下面小编为大家带来雅思阅读正确思考方式讲解，本文共10篇，希望大家喜欢!本文原稿由网友“在你窗里看月亮”提供。
篇1：雅思阅读正确思考方式讲解
雅思阅读与四六级考试对比
首先我将会对比一下雅思考官在设置选择题时和国内的考官设置选择题的思路上的差异性，在这里将会以大学英语四六级来进行对比。
在最新的四六级考试报告中，对于阅读部分考试的能力解读如下：
A. 理解明示的信息
01 理解主旨大意 02 理解细节信息 03 理解作者明确表达的观点，态度等
B. 理解隐含的信息
04 概括主旨大意 05 推断隐含的意义 06 判断作者的观点，态度等
C. 运用语言特征理解文章
07 根据上下文猜测词和短语的意义 08 理解句间关系(如因果，比较，条件等) 09 运用词汇及语法衔接手段理解篇章各个部分之间的关系
我们会发现在四六级考试大纲中，明确将“理解隐含的信息”作为阅读的考试能力，这一点是值得备考雅思的同学格外需要关注的，在雅思阅读考试中，考官对于这个很少做考察的。
绝大部分的雅思阅读中的选择题都是对于原文中细节的考察，在原文中有精准的定位，根据定位信息进行改写(paraphrase)得来。而很多同学在进行雅思阅读的选择题时，会掺杂着以往做选择题的思维特点，不知道题目的重点究竟在哪里，根据自己模糊的理解，甚至带入自己个人的主观观点，导致错误。
篇2：雅思阅读正确思考方式讲解
那么我们应该如何进行选择题的精准定位呢?很多考生不太会引起关注，他们认为这个题型的定位的信息包含题干和选项，定位的信息量大，所以定位难度不会很大。
但是实际上，学生在做题时，遇到最大的问题是他们往往可以通过题目中的定位词找到原文中对应的段落，却不知道在段落中如何锁定答案对应的考点句，读来读去没有办法快速做出选择。
我们会发现学生在解题时，往往只会关注题目中的 1-2 个关键词，往往会忽略题干中真正让我们选择信息的方向，我将它称为选择题的考点。也就是在很多选择题的题干中，学生需要分析的是定位词 +考点。
以 C7-Page 28 第 29 题为例 :
In this passage, the author uses the examples of a book and a lecture to illustrate that
A both of these are important for developing concentration.
B his theory about methods of learning is valid.
C reading is a better technique for learning than listening.
D we can remember things more easily under hypnosis.
在这道题中学生很快会划出 book and lecture，但是在原文中找出对应的部分时，我们会发现占据了约一段的内容，学生就会迷失在茫茫的信息中，无法快速选出正确的答案。
而这道题干经过仔细的观察，我们会发现除了定位的关键词外，题干中的考点在于 uses the examples to illustrate，如果学生能很好的理解这个部分，一定会将重点放在举例的目的上，阅读的内容就会锁定在例子前的观点句上，仔细阅读观点句，节省大量的时间，也会提高答案的准确性。
再以 C5-Test 3-reading 39 题为例，
In Dr Leake's opinion, the reputation of AI suffered as a result of
A changing perceptions.
B premature implementation.
C poorly planned projects.
D commercial pressures.
在这道题中，学生的错误率非常高，大部分都可以学生根据 reputation of AI 定位到文章中的 D 段。
D Ironically, in some ways Al was a victim of its own success. Whenever an apparently mundane problem was solved, such as building a system that could land an aircraft unattended, the problem was deemed not to have been Al in the first place. ‘If it works, it can't be Al,’ as Dr Leake characterises it. The effect of repeatedly moving the goal-posts in this way was that AI came to refer to ‘blue-sky’ research that was still years away from commercialisation. Researchers joked that Al stood for ‘almost implemented’. Meanwhile, the technologies that made it onto the market, such as speech recognition, language translation and decision-support software, were no longer regarded as Al. Yet all three once fell well within the umbrella of Al research.
但是在选择具体选项时，基本上每一个选项都有人选，尤其是在文章中有部分单词对应的选项，如 D commercial pressures 和 原 文 中 的 commercialization，B premature implementation 和 原 文 中 的‘almost implemented’，都有学生会选择。如果我们仔细抠题，我们会发现这道题的题干中的考点设置在 the reputation of AI suffered as a result of 中的因果关系上，具体来说就是选择出 as a result of 后面的原因部分。用这样的思路来审题，我们会发现在原文中大家会对因果的表达加倍的敏感，能够找出考点句：The effect of repeatedly moving the goal-posts in this way was that AI came to refer to ‘blue-sky’ research that was still years away from commercialization.
这个句子在学生看来依然会很长，难度较大，但是如果牢牢记住只需要抓出原因部分，找到 effect of repeatedly moving the goal-posts，同义替换为 A changing perceptions 。
对于以上两道题目的分析，我们可以看到，同学们在做雅思阅读的选择题时，一定要充分的挖掘题干中的信息，除了大家比较熟悉的定位词之外，要把重点放在题目的考点设置上，紧扣考点，在定位的段落中找到和题干最相关的那一少部分信息，再通过和选项信息的同义替换的匹配，快速选出答案。
雅思阅读题目预测：Ocean power
文章题目 Ocean power
重复年份 0829A 1024
题材 能源
题型 选择 3+配对 5+句子填空 5
文章大意 本文介绍了各种海洋资源，包括了潮汐能、洋流能、波浪能和海底热能。
部分答案参考：
选择
在海洋中建立 Tidal power plant 的 positive effects?
