求不要被关进监狱。

15. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事

16. choose to do sth. 选择做某事

He chose to believe what she had said.

他选择相信她说的话。

17. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

She has decided to travel all over the world.

她已经决定周游世界了。

18. demand to do sth. 要求做某事

19. determine to do sth. 决心做某事

He determined to learn French.

他下定决心学习法语。

20. expect to do sth. 等待做某事

I am expecting to hear from you soon.

我期待着早点收到你的来信。

21. fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事

She fears to live on the mountain.

她害怕住在山上。

22. prepare to do sth. 预备做某事

They prepared to go hiking this Sunday.

他们准备周日去远足。

23. pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事

She pretended not to see me.

她假装没有看到我。

24. promise to do sth. 答应做某事

I have promised to give the children some books.

我已经答应给孩子们一些书了。

25. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

She refused to buy a new cellphone for her boy.

她拒绝给她儿子买新手机。

篇4:初中英语常用的动词用法

一、主动表被动的情况

1. 感观系动词,look, seem, sound, feel, smell, taste等

eg. The fish tastes nice.

2. measure, weigh等表示度量的动词。

eg. The elephant weights nearly a ton.

3. wash, clean, open, sell, read, last, write, steer等不及物动词可以表示被动意义。eg. The ship steer easily.

二、被动句表示主动含义。

She was dressed in a red skirt.

此类动词常见于dress, seat, devote, adapt, accustom 等后面可以接反身代词的动词。

二、时态,语态

1. 用进行时表示一种情绪。

She is always helping others.(表赞扬)

The man is always smoking in the office, which offends others very much.

2. 一般过去时表示某一动作已完成,过去进行时表示动作可能未完成。

He wrote a letter yesterday morning.(信已写完)

He was writing a letter yesterday evening. (信可能还未写完)

3.现在完成时可表示动作持续至今,一般过去时则表示动作已结束,并不强调对现在造成的影响或结果。

I have lived in this street.(我一直住这条街上)

I lived in this street.(我曾住在这条街上)

4.表示几个连续动作时,尽管有先后,仍要用相同时态。

He came into the classroom, put down the book and wrote a few words on the blackboard.

5. 在条件和时间状语从句中常用一般时表示将来。

6.叙述过去发生的某件事情常用一般过去时,表示过去某个时间或动作之后发生的事情才用过去将来时,过去某个时刻/段内正发生的事情,才用过去进行时,过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情才用过去完成时。因此找准时间的参照点,是正确运用时态的关键。

7.罗列并熟记各种时态的被动形式。

三.动词的类别与特征中的注意点

1.兼作Vt., Vi.的动词

(1)对兼作Vt., Vi.的动词,要注意根据不同的情况选择使用。

The children are flying their kites in the square.( Vt.)

We saw a plane flying high up in the sky.( Vi.)

(2)有些动词后跟从句时为Vt.,其它情况为Vi.,但意义基本不变。典型的有wonder, think, insist, agree,等。

The headmaster insisted that the students should wear school uniforms .

The headmaster insisted on the students wearing school uniforms.

(3)有些动词在Vt. Vi.之间,意义有所不同。如run, stand, lie等

She stood alone under the tree.

I can’t stand such cold weather.

2.常用的双宾动词有give, teach, lend, bring, explain, send, offer, pay, sell, buy, tell, show, write, ask, wish, read等,这些动词都带有一定的趋向性。因此转换成带介词的情况时,常可用for , to 来转换。

注意:explain sth. to sb.=explain to sb. sth., describe sth. to sb.=describe to sb. sth.

3.带宾补的动词,注意宾补的逻辑主语是动词宾语

宾补常是名词、形容词、介词短语,副词和非谓语动词等。常见的此类动词有make, have, let, get, keep, find, see, feel, notice等,但要注意不同的动词有不同的接法。

He kept the children (keep不能用不定式作宾补)

Make…do, have…do/doing/done,get…to do/done, find…doing/done, leave…to do/doing/介词短语/a./ad., see…doing/do/done

4.后面常接-ing的动词及短语:suggest, finish, avoid, can’t help, mind, need, enjoy, require, postpone, delay, practice, fancy, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, deny, admit, endure, escape, miss, appreciate, dislike, have a good time doing, put off, call off, give up

