考点5 动词及动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

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篇1：考点5 动词及动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

考点5 动词及动词短语

1. It was already past midnight and only three young men __________ in the tea house.

A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted

2. It’s already 10 o’clock I wonder how it ________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up

3. The building around the comer caught fire last night. The police are now ________ the matter.

A. geeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over

4. - Four dollars a pair? I think it’s a bit too much.

- If you buy three pairs, the price for each will ________ to three fifty.

A. come down B. take down C. turn over D. go over

5. Please tell me how the accident ________. I am still in the dark.

A. came by B. came upon C. came to D. came about

6. Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you ________ yesterday?

A. tried on B. put on C. had on D. pulled on

7. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ________ into parts.

A. down B. up C. off D. out

8. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village scenes of my childhood.

A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in

9. Although the wind has , the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.

A. turned up B. gone back C. died down D. blown out

10. Sherlock Homels was often able to a mystery without leaving his rooms on Baker Street.

A. tear up B. clean up C. clear up D. show up

11. Whenever we are to walk on the ice, do that it is solid and thick.

A. examine B. cheek C. try D. try out

12. - Smoking is bad for your health.

- Yes, I know. But I simply can’t .

A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away

13. It is certain that he will his business to his son when he gets old.

A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over

14. The computer system suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in

15. Her lost eyesight was by her sharp sense of hearing.

A. made up for B. made out C. made up of D. made up

16. People with loud voices really me .

A. turn; in B. turn; down C. turn; on D. turn; off

17. - The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.

- Don’t worry. We have already two thirds of it.

A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away

18. Kathy a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.

A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up

19. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon

A. turn out B. come out C. start out D. go out

20. If any one happens to drop in while I am out, him or her leave a message.

A. have B. get C. ask D. tell

21. It’s the present situation in poor areas that much higher spending on education and training.

A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for

22. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ？

A. given out B. put out C. held up D. use up

23. Modern plastics can very high and very low temperatures.

A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support

24. We went to Canada to travel and my cousin as our guide.

A. played B. showed C. acted D. performed

25. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson .

A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up

26. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores.

A. join B. attract C. stick D. transfer

27. Before building a house, you will have to the government’s permission.

A. get from B. follow C. receive D. ask for

28. I couldn’t . The line was busy.

A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through

29. - Ow! I’ve burnt myself!

- How did you do that?

- I a hot pot.

A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held

30. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without his notes.

A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on

31. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can my father.

A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out

32. They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to .

A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make

33. Nowadays, it’s considered acceptable for a couple to _ the marriage if it can’t bring them happiness.

A. hold down B. give away C. break off D. cut off

34. In our childhood, we were often by grandma to pay attention to our table manners.

A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped

35. April Fool’s Day is coming. Be careful not to be when others play tricks on you.

A. brought in B. caught in C. taken in D. made in

36. - Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?

- Oh, really! I haven’t my mailbox yet.

A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked

37. The doctor suggested my wife and me more exercise every day.

A. take B. taking C. to take D. took

38. Sometimes a footballer receives a yellow card for trying to the game.

A. hold up B. stay up C. break up D. point up

39. How proud she is! She has been Beijing University.

A. admitted to B. agreed to C. received by D. entered in

40. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has many good changes in their lives.

A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about

41. Don’t take all the things. You should learn to with others.

A. spare B. share C. offer D. spend

42. When to repairing a computer, I have little knowledge of it.

A. I come B. it comes C. we come D. they come

43. The doctor had almost hope at one point, but the patient finally .

A. pulled out B. pulled through C. pulled up D. pulled over

44. After a year’s training, I’m sure he will the target.

A. hit B. strike C. beat D. knock

45. - I wonder if Joe has really learnt Italian.

- Not really. He just a few words of Italian by playing with the local children.

A. kept up B. picked up C. drew up D. caught up

46. - Ling Feng won the first prize in national English competition.

- Oh, really? I’m glad that her efforts at last .

A. worked out B. got back C. paid off D. turned out

II. 考点小资料（动词）

1．无被动结构的特殊动词：have, own, fit, last, want, suit, fail等；

2．含被动意义的主动语态的动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, prove等；

3．无进行时的动词： (1) 描写智力的：know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, suppose, think, imagine, doubt, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean等；

(2) 描写感情状况的：love, like , appreciate, hate, dislike, fear, end, mind, care等；

(3) 表“所有，拥有”的：possess, have, own, belong等；

(4) 描写感官、官能状况的：taste, smell, sound, hear, look feel, see等；

(5) 表“存在”的：be, exist, obtain, stay等。

4．主动形式表示被动意义的情况

(1) 某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如 look，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear，prove，后面接形容词或名词做表语。如：The roses smell sweet. The theory proved true.

(2) 某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record，lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等。如：Your composition reads well. His voice records well.

(3) 表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。如：Work began at 7 o’clock this morning．The shop closes at 6 p．m．everyday．

(4) 少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。如：The books are printing. The meat is cooking. My coat is hanging behind the door.

(5) 某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有：happen，take place，break out， belong to，go out，run out等。如： The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937. The fire went out gradually.

5．三个特殊句式的固定时态： (1) This/It is the first/second … time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则用过去完成时。如：This is the first time I have come to the famous city. / It was the forth time he had made the same mistake. (2) It is/has been + 一段时间 + since从句。since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time．(3) It + be + 一段时间 + before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。如：It won’t be long before he succeeds．(要不了多久他就会成功) / It was ten years before they met again．(十年后，他们又见面了)

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇2：语法-----动词和动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法-----动词和动词短语

编号：081030 编者：管月敏

一. 单句改错：

1. She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to turn.

2. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even looking down from her book.

3. He was grown up in the countryside, so he knows a lot about farmers.

4. If we can go over our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.

5. --- Have you got up with some new ideas?

--- Yeah. I’ll tell you later.

二. 用所给动词的适当短语填空：

1. give

1) You must finish your papers before 12:30, when they shall be _________.

2) He doesn’t only ____________ money; he spends his whole life in looking after the poor.

3) The gas _____________ an unpleasant smell.

4) Finally he was persuaded to ______________ smoking.

5) The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was __ on the radio yesterday.

2. get

1) Hardly could he ____________ this amount of work in such a short time.

2) It is going to rain. Can you ___________ the clothes for me?

3) It took me an hour to get intention _______ to her.

4) I am afraid I didn’t ___________ well with my studies.

5) ---The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.

---Don’t worry.We have already _____________ two thirds of it.

3. take

1) I won’t __________ much of your time.

2) When shall I __________ my new duties?

3) He has ___________ Spanish recently.

4) The young politician __________ the leadership of the party.

5) I will ___________ your number and ask him to call you back.

6) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026___________ at 18:20.

4. turn

1) ___________ the light before you go out.

2) A big wave ___________ the fishing boat. Luckily, no one was injured.

3) I needn’t have taken my umbrella, because it __________ to be a fine day.

4) To my delight, the key I lost __________ the other day.

5) Believe it or not, Tom is the right person you can __________ when you are in trouble.

6) He is very discouraging because every time he offers some help to her, it will be __________.

5. break

1) I was still sleeping when the fire __________ , and then it spread quickly.

2) The car __________ on the way again.

3) The young man was so impolite that he kept __________ with silly questions.

4) Their friends all wondered what ___________ their marriage?

5) The poor man had his house ____________ last night.

6. put

1) Never ___________ until tomorrow what you can do today.

2) ____________ your toys and let’s have dinner.

3) You’d better ___________ your coat before going out. It’s so cold outside.

4) The toy car was pulled down. Can you _____ it _____ again?

5) Mother __________ all the lights before going to bed.

7. go

1) --- Do you think that housing price will keep __________ in the years to come? Many people can’t afford it.

--- Sorry, I have no idea.

2) We were all tired out, so we couldn’t ___________.

3) Suddenly all the lights ___________, and it was all dark.

4) ---- Didn't you have a good time at the party?

---- Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _________ so quickly.

5) The poor girl has __________ such a lot since her parents died.

6) ---Could I use your dictionary?

---Sure, __________.

7) Whoever __________ nature will be punished by it.

8. make

1) She has grown up and I can’t ______ her ______ any more.

2) Culturl exchange __________ better understanding.

3) Mother was skillfully _______ her coat ______ my skirt.

4) He says he will get up at six tomorrow morning, but he’ll never __________.

5) The group is ____________ 6 experts and 20 students.

9. come

1) Tell me how the accident ___________ last night.

2) I __________ an old friend of mine at the station yesterday.

3) It's already 10 o'clock I wonder how it _______ that she is two hours late on such a short trip.

4) These customs have __________ to us through many a generation.

5) You have ____________ a good idea.

掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析

掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析

掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析

难点教学建议

Keys:

一. 1. turn 后加to 2. down---up 3. grown-brought 4. go-get 5. got-come

二. 1. given in; give away; gives off; given out

2. get through; get in; get …across; get on; get through

3. take up; take on; taken up; took over; take down; takes off

4. Turn off; turned over; turned out; turned up; turn to; turned down

5. broke out; broke down; breaking in; broke up; broken into

6. put off; Put away; put on; put…together; put out

7. going up; go on; went out; go by; gone through; go ahead; goes against

8. make…out; makes for; making into; make it; made up of

9. came about; came across; comes out; come down; come up with

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇3：考点4 情态动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

考点4 情态动词

1. If it were not for the fact that she sing, I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not

2. Some aspects of a pilot’s job be boring, and pilots often work at inconvenient hours often.

A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must

3. The World Wide Wed is some times jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it be very slow.

A. should B. must C. will D. can

4. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.

A. may B. should C. must D. shall

5. John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour?

A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need

6. Coffee be drunk while it is hot.

A. shall B. must C. will D. ought to

7. Tell him that he have the book tomorrow after noon.

A. shall B. will C. need D. dare

8. I lived with my uncle this summer and I didn’t have to pay rent. So I save most of my salary.

A. could B. would C. was able to D. should

9. - Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

- She . I’ve already borrowed one.

A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t

10. There’s no light on --- they be at home.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

11. - What a shame! You didn’t seize such a good chance.

- I that job when it was offered.

A. should take B. would take C. must have taken D. should have taken

12. - The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.

- I think you as well consult an experienced worker.

A. may B. can C. need D. must

13. - How much shall I pay for the phone call?

- You . This is free of charge.

A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. must

14. - Can I tell my best friend about it?

- No, I don’t want anyone else to know it. You keep it to yourself.

A. can B. need C. must D. may

15. - Would you like to have a taxi? - No, I walk there. It’s such a lovely day.

A. can B. ought to C. had better D. would rather

16. - Mum, why are you here?

-I’ve brought your camera. I thought you use it.

A. can B. should C. might D. will

17. - The woman biologist stayed in Mrica studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

- Oh, dear! She a lot of difficulties！

A. may go through B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through

18. - Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

-Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.

A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done

19. - I stayed at the Futong Hotel while in Shanghai.

- Oh, did you? You with Baixue.

A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed

20. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now.

A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat

21. - Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.

- Well. He have gone far --- his coat is still here.

A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t

22. I was on the high way when this car went past followed by a police car. They at least 150 km an hour.

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

23. - I saw Mr. Smith at the West Beijing Station this morning.

- You . He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.

A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

24. - Did you walk all the way home by yourself?

- Yes, I did. But I guess I .

A. needn’t B. needn’t have C. shouldn’t D. may not have

25. - Lucy have been to Mary’s wedding. They are the best friends.

- But she for some reason, because Mary asked us why Lucy had missed her wedding.

A. would; couldn’t B. should; can’t C. must; wasn’t able to D. must; might not

26. We wait for a bus to get to the station since we are not in a hurry.

A. might well B. might as well C. could well D. should as well

27. Better go to see my sick colleague right now, ？

A. hadn’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. won’t

28. He must be in the classroom, he?

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. isn’t D. can

29. There used to be a high tower here, ？

A. was there B. wasn’t there C. used there D. usedn’t there

30. - Look! Bob is carefully examine the electric lines.

- .

A. He should be too careful B. He must be too careful

C. He cannot be too careful D. He can be too careful

31. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not

32. I have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

33. He have completed his work ; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the sea side.

A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t

34. - Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.

- Well. He have gone far.

- His coat’s still here.

A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t

35. If I plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to

36. - Don’t you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York?

- I agree, but the problem is he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

37. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

- Oh, dear! She a lot of difficulties!

A. may go through B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through

38. He paid for a seat, when he have entered free.

A. could B. would C. must D. need

39. There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.

A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

40. This cake is very sweet. You a lot of sugar in it.

A. should put B. could have put C. might put D. must have put

41. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?

- Something to him.