A. A range of sea shore
B. cost of establishing a tidal power plant
C. it is helpful to establish transportation system
D. effect of fish and some other sea life around
配对题
A. Tidal energy
B. Current energy
C. Thermal energy
1. which kind of energy has already been subject to a successful trial
A
2. A
3. Which kind of energy has been largely used during the past time? B
4. Which kind of energy has failed in an experiment? C
摘要总结题
1. Water, above 30 ℃, will be 冲到水底产生能量
2. ammonia
3. 热能机制里用到了水冲刷 turbine 的原理
4. 深度是海底 500 米
雅思阅读题目预测
文章题目 The influence of social network to people's loneliness
重复年份 0920 0622
题材 人文社科
题型 配对 6+选择 4+判断 4
文章题目 Expert in musician
重复年份 0130 20140517
题材 人文社科
题型 选择 4+判断 6+填空 4
文章题目 Newly Hatched birds
重复年份 20150430 20130718 0821 0922
题材 动物
题型 暂无
文章大意 有一种通过敲击蛋壳加速蛋的孵化，并解释了同时孵化的原因。后面又比较了各种鸟的喂食方式。
参考阅读： The changes in body weight and composition were examined in broilers that either had immediate access to feed and water or had not been fed for 48 h posthatch. Chicks without access to feed decreased in BW by 7.8% in the 48 h posthatch, which was equivalent to 5.3 kcal/45 g chick/d. However, during this period the small intestines increased in weight and protein content by 80% or more. The decrease in yolk fat and protein could account for most of the changes in body composition in the feed-deprived chick. In contrast, fed chicks grew by 5 g and used 4.5 kcal/d for maintenance; during this period small intestines increased in weight by 110%. Intestinal absorption of exogenous nutrients was determined from hatch through 4 d posthatch by administration of a bolus of labeled glucose, methionine, or oleic acid, together with a nonabsorbed reference substance. Absorption of fatty acids was more than 80% at hatch and was higher than that of glucose and methionine, which was low especially when the bolus was administered as a solution. Absorption of all components tested increased with age and was more than 80% on Day 4. Duodenal in situ uptake determinations in hatching chicks indicated that uptake of oleic acid was high from yolk and saline solutions compared with glucose and methionine, which exhibited low uptake from yolk but higher uptake from saline solutions. These studies indicate that, alt=“11月17日雅思阅读机经小范围预测”hough the small intestine has the capacity to absorb carbohydrates and amino acids at hatch, uptake may be dependant on the development of suitable conditions, including sufficient pancreatic and brush border enzymes for digestion and adequate sodium for function of the glucose-sodium cotransporters.
文章题目 The Grimme Fairy Tale
重复年份 20150704 20140313
题材 文学
题型 判断 6+单选 4+选词填空 4
部分答案参考：
判断：
27. N the Grimme brother knew they would gain international fame, the lasting
fame would shock the Grimmes
28. NG the Grimmes were inforced to do work of their own secret
29. Y the sales of Fairy Tale in England was higher than in German
30. NG
31. Y some parents still thought the Fiary Tale was not good for their children
32. N the fairy Tale author considered the man who made contribution to the
story of Cinderella as the original model
雅思阅读小范围预测
文章题目 The history of Russian Ballet
重复年份 20160114 20150418 1124
题材 发展史
题型 判断 6+填空 7
文章大意 芭蕾舞发源于意大利，从 17 世纪后传入俄 国后一直欣欣向荣。出了很多优秀的艺术家和作品，外国舞派也对俄 国芭蕾舞发展有着影响。后期以戏剧味发展主流，一直讲到本世纪 70 年代的发展
参考阅读： Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.
Empress Anna, (1730 – 1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.
France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).
In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive. ..
文章题目 Aquaculture in New Zealand
重复年份 20160114 20151031 20121124 0212
题材 农业
题型 小标题 7+人名理论配对 3+句子填空 3
文章大意 新西兰水产养殖，介绍了新西兰一种新型保护海底动物多样性兼顾商业运作的方式一 aquaculture , 其发展遇到的问题及前景。
部分参考答案：
小标题
14. vi (一个受益的村庄)
15. vii (company’s profit)
16. 选含 limitation 的那项
17. 选含 concerns to environment 的那项
18. 选含 alternative explanation 的那项
19. 选含 research 的那项
20. 选含 science and business 的那项
填空题
24. polyculture/aquaculture
25. commercial partner
26. market value/high price
文章题目 Expert in musician
重复年份 20160130 20140517
题材 人文社科
题型 选择 4+判断 6+填空 4
文章大意 天赋是遗传先天的还是靠练习，主要以音乐为例。讨论坚持不懈对成功的作用和他们的关系。首先探讨了毅力是否是成功的必要条件，并阐述了众多学家就此提出的各类观点。在论证天才是不是也需要坚持不懈时，举例了莫扎特一个人坚持找工作的过程。最后证明了坚持不懈和成功的关系密切
篇3：雅思阅读技巧讲解
雅思阅读技巧：配对题
配对题(matching)
此种题型是IELTS阅读考试a类中比较普遍的题型，配对的范围主要在：事件和事件的发展过程;原因和结果;文章中的概念和概念的解释;某种标志性事物和其所在的时代;新
产品和发明家、时间等。
配对题答题步骤：
1. 仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。
2. 查看例句，确定答题方式。
3. 弄清那些选项是同义选项，那些选项是反义选项，那些选项是有关数字选项。
4. 根据在题目中自己划出的中心词在原文中寻找信息点，注意以大写、斜体、括号和引号方式出现的概念。
5. 对于有关人名与理论、新产品和发明家、时间的配对题，首先要快速找出人名、公司名和时间，然后在附近的上下文中找答案。
雅思阅读技巧：完成图表题
完成图表、示意图题型(table、chart or diagram completion)
这部分题型是要根据文章所给出的信息，将图表内缺失的内容(或数据)填补出来。在IELTS阅读测试中，有很多种图表及示意图。这些图表中虽然词/语不多，但却能够明确说明问题的答案。通常这些图表会附在所给阅读文章之内，作为文章的一部分。切记不可忽略这些图表。图表填空的关键在于分析图表中已存在的文字信息点所在，然后根据已给出的信息点寻找对应的信息。
完成图表、示意图题答题步骤：
1. 详细查看答题指引，以确定图表为何种信息。
2. 查看例句，了解图表内容及答题方式。
3. 查看图表题目栏中词语及数字符号。
4. 查看图表中的说明及注释部分。
5. 利用问句中的关键词语，在所给图表中寻找答案。
雅思阅读技巧：回答问题题
回答问题(short-answer question tasks)
回答问题是根据所给文章或图表回答问题。在IELTS阅读测试中通常是用下列单词提问：. what、which、when、where、who、whose、whom、why、how 等。除了利用上述单词进行提问外，有时会在答题指引中将所提问题列出。
回答问题答题步骤：
1. 仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。
2. 查看例句，确定答题方式。
3. 要确定问句的种类，一般疑问句可按正常形式回答(例如：yes/no)，如果是选择疑问句或者是以wh/how开头的问句就一定要具体回答
4. 仔细理解问句所提问题。
5. 特别要注意问句中所提问题的关键词语(例如：单数、复数)，以及问句中表明数量、时间、地点的词语。
6. 将问句中的关键词语与文章中相关句子中的词语进行匹配。
7. 确定问句与文章中相关句子含义是否一致，得出答案。
雅思阅读技巧：辨别正误题
辨别正误题型(True / false /not given)
该题型还涉及到：(not given / not mentioned)没有提到，有时还会出现下列提法accurate / inaccurat 精确/不精确;supported / contradicted 一致/不一致。 correct / incorrect 正确与不正确。辨别正误题型属于难度较大的题型。通常在阅读测试中的第三或第四部分出现。
在规定的时间内如不能完成某一组题，留出一分钟，用逻辑方法猜测答案做答。这一方法在回答辨别正误(True; false; not given)题型时很有效。逻辑猜题在IELTS测试中是答题的一个很关键的方法。事实上由于时间的限制，很多题是通过此方法求出的。
辨别正误题答题步骤：
1. 详细阅读并理解答题指引部分，确定答题方式。
2. 确切理解问句的含义，严格按照文章本身意思理解和推断，不要想当然。
3. 找出问句中的关键词语。
4. 利用关键词语在文章中确定答案位置。
5. 仔细查看文章中关键词语所在句子中的含义。必要时应查看关键词语所在句子前后句子的含义。认真区分false和not given，false与原文相反、相冲突;not give则不相冲突，但未提及。