5.有些动词后面接to do 和-ing时意义基本相同,而有的则完全不同,要注意

Love, like, hate, forget, remember, stop, begin, start, continue, prefer, regret, intend, mean, want, need, require, neglect, try, deserve, can’t bear等

6.注意状态动词和动态动词的选用

Mother asked the son to notice his manners at the party. (notice就改为mind)

再如:listen/hear, look/see, look for/find, advise/persuade, marry/be married, join/be in等。

7.注意have表“有”时,及系动词一般不能用进行时态。

8.注意表示“有”时,have与there be 的选用

9.注意动词词组分类(见<零距离>),尤其要注意各类动词词组的使用特点及有的动词词组的主被动转换使用。

Make use of sth→sth is made use of(介词不要掉了)/use is made of sth.

10.Hope, intend, expect, plan, want, think, mean 等动词用过去完成时表示没有实现的愿望,计划,打算等

篇5:初中英语核心动词用法

Unit1 Festivals around the world

1.基础梳理

clothing beauty harvest celebration hunter starve daily origin religious ancestor Mexico belief poet arrival gain independence gather produce agricultural parade cherry custom Christian carnival worldwide necessity parking apologize sadness obvious wipe magipe weep announcer remind herd Valentine’s Day look forward to turn up day and night keep one’s word hold one’s breath

2.词语归纳

1)starve

作不及物动词,表示“饿死,挨饿”。

starve for=be starve of/for,表示“渴望获得,迫切得到”。

2)plenty

作不可数名词,只用于肯定句中,表示“充足,大量,富裕”,可做主语,宾语或表语。

做主语时,谓语动词随着plenty所指的单复数形式作相应的变化。

plenty也可作副词,表示“充分地,十足地,好多”。

in plenty表示“大量的,丰富,充裕”可作表语,定语,状语。

3)satisfy

作及物动词,表示“满意,使满足”,直接跟宾语,若接that从句时,意思是“使相信”,从句前有间接宾语。

satisfy…with以……满足

be satisfied with对……满足

satisfy…for向……偿还

be satisfied to do sth满足于做某事

4)harm

作名词,意为“损害”,不与不定冠词连用,常与do,come,mean等动词搭配。

do more harm than good弊大于利

There’s no harm in(sb’s)doing sth=It does no harm for sb to do sth做某事无害处

作及物动词,表示“损害,伤害”。

5)lead

作及物动词,表示“领导,引导”其宾语常接介词短语或者副词作宾补。

表示“影响,致使”时,后接介词to,也可以接不定式。

lead sb into使某人陷入某种不良的状态。

lead sb away使盲从,常用于被动语态。

lead nowhere毫无结果,,对……不起作用。

lead up to sth作为……准备,导致。

lead sb by the nose牵着某人的鼻子,完全操纵某人

lead a dog’s life过困难的生活

lead sb believe that使某人相信(假的事情或不确切的事情)