A. must happen B. should have happened

C. could have happened D. must have happened

42. It’s strange that they nothing about this matter.

A. should know B. would know C. had known D. knew

43. Let us stay here, ？

A. shall we B. will we C. will you D. may you

44. Mike up at five, but now he gets up at six.

A. used to getting B. would get C. was used to get D. used to get

45. Harry would rather than the secret.

A. die; telling B. die; to tell C. dead; tell D. die; tell

46. The plant is dead. I it more water.

A. should have given B. will give C. would give D. must give

47. - he use your bike now?

- Certainly. Here is the key,

A. Does B. Must C. Shall D. Will

48. They work in the street at night.

A. did not dare to B. not dare C. dared not to D. are not daring

49. I tell her the truth..

A. cannot help B. cannot but C. may not help D. could but

50. you tell me what has happened?

A. May B. Must C. Need D. Could

51. When a friend gave Jim a ticket for the game, he going.

A. couldn’t help B. couldn’t but C. could help D. just had to

52. Exercising alone be very boring, but when it goes along with music and friends, you’ll find a lot of fun !

A. can B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

53. - Shall I buy more food and drinks for the party?

- No. We have prepared a fridge of those. That __ __ be quite enough.

A. had to B. may C. might D. ought to

54. - You really shouldn’t have shouted to them.

- Right. I crazy then.

A. must be B. must have been C. could have been D. should have been

55. He have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t

56. - The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job?

- my students have a try?

A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May

57. - Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? There was a lot of fun.

- I , But I had an unexpected guest at home.

A. had B. would C. was going to D. did

58. Why we eat out when we can easily cook ourselves at home?

A. must B. shall C. can D. may

59. You not leave your post or you will be punished.

A. may B. shall C. will D. need

考点小资料：情态动词

I. can (could), 表示体力或脑力方面的能力，或根据客观规律能做某事的能力，意思是“能够”。can表“能够”时，既可指将来，也可指现在。be able to在表示能力时与can同义，但可用于各种时态，强调通过努力克服困难成功地做成某事，相当于managed to do 或 succeeded in doing。表示许可、允许，在疑问句中表示“请求，许可”，否定句中表示“不许”，此时可与may通用，有时cannot可以表示“禁止”，相当于“mustn’t”。表示推测，强调客观可能性“可能、会”，can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示猜测时，情态动词后可用进行式或完成式。

could表示“能力”“可能性”“许可”，为can的过去式。一般用于委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法，此时can，could并没有时间上的差别，只是could的语气更客气些。回答时用原形回答。

II. may (might), 表示许可，有“可以”的意思，询问一件事可不可以做，有时可以与can互换。其否定式may not表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等，常用must not=mustn’t代替，may用于疑问句中，回答这种问题时，多避免用may，而用其他形式，以免显得口气太严峻或不客气。

表推测、或许、可能的意思，表示一件事或许会发生，只用在陈述句中。

表祝愿: May you succeed! = I hope you may succeed. May you be happy, healthy and wealthy!

might是may的过去式，表示可以做的事或可能发生的事；主句谓语动词是过去时态时用 might不用may。might一般用于比may的口气委婉，或表示现实的可能性更小一些的语境中。

III. must, have to, 表示必须要做的事，意为“必须“，否定式 mustn’t表示“不应该，不许可，禁止”等。因此，在回答带有must的问句时，不用mustn’t，而用 needn’t或don’t have to.

must在表示“必须”时与have to相近，have to比较强调客观的需要，must着重主观看法。另外must不像have to那样能有更多的时态。表推测，暗含很大的可能性，意为“一定”，只用于“肯定句”中。偏偏、硬要、干嘛(指做令人不快的事)。如： Hey．boys！ Must you shout so loudly?

IV. shall, 用于二、三人称陈述句中。表示说话人给对方的命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等。在疑问句中，表示征询听话人是否愿意。用于一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。

should表示劝告、建议常作“应当”讲，与ought to有时可互换，ought to更注重一些责任义务。should表示预测可能性，并译作“可能，(按道理)应该”；而ought协则表示非常可能。should用于委婉、谦逊地提出意见或建议，ought to可表示因责任、义务等该做的事。

V. will, would, 表示意愿、意志和决心，适用于各种人称，可以用来表示各种倾向或习惯动作。有时还用来表示“难免”。其过去式是would，也可以是单独的情态动词，在表示委婉提出请求、建议或看法时，语气比will委婉，肯定的回答时用will.

VI. may well和may/ might as well后都接动词原形，是一种常用结构。may well+动词原形相当于 to be likely to，意为“(完全)能，很可能”。may/ might as well+动词原形相当于had better或幻have no strong reason not to，意为“最好，不妨”。cannot…too/enough表示“无论怎么……也不过分”，“越……越好”；cannot but do sth．表示“不得不，只好”的含义。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇4：情态动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

情态动词

情态动词一般用法，大家都比较熟悉，但是，到了高中阶段，它的用法外延的比较多，很难理解和掌握。这里，就其考点列举如下：

一． 情态动词的现在完成式的用法

情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t; oughtn’t等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的

1． 表示已经发生的情况。

1） must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……如：

My pain____apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right?”

A must be B had been C must have been D had to be

2） can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”,如：

Mary____my letter; otherwise she would have replied before

A couldn’t have received B ought to have received

C has received D shouldn’t have received

3） may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如：

At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.

2．表示虚拟语气。

1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如：

As it turned out to be a small house party, we____so formally.

A needn’t dress up B did not need have dressed up

C did not need dress up D needn’t have dressed up

2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：

I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.

（我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。）

3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如：

You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet..

4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：

What you said is right, but you could have done it better.

5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。如：

You may have noticed something while you were doing this task.

3.几个情态动词常考的句型：

1)may/might (just) as well “不妨，最好”，与had better相近,意为“最好，还是，不妨”。

You may as well repeat the experiment.

2) cannot / can’t…too …“越……越好，怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over….如：

You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.驾车时候，越小心越好。

3) usedn’t 或did’t use to 为used to (do) 的否定式。

Tom used not to rise at six every morning.

4）should 除了“应该”一层意思外，考研大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如：

I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that. 我无法想象他竟然这样做。

二． 情态动词被动关系的主动表达法

1． want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。

Your hair wants cutting

The work is worth reading

The floor requires washing.

2．need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义

The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.

The watch needed repairing= the watch needed to be repaired.

补充：

had better, should, ought to是重要的情态动词，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点：

一、了解相互间关系

had better(最好), should(应该)与ought to（应该）均为提建议、阐述观点的情态动词，其后接动词原形。should 比had better语气强，ought to语气最强。一般情况下should与ought to可通用。

例1：You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。

例2：You ought to / should work hard.你应该努力工作。

值得注意的是：should还有“竟然”之意，表出乎意料。

例：You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 你真是难以想象这么一个有风度的先生对一个女子是如此之粗鲁。

二、掌握句型变换方法

had better, should, ought to作为情态动词，各种句型变换均在自身形式上作变化。

（一）否定句

had better, should, ought to用于否定句时，否定词均位于其后，具体形式为：had better not do, shouldn't / should not do, oughtn't to do。

例1：You had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。

例2：He shouldn't be careless in class. 他上课时不应粗心。

例3：She oughtn't to waste time. 她不应该浪费时间。

（二）一般疑问句

had better, should, ought to用于一般疑问句时，分别将had, should, ought提至句首。

例1：Had he better start early at once? 他最好立即出发吗？

例2：Should you do like this? 你应该这么做吗？

例3：Ought he to go there? 他应该去那里吗？

（三）反意疑问句

陈述句谓语动词含had better, should, ought to时，反意疑问句为：had, should与ought+主格人称代词或hadn't, shouldn't, oughtn't+主格人称代词。

例1：You had better not go home, had you? 你最好别回家，是吗？

例2：You should study hard,

shouldn't you? 你应该认真学习，是吗？

例3：He oughtn't to speak in class, ought he? 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？

三、掌握其完成式用法

had better没有完成式，should与ought to完成式意义与用法完全相同。

（一）should/ought to have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。

例：There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ________ come, but why didn't you?

A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have

析：答案D。 该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。

（二）should / oughtn't to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。

例：I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.

A. mustn't leave

B. shouldn't have left

C. couldn't have left

D. needn't leave

析：答案B。 该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇5：考点7 非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

考点7 非谓语动词

1. I think you’ll grow him when you know him better.

A. liking B. to be like C. to like D. to be liking

2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. the answers ready will be of great help.

A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having

3. Oil prices have risen by 32% since the start of the year, a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

4. My cousin came to see me from the country, me a full basket of fresh fruits.

A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought

5. There have been several new events to the program for the Beijing Olympic Games.

A. add B. to add C. adding D. added

6. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title __ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given

7. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing

8. When last valuable, those books enjoyed great success.

A. finding B. found C. being found D. to be found

9. How pleased the detective was what his customer told him!

A. hearing B. to hear C. heard D. to hearing

10. - I’ll thank you my affairs alone. - I will. It is none of my business.

A. to have left B. for leaving C. to leave D. for having left

11. - Is Bob still performing?

- I’m afraid not. He is said the stage already as he has become an official.

A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

12. in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

13. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest in a year.

A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed

14. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to __ since the flood hit the area last Friday.

A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost

15. from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other county in the world.

A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated

17. AIDS is said the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.

A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been

18. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.

A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held

19. There is no doubt that hiking is good for the retired couple, but it remains whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. seen

20. - What should I do with this passage? - ________ the main idea of each paragraph.

A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out

21. in 1963, and in Philadelphia, Charles Petti grew so impressed his teachers that he was sent to Barklee School to study Jazz.

A. Being born; having raised B. Born; raised C. Was born; was raised D. Born; raising

22. - I regret you John has been fired. - I can hardly believe my ears. He is such a fine worker.

A. telling B. having told C. to tell D. to have told

23. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not _______.

A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave

24. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.

A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost

25. The parents suggested in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.

A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept

26. I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____ talking while she works.

A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop

27. I lost my way in complete darkness and, matters worse, it began to rain.

A. made B. having made C. making D. to make

28. The result was not made until last Sunday.

A. to know B. knowing C. known D. to be known

29. When he got off the bus, he found his pocket .

A. stolen B. picked C. gone D. missing

30. I really can’t understand her like that.

A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating

31. While watching television, .

A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rang

32. When _________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared

33. Faced with a bill for $ 10,000, ___________.

A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John

34. A remote-controlled bomb explored outside a hotel yesterday, at least 12 people.

A. having been injured B. having injured C. injuring D. injured

35. in the USA, Louis has now become the 24th largest city.

A. Being the fourth biggest city B. Once the fourth biggest city

C. It was once the forth biggest city D. The forth biggest city it was

36. a reply, he decided to write again.

A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

37. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

38. The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.

A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused

39. I’ve never seen anyone run so fast -- _ David go.

A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched

40. - English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

- Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known

41. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing

42. If the project by the end of this year is delayed, the construction will be fined.

A. to be completed B. is completed C. being completing D. completed

43. - We do hope we can be of some help, doctor.

- That’s great! blood if you can and many lives will be saved.

A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given

44. How many of us , say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion.

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended

45. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, away.

A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

46. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.

A. had B. having C. to have D. have

47. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.

A. sitting B. having at C. to sit D. sat

48. into use in April , the hotline has meant for residents reporting water and heating sup ply breakdowns.

A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put

49. more about university courses, call ( 920 ) 746 - 3789.

A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out

50. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

51. I don’t want like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.

A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded

52. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise .

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

53. and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.

A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure

C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure

54. The manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.

A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making

55. All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.

A. in order to have received B. in order to receive

C. so as to be received D. so as to receive

56. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, fun.

A. had B. have C. to have D. having

57. He hurried to the station only that the train had left.

A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find

58. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken

59. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left .

A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied

60. Don’t respond to any e – mails __ __ personal information, no matter how official they look.

A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning

61. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16 -year- old boy, saying that he was not the one .

A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed

62. It remains whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.

A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see

63. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.

A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover

64. As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _ .

A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using

65. He hurried to the booking office only __ that all the tickets had been sold out.

A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

66. There was a terrible noise the sudden bursts of light.

A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed

67. football on the playground, the boys felt very happy.

A. Leaving playing B. Left to play C. Left playing D. To leave playing

68. Rather than for help from someone else, how ever difficult the task is, I prefer completing it by my self.

A. to ask B. asking C. ask D. to have asked

69. Which do you enjoy your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?

A. spending B. to spend C. having spent D. to have spent

70. - My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.

- Now that he wasn’t well prepared, he might as well .

A. not try B. not to have tried C. not have tried D. not to try

71. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before .