6.可利用语法、词法判断答案所在相关句子的肯定与否定含义。
雅思阅读技巧：段落标题题
Paragraph headings(段落标题)最频繁的题型之一
在阅读文章的后面给出list of headings,一般是10个左右选项，其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落，根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个，但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。
段落标题类答题步骤：
1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。
2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。
3. 对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。
4. 如果时间允许，按照文章的段落顺序，对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读，而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后，再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。
5. 选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个)，当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。
6. 对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配，不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间，而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配，最后所剩即为该难题的答案。
7. 要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。
篇4：雅思阅读信号词讲解
例词：similarly， in other words， that is， put another way， as …
考点： Thus， we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.(C4， P28， Q40)
解析：题目考的是对文章的总结。因此解题时重点看文章中表示结论的句子，thus这个单词给了我们提示，而句子中的as.。.do表达的是一个相似的逻辑，因此答案可以确定为B。
雅思阅读信号词之四、排列次序
例词：firstly， second， another， the second， the most， the best， next， then， now， later， since， eventually， finally…
考点：First， it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second， it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world i an objective and impersonal way，。。. (C5， P49， Q30-31)
解析：题目30-31考的是并列和否定的逻辑关系，原文中的first， second， 对应的就是题目中的neither.。.nor.。。这个并列关系，这两题的答案就迎刃而解了。
考点：First mechanism， then mass use of chemical fertiliser and pesticides， then monocultures， then battery rearing of livestock， and now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last hal- century， as the yields of produce have soared. (C7， P44， Q15)
解析：段首句连用表示次序的信号词，first， then， then… and now， 体现发展的不同阶段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7 P77 选择配对)
篇5：雅思阅读信号词讲解
例词：in fact， in essence， in particular， emphasize…
考点：This， in essence， is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates… (C5， P21， Q18 信息包含题)
解析：信息包含题考察细节是在哪个段落出现，在做此类题目时，要注意信号词与考点的密切相关性，从而迅速找准答案。这里出现了in essence(实质上)，起了一定的强调作用，迅速扫读后，发现同时出现了题目关键词sociobiology， 破折号后面的介词to表目的，与题目中的the general aim of一致对应。
雅思阅读信号词之六、最高级、比较级
例词：–est， most， best， more， better， superior， inferior， preferable， exclusively， extremely.。。
考点：Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain， animal or human. (C5， P44， Q24)
解析：题目中出现了最高级the most difficult tasks， 因此在原文中也应该相应的出现最高级。除了明显的the most， -est， 还有些单词本身也含有最高级的含义，比如extremely， exclusively， superficially， 文中的这个extremely demanding对应的就是题目中的最高级，所以答案也确定。
雅思阅读信号词之七、因果关系
例词：as， because， since， lead to， as a result， result in， consequently， therefore， thus， the caused of…
考点：Until recently， not much was known about the topic， and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence， schools would often deny the problem.(C6， P94， Q33)
解题：题目问的是学校否认问题反应了什么，就是这个现象的根本原因。因此原文中consequence就给解题提供了信息，根据consequence之前的一句话就可以将答案找到。
雅思阅读信号词八、举例子和说明
例词：for example， for instance， that is to say， i.e.， such as， including…
考点：Other substances were then introduced： including fillers， such as woodflour， asbestos or cotton… (C5， P39， Q5 流程图)
解析：我们看到such as后面是举例子，such as后面的例子可以作为定位词，woodflour， asbestos， cotton就是fillers的其中一种。Fillers在这里就是一个概括性的词语，常常是考点。
攻克雅思考试学术类阅读方法
一、雅思学术阅读理解准备步骤:
一般来说有五个步骤:快速阅读、断句、词汇记忆、模拟练习和总结技巧。
1、快速阅读：平时进行大量的快速阅读。可选的阅读材料有：TIME, NEWSWEEK, THE ECONOMIST, CHINADAILY, 21st CENTURY等。因为雅思考试与时代紧密相连，具有一定的时效性，所以报刊文章为泛读的首选。阅读报刊文章应选择一般性的题材，如科普，社会问题，学术观点性的文章，而政治，军事，尖端科技的文章可以略过。采取的阅读方式为快速阅读。
2、难句突破:在精读和雅思考试中，将复杂的难句提取出来，然后分析句子结构，彻底消化难点。虽然在雅思阅读中不可能再现原句，但难句的结构基本没有变化。
3、词汇:词汇量不够，应该是一个词汇惊喜。雅思词汇量约为6000至8000个单词。词汇量少也是导致阅读理解缓慢的一个重要因素。
4、模拟练习:下一步将做雅思模拟考试，进一步熟悉考试类型。熟练阅读问题。有两点需要特别注意:第一，雅思阅读中必须熟悉各种题型，雅思考试报名,雅思报名尤其是主观题，如简答题、填空、小结等。第二，看题目，因为雅思阅读题比较灵活，可以对/错/没有给出答案，所以先看你想做什么，然后开始，不要做“没用的”。
5、总结技巧:注意分析日常阅读理解，总结解决问题的技巧。如果个人复习情况不好，可以根据自己的实际情况选择合适的补习班。
经过全面的复习，我们将进入考场。在考场上，考生需要掌握以下实用技能，才能发挥出水平:
首先，考生应该明确雅思是一种现实生活中的语言应用，所以雅思阅读要遵循现实生活中的阅读习惯——检索信息。考生应牢记雅思阅读原则:阅读不是为了阅读，而是为了解决问题。当你做题的时候，你应该先看题目，然后带着问题到课文中去寻找、检索和定位信息，而不是试图理解每一个句子。不要贪心读书，到目前为止，雅思考试没有拿到满分，所以我们要保持冷静的心态。提出一些问题是很正常的。不要因为某个问题造成更多的损失，考生应该充分意识到放弃意味着什么。
其次，是在试卷上作记号。一方面做记号帮助集中注意力，不受外界干扰，尽快进入做题状态。另一方面，在看不懂的地方做记号，提高阅读速度。考生们阅读速度的一大障碍就是在难点处反复回视。实际上，一个句子回头看两遍还不至所云，就应在旁边打一个问号，跳过。如果问号的地方涉及考题，再回过头细读。IELTS与TOEFL不同，大家不仅可以在考卷上作记号，还要在平时训练中养成做记号的快速阅读习惯。
第三，考试时一定要把握好时间的节奏。先快速浏览这三篇文章，然后从你认为哪个更容易开始。学术阅读理解文章数量为3篇，时间为60分钟。每篇文章平均分配20分钟。不要在一篇文章上花太多时间。
考生只要掌握如何应对考试，明确生活中的阅读习惯，综合实战技能，就完全能够在阅读理解中取得理想的成绩。
雅思阅读分类词汇：环境类
conservation 保护，保存 ( conserve)v.s. conversation
environmentalist = conservationist
acid 酸 酸的 (alkali)acid rain
carbon 碳 (C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide
fume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smog
petroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gas
ozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layer
ooze 渗出 渗出物
radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactive
greenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gases
solar 太阳的 (solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)
phenomenon 现象
catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm
deterioration 恶化 ( deteriorate)
extinction 灭绝 ( extinct)
species endangered species
drought 干旱 (^ “找它”)>>>famine v.s. flooding
recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrent
inundate 淹没 ^ “淹掉它”
embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment)
sediment 沉积(物)= deposit
delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta
alluvial 冲积的
desertification desert (v.s. dessert)
dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstorm
barren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的
dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!