lead the way带路,带头

lead作为名词,give sb a lead给某人做出榜样,提示某人

6)origin

是名词,表示“起源,起因,出身”。

be of origin起源于,出身于

7)event

是名词,表示“事变,事件”,既可以指历史上的,国际上的,国内的大事件,也可以指日常事件,复数形式还可以指事态的发展和结局。

也可以指体育比赛中的“项目”。

常见词组:at all events/in every event总之,无论如何,不管怎样

in the event结果,终于 in the event of万一,如果,倘若 in that event若果那样的话

8)dress

作及物动词,表示“给……穿衣”,后接人作宾语,也可以做不及物动词,表示“穿上衣服,穿着衣服”。

dress up穿上盛装,打扮

dress作不可数名词,表示“衣服”;作可数名词,表示“妇女及儿童的衣服”。

dress sth up修饰,掩饰

9)trick

play a trick on sb=play sb a trick开某人的玩笑,诈骗某人

do/turn the trick达到(预期的)目的,获得成功。

have a/the trick of doing sth(有)做……的习惯/癖好。

be up to tricks,be at one’s tricks玩鬼把戏,闹恶作剧

trick可以做动词,trick sb into doing骗某人去做某事 trick sb out of…骗取某人

10)memory

是名词,表示“记忆”时,接for而不接of。

复数形式memories可表示往事。

in memory of纪念,一般表示对死者的纪念。

lose one’s memory“失去记忆”,可能永远也想不起来;而slip sb’s memory指一般想不起来,可能不知道什么时候又想起。

within one’s memory=within the memory of表示“记忆所及的时间”。

11)gain

作及物动词,表示“获得”,指经过努力取得有价值的东西或想要的东西。

也可以表示“增加,增进;(钟,表)走得快”。

作不及物动词,表示“获得利益,增加,改善”。

作名词表示“收获,利益,增加”。常用的词组有“gain in增加 gain over说服 gain on sb/sth赶上

12)gather

作及物动词,意为“搜集,采集,恢复,积累,加速”。还可以表示“推断,得出(印象,想法”后常接从句。

作不及物动词,表示“聚集,群集”。

常用的词组有:gather oneself together振作精神 gather oneself up集中全力,鼓起勇气

13)admire

作及物动词,只能接名词或者代词作宾语,不能接宾语从句。

admire to do高兴做 admire sb for sth在某方面钦佩某人 admire at对……感到羡慕,对……感到惊讶

14)forward

作副词,表示“向前地,向未来”。

look forward to盼望,期待 push one’s way forward挤着向前走 come forward走出来

put forward提出 backward and forward来回

forward作形容词,表示“在前面的,热心参与的”。

作名词,表示“(足球,曲棍球的)前锋”。

作动词,表示“转递,增进,发送,提高”。

15)take place

表示“发生”有计划的,有目的的,有准备的发生,是不及物动词,无宾语,不能用于被动语态。

区别take place,happen,break out:

take place有计划的发生,多指运动,变化,进步,会议,婚礼等。

happen偶然发生或者意外事件的发生。

break out表示“突然发生,爆发”,强调出人意料,多指地震,火灾,火山,战争,疾病,瘟疫等的突然发生。

take one’s place表示“代替某人,执政,上台”。

take the place of表示“取代,代替”。

16)fool的短语

make fool of欺骗,捉弄 act/play the fool 瞎胡闹,逗乐

fool around/about无所事事,胡混 fool out of骗走 fool away把(时间)胡混掉 fool with胡摆弄

17)apologize

apologize to sb for doing sth因为做了某事向某人道歉

make an apology to sb for doing sth道歉

18)drown

表示“淹死,淹没,浸泡,沉浸于”。

drown one’s sorrow in drink借酒消愁

drown sth out淹没

19)wipe

wipe sth from/off sth把……从……上擦掉/擦净。

wipe out擦拭(盆,碗等的)内部,除去,消灭,摧毁。

wipe over 再擦一遍。

wipe the floor with sb(在辩论中,竞赛中)把某人打得一败涂地。

20)weep

weep about为……而哭泣 weep at看到/听到……而哭泣 weep away一直哭

weep for/over因……而哭泣 weep out哭着抒发掉

21)forgive

作及物动词,表示“原谅,赦免”,有时可以接双宾语。

forgive sb for doing sth原谅某人做某事

22)有关word的短语:

give one’s word许诺 break one’s word to失信于 have a ward with sb和某人交谈

have words with sb和某人吵架 have word听到消息 eat one’s word认错,道歉

go back on one’s word食言 put in/say a good word for sb为某人说好话相助

say the word发指令,发信号 in short words简言之 in other words换句话说

in a/one word总之 word for word逐字地,一字不差地 by word of mouth口头上

without a word什么也没说

23)有关breath的短语:

catch one’s breath屏息 drawn breath歇口气 drawn one’s first/last breath出生/死亡

get one’s breath恢复正常呼吸 lose one’s breath气喘吁吁 save one’s breath不必浪费口舌

take one’s breath away使某人吃惊 waste one’s breath白费唇舌 out of/short of breath喘不过气,上气不接下气

24)set off

“出发,起程”,还可以表示“使爆炸,激发”。

有关set的短语:

set up建立,树立,创立 set forth出发,起程,公布 set out开始,着手,出发

set about着手,试图,开始 set fire to点火 set to doing sth开始做某事

set…aside把……放在一边 set sth down记下来 set…free将……释放

25)as though

表示“好像,似乎”,引导的从句谓语动词多用于虚拟语气。

如果as though从句中所叙述的情况是事实或有可能发生,也可用于陈述语气。

其后面除了跟句子外,还可以跟名词,动词不定式,形容词(短语),介词短语或分词。

还可以表示感叹语气,来对某项建议、假设或推测表示不赞成,惊讶,不满和厌恶等。

3.语法

情态动词

定义:

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。

情态动词后面加动词原形。

分类:

情态动词有四类:

①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to

②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare

③可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)

④具有情态动词特征:have(had,has) to,used to

位置:

情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。

特点:

情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “not”。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想。

除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:

1) 除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式。

2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一。

3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s形式。

4) 情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词。

5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间。

6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词,但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用。

用法

首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。

用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。

情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:

can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.