A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting

72. I must apologize for ahead of time.

A. 1etting you not to know B. not letting you know

C. 1etting you know not D. 1etting you not know

73. To read aloud the English text before breakfast seemed to me a rule .

A. to never break B. never to be breaking

C. never to have broken D. never to be broken

考点小资料（非谓语动词）

I. 介词后的动词不定式只限于作介词except和but的宾语，此时except / but意为“除了，除去”。

cannot help(choose) but + 动词原形：……不能不……； do nothing but + 动词原形：只做……

There is nothing to do but + 动词原形：……只有做……；have no choice but to do：只有做……

The last bus having gone，I could do nothing but go home on foot．(省略 to)

I cannot choose lint tell him the truth．(省略to) / She could do nothing but leave．(省略抛)

I have no choice but to cry．(不能省略to)

II. 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是其动作的地点、工具等，不定式后须有相应的。介词。但名词way除外。如：He is not a man to tell lies．(主谓关系)

The boy has a nice pen to write with． / We found a way to solve this problem(in)．

通常使用不定式作定语的情况有：(1)不定式表示将来；(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no， all，any等限定词的中心词。(3)用来修饰一些抽象名词，常见的有：ability，disability，chance，idea， fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，be her，way，reason，time等。如：During my holiday I burrowed some books to read．(表将来) / She Was the first woman to Will the gold medal in the Olympic Games．(有序数词修饰) / I have no chance to escape．(修饰抽象名词) / Do you have the ability to read French?(修饰抽象名词)

III. 不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果。表示目的时可用in order to，so as to换用。如：

He sat down to have a rest．(表目的) / He woke up to find everybody gone．(表结果)

I’m very pleased to hear from him．(表原因，主要是表示喜、怒、哀、乐)

He Was too excited to say a word．(表程度) / He is old enough to go to school．(表程度)

◆过去分词、不定式和现在分词的被动式作定语的区别：

这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作发生的时间上的区别。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前或是没有一定的时间性；现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。如：

The bridge to be built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(将要修建的)

The bridge being built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(正在修建的)

The bridge built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(已经修建了的)“

Have you read the novel written by Dickens?(在谓语之前)

He is a teacher loved and respected by all students．(没有时间性) Listen! The song sung is very popular with the young men．(表正在) / The question to be discussed … is very important．(表将来)

在英语中，表示“感觉状态”的动词现在分词和过去分词形式作表语和定语时，现在分词表示“令人感到……”，指主语或被修饰的词给人的感觉；过去分词表示“感到……”，指主语或被修饰的词本身的感觉。如：interesting令人感兴趣的；interested感到有兴趣的

◆过去分词、不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语的区别：

i. 感官动词(see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear，listen to，feel)和使役动词(have，let， make)后的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词(不带to的不定式)，现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示主动和正在进行，过去分词表示被动完成，不定式表示主动和完成。注意：make不能接现在分词作宾补。如：I heard her sing a Chinese song jut now．(表示主动，完成)

I heard her singing a Chinese song when I passed her room last night．(表示正在进行)

I heard the Chinese song sung many times．(表示被动)

The captain got/have the soldiers moving to- ward the front after a shout rest．(不能用make)

注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示完成和状态。如：

I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone．(表示状态)

I Was surprised to find my hometown changed a lot．(表示完成)

ii. 动词leave后接三种形式作宾补时，表达的具体含义是“使……处于某种状态”。如：It is wrong for you to leave the machine running．(主动，正在进行)

The guests left most of the dishes untouched。(被动，完成)

My workmate left, leaving me to do all the rest work．(主动，将来)

My workmate left．1eaving all the rest work to be done．(被动，将来)

◆过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别：

i. 一般来说，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，现在分词表示主动进行的动作。如：

Seen from a distance the mountain looked like a man．

Seeing the mountain，he always thinks of his hometown．

ii. 现在分词的被动一般式表示正在进行的被动动作，过去分词表示被动完成的动作。如： Being helped by the teacher，she will learn English well．

Helped by the teacher, she has learned English well.

iii. 现在分词的被动完成式表示先于谓语动词发生的动作，过去分词所表示的动作，有时发生在谓语动词之前，有时与谓语动词同时发生，有时表示未来的被动动作或状态。如：

Having been used for a long time, the watch needs to be mended.

Used in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.

Given more time, we will finish the work perfectly.

◆垂悬分词作状语：垂悬分词是现在分词一种特殊用法，其逻辑主语是句子非主语部分中指人或物的某一名词或代词，或泛指“我们”。如：Searching along the street，it had taken him a long time to find a clinic．(searching的逻辑主语是句中him所指的人)

Walking or sleeping，this subject is always in my mind．(walking or sleeping的逻辑主语是句中my所指的“我”)

Using the electric energy，it is necessary to change its form．(using的逻辑主语泛指“我们”)

IV. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语

i. 感官动词后的宾补可以是doing，do，done，being done的结构，其中being done只用于少数动词后面，如 find，smell，feel等。

ii. have somebody do something让某人做某事 / have somebody doing something让某人一直做某事 / won’t have somebody do something不许某人做某事 / have something done使某事被做 / have something doing让……一直做……

iii. catch，smell，keep，set等只能接doing的结构，表示主动和正在进行。

iv. leave somebody doing something让某人一直做某事

leave something undone使某事只做了一半

leave something to be done事情有待于解决

leave somebody to do something让某人做某事，表示将来

v. with somebody to do something宾补与宾语是主谓关系，表示将来。

with somebody doing something宾补与宾语之间是主谓关系，表示正在进行。

with something to do宾补与宾语间是动宾关系，表示将来，动作执行者在句中找得到。

with something to be done宾补与宾语是动宾关系，表示将来，但动作执行者在句中找不到。

with something done宾补与宾语之间是动宾关系，表示完成。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇6：高三英语复习（动词短语） (人教版高三英语上册教学论文)

高三英语复习专题（动词短语）

(出题人 王海棠)

1. The war _______ the world great suffering and sadness.

A. brought in B. brought about C. brought up D. brought out

2. The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language _____ in the 16th century.

A. came about B. came out C. came along D. came up

3. There are some differences between American English and British English. Do you know how these differences _______?

A. came about B. came out C. came up D. were happened

4. We _____ the children in poor areas clothes and some money.

A. offered B. provided C. supplied D. helped

5. Her mother was ill, so a doctor was _______.

A. called on B. called at C. called in D. called back

6. We _______the Green’s yesterday on our way home from work and stayed there for some time.

A. called on B. called at C. dropped in D. called for

7. Once a plan is made, it must be firmly _______.

A. carried out B. carried off C. carry away D. carried on

8. . King called _____ the black people not to give _____ but to continue the struggle.

A. for; in B. on; in C. out ; away D. in; off

9. A big fire _______ in the hotel last night.

A. broke away B. broke up C. broke out D. was broken out

10. Don’t stay up too late, or your body will_______.

A. break up B. break out C. break off D. break down

11. A truck ______ Jane’s cat and sped away.

A. ran over B. ran into C. ran across D. ran down

12. I was late because my car ______.

A. broke up B. broke off C. broke down D. broke out

13. Nobody realized the importance of the problem when it was first ______ at the meeting.

A. brought about B. brought up C. brought on D. brought in

14. We were suddenly ______ in the middle of our telephone conversation.

A. cut out B. cut off C. rung off D. broken off

15. Can you ______ what is written on the board?

A. make of B. make up C. make out D. make away

16. He first ____ the proposal that men and women should receive equal pay for equal work.

A. put up B. put on C. put forward D. put out

17. ______ the oppression for long years, the peasants at last rebelled(反抗).

A. Having put up B. Having put through C. Having put up with D. Having put over

18. He ______ the family business when his father suffered a heart attack.

A. took up B. took over C. took after D. took on

19. I promise to _______ the matter as soon as I get back to the head office.

A. look for B. look in C. look into D. look up

20. I know all your tricks, so don’t try to take me _______.

A. in B. off C. up D. away

21. Science has ______ many changes in our life.

A. brought up B. brought about C. brought out D. brought down

22. To test his theory, the scientist ______ an experiment.

A. set out B. set off C. set about D. set forth

23. By the time the fire engine arrived, the fire had been ______ by many citizens.

A. put on B. put off C. put out D. put through

24. He’ll soon ______ his disappointment and be quite cheerful again by the morning.

A. get out of B. get over C. get through D. get away

25. I will _______my appointment until tomorrow.

A. put up B. put away C. put out D. put off

26. He _______ a sum of money every week for his old age.

A. sets up B. set out C. sets in D. set aside

27. You should tell from his big ears that he ______ his father.

A. took off B. took down C. took from D. took after

28. The weather forecast was good so it should ______ fine after all.

A. turn into B. turn up C. turn out D. turn over

29. I never expected you to ______ at the meeting. I thought you were abroad.

A. turn in B. turn on C. turn up D. turn to

30. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work ______ all their time.

A. takes away B. takes over C. takes up D. takes in

31. When they had finished playing, the children were made to _____all the toys they had taken out.

A. put off B. put out C. put up D. put away

32. The good service at the hotel _______ the poor food to some extend.

A. made for B. made out C. made up of D. made up for

33. – Why ask me to take that early bus?

--Because that bus _______ the 9:30 a.m. train at Boston.

A. joins to B. joins with C. unites with D. connects with

34. Don’t _______ when your teacher is giving you some advice how to master English.

A. drop in B. let out C. move in D. break in

35. I had a lot of books that I didn’t want to keep, so I _______ them away to a friend.

A. lent B. gave C. turned D. threw

36. If better use is _______ of your spare time, you’ll make great progress in it.

A. thought B. spent C. taken D. made

37. – Did you enjoy the book?

--Yes. It was so interesting that I couldn’t _______ it.

A. get rid of B. break away from C. keep away from D. tear myself away from

38. – Oh, my god! It’s just a sea of cars. How can you ______ your car?

A. took out B. find out C. pick out D. get out

39. – This is Xiao Li speaking.

--Hi, Xiao Li, please stay at home, I’ll_____ you at 6’clock and we’ll go to the cinema together.

A. call for B. wait for C. sent for D. look for

40. If Tim carries on working like this, he’ll ______ sooner or later.

A. break down B. give up C. get down D. break up

41. He said he would ______ what he had said.

A. take back B. take away C. take in D. take up

42. Who was it that ______ the secret?

A. gave out B. let out C. get out D. set out

43. I wish you’d stop _______. We all know how clever you are!

A. showing around B. showing off C. showing up D. showing over

44. Can you tell me how it ______ that you were an hour late?

A. came about B. came up C. came out D. came across

45. She ______ some old letters in the course of her search.

A. came across B. came out C. came up D. came about

46. News reports say peace talks between the two countries ______ with no agreement reached.

A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken off

47. Children under six are not______ to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.

A. permitted B. admitted C. accepted D. received

48. The doctor advised that I should______ smoking.

A. cut off B. cut out C. cut down D. cut away

49. He ______ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.

A. made out B. picked up C. gave up D. took in

50. University readers can ______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.

A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through

51. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ______.

A. give out B. give in C. turned off D. go out

52. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ______ the helplessness of the crew at sea.

A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up

53. The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be _______.

A. turned down B. turned off C. turned over D. turned away

54. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to ______ it. It might be valuable.

A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after

55. Although the working mother is very busy, she still _____ a lot of time to her children.

A. devotes B. spends C. offers D. provides

56. The seller would sell the sweater for nine dollars, but the customer ______ eight dollars.

A. charged B. asked C. sold D. offered

57. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health ______ poor.

A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues

58. Burlington isn’t much more than a large village. Its streets were never ______ for heavy traffic.

A. tested B. meant C. kept D. used

59. We’re going to _____ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us?

A. get in B. get over C. get along D. get together

60. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to ______ from home and earn some money on his own.

A. run away B. take away C. keep away D. get away

61. I don’t ______ rock’n’roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.

A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go for

62. It was not a serious illness, and she soon _____ it.

A. get over B. got on with C. got around D. got out of

63. We have to ______ the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way.

A. get away B. get across C. get through D. get in

64. Once a decision is made, all of us should ______ it.

A. insist on B. stick to C. refer to D. lead to

65. It was foolish of him to ______ his notes during that important test, and as a result , he got punished.

A. stick to B. refer to C. look up D. point to

66. The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to ______ our studies.

A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over

67. I couldn’t ______. The line was busy.

A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through

68. The storm died away at last with the golden waves ______ the shore in peace.

A. striking B. hitting C. beating D. knocking

69. Quite a few people used to believe that a disaster ______if a mirror was broken.

A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struck

C. was sure to be struck D. was sure to strike

70. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _______ run over by a car.

A. have B. get C. become D. turn

71. If you ______ any problems when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring.

A. come up with B. set about C. run into D. put aside

72. Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _______ the shocking ending.

A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off

73. －What’s the matter with you?－After the long walk ,my legs ______ and I couldn’t go any further.