attributable 归因于be attributable to…
deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)de + forest + ation afforestation/reforestation
log 原木，日志 伐木v.s. logo
vegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarian
habitat 栖息地 habit (Habit is the second nature.)
ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system)~ ecolog
雅思词汇速记方法盘点：大浪淘沙法
浪淘沙法：
如果你的目标是一天记住100个单词，那么所需背诵的单词数量要达到500个。因为人的记忆力是有限的，所以不要指望只背20个单词，就能记住全部并且永远不会忘记。将每天背诵的数量定在500个，虽然你实际记住的也许只有100个，但是这100个一定是你记得最牢的。
把没有记住的单词继续放到第二天的计划中，这样天天坚持，就会看到成效。这个方法好比用筛子过滤沙砾，虽然漏掉的是大多数，但剩下的却是精华。要在短时间内背出大量的单词，必须“以量取胜”，持之以恒。
篇6：雅思阅读正确答题顺序
雅思阅读3篇文章难度有差异么?教你正确答题顺序
雅思考试的三篇文章和题目，难度是递增的，一般而言，是对客观事实出题，第二篇文章最可能出现Matching Headings，并会先出现题目后出现文章，第三篇文章会有比较多的arguments and opinions，一般会涉及到多个角色的观点，长度和题目数量也最多。
雅思阅读文章难度分析
首先，雅思三篇文章的难度是不一样的。
通常来讲三篇文章的难度是逐渐递增的。也就是说，第一篇文章的难度是最低的。所以，在第一篇阅读文章就望而却步的宝宝们，大家的路还很长啊……
第一篇文章用时多久才恰当?
这个问题比较因人而异。平均来说雅思每篇阅读文章的时间分配都应该是20分钟。因此在做第一篇阅读时如果只是过去了15分钟，那么建议大家还是把第一篇文章先搞定，心理上轻装上阵攻克下面两篇。
如果时间已经过去20分钟以上，你还是有几道题找不到答案，这个时候就建议大家学会取舍，先完成后面的文章与题目，再回头来确定难点题目的答案。
雅思阅读题目设置与文章形式相关吗?
大家在做阅读时要了解的一个小窍门，文章的类型与后面匹配的题目是有相关性的。
以第一篇文章为例，大家会发现文章类型大多是事实描述的说明文，比如介绍某项事物的历史、用途、特点等等，相对来说观点类论述会比较少。因此，第一篇文章的题目类型会侧重在你对 factual information，也就是客观事实的把控能力上。
在第一篇文章后你经常见到的题型是：short answer类; table completion类或者T/F/NG类。
第二篇文章的题型设置通常会考察一下你的综合概括能力，比如 matching headings类;listing of headings类。当然，这种heading类题型是设置在文章之前的，直接告诉你阅读时概括理解是重点。
难度最高的第三篇文章中会出现很多的argument观点论据等等。文中可能会出现很多人对于某一事物或者理论的看法，支持与反对的意见交织在文中。不仅如此，这篇文章的长度通常是最长的，题目设置量也是最多的。因此第三篇文章后的题目设置类型经常会出现：multiple choice类;Y/N/NG类。
细心的同学们发现了吧，第一篇文章的判断题通常设置为T/F, 第三篇文章则为Y/N。这两种题型可不是考官随心所欲的任性产物。一般来说T/F问法的题目设置大多为事实以及细节判断，因此常见于第一篇阅读。而需要判断Y/N的题目大多是观点或态度等主观层面的论述。出现在第三篇文章后就不奇怪啦。
雅思阅读小范围预测
题目：the nature of yawning
内容：关于打哈欠传染的研究
题型：段落细节匹配5道+特殊词匹配4道+填空4道
题号：0922
文章大意：讲关于打呵欠传染的研究，主要有三个研究机构开展的研究。第一个机构研究发 现打呵欠是人类冷却大脑的一种方式。后面两个研究发现打呵欠和个人的性格、同情心、专 业背景有关，和性别无关。最后讲了呵欠产生的过程，提到有一种理论讲的是呵欠可能是人类 交流的一种方式，用于提醒同伴你累了需要休息，从而要求对方打起精神应对危险。
部分答案回忆：
14. C imagining leads to yawning
15. D occupation and inclination to yawning
16. A overview of research
17. B body temperature and yawning
18. B disapprove of a theory
19. B not difference in gender
20. C mental disorder 文中定位：autism
21. A the way we breathe 文中定位：inhale
22. B trained yawn more than the untrained
23. bond用来联系人类情感
24 danger危险的时候警示别人
rest特别是需要休息的时候
non-verbal是人类肢体语言的一种
题目：the nature of music
内容：对音乐的研究，介绍音乐历史和音乐对人类的影响
题型：选择4道+段落信息匹配5道+判断5道 参考答案：
25. C定位词：第一段中的 nature of music ,答案：many elements
26. D 定位词：language and music ,答案：STEVE
27. A 定位词：Neanderthals 答案：show reactions
28. C定位词：Neanderthals and homo sapiens 答案：for partners
31 . D 定位词：feature and music ,答案：change in all cultures
32. C 定位词：Mithen ,答案：reference for other people
33. A定位词：precious research ,答案：limited in the range of research
34. E 定位词：power of emotion ,答案：long history
35. B 定位词：reviewer disagrees with Mithen ,答案：modem speech 影响音乐
36. TRUE most discussion ignore physical factors
37. TRUE shared features/small societies/remote areas
38. NOT GIVEN people talk to babies/similar to/Neandethals music
39. FALSE Mithen support Steve
40. NOT GIVEN modem people depend heavily on electronic music
题目：Thomas Young ～The Last True Know一It一All
题材：人物传记
题型：判断7+填空6
参考文章：
A Thomas Young(1773一1829)contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, Including 46 Biographical entries(mostly on scientists and classicists) and substantial essays on “Bridge,”Chromatics,“ ”Egypt,“”Languages, and“Tides” Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath, a genius or a dilettante? In an ambitious new biography, Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph“the last man who knew everything” Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823一1891) and Paula Findlen's book on Athanasius Kircher (1602一1680), another polymath.
B Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries . He presented hid first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 2O and was elected a Fellow a week after his 2lst birthday. In the paper, Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye一on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that, to account for the ability to see in color, there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three ”principal colors“ to which the retina could respond: red, green, violet. All these hypotheses were subsequently proved to be correct.
C Later in his life, when he was in his forties, Young was instrumental in cracking the code that Unlocked the unknown s cript on the Rosetta Stone,a tablet that was ”found“ in Egypt by the Napo leonic army in1799.The stone contains text in three alphabets: Greek, something Unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable s cript is now known as demotic and, as Young deduced, is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry, he coined the term Indo一European to des cribe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who，unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an adult.
D Bom in 1773 in Somerset in England, Young lived from an early age with his maternal Grandfather ,eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He had devoured books from the age of two, and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin, Greek, mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school , he was greatly encouraged by his mother's uncle, Richard Brocklesby, a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London, following the medical circuit, and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh, G6ttingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808, Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George’s Hospital.
E Young’s skill as a physician, however, did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society, a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica, and throughout his career he authored numerous books, essays and papers.
F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect, but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson^ aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young5s work and life. He succeeds, providing clear expositions of the technical material (especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs). Some readers of this book will, like Robinson, find Young’s accomplishments impressive; others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book, readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiaes. Young was introduced into elite society, attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman. However, his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.
G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804, and according to Robinson, ”their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work11 Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Veiy little evidence survives about the complexities of Young5s relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them, or anyone else, with shaping Young5 s extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young5 s relationships, however, anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.
参考答案：
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1 ?
In boxes 1 -7 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1 The last man who knew everything’ has also been claimed to other people. True
2 All Young articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica. False
3 Like others, Young wasn’t so brilliant when grew up. False
4 Young talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills. NG
5 Young advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues. True
6 Young was interested in various social pastimes. True
7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years. NG
Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica? 46
9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper? Human eye accommodation
10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages? Indo-European
11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies? Richard Brocklesby
12 Where did Young get a teaching position? Royal Institution
13 What contribution did Young make to London? Gas lighting
篇7：雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解
1.名词和动词的替换 2.形容词和副词的替换 3.数字的替换 fortnight----14 days 4.主动语态和被动语态的替换
5.同义词和同义词组的替换 assistant------help，travel to------go to， rather than------prefer to， book ---reserve
6.双重否定和肯定表达之间的替换
7.因果关系连词之间的同义替换。如考生应注意这些因果关系的连词有些是把原因放在前面，而有些是需要把结果放在前面。所以做题时如有替换发生，不要混淆。
篇8：雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解
1.同义词转换
这是最常见的同义转换。例如pen被替换成something you write with, more than被替换成over，consist of，可以用be made up of，be composed of，contains等等，time management被替换成了use time effectively，都是同义词的转换。考生在平时做完题之后，要总结出来同义词的替换，这样会提高非常快。雅思选择题里很多内容都是这样体现的。
2.解释型同义转换
解释型转换是指题干中出现一个较大的或者较抽象的概念，说话者没有直接说出这个词，而是用一段话来解释，将所表述的概念或者事物更加具体化。通常是用一个比较通俗易懂的例子来代替。而听力原文中把这一概念具体化，用一个通俗易懂的例子来代替它。例如，选项中的metal industry在录音中被an iron forge取代。iron属于metal，是metal的一种。而forge在这里是铁匠铺的意思，是industry的具体化。
再如剑四Test2 Section1中的Question 3里，正确答案的选项an American man被替换成了a tourist from New York. 这里用美国的一个城市纽约为例，代替了美国这个整体的概念。
篇9：雅思听力同义替换方式及规律讲解
1.词性的转换 (同根词替换)
词性的转换，我们也叫同根词，是指常用词性之间的转换，如形容词，名词，动词，和副词等。
例如：在剑四Test3 Section3中的24题
Reading sessions help students to read
A. analytically.
B. as fast as possible.
C. thoroughly.
原文中出现的是analyzing material… 正确答案在选项中出现的是副词形式，而在原文中以动名词的形式出现。所以有些同学可能注意不到，建议同学们在准备雅思听力词汇的时候，一定要注意每个单词的各种词性都掌握到位。例如：benefit变成beneficial，health 变成healthy, flexibility变成flexible等等。
2.句式的转换
常见的句型转换有：
a)主动语态与被动语态的变化，或者说用了不同的连词将句子的结构进行了调整或者前后颠倒。比如说Since……,…… 和……because……这两个都是我们比较熟悉的表示因果关系的句型，它们之间的区别就在于，前一个是since引导原因，后一个是because引导原因，所以出现了前后顺序颠倒的状况。例如， 考生听到了a thief stole his wallet, 在选项中可能换成his wallet was stolen。
b)陈述句和疑问句的转换。例如，题目中的陈述信息往往在原文中被转化成由一个说话人进行发问，再由另一个说话人做出肯定或者否定的回答。如果另一个人的态度是肯定的，那么这个信息就是正确的答案，否则就是干扰项。
如剑四Test3 Section1中的Question5：
Sara requires a ______.