功能

助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类:基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个:do, have和be;情态助动词基本的有十四个:may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to,had better 上述两类助动词的共同特征是,在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时,具有作用词的功能。

1) 构成否定式。

2) 构成疑问式或附加疑问式。

3) 构成修辞倒装。

4) 代替限定动词词组。

can和could的用法

1. 表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许。

注意:①could也可表示请求,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用can(即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。

②can表示能力时,还可用be able to代替。

2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)

3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。

4. 用在疑问句及否定句中,表示惊讶,不相信等。

5. cannot…too\\enough表示“无论怎样……也不过分”,“越……越好”。

may和might的用法

1. 表示许可。

表示请求、允许时,might比may的语气更委婉一些,否定回答时(口语中常用) no , you can’t . or , yes, please 用mustn’t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)。

用May I…征询对方许可在文体上比较正式,在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中,用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。

2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。

3. 表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。

4. “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。

must和have to的用法

1. 表示必须、必要。(must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些)

回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或don’t have to。

2. “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测,它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

3. “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中,表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

4. have to的含义与must相似,两者往往可以互换使用,但have to有各种形式,随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同:

① must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。

② must一般只表现在,have则有更多的时态形式。

③ 二者的否定意义不大相同。

④ 询问对方的意愿时应用must。

注意:have to也可拼做have got to。

dare和need的用法

1. need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。

注意:needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”

2. Dare作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。

3. Dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,所不同的是,作实义动词时,在肯定句中,dare后面通常接带to的不定式,在否定和疑问句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。

shall和should的用法

一.shall的用法:

1. shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。

2. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

3. shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

二.should的用法:

1.should表示劝告、建议、命令,其同义词是ought to;在疑问句中,通常用should代替ought to。

should的含义较多,用法较活,现介绍三种其特殊用法。

情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。

此外,Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。

2. “should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务,表示应该做到而实际上没有做到,并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。

will和would的用法

1. 表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。

2. 表示意志、愿望和决心。

3. 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测,主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。

4. would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表过去习惯时比used to正式,并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

5. 表料想或猜想。

ought to的用法

1. ought to表示应该。

2. 表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别:

He must be at home by now. (断定他已到家)

He ought to be home by now. (不十分肯定)

This is where the oil must be. (比较直率)

This is where the oil ought to be. (比较含蓄)

3. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。

注意:在美国英语中,ought to用于否定句和疑问句时,to可以省略。

ought和should的区别:

1.ought语气略强。

2.should较常用。

3.ought在美国英语中用的很少,而should却相当常用。

4.ought属正式用语。

used to,had better,would rather的用法

1. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在,在间接引语中,其形式可不变。如:

He told us he used to play football when he was young.

在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中,可有两种形式:

疑问句

Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?

Used you to go to the same school as your brother?

否定句

I usedn't to go there.

I didn't use to go there.

usedn't 亦可拼作usen't,但发音皆为['ju:snt]。

否定疑问句

Usen't you to be interested in the theatre?

Didn't you use to be interested in the theatre?

Had better意为“最好”,后接不带to的不定式。

注:①had best与had better同意,但较少用。②You had better…用于同辈或小辈,对长辈不可用。

Would rather意为“宁愿”,表选择,后接不带to的不定式。

由于would rather表选择,因而后可接than。

篇6:初中英语情态动词的用法

定义

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必须”,“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面的动词要用原形。

情态动词的种类:

篇7:初中英语情态动词的用法

1.can和could的用法

(1)can/could 表示“能力;许可;可能性”等。could 为 can 的过去式。如:Can I use your book?我可以用你的书吗?

(2)can 用在疑问句中,表示征求意见、请求许可,答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中,比can 更委婉、客气,是一种礼貌的说法,并不表示过去时态,答语用can,而不能用could。

Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告诉我去公园的路吗?

-Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。不好意思,我不知道。我是新来的。

[注意]

①can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态。

②另外, can't 可表示否定推测。

2.may和might的用法

may/might 意为“可以”,表示同意、许可或请求对方许可,也可表示祝愿。

might 是may 的过去式,有两种用法:一种表示过去式;一种表示虚拟语气,使语气更加委婉、客气,或表示可能性更小。

以may开头的一般疑问句,其否定回答用mustn't。

Eg: MayI use your book? 我可以用你用的书吗?

He might be alive. 他可能还活着。

【注意】

can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许,但may比can更正式,更客气。

3.must和should

(1)must意为“必须,应当”,含有一种命令的语气,比较生硬,不容商量。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”,“一定不要”。如:

Eg:You mustn't drive after drinking。你绝不能酒后驾车。

①must 与 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观意愿;have to 表示客观需要。

②回答由must 引导的疑问句:

肯定回答:Yes, …must. 如:

-Must I go home now?

-Yes, you must.

否定回答:No,…needn't./No,…don't/doesn't have to.

Eg:-Must I go home now?

-No, you  needn't. 。

③must 表示对事物的推测,意为“想必;一定”,只用于肯定句中;表“推测”时,情态动词与动词原形,(常为be动词)连用,

如:The man must be your teacher。那个人一定是你的老师。

(2)should意为“应当,应该”,表示建议或劝告,语气比较委婉,客气。否定形式为shouldn’t。

Eg: You  should get up early.

You shouldn't eat too much sugar.

4.will和would

1)用于疑问句,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用would比will更委婉,更客气。

如:Will you please open the window?

Would you like some coffee?

2) would表示建议“你愿意…吗”

-Would you like to go shopping with me?

-Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.

[注意区别]

①I’d like+n. …  我想要…(接名词)

如:I’d like some water.

②I’d like to + v. …  我想要做…(接动词原形)

如:I’d like to go with Tom.

5、shall用于第一人称 (I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “……好吗?”

eg: ①Where shall we have dinner?

②-Shall we go fishing?                   -

- All right. \\OK. \\Good idea.

情态动词的实际运用

一、考查can的用法

a.考查can表示能力的用法。

在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是“能,会”,其否定式can't表示“不能”。在过去时中用could和couldn't。例如:

1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.

-You________find him. He________Japan. (黑龙江)

A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to

C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to

2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?

-Sorry. It________in such a short time. (2003山东威海)

A. may do B. can't be done

C. must do D. needn't be done

3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it. (江西)

A. must B. have to C. need to D. can

4.________you mend my car? I______not start it. (2002常德市)

A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may

5.________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002长沙市)

A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May

6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.(2002四川省)

A. can B. may C. could

b.考查can表示推测的用法。

在这一用法中,can意为“可能”,表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:

7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?

-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller. (2003河北)

A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't

8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?

-No. It________be her. She is at school now. (2002重庆市)

A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't

9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?

-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin. (2002新疆)

A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't

10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?(2002广东)

A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can

c.考查can / could表示请求许可的用法?

在这一用法中,can和could都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用Could I / you...?句式,表示“我/你能……吗?”

若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:

11.-Could I look at your pictures?

-Yes, of course you________. (2003武汉)

A. could B. can C. will D. might

12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number. (2002北京市海淀区)

A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should

参考答案:1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D

二、考查may的用法

a.考查may表示请求许可的用法

在这一用法中,may表示许可或征询对方许可,表示“可以”的意思,常常与第一人称I连用,构成May I...?句式,表示“我可以……吗?”肯定回答用Yes, you may.; Yes, please.等;否定回答用No, you can't.或No, you mustn't.,不用No, you may not.?例如:

25. -________I have your name, please?

-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. (2002北京市东城区)

A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need

26. -May I go to the cinema, dad?

-No, you________. You must finish your homework first. (2002浙江金华市)

A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't

27. -May I smoke here?

-________, you________. It can be dangerous. (2002滨州市)

A. Yes; can B. No; can't

C. Yes; may D. No, needn't

②测试may表示可能性的用法。

在这一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是“也许”,“可能”,通常用于肯定句中。例如:

28. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer. (2003天津)

A. must; can B. must; may

C. need; can D. can; may

29. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger. (2002宁夏)

A. need B. must C. should D. may

参考答案:25. C 26. A 27. B

篇8:初中英语动词不定式用法全面解析

初中英语动词不定式用法全面解析

它是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为“to+动词原形”,to为动词不定式的符号,本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点:

1.具有动词的特点,因此,后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语,构成动词不定式短语。

2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点,可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。下面以近几年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例,对不定式的难点以及它在中考英语中的考查点,作以简要的总结和分析,供同学们学习时参考。

1

动词不定式作主语

1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.