A. gave out B. gave off C. gave in D. gave up

74. It suddenly _______me that I had to get to the airport to meet a friend.

A. took B. struck C. occurred D. surprised

75. Time will ______whether I made the right choice or not.

A. see B. say C. know D. tell

76. Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _______ jokes.

A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up

Key：

1-5 BBAAC 6-10 BABCD 11-16 ACBBC 17-20 CBCAB 21-25 BCCBD 26-30 DDCCC

31-35 DDDDB 36-40 DDCAA 41-45ABBAA 46-50 ABCBC 51-55 DADAA 56-60 DBBDD

61-65 DADBB 66-70 ADCDB 71-76 CAABAC

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇7：语法和词汇重点-------动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法和词汇重点-------动词短语

【押题依据】动词短语是历年高考考查的一个热点，每年必考。在每年的单项填空题15道题中至少有一道题测试动词短语。设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。动词短语考查面广，灵活度强，在历年高考题拟题中倍受青睐。

[押题1]Some of the students have already learned enough English to ____ a conversation with a native English speaker.

A. hold on B. keep on C. go on D. carry on

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是不仅要理解供选择的四个动词短语的意义，而且要结合题干中的名词与动词短语的关系来进行判断选择。

【答案解析】选项A、B、C三个动词短语都表示”继续\"之意，与题干中名词a conversation with a native English speaker构成短语，不符句意。答案D。

[押题2] You’d better fly somewhere in the west. Then you can ____ a hire car and travel around.

A. take up B. get on C. pick up D. turn on

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据所给动词短语的意思，结合题干句作出正确选择。

【答案解析】take up开始学，从事，占去； get on 上车，相处,进展； pick up 拾起，学会，收听到，搭车；turn on打开。根据句子意思，应选择pick up，搭乘出租车。答案C。

[押题3]We’ve invited Mr and Mrs Brown to dinner. But we’ll have to because of the baby’s sickness.

A. took up B. made up C. gave up D. put off

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意区别give up与put off的差异。

【答案解析】根据句子意思，首先排除选项A开始学，从事，占去；B组成，构成；而选项C（give up放弃）强调主观意义，不符句子意思，故应选put off（推迟）。答案D。

[押题4]They have most carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.

A. picked out B. left out C. figured out D. taken out

【解题关键】 由于选项B、C两个动词短语为不常见短语，意义生疏，故解题时必须根据题干句子意思进行排除选择。

【答案解析】pick out挑出，选出； leave out 漏掉；figure out算出； take out拿出，取出。根据句子意思：他们十分仔细地算出了完成工程所需要的钱和时间，故应选figure out。答案C。

[押题5]The actress who had been thought highly of to be a great disappointment.

A. turned up B. turned out C. turned down D. turned in

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是理解句意：区别四个由动词turn所构成的短语意义，作出正确选择。

【答案解析】turn up调大（音量），出现；turn out结果是，证明是，生产，制造； turn down调低，拒绝；turn in交上去。答案B。

[押题6]-It’s a good idea. But who’s going to ____the plan?

-I think Tom and Mike will.

A. carry out B. get through C. take in D. set aside

【解题关键】该题提供的四个短语意义较广，解答该题的关键必须结合句子意思进行排除从而得出正确答案。

【答案解析】carry out执行，实行；get through完成，度过，通过；take in吸收，领会； set aside不理会，搁置。根据句子的意思：这是一个好主意，但谁去执行这个计划呢？故选carry out。答案A。

[押题7]Most people didn’t accept the theory when it was first ____.

A. set about B. set off C. put forward D. put out

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是结合句子的意思将短语代入，采用排除法进行选择，注意句子的意思与选项动词短语的意义一致。

【答案解析】set about 着手；set off出发，激发； put forward提出； put out扑灭。句意为：当这个理论最初被提出时，绝大多数人不能接受。故选put forward。答案C。

[押题8] Without proper lessons, you could ____ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.

A. give up B. catch up C. keep up D. pick up

【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意短语pick up的意义及题干句意的理解。

【答案解析】give up放弃；catch up赶上； keep up维持； pick up学会，搭车，拾起，收听到，无意中得到。根据句子的意思：如果没有正确的指导，弹钢琴时就会染上许多坏习惯。答案D。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇8：非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

非谓语动词

I like cooking. ”

He likes cooking.

It' s not easy for me to learn English.

Seen from the space, the earth is a blue sphere.

以上英语句子中____________________等具有动词特征，但是在句子中不能作谓语的动词形式，就叫动词的非谓语形式，也叫非谓语动词。

非谓语动词是不随 _______________变化而变化的，它们不受人称和数的限定，所以又叫“非限定动词”。

动词的非谓语形式有三种：

（1）动词不定式：to study (to + 动词原形)

（2）分词：studying (现在分词)、studied (过去分词)

（3）动名词：studying (形式与现在分词相同)

动词非谓语形式有以下几种形式变化（以write为例）：

形态 主动 被动

动词不定式 一般

进行

完成

完成进行

现在分词和动名词 一般

完成

过去分词 一般 written

一、动词不定式

二、动名词

动名词可以起 ______词的作用，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。

动名词的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定词。

（一）做____________________

Fishing in this lake is forbidden.

Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things.

My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps.

My job is teaching.

注意：

在______________; ______________; __________ ; _______________ ; _________________ ;___________________ 等习惯表达中，

It为__________，而将做主语的动名词短语放在后面。例如：

It’s no use /good ringing her up now.

Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents?

It’s wise trying again.

It is of great importance fighting against pollution.

It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.

It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up.

（二）动名词短语作___________________。

He avoided giving me a definite answer.

David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt.

I couldn’t risk missing that train.

常用的能接动名词的动词有：

承认__________，感激__________，避免__________，建议___________，不禁__________，庆祝__________，考虑__________，完成___________，延期__________，忍耐___________，喜欢__________，结束___________，想象__________，保持___________，在意__________，错过___________，允许__________，练习___________，冒险__________，明白___________。

例如：

（三）动名词短语作___________。如：

The children are fond of listening to pop music.

Are you interested in going to the show?

Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way.

Excuse me for interrupting you.

Before finishing your homework, you’d better not go out. 做

（四）动名词也可以有自己的逻辑主语，就是在动名词短语前面加上

_____________________。

I insisted on his (him) going to the cinema with me.

I can hardly imagine Peter’s sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

Linda’s coming will do you good.

What made him angry was their (them) laughing.

（五）动名词的完成式和被动语态：

（1）完成式表示__________________________________。例如：

I apologize for having broken my promise.

I don’t remember having talked with him before.

I regret not having met you before my marriage/before I got married.

（2）当___________________________________，动名词要用被动语态。例如：

I could no longer stand being treated like that.

She was proud of having been trained in the U.K.

He doesn’t like being laughed at.

（六）某些动词可接不定式也可接动名词做宾语，但意义有差别。

（1）like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜爱，厌恶的动词后面，

动名词表示______________________

不定式表示______________________

She likes dancing. But she wouldn’t like to dance with you.

He looked tired and I didn’t like to disturb him.

I don’t like reading, but I’d like to read a magazine in bed tonight.

Little Jim should love to be taken to the theatre this evening.

The reporter would /should like to see you again.

We don’t like talking about people behind their backs.

（2） forget to do sth. ___________________

forget doing sth.___________________

The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off.

The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off.

（3）remember to do sth. _________________

remember doing sth. _________________

Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?

You must remember to leave tomorrow。

（4）stop to do sth. __________________

stop doing sth. __________________

She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path.

As long as you live, your heart never stops beating,

（5） regret to do sth. _____________________

regret doing sth. ____________________

I regret saying that.

I regret to tell you the following truth.

（6）try to do sth. __________________

try doing sth. _________________

You must try to do it again.

Let’s try doing the work in some other way.

（7） mean to do sth. __________________

mean doing sth. __________________

If it means delaying more than a week, I’ll not wait.

I mean to help you, and nothing else. 。

I didn’t mean to hurt you. I’m sorry.

Declaring Taiwan independent means declaring war on China.

（8） go on to do sth. _____________________

go on doing sth. _____________________

After he finished his maths, he went on to do his physics.

I hope it won’t go on raining all day long.

现在做一些练习：

1．根据括号里的汉语意思用动名词填空：

1) ____________（游泳）is a very enjoyable exercise.

2) His work is ________________(修自行车).

3) Europeans uses an knife and a fork ______________(吃肉).

4) We will only succeed by ____________________(努力工作）.

5) Tom hates __________________(早晨9点以后起床).

6) I could' t help ________________(迟到).

7) _____________________(等着没用) there won' t be another bus.

2. 用动词不定式或动名词填空：

1) He wanted ____ (see) the book I had bought.

2) Please stop ___ (walk) about the room and sit down.

3) I called ____ (see) her yesterday but she was out.

4) In 1969, the United States succeeded in ____ (send) a rocket to the moon and ___ (land) two astronauts on its surface.

5) We decided ___ (put) off the meeting until Saturday.

6) Let me ___ (see) what you are doing.

7) When the professor finishes ____ (speak), we will ask him a question.

8) He made her ___ (go) although she wanted ___ (stay).

9) Please remember ____ (give) her this letter.

10) We heard him ___ (say) that he disliked ____ (go) abroad any more.

11) The child enjoyed ___ (play) at the seaside.

12) The little boy was made ___ (take) the medicine.

13) I watched the shop assistant ___ (take) the goods down for the shelf and put them on the counter.

14) He remembers ___ (go) to Shanghai with his parents when he was five.

15) She had her husband ___ (wash) her dirty linen.

16) The thief kept ____ (say) he hadn’t taken the purse.

17) The policeman saw him ___ (steal) the bicycle and ride away on it.

18) I’ve persuaded him ___ (help) us do the job.

19) You had better ____ (go) home now. It looks like rain.

20) Let me___ (know) if you had decided ____ (go).

21) He promised ___ (come) to our party.

22) I forget ____ (see) you there.

23) Don’t forget ___ (see) your grandma this Sunday.

24) I must apologize for not ___ (let) you know earlier.

三、分词

分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。

作为非谓语形式，分词可用作形容词和副词，在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。

现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态；它的完成式（having + 过去分词）表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。

现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词)。

过去分词只有一般式，表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词（及物动词）本身可以表示被动的含义，因而没有别的被动形式。

（一）用法

1．作定语。

作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词________________。

如果被修饰的词是something，anything，everything，nothing等，则分词放在这些词________________。

分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词_________________。

This is an interesting book。

China is a developing country.

a broken heart

a risen sun

There is something interesting in the news。

The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。

The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。

1. We lived in the house __________________(我舅舅们修建的).

2. Any medicine ________(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.

3. We spent two hours discussing the plan ________________ (她制定的).

4. Lessons _____________ (易学的)are soon forgotten.

** ______________ (易学的) lessons are soon forgotten.

2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。

时间

When the students saw the teacher entering the room，They stood up。

= seeing the teacher entering the room, they stood up.

When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.

__________________________, I came across an old friend of mine.

After he had heard the news, he jumped with joy.

_________________________, he jumped with joy.

The metal expands when it is heated.

___________，the Metal expands.

When he was asked why he did not do it, he began to cry.

________________________________, he began to cry.

原因

As I was excited，I couldn’t go to sleep

_____________，I couldn’t go to sleep。

Because he was a student，he was interested in sports.

______________________，he was interested in sports.

Because they were inspired (激励) by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder

_______________，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder.

方式、伴随

The children went away。They laughed as they went.

The children went away laughing.

The professor stood there and he was surrounded by many students

The professor stood there，_______________________________

He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.

He sat on the sofa, _____________________

条件

If you work hard, you will succeed.

________________, you will succeed.

If you use your head, you will find a way.

________________, you will find a way.

If water is heated to a certain temperature, it turns into steam.

_________________________________, water turns into steam.

3、作宾语补足语。

现在分词

(I) 用在_____________之后作宾补

1. I saw him running along the street.

2. I felt an ant climbing over my leg.

3. Suddenly I noticed her standing outside.

4. I smell something burning.

5. I hear a girl singing in the hall.

(II) 用在 __________________之后做宾补

1. I would have him waiting for me at the gate of the park.

2. Sorry, I kept you waiting a long time.

3. They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning.

过去分词

(I) 用在_______________ 之后作宾补。

1. The speaker raised his voice, but he still could not make himself heard.

2. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.

3. They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.

(II) 用在 ______________ 之后作宾补。

1. He didn’t notice his wallet stolen.

2. I was washing my clothes when I heard my name called.

(III) 用在 ______________之后作宾补。

1. He did not want such question discussed.

2. I would like my living room painted light blue.

4、作表语。

The result of the test is disappointing.

I feel disappointed in the result of the test.

The story is very interesting

He is interested in the book.

The result is surprising.

I am surprised at what he said.