A single room
B twin room
C triple room
原文中，Sara没有直接说I want or I require something.而是以疑问句的形式询问Can I share a room with someone else?，也就是对Sara requires a twin room进行了句式上的同义转换，陈述句和疑问句的转换。但是要注意，刚才说过，陈述句转换成疑问句之后，还需要另一个说话人给出肯定的回答，才能最终确定下来答案。所以要听到另一个人说‘Yes， fine.’之后，才能确定B选项为正确答案。
雅思听力机经预测section Four部分
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 0118
学科 建筑
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 荷兰立体房屋介绍cube house
雅思听力填空10
1. as a function of village
His design represents a village within a city
2. Each cub building’s shape like a tree
The concept behind these houses is that he tries to create a forest by each cube representing an abstract tree; therefore the whole village becomes a forest.
3. on the top of bridge in central city
The city of Rotterdam asked him to design housing on top of a pedestrian bridge and he decided to use the cubic houses idea.
4. he met the problem of finance
5. inside the house … three pillars made of concrete
The structure of the pole consists of three concrete pillars that have concrete block filling the space in between. As for the cube, the basic structure is concrete floor with concrete pillars. On top of this structure is something similar to a typical wood frame structure with wood stud framing and rockwool insulation. To protect the wooden frame and the insulation from exposure to the elements, they are covered with cement/wood fiberboards. To give the cube a nice appearance, zinc panels were used and complemented by double-glazed windows.
6. one Building between ..and school of architecture The houses contain three floors:
7. The lower level and top level are triangle-shaped
? Ground floor entrance
? First floor with living room and open kitchen the medium level is
8. and a study (business) hall
9. Top floor which is sometimes used as a small garden
The cubes are titled and sit on hexagon-shaped pole structures. The cubes contain the living areas, which are spilt into three levels. The triangle-shaped business.
10. 房子的居住者 in their one advantage of a convenient location and reasonable price yet with good facilities.
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 075
学科 历史
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 非洲游牧部落和定居部落-difference between settled nations and nomadic nations
1. vertical
2 then for accommodation, settlers: nomad cabin
3. transport by camel
4. young people
5. farmers help local residents
6. what to exchange for settlers: green grain
7.What to exchange for nomad clothing
8. harvest food and meat
9. live in tents
10. intermediate mixed between two lifestyle /portable
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 1119 2011097
学科 心理学
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 economic and trust经济学和信托基金
雅思听力填空10：
1. Trust rely on kindness
2. Reduce poverty
3. Paying attention to face (hard in laboratory)
4. Involve a condition
5. sometimes be measurable
6. Animals send out oxytocin when interaction occurs
7. First participant send out money. Second participants have no obligation to
return
8. First participants don't have expectation of receiving money
9. have higher oxytocin levels
10. improve corporations social glue
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20150418
学科 健康
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空10
雅思听力内容概述 食物和儿童健康
1. Survey for ingredients
2. stored food quality
3.cooking temperature changes in affecting the frozen food
4. supermarkets use images to attract customers
5. prime motivation: the source of the information
6. only concern for sales
7. for entertainments activities such as
8. organic food in American market
9. food safety and nutrition safety as in cooking process
10. healthy choices depend on the parents
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 1002 095
学科 生物
雅思听力题型 雅思听力单选8 雅思听力填空2
雅思听力内容概述 有关海洋生物的报告，例如海豹，海藻, 海藻，食人鲸等
1. why today’s research is more accurate than the past:
A. better equipments
B. wider geographical cooperation
C. team work improves their work efficiency
2.What is main idea of this lecture:
A. impact of a special extinction on other species
B. human activities impacts to the environment
C. conservation of species
3. About 1000 years ago, sea otter was captured in the area of: village
4. one spot in Alaska
5. 100 years ago, when Spanish came to America, fur trade started.
6. Number of sea otter fell (past tense)
7. Number of sea urchin rose (past tense) (tip: here is the relationship of
ocean otter, ocean urchin and kelp forest drops. Vice versa.
8. see urchin flourish(ment) (tip: in the recording, they use the word of “explosion”)
雅思听力填空2
9. seals
10. In the future, scientists predict kelp forest will decline.
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 20110105 20110709 104 1108
学科 教育
雅思听力题型 雅思听力单选2 雅思听力填空8
雅思听力内容概述 坚持能力研究，讨论education分组和所设计的一些学习项目
雅思听力单选2
1. samples in the subject course students have commom features:
选 an age group
2. elder students are more influenced by
选 impact from their family
(先说没想到学生不是考虑 Financial 什么的，最后提到了 family
表格雅思听力填空5
Level of Importance Social and Environmental Factirs Personal Factors
Level 1 Rich experience at 3 (school) Enjoy a 4(challenge)
Level 2 The students have good 5(health) Study of many 6 (interests)
Level 3 By/with 7 (tutors)
雅思听力填空3
8 选择新学生填 questionnaire 是为了获得 level of maturity
9 help 学生 act as advisors
10 提供 (online service)不是 telephone help
雅思听力Section Four
雅思听力场次 2016019B 1011 20100211 0901 √
学科 历史
雅思听力题型 雅思听力填空6 雅思听力单选4
雅思听力内容概述 蒸汽船的诞生
雅思听力填空6：
1. Previously talked about important building.上一次讲座的内容? 19 世纪的 Streets and roads/roads and bridges
2. The important (railway line)built in the nineteenth century.
3. Mr. Brunel 对在某个区域航海的态度? 为什么没有参加? 认为船的一部分是 impossible
4. Engine is small in big ship 引擎在在大船上相对小
5. 他们找的 Specialist engine design 公司合作的 most experienced
6. wood and steel 用来做什么?reinforced by wood and steel
选择4：
7. What’s ship crew’s reaction to the accident? 船起火后船员的反应? 选 A
A. Jump into the water 跳水 B. Drowned 淹死 C.....
.. 为什么船起火后损失不是很大? 选：B(有一个 officer 带着 handy 灭火器解决了问题 从而损失不大)
A. training of emergency B. one office had a hand water pump C…….
9. How and why the ship survive in the trip from Bristol to London? Great Westerner 是怎么从 Bristol 到London 横渡大西洋的? 选：A. (因为它是在 London 安装上的 engine 的)
A. By sailing B. engine C. .
.0. 为什么在当时也有其他公司的汽船能横渡大西洋? 选：C.要赢得这项记录
A. 乘客多 B. 想打败竞争对手 C. Get or win a good record 要赢得这项记录
雅思听力提分训练素材：任天堂发布新游戏
雅思听力泛听内容：Retro-Games And Consoles Are The Latest Craze In The Gamer World
NOEL KING, HOST:
Nintendo has a new gaming console. Well, it's kind of new. The Super NES Classic is basically just a smaller version of a system that is almost 30 years old. Despite that, it sold out in hours, which is evidence maybe of a retro gaming craze. NPR's Adhiti Bandlamudi has the story.