A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省)

2. It's hard for us _________ English well.

A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)

3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。

It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)

4. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.

A. for,of B. of, for C. to, for D. of, to(安徽省)

Keys:1. A 2. C 3. take, to,build 4. B

[简析]动词不定式作主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置,也可以用先行词it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有:(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词 (for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容词 (for sb)to do sth.句式 (1)中常用nice,kind, clever,good, right,wrong, foolish, careless等形容词,与介词of搭配,这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质;句式(4)中常用hard,difficult, easy, important等形容词,与介词for搭配,表述不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。

2

动词不定式作宾语

1. He wants ______ some vegetables.

A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)

2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.

A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省)

3. He found it very difficult ______.

A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)

Keys:1. C 2. A 3. D

[简析]在want, like, agree,hope,wish, learn, begin, start, seem, decide, hate, choose, forget, remember等动词后面,可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时,则可以用it作形式宾语,而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。

3

动词不定式作宾语补足语

1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.

A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省)

2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.

A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省)Key:1. B 2. C

[简析]不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 :ask, teach, expect,tell, allow等。

4

动词不定式作状语

1. She went ______ her teacher.

A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)

2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key:1. A 2. C

[简析]go, come, try,do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时,其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。

3. I'm sorry ______ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)

4. I'm sorry ______ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)

Keys:3. D 4. B

[简析]“be +形容词+ to do sth”结构中的不定式作状语,常表示原因或方式。

5. The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子)The hole ______ ______ ______ ______ such a fat panda to go through. (广东省)

6. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasn't ______ enough ______ people ______ ______ ______. (广东省)

Keys: 5. is, too,small, for 6. thick, for,to, skate,on

[简析]在上述“too +形容词/副词 (for sb)to do…”(太……而不能……)和“enough (for sb) to do…”(足以、足够……做……)结构中,不定式作结果状语。B13a.

篇9:初中英语辅导:动词不定式作主语用法小结

初中英语辅导:动词不定式作主语用法小结

动词不定式的基本形式为“to + 动词原形”,其否定形式是“not to +动词原形”。它能起名词的'作用,在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。动词不定式在作主语时,用法主要有以下两种:

一、动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语,而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。如: It's not easy to learn a foreign language well. (=To learn a foreign language well is not easy.) 学好一门外语不容易。

在此句型中,如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可在不定式前加一个for 引起的短语,作不定式的逻辑主语。如:

It's difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。

It's hard for me to answer your question. 要我回答你的问题很难。

但是,如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite 等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,则应在不定式前加一个of 引起的短语。如:

这个例子属于上面的换一个of引起的。

It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我,真好。

注意:

1. of sb.和for sb.这两种结构还有一个区别,在of sb.结构中,可用sb.直接作句子的主语来改写成“It's+形容词+of sb.+动词不定式”结构。试比较:

It's foolish of him to go alone. (=He was foolish to go alone.) 他单独出去太傻了。

It's kind of you to give me the book. (=You are kind to give me the book.) 你给我这本书,真是太好了。

for sb.结构则不能这样转换。例如,不可以说:We are difficult to finish the work.

2. 动词不定式作主语,同时有另一个不定式作表语时,不能转换成“It's...to do sth.”的句型。如:

[正] To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

[误] It's to believe to see.

二、“疑问代(副)词+动词不定式”也可以在句中作主语。如:

How to control the water pollution is a big problem. 如何控制水污染是一个大问题。

When to start the project remains undecided. 什么时候开始这项工程仍然没有决定。

篇10:初中英语系动词用法

1、感官动词

Feel, smell, sound, taste, touch

This flower smells very nice.

2、状态系动词,表主语状态,只有be

He is a teacher.

3、持续性动词,表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度

Keep, rest, remain, stay, lie

He always keeps silent at class.

4、变化系动词, 表示主语变成什么样

Become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run

He became fat in winter holiday.

其实很多系动词可以当系动词,也可以当实义动词,但用法有所不同。如:Look

Look at my hand 实义动词,看

She looks amazing.系动词

be动词is,am,are用法详解

初中英语系动词用法

初中英语宝典之动词

初中英语介词的用法

初中英语代词的用法

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