现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质或特征，意为______________，

exciting, moving, amusing, astonishing, frightening, interesting, relaxing, shocking, surprising, terrifying, tiring etc.

过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态，意为_________________，

excited, moved, amused, astonished, frightened, interested, relaxed, satisfied, surprised, terrified, tired etc.

过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别

（1）被动结构强调___________，而系表结构强调________________

（2）_________________可以接by + 动作的执行者，___________则不行。

The glass is broken.

The glass is broken by Tom.

The bookstore is closed at six.

The bookstore is closed now.

注意：

（1）分词作状语时，_____________ 和 ______________ 一致：

__________at the top of the mountain，I saw lots of people there.

__________from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.

__________again, I found the book interesting.

__________again, the book was found interesting.

（2）在see，hear，watch，notice等动词后，

用动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示_______________________。

如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示____________________。

We sat two hours and watched the teacher __________ the experiment.

We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher________ the experiment.

（3）在“have+宾语+分词”的结构中，

现在分词表示 _____________________

过去分词表示 _____________________

动词不定式表示 ___________________

He had the fire ___________ (burn) day and night。

Father had me ___________(swim) the whole summer vacation。

Mary had her dress __________(wash).

Tom had his legs ____________ (break)

I had my watch __________(steal) yesterday。

My mother had me ___________ (wash) my dress.

The teacher had me ______________ (clean) the classroom.

（二）分词的时态和语态

上面已经谈到，过去分词可以表示“被动”和“完成”等意义，因此没有时态和

语态方面的形式变化。下面谈一下现在分词的时态和语态。

1.现在分词的完成式(having+过去分词)表示____________________________。

Having written the letter，John went to the post office.

(=After he had written the letter，John went to the post office.

Having lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.

(=As he has lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.)

Having drunk two glasses of water, Xiao Ma felt a little better.

(=After he had drunk two glasses of water Xiao Ma felt a little better.)

2.现在分词的被动语态(being +过去分词)通常表示“正在被…”的意思。如强调现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前时，可用现在分词被动语态的完成式(having + been +过去分词)。

The bridge being built will be completed next month.

Having been kept out of the room about half an hour for his returning late，Tom was let in.

exercises:

1、用现在分词或过去分词结构改写下列句子:

1）The teacher is taking a walk on the playground. He is our teacher of English.

2）The birds filled the air with music. They were singing in the trees.

3) Here is a novel. It was written b Lu Xun.

4) The language is English. It is spoken in Australia.

5) Do you know the number of students? They are coming to the English Evening.

6) I could hear the boys. They were playing in the field.

7) He was glad to find the fire. It was burning brightly.

8) I watched them. They were dancing.

9) I saw a man. He was banging at your door

10）Tom rushed into the room. He was covered with snow.

11）Mary sat on the ground. She talked with Jane.

12）I stood at the gate. I was waiting for his arrival.

13) John put on his raincoat because he saw that it was raining.

14) As he was stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.

15) He used chopsticks. He ate his dinner.

16) As he was going downstairs he tripped on the carpet.

17) When I was learning English, I had much trouble in pronunciation.

18) As he himself was one of the exploited Pottier shared their bitterness and sufferings.

19) The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe.

20) What is the book? It is being translated.

21) As we did not know his address we could not get in touch with him.

22) As she had been there many times, she knew the place quit well.

23) As we had not got a reply from them, we became quite worried.

24) Because they had been brought up in the city, they knew little about farmwork.

25) He was a League member. He ought to take the lead in such activities.

2、改正下列句子中的错误(注意分词短语的逻辑主语和句子的主语是否一致)。

Example:

Climbing to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.

-----Climbing to the top of the hill, one can see a magnificent view.

-----If one climbs to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.

1）Being Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home.

______________ I shall have quiet day at home.

2）Entering the house, the door closed with a bang.

3）Walking through the park, the flowers made a lovely sight.

4）Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.

5）Having been away from his hometown for more than thirty years, no one recognize him.

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇9：非谓语动词(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

非谓语动词

(一)不定式

非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式，动词ing形式(v-ing)及过去分词(ed分词)。

不定式的基本形式是由“to+ 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是not to do，不定式可以带自己的宾语或状语，构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语，不作谓语。如：

Lucy asked him to turn up the radio.

To make a plan first is a good idea.

1. 动词不定式不失动词的特点，有时态和语态的变化，不定式有六种形式，以write为例：

主动态 被动态

一般式 to write to be written

完成式 to have written to have

been written

进行式 to be writing

完成进行式 to have

been writing

(1)不定式的时态：

①不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生，不定式用一般式，如：

It seems that he knows this.

鯤e seems to know this.

I hope that I'll see you again.

鯥 hope to see you again.

②不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，并强调动作正在进行的情景，或持续性，不定式用进行式，如：

He pretended that he was listening to English course when I came in.

鯤e pretended to be listening to English course when I came in.

I am very glad that I am working with you.

鯥 am very glad to be working with you.

③不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，不定式用完成式，如：

I am sorry that I have put you so much trouble.

鯥 am sorry to have put you so much trouble.

It seems that I have met you somewhere before.

鯥 seem to have met you somewhere before.

④如果强调不定式所表示的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，不定式用完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。如：

She seems to have been reading the novel for three hours.

The rain was said to have been falling for a week.

(2)不定式的语态：当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。如：

This is the plan to be discussed at today's meeting.

The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.

Whether most countries can use natural energy in future remains to be seen.

2. 不定式的作用

(1)不定式作主语：

To say is one thing; to do is another.

To read novels is my hobby.

it形式主语常常代替作主语的不定式，而将不定式或不定式短语放在后面。

To talk with him is a great pleasure.

鯥t is great pleasure to talk with him.

To make electricity by building a dam across the sea is possible.

鯥t is possible to make electricity by building a dam across the sea.

注意：①To see is to believe. 主语和表语都是不定式，不能用it代替：It is to believe to see是错误的。

②To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 而finish与finishing放在than后面都是不合适的，因为前面句子的主语是to answer，后面的主语也要是to finish, 保持than前后句子结构平行。

(2)不定式作表语：不定式在系词后面作表语。

At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.

This suit doesn't seem to fit me.

The problems remain to be unsettled.

(3)不定式作宾语：在下列及物动词后，常跟不定式作宾语：want, need, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, try, manage, forget, remember, know, begin, start, intend, plan, mean, pretend, prefer, agree, refuse, learn等。

To keep the water clean, you need to get some under water plants.

I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

They have decided to visit the nature park for the milu deer.

注意：不定式作宾语时，有时用“it”替换，it为形式宾语，而将真正的不定式作宾语后置，如：

I found to learn English well not easy.

鯥 found it not easy to learn English well.

I feel to help others my duty.

鯥 feel it my duty to help others.

(4)不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语：通常用于及物动词或动词短语之后，如：

Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.

What caused you to change your mind?

在被动语态was considered后面，不定式为主语补足语接不定式作宾补和主补的动词常有:

ask, beg, cause, call n, help, force, allow, permit, advise, order, get, want, wish, tell

等。

(其中没有hope sb. to do, suggest sb. to do和agree sb. to do)

注意：①不定式作宾语补足语，在部分感官及使役动词后，用不带to的不定式作宾语，常用的动词有：let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel等，help有无to都可以，如：

The teacher had us recite the text every day.

The boss made his men work all the night.

把上面句子变成被动语态后，不定式成为句子的主语补足语，需带to，即在被动语态中不定式一律带to，不存在省略问题。

注意：②在谓语动词think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, prove, find等后面跟to be作宾补，不跟to do，但其中有些可跟to have done作宾补。如：

imagine…to be

Imagine yourself(to be)in his place.

find…to be

We found him(to be)honest.

suppose…to be/suppose…to have done.

I suppose him to be about fifty.

We suppose him to have stolen it.

(5)不定式作定语：不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词，如：

I have a meeting to attend. (attend the meeting)

及物动词+ 宾语

Pass me a piece of paper to write on. (write on the paper)

不及物动词+ 介词+ 宾语

在time, place, way后面的不定式省略介词，如：

He had no money and no place to live.

其他不定式作定语情况，如：

I have no chance to go abroad.

They had never moment to rest.

注意：there be句型中的不定式作定语用主动或被动都可以

There is a lot of work to do.

=There is a lot of work to be done.

There is no time to lose.

=There is no time to be lost.

但是在下列句子中，不定式主动与被动形式意义不同：

--Have you anything to wash?

--No, nothing. I plan to go shopping.

不定式动作的执行者是you. you wash something

--Have you anything to be washed?

--No, Thank you.

不定式动作的执行者不是you. 是省略了的(…to be washed)by me或by someone else.

不定式作状语：

①作目的状语：

I got up early in order to catch the 6∶30 train.

The boy ran all the way so as not to be late.

注意：so as to不能置于句首，in order to可以。

②作原因状语：

He smiled to think of his clever plan.

③在某些形容词后面作状语：

I am glad to see you.

You are sure to succeed.

④作结果状语：

第一, I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. (出乎意料的结果)

第二，too…to…“太……以至于不……”(to后面译作否定)

He is too old to read.

The boy is too young to dress himself.

当不定式前的形容词为nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等时，too…to，“to…”可译作肯定，

They are too nervous to leave. 他们急于离开

当too前有only, 即only too…to译作肯定

I am only too pleased to help you.

当不定式前有否定意义的词时译作肯定

We are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

第三，形容词/副词enough to do sth.

He was quick enough to catch the ball.

The girl is old enough to go to school.

第四，so…as to/such…as to如此……以致于……

He was so angry that he was unable to speak.

He was so angry as to be unable to speak.

He was such a fool that he believed the cheat.

He was such a fool as to believe the cheat.

⑤不定式作方面状语，不定式作方面状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式多用主动结构，如果不定式为及物动词，后面不必再跟宾语，如果不定式为不及物动词，要用相应的介词，如：

The mountain is difficult to climb. (动宾关系：climb the mountain)

不定式不说to climb it或to be climbed

Lesson Two is easy to learn. (动宾关系：learn Lesson Two)

有时由形容词+ to do结构一起做宾语补足语

3. 不定式的逻辑主语：不定式的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，如He seemed to be reading something, 当需要明确指出不定式动作的执行者时，用for/of sb. (sth. )to do sth. 表示，如：

(1)当作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行，性格，性质时，要用of，常见的这类形容词有:

brave, careful, careless, kind, nice, good, honest, clever, wise, unwise, stupid, foolish, rude, cruel, silly, thoughtful, impolite, polite, right, wrong, 等。这时It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. /sth. to do sth. 句型，等于sb. /sth. + be+ 形容词to do sth. , 如：

It is very kind of you to say so.

相当于You are very kind to say so.

It is clever of him to win the competition.

鯤e is clever to win the competition.

It+ be+ 形容词+ for sb. /sth. to do sth. 这一句型中的形容词大多为：

easy, important, usual, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。这些词只能说明不定式行为的是与非，不能说明不定式的执行者，所以不等于sb. + be+ 形容词+ to do sth. ，如：

1)It is difficult for beginners to read the book.

不能说：Beginners are difficult to read.

但是第一类，即It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. to do sth. 句型中的形容词，如right, impolite…等如果强调评论人用of，强调评论行为也可用for，应用情况如下：

(1)当sb. 为泛指时，形容词着重评论不定式行为本身，如：

It was not right for the south to break away from the Union.

(2)当不定式为被动语态时，不定式的执行者常常省略，因此形容词只用来评论不定式行为了。

It was unkind for you to be laughed at.

总之for sb. to do sth. 强调不定式行为

of sb. to do sth. 强调不定式执行者

4. 带疑问词的不定式：动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when, whether等连用，构成不定式短语，如：

The question is when to start.

They haven't ageed on whether to build a factory here or not.

what to say.

I don't know what to write about.

how to do it.

注意：没有if to do和why to do.

I don't know why to do it. (误)

I don't know why I should do it. (正)

5. 不定式省略“to”的情况：

(1)当and或or连接同一概念的不定式时，或者当它们之间的关系并列一致时，可将and或or后面的to省去，如：

I'd like to go and see a film.

He had to have a job or go hungry.

但是，有时为了表示对照，或加强语气，则不可以省去to，如：

It is easier to say than to do.

(2)不定式在一部分感官或使役动词后面作宾补省略to。

(3)不定式在but(除了……以外)，except后面的使用，如果but, except前有行为动词do, but, except后省去to，如：

They had nothing to do but wait for the doctor.

The whole night he did nothing except watch TV.

(4)在固定句型中：would rather do…than do…/prefer to do rather than do:

1)The bus was so crowded that I'd rather walk home than take a bus.

2)I prefer to play tennis rather than(play)basketball.

6. “to”代表整个不定式：有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符号to, 如果是to be，保留到be，如：

--Will you please give him a message when you see him?