任天堂有一个新的游戏机。嗯，有点新。超级任天堂经典版基本上只是一个小版本的系统，几乎是30岁。尽管如此，它在数小时内就卖光了，这可能是一场复古的游戏热。NPR的Adhiti Bandlamudi故事。
ADHITI BANDLAMUDI, BYLINE: Kelsey Lewin is a 23-year-old gamer in Seattle, Wash. She owns over 70 different gaming systems, and her collection keeps growing.
She wants to play every game on every console. She's a huge fan of Nintendo and finds the Nintendo 64, another kind of console, is especially important to her collection.
KELSEY LEWIN: If you go back to the beginnings of when I started falling in love with video games, the Nintendo 64 was a really big part of that. So I do collect from some nostalgic reasons. But, yeah, a lot of it is also just because I know that I haven't played everything, and I would really like to someday.
BANDLAMUDI: Lewin co-owns Pink Gorilla Games, a retro and imported videogame store. She says when she orders old consoles her customers buy them right away. A lot of it, she thinks, has to do with nostalgia.
LEWIN: I definitely think that's a part of it - a big part of it, even. But a lot of it is still that it just holds up today as well. So they still enjoy playing the NES not just because they remember playing it as a kid, but because it's still fun.
BANDLAMUDI: Brian Kim is a 25-year-old gamer from Virginia. He's playing “Contra,” one of the classic games that comes pre-downloaded on the Super NES he just bought.
BRIAN KIM: When I was younger, my best friend had a Super Nintendo. And I used to go over to his house and I used to play that a lot. And there were a lot of times where I actually - because I didn't have the system I wanted to go to his house, and he wouldn't want to play because he had them.
BANDLAMUDI: But these old games aren't easy to play. The controls on these old consoles aren't as sensitive to players' movements as new consoles are. Kim is struggling to play “Contra.”
KIM: The annoying thing is you can't move and shoot at the same time. You either shoot or you move. Oh, shoot. I fell into the fire.
BANDLAMUDI: And along with the revived popularity of these old consoles, there's a growing interest for the games that were played on them, too. “Contra” is just one of the games that's part of this revival. But people who collect these games and consoles aren't necessarily getting them to play them over and over again.
KIM: It's more so of just being able to say, like, I have this system. I have it as, like, a collectible and have it kind of displayed for myself.
BANDLAMUDI: This trend is sweeping the gamer world. Fans are buying other old consoles like the Atari and the Sega Genesis, too. And they're not cheap. When Nintendo brought back the Super NES, it sold for about $80. But if you're trying to get one now on eBay, you could spend anywhere from $150 to $200. Adhiti Bandlamudi, NPR News.
Tamara Keith, NPR News.
雅思听力高频词汇
trend 趋势
sweep 打扫
pre-downloaded 预下载
over and over again 一遍又一遍
nostalgic 怀旧
go over 过去
consoles 控制台
篇10：3类雅思阅读词汇分析讲解
3类雅思阅读词汇分析讲解
雅思阅读词汇一、考点词汇
所谓考点词汇，就是指雅思阅读中常出现的对句意、题意有着重要影响的词汇。考点词汇是雅思考试中最常出现的高频词汇，也就是说，不同的雅思文章中，这些词汇经常重复出现，并且都有着举足轻重的地位。按照雅思阅读考查点—同义转换的思路，考点词汇主要是动词(verb)、形容词(adjective)或副词(adverb)、以及个别的名词(noun)。如果在平时阅读过程中，注意积累考点词汇并背诵其含义，那么我们在解决阅读问题时就会轻松很多。考点词由于出现频率非常高，因此实际上考点词汇是比较有限的(limited)。我们在记忆考点词汇时，有两个方法是非常好用的。
第一个是渗透衍生词记忆法，就是将常出现的词汇连带它们的衍生词一同记忆，凡是衍生词，都与原词汇属于同一分支，表现为词性不同但意思相连，如define/definition; adjust/adjustment; evaluate/evaluation/evaluative等。建议大家在记忆这些单词时，要渗透进一个思想意识，那就是：当我们遇到一个考点词，如果该词的前半部分字母组合或后半部分字母组合与之前记忆过的某考点词相一致(consistent)，那么这个“新词”的含义就一定与“旧词”有着不可分割的关系(connection)。有了这个思想意识，我们就能够将本不熟悉的词变得熟悉、本不敏感的(sensitive)拼写方式变得敏感了。尤其对于非常长的单词，很多同学看到就会觉得是一个完全的新词，其实如果仔细推敲字母组合(combination)，就能找出一个与它很相像的旧词。
比如，剑桥五中有这样一篇文章“The Birth of Scientific English”, 其中有一句：It lacked thegrammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way,and to discuss the relations, such as cause and effect, that might hold between complex andhypothetical entities. 其中的grammatical并不是一个陌生的词汇，因为大家都熟悉grammar这个词;还有hypothetical这个词，虽然难度较大，但是我们经常见到hypothesis，因此可以推断hypothetical有“假设”这一层含义。
第二个就是渗透同义词积累记忆法。同义词也是同义转换喜欢考查的部分，比如expansion/development; exaggerate/overstate等。同义词是可以连串记忆的，再加上高频出现、数量有限，因此我们可以通过平时的积累来提高词汇量。
雅思阅读词汇二、常识类词汇
常识类词汇是指在解题时，这类词汇不是考查同义转换，也不是考查范围、程度等考点，而是文章涉及的背景内容，了解这类词的含义有助于利用常识或背景知识来更好地理解文章。常识类词汇较难，也与日常生活中的英语词汇相差甚远，因此是不容易把握的。我们了解这类词就不需要找衍生词、也不需要积累同义词了，只是作为兴趣了解，或是给解题带来更大的把握。这类词汇有：aquaculture/delta/orbitalcortex/morphology/psychic/sea cow等等。那么，我们在练习雅思阅读时，如何判定哪些词汇需要记忆，哪些词汇只要简单了解呢?其实高频考点词的数量是有限的，而以上提到的常识类词汇范围比较广，是每篇文章中涉及的一个背景话题，因此只要大家看到非考点词，并在一篇文章中反复出现、作为一个话题型词汇并且比较生僻，就是常识性词汇了。
雅思阅读词汇三、专业性词汇
专业性词汇与常识类词汇在范围上有交叉的部分，只不过专业性词汇是非常生僻、考生也没有必要去了解的词汇。专业性词汇可以在文中保留自己的原型，不用被追究含义，可以充当定位词的地位，比如剑桥文章中的sulphide/Principia/desalination等等。这些词汇在我们平时积累阅读词汇时就可以视为选择记忆的了。如果大家有兴趣接触，可以尝试去记忆，但是一般情况下这些专业性太强的词汇就不建议考生徒增记忆工作量了。
综上所述，雅思阅读词汇的积累是有选择性的，大家在记忆阅读词汇时，高频的考点词是无法逃避的(unavoidable)，这些词汇需要我们非常熟悉地印入脑海并能迅速反应出其含义。但是对于后两类词汇，我们是希望大家能够多记忆一些常识类词汇以便更完整、更透彻地理解文章;而专业性词汇就不要求强化记忆了。有了扎实的词汇功夫，搭配上阅读技巧和解题技巧，我们就能够在阅读考试中取得令自己满意的成绩(score)。
雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案
The Triumph of Unreason
A.
Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or “utility”， in economist-speak) from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.
B.
The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past， such as obtaining food and mates， and confronting or fleeing from threats， the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes， evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?
C.
One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein， an economist at Carnegie Mellon University， in Pittsburgh. In particular， he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists， Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology， to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.
D.
In a study， the three researchers asked 26 volunteers to decide whether to buy a series of products such as a box of chocolates or a DVD of the television show that were flashed on a computer screen one after another. In each round of the task， the researchers first presented the product and then its price， with each step lasting four seconds. In the final stage， which also lasted four seconds， they asked the volunteers to make up their minds. While the volunteers were taking part in the experiment， the researchers scanned their brains using a technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)。 This measures blood flow and oxygen consumption in the brain， as an indication of its activity.
E.
The researchers found that different parts of the brain were involved at different stages of the test. The nucleus accumbens was the most active part when a product was being displayed. Moreover， the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.
F.
When the price appeared， however， fMRI reported more activity in other parts of the brain. Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex， a brain region linked to expectations of pain， monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures. The researchers also found greater activity in this region of the brain when the subject decided not to purchase an item.
G.
Price information activated the medial prefrontal cortex， too. This part of the brain is involved in rational calculation. In the experiment its activity seemed to correlate with a volunteer’s reaction to both product and price， rather than to price alone. Thus， the sense of a good bargain evoked higher activity levels in the medial prefrontal cortex， and this often preceded a decision to buy.
H.
People’s shopping behaviour therefore seems to have piggy-backed on old neural circuits evolved for anticipation of reward and the avoidance of hazards. What Dr Loewenstein found interesting was the separation of the assessment of the product (which seems to be associated with the nucleus accumbens) from the assessment of its price (associated with the insular cortex)， even though the two are then synthesised in the prefrontal cortex. His hypothesis is that rather than weighing the present good against future alternatives， as orthodox economics suggests happens， people actually balance the immediate pleasure of the prospective possession of a product with the immediate pain of paying for it.
I.
That makes perfect sense as an evolved mechanism for trading. If one useful object is being traded for another (hard cash in modern time)， the future utility of what is being given up is embedded in the object being traded. Emotion is as capable of assigning such a value as reason. Buying on credit， though， may be different. The abstract nature of credit cards， coupled with the deferment of payment that they promise， may modulate the “con” side of the calculation in favour of the “pro”。
J.
Whether it actually does so will be the subject of further experiments that the three researchers are now designing. These will test whether people with distinctly different spending behaviour， such as miserliness and extravagance， experience different amounts of pain in response to prices. They will also assess whether， in the same individuals， buying with credit cards eases the pain compared with paying by cash. If they find that it does， then credit cards may have to join the list of things such as fatty and sugary foods， and recreational drugs， that subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable at the time but can have a long and malign aftertaste.
Questions 1-6
Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this
1. The belief of neoclassical economics does not accord with the increasing evidence that humans make use of the emotions to make decisions.
2. Animals are urged by emotion to strive for an optimal outcomes or extract maximum utility from any situation.
3. George Loewenstein thinks that modern ways of shopping tend to allow people to accumulate their debts.
4. The more active the nucleus accumens was， the stronger the desire of people for the product in question became.
5. The prefrontal cortex of the human brain is linked to monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures.
6. When the activity in nucleus accumbens was increased by the sense of a good bargain， people tended to purchase coffee.
Questions 7-9
Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-9 on your answe sheet.
7. Which of the following statements about orthodox economics is true?
A. The process which people make their decisions is rational.
B. People have a clear idea of their best interests in any situation.
C. Humans make judgement on the basis of reason rather then emotion.
D. People weigh the present good against future alternatives in shopping.
8. The word “miserliness” in line 3 of Paragraph J means__________.
A. people’s behavior of buying luxurious goods
B. people’s behavior of buying very special items
C. people’s behavior of being very mean in shopping
D. people’s behavior of being very generous in shopping
9. The three researchers are now designing the future experiments， which test
A. whether people with very different spending behaviour experience different amounts of pain in response to products.
B. whether buying an item with credit cards eases the pain of the same individuals compared with paying for it by cash.
C. whether the abstract nature of credit cards may modulate the “con” side of the calculation in favour of the “pro”。
D. whether the credit cards may subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable but with a terrible effect.
Questions 10-13
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.
To find what happens in the brain of humans when it is deciding things to buy， George Loewenstein and his co-researchers did an experiment by using the technique of fMRI. They found that different parts of the brain were invloved in the process. The activity in …10… was greatly increased with the displaying of certain product. The great activity was found in the insular cortex when …11…and the subject decided not to buy a product. The activity of the medial prefrontal cortex seemed to associate with both …12…informaiton. What interested Dr Loewenstein was the …13… of the assessment of the product and its price in different parts of the brain.
Part II
Notes to Reading Passage 1
1. the nucleus accumbens， the insular cortex， and the medial prefrontal cortex：
大脑的不同部位 (皮层，皮质等)
e.g. cerebellar cortex 小脑皮层cerebral cortex 大脑皮层
2. hone：
珩磨，磨快，磨练，训练使。。。更完美或有效。
3. subvert：
毁灭，破坏;摧毁：
4. piggyback：
骑在肩上;在肩上骑
5. deferment：
推迟、延迟、分期付款
6. aftertaste：
余味，回味事情或经历结束后的感觉，特指令人不快的感觉
Part III
Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-13
1. TRUE
See the second and third sentence in Paragraph A “Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.”
2. TRUE
See the third sentence in Paragrph B “ Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes， evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases.”
3. FALSE
See the second sentence in Paragrph C “In particular， he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt.”
4. TRUE
See the last sentence in Paragrph E “Moreover， the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.”
5. FALSE
See the second sentence in Paragrph F and G respectively “Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex， a brain region linked to expectations of pain， monetary loss and the view.
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