--I'll be glad to.

--Would you like to go shopping with me?

--I'd like to. (或I'd love to)

有时为了强调，也可以不省略。

Do what he or she tell you to do.

(二)动词-ing形式

动词-ing形式由动词原形+ ing构成。动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独构成谓语，其构成形式如下，以do为例：

主动 被动

一般时态 doing being done

完成时态 having done having been done

否定式：not+ 动词-ing.

Learning English is very important to me.

Having been widened, the road took on a different look.

随着-ing在句子中所做的成分不同，所用的时态和语态有不同的要求，关于-ing的时态和语态的详细使用，在下面ing所作的句子成分中讲述。

1. 动词-ing形式作主语：

Seeing is believing.

有时主语太长，可用it作形式主语，将真正主语放在后面。如：

It is fun swimming in a river or lake in summer.

注意：动词-ing与不定式作主语的区别：

①一般情况下可以换用：

It is dangerous playing/to play with fire.

但在口语中用动词-ing形式放在句首比不定式多。

Going shopping is a pleasant thing.

②在下列句型中习惯用-ing作主语，不用不定式：

It is no use

It is no good doing.

It is useless

It is useless only learning English grammar.

It is no good cutting down the forest.

③在there+ be+ no+ 主语结构中，必须用动词-ing作主语：

There is no telling what will happen in the future.

④主语和表语结构相同，对等。

Seeing is believing.

To see is to believe.

2. 动词-ing作宾语：

(1)在及物动词后：

Would you mind my sitting here?

We suggest going out for a picnic on Sunday.

(2)在介词后：

We look forward to seeing you again.

(3)在worth, busy, feel like, look like等形容词后面：

China Daily is well worth reading.

The firefighters were busy putting out the big fire.

They look like winning the relay race.

Suddenly I feel like eating something.

动词-ing做主语或宾语时，一般情况下其逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果需要自己的逻辑主语时，要用物主代词或名词所有格+ 动词-ing，如：

His/Li Ping's coming late, made the teacher unhappy.

Would you mind my/me smoking here?

当动词-ing不在句首时，可用人称代词宾格，名词普通格代替，但逻辑主语为无生命的名词，或泛指时，用普通格，如：

We heard the noise of desks being opened and closed.

3. 不定式与动词-ing作宾语的比较：

(1)在下列一些动词后面常跟动词-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式：

admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape,

excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention,

mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest等。如：

He practices speaking English every day.

He admitted having broken the window.

I much appreciate your giving me the chance.

She dislikes doing housework.

He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.

(2)在下列一些动词后只跟不定式，不跟动词-ing作宾语：

want(想要)，hope, expect, wish, decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand,

offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…等，如：

I am expecting to get a letter from my parents.

We are planning to build another research center.

I'd like to buy a new car made in the U. S. A.

(3)在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同，如：

I remember doing this exercise before.

我记得以前做过这个练习。

Remember to post the book for me.

记住帮我把那本书寄走。

归纳：remember doing记得(做过的事，某事已做过)

remember to do记住(去做某事，某事还没做)

We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.

我们忘不了听杰克逊唱歌的情景。

Don't forget to give my regards to them.

别忘了代我向他们问好

归纳：forget doing忘了(做过的事，某事已做过)

forget to do忘了(去做某事，某事还没做)

I'll try to improve my pronunciation.

我要努力去纠正，提高我的发音。

Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?

既然前门没人答应，为什么不试试后门呢?

归纳：try to do. 尽力去做某事

try doing(用另外一种方法)试一试，试试看

I suggest we stop working and have a rest.

我建议我们停下干活，休息一会儿。

They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.

他们停下来，听一听，再没什么声音。

归纳：stop to do停下(某事)去做某事，(表目的)

stop doing把某事停下来，(宾语)

What do you mean to do with your old bicycle?

你打算如何处理你那辆旧自行车?

I won't wait if it means delaying a week or so.

如果这意味着要推迟一星期左右，那我就不等了。

归纳：mean to do打算做某事

mean doing意味着做某事

(4)在love, like, hate, prefer后面跟不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，如：

Do you like to eat ice-cream?

I like traveling very much.

I like driving(do drive)fast cars.

(5)在start, begin后面，一般接不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，在下列情况下，多用不定式：

①自然界变化：

It started to rain.

Snow started to melt as spring came.

②心理活动，在understand, know, realize等词前面：

I began to understand my mother's feelings.

③begin, start本身为进行时：

Mother was starting to cook in the kitchen when I got home.

(6)在allow, advise, permit, forbid等动词后面，有名词或代词作宾语，用不定式做宾语补足语，如果没有宾语，直接用-ing形式，如：

1)We don't allow parking here.

2)The police don't allow people to park here.

3)He advised me to get an English pen friend.

4)I advise seeing more English films.

(7)need, require, want译作“需要”时，跟动词-ing作宾语，主动表示被动，相当于to be done，如：

The windows require cleaning.

The windows require to be cleaned.

The patient needs operating on at once.

The patient needs to be operated on.

The flowers want watering.

The flowers want to be watered.

(8)在一些固定表达中用动词-ing形式，不用不定式：

can't help doing, be worth doing, devote…to doing, look forward to doing, be/get/become used to doing, object to doing, thank…for doing, excuse…for doing等。

Einstein devoted his life to making a research in science.

I'm looking forward to getting your letter.

We are used to living in the countryside.

4. 动词-ing在句中作表语：

Our plan is setting up a new car factory.

My job is teaching/driving.

这类词作表语，起解释说明主语的作用，主表可颠倒：Teaching is my job. 转换成问句，用what提问：

--What's your job?

--My job is teaching.

这类词作表语，起描绘作用，主表不颠倒，转换成问句，用how提问

--How is your job?

--It is interesting.

--How was your trip?

--It is tiring, but interesting.

5. 动词-ing作定语：

(1)表示被修饰名词的用途：

There are two reading rooms in our school library.

a reading room其含义是A room is used for reading.

The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.

the swimming pool其含义是The pool is used for swimming.

(2)如果动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰的名词发出的一个正在进行的动作或某种特征行为，这时被修饰的名词与动词-ing逻辑上有主谓关系，如果是主动关系用doing, 被动关系用done, 或being done表达，另外有时间要求：

第一种情况：主动关系，-ing形式与谓语动词同时进行，或经常发生，用doing，如：

Look at the dancing girl. She is one of my classmates.

Look at the girl who is dancing. ….

China is a developing country.

China is a country that is developing.

注意：①如果动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，一般不用having done作定语，而用定语从句表达，如：

The teacher criticized the boy having broken the window. (误)

The teacher criticized the boy who had broken the window. (正)

注意：②如果表达的是未来发生的动作，或含有情态概念，用不定式表达，如：

I have a meeting to attend today.

鯥 have a meeting that I will attend today.

Mary is the proper worker to do the job.

鯩ary is the proper worker who can do the job.

第二种情况：被动关系：动词-ing表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，正在进行，用being done; 发生在谓语动词之前，完成了的动作用done；发生在谓语动词之后，未来的动作，用to be done. 如：

The bridge being built now is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that is being built now is two kilometers long.

The bridge built last year is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that was built last year is two kilometers long.

The bridge to be built next year will be two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that will be built next year will be two kilometers long.

6. 动词-ing作宾语补足语和主语补足语：经常在see, hear, feel, watch, notice,

observe, find, get, look at, listen to, keep, leave, send, set, catch等一些动词后面用动词-ing作补语，其中宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，如果主谓关系是主动的，又表示动作在进行，或状态的持续，用doing; 如果主谓关系是被动的，又表示动作在进行，用being done，如：

I noticed them repairing the car.

鯳hen they were repairing the car, I noticed.

I noticed the car being repaired.

鯳hen the car was being repaired, I noticed.

如果宾语和宾补是主动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成或一般时态，宾补用不定式to do表达(在某些动词后面不定式不带to)；如果是被动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成时态用done表达，如：

I often notice them repair the car.

I noticed the car repaired.

如果把上述句子变成被动语态，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。

7. 动词-ing形式作状语：动词-ing形式作状语时，要求其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语与动词-ing形式逻辑上有主谓关系。如果主谓关系是主动的，用主动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing, 如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式having done, 如：

Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

相当于When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

Having finished their work, they had a rest. 相当于After they had finished their work, they had a rest.

如果主谓关系是被动的，用被动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生，用done；如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，已完成的动作，用被动语态的完成式having been done, 如：

Having been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

相当于After our classroom had been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

相当于As he is well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

注意：-ing形式做状语时，如果-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语，人称代词用主格，名词用普通格，如：

Mother/She being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.

It being Sunday, the shops are crowded.

(三)过去分词

过去分词由动词+ ed构成，起到形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。过去分词的性质是被动，完成，但有时侧重程度，有时侧重被动，不及物动词变成的过去分词无被动的意义，过去分词形式由动词原形加词尾-ed构成，及部分不规则的词如：done, played.

①侧重程度：

boiling water 沸水 fallen leaves落叶

boiled water 凉开水 frozen chicken冷冻鸡

developing country 发展中的国家

developed country 发达国家

②侧重主、被动：

a broken glass, a dancing girl, a damaged house.

1. 过去分词的作用：

(1)过去分词作状语：同动词-ing形式作状语一样，过去分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，如是被动关系，又与谓语动词同时发生，或无一定时间对比，用过去分词，如：

Seen from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (相当于The lake is seen)

相当于When the lake is seen from the top of the mountain it looks like a mirror.

Heated, water can turn into vapor.

相当于If it is heated, water can turn into vapor.

(2)过去分词作表语：

We are interested in science.

(3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语，有时间要求，发生在谓语动词之前，即完成的动作，用done，而不用having been done.

The bridge built last year is 2 kilometers long.

People invited to the party are most scientists.

(4)过去分词作宾补：

I noticed the car repaired.

2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式的区别：

(1)作表语和定语的区别：动词-ing形式表示事物对人造成的影响，事物是主动的，常译成令人……，使人……；过去分词表示人对事物的看法产生的心理反应，人是被动的，常译作：感到……如：

The news is surprising.

We are surprised at the news.

这类词很多，如：inspiring, inspired, astonishing, astonished, tiring, tired,

moving, moved, disappointing, disappointed, worrying, worried, encouraging, encouraged, …….

(2)作宾补的区别：宾语与宾补逻辑上有主谓关系，主动用动词-ing或不定式表达，被动用being done或done表达。

We found him standing outside the door.

He found the door locked.

(3)作状语的区别：用作状语的动词，与句子的主语逻辑上有主谓关系、主动用-ing形式，被动用过去分词。

The boy entered the room, followed by a dog.

相当于The boy entered the room and he was followed by a dog.

The boy entered the room, following his father.

相当于The boy entered the room and followed his father.

(4)-ing形式与ed分词都可以作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、让步、程度，如：

Having brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better. (时间)

After she had brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better.

Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. (原因)

We had to finish the meeting early because we were disturbed by the noise.

Born a free man, he was now in chains. (让步)

Though he was born a free man, he was now in chains.

(If) bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk. (条件)

鯥f you are bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.

The boy ran in, carrying a ball in his arm. (伴随)

鯰he boy ran in and carried a ball in his arm.

He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces. (结果)

鯤e dropped the plate and broke it into pieces.

(5)-ing形式与ed分词的否定式，由not+ -ing构成：

Not knowing how to do it, I asked him for help.

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇10：不规则动词总表 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

不规则动词总表

________________________________________

Infinitive不定词 Pasttense过去式 PastParticiple过去分词

abide

arise

awake

be

bear

beat

become

befall

beget

begin

behold

bend

bereave

beseech

beset

bet

betake

bethink

bid

bind

bite

bleed

blend

bless

blow

break

breed

bring

broadcast

build

burn

burst

buy

cast

catch

chide

choose

cleave

cling

clothe

come

cost

creep

crow

cut

dare

deal

dig

dive

do

draw

dream

drink

drive

dwell

eat

fall

feed

feel

fight

find

flee

fling

fly

forbear

forbid

forecast

foreknow

foresee

foretell

forget

forgive

forsake

forswear

freeze

gainsay

get

gild

gird

give

go

grave

grind

grow

hamstring

hang

have

hear

heave

hew

hide

hit

held

hurt

inlay

keep

kneel

knit

know

lade

lay

load

lean

leap

learn

leave

lend

let

lie

light

lose

make

mean

meet

melt

miscast

misdeal

misgive

mislay

mislead

misspell

misspend

mistake

misunderstand

mow

outbid

outdo

outgo

outgrow

outride

outrun

outshine

overbear

overcast

overcome

overdo

overhang

overhear

overlay

overleap

overlie

override

overrun

oversee

overshoot

oversleep

overtake

overthrow

partake

pay

prove

put

quit

read

rebind

rebuild

recast

redo

relay

remake

rend

repay

rerun

reset

retell

rewrite

rid

ride

ring

rise

rive

run

saw

say

see

seek

sell

send

set

sew

shake

shave

shear

shed

shine

shoe

shoot

show

shrink

shrive

shut

sing

sink

sit

slay

sleep

slide

sling

slink

slit

smell

smite

sow

speak

speed

spell

spend

spill

spin

spit

spoil

spread

spring

stand

stave

steal

stick

sting

stink

strew

stride

strike

string

strive

swear

sweep

swell

swim

swing

take

teach

tear

tell

think

thrive

throw

thrust

tread

unbend

unbind

underbid

undergo

understand

undertake

undo

upset

wake

waylay

wear

weave

weep

win

wind

withdraw

withhold

withstand

work

wring

write abode,abided

arose

awoke

was

bore

beat

became

befell

begot

began

beheld

bent

bereaved,bereft

besought

beset

bet,betted

betook

bethought

bade,bid

bound

bit

bled

blended,blent

blessed,blest

blew

broke

bred

brought

broadcast,broadcasted

built

burnt,burned

burst

bought

cast

caught

chided,chid

chose

clove,cleft

clung

clothed,clad

came

cost

crept

crowed,crew

cut

dared,durst

dealt

dug

dived;(US)dove

did

drew

dreamt,dreamed

drank

drove

dwelt

atee

fell

fed

felt

fought

found

fled

flung

flew

forbore

forbade,forbad

forecast,forecasted

foreknew

foresew

foretold

forgot

forgave

forsook

forswore

froze

gainsaid

got

gilded,gilt

girded,girt

gave

went

graved

ground

girew

hamstringed,hamstrung

hung,hanged

had

heard

heaved,hove

hewed

hid

hit

held

hurt

inlaid

kept

knelt

knitted,knit

knew

laded

laid

led

lesnt,leaned

leapt,leaped

learnt,learned

left

lent

let

lay

lit,lighted

lost

made

meant

met

melted

miscast

misdealtmisdealt

misgave

mislaid

misled

misspelt

misspent

mistook

misunderstood

mowed

outbid

outdid

outwent

outgrew

outrode

outran

outshone

overbore

overcast

overcame

overdid

overhung

overheard

overlaid

overleapt,overleaped

overlay

overrode

overran

oversaw

overshot

overslept

overtook

overthrew

partook

paid

proved

put

quitted,quit

read[red]

rebound

rebuilt

recast

redid

relaid

remade

rent

repaid

reran

reset

retold

rewrote

red,redded

rode

rang

rose

rived

ran

sawed

said

saw

sought

sold

sent

set

sewed

shook

shaved

sheared

shed

shone

shod

shot

showed

shrank,shrunk

shrove,shrived

shut

sang,sung

sank,sunk

sat

slew

slept

slid

slung

slunk

slit

smelt;smelled

smote

sowed

spoke

sped,speeded

spelt,spelled

spent

spilt,spilled

spun,span

spat,spit

spoilt,spoiled

spread

sprang,sprung

stood

staved,stove

stole

stuck

stung

stank,stunk

strewed

strode

struck

strung

strove

swore

swept

swelled

swam

swung

took

taught

tore

told

thought

throve,ghrived

threw

thrust

trod

unbent

unbound

underbid

underwent

understood

undertook

undid

upset

woke,waked

waylaid

wore

wove

wept

won

wound

withdrew

withheld

withstood

worked,wrought

wrung

wrote abode,abided

arisen

awaked,awoken

been

borne,born

beaten

become

befallen

begotten

begun

beheld

bent

bereaved,bereft

besought

beset

bet,betted

betaken

bethought

bidden,bid

bound

bitten,bit

bled

blended,blent

blessed,blest

blown

broken

bred

brought

broadcast,broadcasted

built

burnt,burned

burst

bought

cast

caught

chided,chidden

chosen

cloven,cleft

clung

clothed,clad

come

cost

crept

crowed

cut

dared

dealt

dug

dived

done

drawn

dreamt,dreamed

drunk

driven

dwelt

aten

fallen

fed

felt

fought

found

fled

flung

flown

forborne

forbidden

forecast,forecasted

foreknown

foreseen

foretold

forgotten

forgiven

forsaken

forsworn

frozen

gainsaid

got;(US)gotten

gilded

girded,girt

given

gone

graven,graved

ground

grown

hamstringed,hamstrung

hung,hanged

had

heard

hesved,hove

hewed,hewn

hidden

hit

held

hurt

intaid

kept

knelt

knitted,knit

known

laden

laid

led

lesnt,leaned

leapt,leaped

learnt,learned

left

lent

let

lain

lit,lighted

lost

made

meant

met

meited,molten

miscast

misgiven

mislaid

misled

misspelt

misspent

mistaken

misunderstood

mown;(US)mowed

outbid

outdone

outgone

outgrown

outridden

outrun

outshone

overborne

overcast

overcome

overdone

overhung

overheard

overlaid

overleapt,overleaped

overlain

overridden

overun

overseen

overshot

overslept

overtaken

overthrown

partaken

paid

proved,proven

put

quitted,quit

read[red]

rebound

rebuilt

recast

redone

relaid

remade

rent

repaid

rerun

reset

retold

rewritten

rid,ridded

ridden

rung

risen

riven,rived

run

sawn,sawed

said

seen

sought

sold

sent

set

sewn,sewed

shaken

shaved,shaven

sheared,shorn

shed

shone

shod

shot

shown,showed

shrunk,shrunken

shriven,shrived

shut

sung

sunk;sunken

sat

slain

slept

slid

slung

slunk

slit

smelt;smelled

smitten

sown,sowed

spoken

sped,speeded

spelt,spelled

spent

spilt,spilled

spun

spat,spit

spoilt,spoiled

spread

sprung

stood

staved,stove

stolen

stuck

stung

stunk

strewn,strewed

stridden,strid

struck,stricken

strung

striven

sworn

swept

swollen,swelled

swum

swung

taken

taught

torn

told

thought

thriven,thrived

thrown

thrust

trodden,trod

unbent

unbound

underbid,underbidden

undergone

understood

undertaken

undone

upset

woken,waked

waylaid

worn

woven

wept

won

wound

withdrawn

withheld

withstood

worked,wrought

wrung

written

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇11：考点 6 动词的时态和语态 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

考点 6 动词的时态和语态

1. He ______ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _______.

A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. Was going; had occurred

2. I was giving a talk to a target group of people, the same talk I to half a dozen other groups.

A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given

3. The house belongs to my aunt but she __ here any more.

A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. hadn’t lived D. doesn’t live

4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games __ open, the whole world cheered.

A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared

5. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane .

A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off

6. - If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I couldn’t have been back by 6 o’clock.

- What a pity! Tina here to see you.

A. is B. was C. would be D. has been

7. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else such a beautiful palace.

A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find

8. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables.

A. persuade B. will persuaded C. be persuaded D. are persuaded

9. Now that she is out of job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to considered

10. I with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.

A. stayed B. am staying C. have stayed D. was staying

11. - What’s the weather like tomorrow?

- Well, I it, for the scenic pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.

A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. had missed

12. - Has George returned from Japan yet? I’d like to meet him.

- I’m terribly sorry, but he back here only for last weekend.

A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was

13. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.

A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused

14. - Why did you leave that position?

- I a better position at IBM.

A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered

15. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.

A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away

16. According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars.

A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting

17. The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.

A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported

18. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which placed under the Minister’s car. A. has been B. had been C. was being D. would be

19. - the Christmas card Mr. White? - No. It’s still on the desk.

A. Has; given B. Was; given C. Has; been given D. Will; be given

20. Only when your identity has been checked, _ .

A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in

C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in

21. - Do you know anyone in Paris?

- No, but I’ll make friends once .

A. I’m settled B. I’ll be settled C. I’ve been settled D. I had settled

22. The high standard of the nation’s literature and art widespread attention.

A. was attracted B. have attracted C. has attracted D. has been attracted

23. When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.

A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden

C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid

24. Scientists think that the continents _______ where they today.

A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were

25. Let’s keep to the point or we any decisions.

A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached

26. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much.

A. when B. that C. before D. since

27. The cell phone I I is on the backseat of my car.

A. thought; had lost B. think; had lost C. thought; have lost D. think; lost

28. - Alice, you looked puzzled. Have you understood it?

-Yes. I another problem just now.

A. have thought of B. am thinking of C. had thought of D. was thinking of

29. I toured Zhangjiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.

A. For the first time B. At first C. It was the first time D. The first time

30. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He there for a few months and then went to America.

A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working

31. - Hey, boy! Look where you are going! - Oh, I’m terribly sorry, .

A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing C. I am not noticed D. I don’t noticed

32. All the preparations for the task , and they’re ready to start.

A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed

33. The water cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.

A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels

34. I think it is necessary for my 19 -year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he home for dinner.

A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come

35. It is said that the early European playing cards for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed

36. In a room above the store, where a party __ , some workers were busily setting the table.

A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held

37. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 off at 18:20.

A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken

38. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage.

A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

39. Customers are asked to make sure that they the fight change before leaving the shop.

A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given

40. I in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.

A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived

41. I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he on it for more than an hour.

A. has been working B. will have worked C. had worked D. will have been working

42. - What’s wrong with your coat?

- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me on it.

A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting

43. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which the Pacific, and we met no storms.

A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called

44. - Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.

- Oh! I thought they without me.

A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone

45. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.

A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide

46. When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.

A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden

C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid

47. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt for London to attend a meeting.

A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left

48. - Why were you not at the concert last night?

- I a close game between Seattle Senies and Miami Bucks.

A. watched B. was watching C. have watched D. had watched

49. He told me that his plane __ at 5 o’clock.

A. will take off B. has taken off C. was taking off D. is taking off

50. - Are you glad that you come to Washington?

- Yes indeed. I going to New York or Boston, but I’ve never regretted my decision.

A. have considered B. am considering C. had considered D. was considering

51. You must do your homework now; you computer games all the evening.

A. have been playing B. play C. are playing D. played

52. It long before the Chinese Space Center Shenzhou VII spaceship.

A. will not be; launches B. is; will launch C. will not be; will launch D. is; launches

53. He ______ always _______ me as a child, so I can’t put up with him any longer.

A. does; treat B. /; treats C. had, treated D. is; treating

54. By the time he arrives here, we here for three months.

A. have been staying B. have stayed C. shall stay D. will have stayed

55. The little boy while watching TV. So his mother sent him to bed at once.

A. had fallen asleep B. fell asleep C. was falling asleep D. will have stayed,

56. The mother often tells her child not to get off a bus until it completely.

A. stops B. will stop C. is stopping D. has stopped

57. - I like a pen which _______ well. - Will this one ?

A. is written; do B. is written; work C. writes; do D. writes; work‘

58. - What’s that unpleasant noise?

- Oh, the road before the main gate .

A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. is repaired D. has been repaired

59. - Hi, Kim. What’s up? - I for someone to go to the movie with me.

A. look B. have looked C. looked D. am looking,

60. Congratulations! I hear you a job. When will you start to work?

A. got B. have got C. will get D. had get

61. - Wow, what a large crowd!

- Yes, and they in the cold wind for hours; You know, George W. Bush is soon to deliver his in augural (就职演说) for his second term.

A. will be waiting B. have waited C. are waiting D. have been waiting

II. 考点小资料（动词）

1．无被动结构的特殊动词：have, own, fit, last, want, suit, fail等；

2．含被动意义的主动语态的动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, prove等；

3．无进行时的动词： (1) 描写智力的：know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, suppose, think, imagine, doubt, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean等；

(2) 描写感情状况的：love, like , appreciate, hate, dislike, fear, end, mind, care等；

(3) 表“所有，拥有”的：possess, have, own, belong等；

(4) 描写感官、官能状况的：taste, smell, sound, hear, look feel, see等；

(5) 表“存在”的：be, exist, obtain, stay等。

4．主动形式表示被动意义的情况

(1) 某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如 look，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear，prove，后面接形容词或名词做表语。如：The roses smell sweet. The theory proved true.

(2) 某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record，lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等。如：Your composition reads well. His voice records well.

(3) 表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。如：Work began at 7 o’clock this morning．The shop closes at 6 p．m．everyday．

(4) 少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。如：The books are printing. The meat is cooking. My coat is hanging behind the door.

(5) 某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有：happen，take place，break out， belong to，go out，run out等。如： The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937. The fire went out gradually.

5．三个特殊句式的固定时态： (1) This/It is the first/second … time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则用过去完成时。如：This is the first time I have come to the famous city. / It was the forth time he had made the same mistake. (2) It is/has been + 一段时间 + since从句。since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time．(3) It + be + 一段时间 + before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。如：It won’t be long before he succeeds．(要不了多久他就会成功) / It was ten years before they met again．(十年后，他们又见面了)

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇12：高考英语陷阱题总结--短语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳--短语动词

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. When he realized the police had seen him， the man ______ the exit as quickly as possible.

A. made off B. made for

C. made out D. made up

【陷阱】容易误选A.

【分析】正确答案应选B.make for 意为“移向，走向”。最具干扰性的选项是A，因为make off 的意思是“匆匆逃走”。之所以不能选A，是因为 make off 不及物，其后不能接宾语；而 make for 是及物的，其后可以接宾语。另外两个选项的意思是：make out 指“勉强了解，开出（支票等），成功”；make up 指“弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆”。

2. Now and then they would ______ our house and have a talk with us.

A. call on B. drop in at

C. drop in on D. drop in

【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。

【分析】答案应选B.drop in 意为“顺便走访，不预先通知的拜访”，为不及物动词，其后不接宾语，若要接宾语，遵循以下原则：表示拜访某人，后接介词on；表示拜访某地，后接介词at.call 表示“拜访”时也遵循以上原则，即 call at 后接地点，call on 后接人。

3. “Why didn’t you write？” “My ink has _______.”

A. used up B. run out of

C. given away D. given out

【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。

【分析】最佳答案为D.give out 有很多意思，如表示“分发，发出（气味、热等），发表，用尽，精疲力竭”等，此题取其“用尽”之义。选项A和B很具干扰性，它们均可表示“用完，用尽”，但是它们是及物的，其后应接宾语。假若将选项A改为been used up 也可以选。

4. I think your health will soon ______ if you have a holiday on the seaside.

A. give up B. pick up

C. take up D. get up

【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。

【分析】答案选B.pick up 的意思很多，其中一个用法是表示“恢复，改进，改善”。如：

The weather may pick up. 天气会好转的。

Business is picking up again. 生意又有所好转。

除此之处还可表示“拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；学会，获得；（用车）来接，去取；重新开始，继续；感染（疾病、坏习惯等）”等。

其他几个选项的意思分别为：give up 意为“放弃”；take up 意为“开始（学习或从事等），继续，占去，接纳，提出”；get up 意为“起床”。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. To our surprise the stranger _____ to be an old friend of my mother’s.

A. turned out B. turned up

C. set out D. set up

2. All the girls swam in the lake except two， who _____ halfway.

A. gave off B. gave up

C. gave away D. gave out

3. If the new arrangement doesn’t _____， we’ll go back to the old one.

A. work over B. work out

C. work up D. work in

4. “Have great changes taken place in your village？” “Yes， A new school was ______ in the village last year.”

A. held up B. set up

C. sent up D. brought up

5. I had to ______ because someone else wanted to use the phone.

A. give up B. put up

C. hang up D. ring up

6. Elephants would ______ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.

A. die down B. die out

C. die away D. die off

7. My study of biology has ___C___ much of my spare time， but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.

A. taken off B. taken down

C. taken up D. taken away

8. The plan ___ just because people were unwilling to co-operate（合作）。

A. broke down B. pulled down

C. turned down D. put down

9. The government has _______ the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.

A. asked for B. called for

C. looked forD. paid for

10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ______ all his trousers to his measure.

A. let out B. give away

C. bring in D. make up

11. I can ______ some noise while I’m studying， but I can’t stand very loud noise.

A. put up with B. get rid of

C. have effect on D. keep away from

12. The mother often tells her son to be a good boy， warning him to ______ trouble.

A. hold back fromB. keep out of

C. break away from D. get rid of

13. To my surprise， the manager ______ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.

A. cut off B. held up

C. brought down D. kept back

14. Steven has a lot of work to _______ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.

A. take up B. make up

C. work outD. carry out

15. Although Jane agrees with me on most points， there was one on which she was unwilling to _______.

A. give out B. give in

C. give away D. give off

16. You should ______ what your parents expect of you.

A. live up to B. stand up to

C. look up to D. run up to

17. I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have _______. There are so many wrong spellings in it.

A. turned into B. turned off

C. turned to D. turned in

18. “Why don’t we go for a picnic this weekend？” “Good idea！ I would ______ the car and you’ll prepare the food.”

A. look after B. take care of

C. see about D get down to

19. How I wish that I could ______ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.

A. set out B. set off

C. set over D. set up

20. Some kinds of animals can _______ the colour of their surroundings.

A. take on B. dress up

C. put on D. get into

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选A.turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到， 发现，出现，开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创（纪录），提出”等。

2. 选B.give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出（气味、热等），发表，用尽，精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出（蒸汽、光等），长出（枝、杈等）”。

3. 选B.work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进”。

4. 选B.set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。

5. 选C.give up 指“放弃”，put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等，hang up 指“挂断（电话）”，ring up 指“给某人打电话”。

6. 选B.die away 指“（声音、风、光线等）渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“（慢慢）熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“（家族、种族、习俗、观念等）灭绝，绝迹”。

7. 选C.take up 意为“开始（学习或从事等），继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。

8. 选A.break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。

9. 选B.call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为……付钱”。

10. 选A.let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露， 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。

11. 选A.put up with 意为“忍受，容忍”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”；have effect on 意为“对……有影响”；keep away from意为“远离，不接近”。

12. 选B.hold back from 意为“向……隐瞒”；keep out of 意为“使在……之外”；break away from 意为“脱离”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”。

13. 选D.keep back 意为“扣下，留下，阻挡，隐瞒”；hold up意为“举起，支撑”；bring down 意为“打倒，击落，打死，降低”；cut off 意为“切断，断绝”。

14. 选B.make up 意为“弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆”；take up 意为“拿起，开始从事，继续，吸收”；work out 意为“计算出，设计出，有预期结果”；carry out 意为“完成，实现，贯彻，执行”。

15. 选B.give in 意为“让步，屈服，上交”；give away 意为“分发，赠送，背弃，出卖，泄漏”； give off 意为“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）”；give out 意为“分发，散发，用完，耗尽，垮掉，失灵，出故障，发表，公布，发出（热、声音、信号等）”。

16. 选A.live up to 意为“实践，做到”；stand up to 意为“勇敢地抵抗”；look up to 意为“尊敬，仰望”；run up to 意为“达到，积累到”。

17. 选D.turn in 意为“上交，归还”；turn into 意为“进入，（使）变成”；turn to 意为“转向，变成，求助于，致力于”；turn off 意为“关掉，避开”。

18. 选C.see about 意为“查询，留意于”；look after和take careof均表示为“照顾，关心”；get down to 意为“开始认真考虑”。

19. 选A.set out 意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；set off 意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；set up意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创（纪录），提出”。

20. 选A.take on 意为“披上，呈现，具有，雇用，接纳，流行”；dress up 意为“打扮，装饰，伪装”；put on 意为“穿上，把……放在上，装出，增加”；get into意为“进入，陷入，穿上”。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇13：高考常见动词短语积累总结 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结

look 的常用短语：

look up … in查找

look sb. up and down 上下打量

look back to/ upon回顾

look upon…as把… 看作

look forward to期待

look through浏览; 看穿

take a new look呈现新面貌

fear的常用短语：

in fear害怕地

(be) in fear of 害怕

for fear of/ that担心；生怕

concentrate 的常用短语：

concentrate on 专心…

concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…

类似的短语：

fix one’s mind upon

focus on

put one’s heart into

focus one’s mind on

surprise常用短语：

in surprise惊讶地

to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

be surprise at/to do/that

对某事感到惊讶

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1．表示动作的有：

pull on

put on

dress

dress sb

2. 表示状态的有：

wear

be in

be dressed in

have … on

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like

care for

be keen on

be fond of

take delight in…

trouble的常用短语：

have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在…有/没有困难

take great trouble to do

不辞辛劳做某事

put sb to the trouble of doing …

为难某人做某事

make trouble捣乱

be in (great) trouble

惹麻烦；处在困境中

help sb. out of trouble

帮某人摆脱困境

end的常用短语：

come to an end……结束

put an end to 结束……

on end竖起, 连续

in the end终于; 最后

end up (by) doing…以……结束

make both ends meet收支相抵

表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：

1. 导致

cause sth. (to do)

result in

lead to

2. 由……引起

be caused by

result from

grow out of

lie in

表“全力以赴”的短语：

do / try one’s best

spare no efforts to do

take great pains to do

go all out to do

do what somebody can (do) to do

do all somebody can (do) to do

direction常用短语：

in (the ) direction of….朝……方向

under the direction of ...在……的指导下

follow the directions照说明去做

far常用短语：

far from (being)离……要求相差很远

far from +(a place)距离某地很远

far away遥远

so far 到目前为止; 那么远

as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知

by far

(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

distance常用短语：

in the distance在远处

from/ at a distance从远处

keep sb. at a distance

于某人保持一定距离

It is no distance at all.不远

use常用短语：

used to do过去曾经、常做

be used to doing …习惯于……

be used to do被用来做……

make good/ full use of充分利用……

come into use开始使用……

it is no use doing …干……没有用

“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What’s wrong with….?

What’s the matter with…?

What’s the trouble with…?

What happened (to sb.) ?

“众所周知”常用表达法：

It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省

As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首

We all know (that)后接宾语从句

Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：

agree with sb. /what sb. said

agree to sth.

approve (of) sth.

in favour of sth.

be agreeable to sth.

be for sth.

“不同意”

disagree with sb./ what sb. said

object to sth.

disapprove (of) sth.

be against sth.

sign的常用短语：

sign one’s name签名

sign to sb (not) to do sth.

示意某人(不)做某事

signs of …

……的迹象

would rather 与 prefer 的区别

1．宁愿做……而不做……

would rather do A than do B

prefer A to B

prefer to do A rather than do B

2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿”

eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”

eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

trap常用短语

be caught in a trap落入圈套

be led into a trap中圈套

set a trap to do sth.设圈套……

be trapped in sth.被…..所围困

grow常用短语

in the grow of在….成长中

grow up长大; 成长

grow rich on靠….. 变富

grow into长成……

grow out of由…..引起/滋生出

make常用短语

be made up of =consist of 由……组成

make up for弥补

be made from/ of由……造成

make up编造;组成;化妆

be made into制成……

make fun of取笑; 嘲弄

make a living 谋生

supply, provide, offer 的区别：

1．表示“向某人提供某物”

supply / provide sb. with sth.

supply / provide sth. for sb.

supply sth. to sb.

offer sb. sth.

2. 表示“主动提出做某事”

offer to do sth.

3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”

provided / providing that

= on condition that

=only if

4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

supply的常用短语

in short supply 缺乏，不足

medical/military supply医疗/军用品

supplies of…许多

lack的常用短语

be lacking in sth. 在……不足

make up for the lack of

弥补……的不足

for/by/from/through lack of…

由于…不足,缺乏

have no lack of不缺

damage的常用短语

do damage/harm to 对……有害

cause damage to 对……造成损害

ask for damage要求赔偿

die of 与die from 的区别

die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。

die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：

die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrust

die常用短语

die for one’s country为国捐躯

die down熄灭、平息

die off绝种、枯死

die away消逝、静下来

die a heroic death英勇牺牲

threaten常用短语

threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人

threaten to do…威胁做……

under the threat of…在……的威胁下

speed常用短语

speed up加速

at the speed of…以…..的速度

with great speed迅速

aim常用短语

take aim at瞄准

reach an aim达到目的

aim at瞄准、针对

permit与allow 的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

permit/allow doing sth.

permit/allow sb. to do sth.

permit /allow of sth

一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit

Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.

allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：

1. We allow him to be wronged.

2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.

means常用短语

by means of通过….., 靠……

by this means/ in this way用这种方法

by no means/in no case决不

by all means用一切办法

keep常用短语

keep up with紧跟…..

keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做

keep sb. from doing sth.阻止…..做……

keep off the grass勿踏草地

keep to the point紧扣主题

keep in touch with与……保持联系

mark常用短语

make one’s mark成功、出名

be marked with标明

gain/get full marks for ……得满分

seat常用短语

take one’s seat坐下

have a seat请坐

see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在….

be seated就座, 坐着

seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……

部分 动词+ to + doing 的用法

look forward to

get down to

object to

devote… to…

pay attention to

prefer…to…

give常用短语

give up放弃

give in让步屈服

give off 散发出

give away赠送、泄漏

give rise to 引起……

give out 疲劳、用完、散发出

fit常用短语

be fit for适合

keep fit/keep healthy保持健康

be fit to do 适合于…..

fit in with适应……

a nice fit合身的衣服

…fit sb.某人穿….. 合身

reach 常用短语

reach an agreement达成协议

reach for…伸手去拿/够……

within / out of reach够得到/够不着

reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白

feed常用短语

feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用……喂养……

be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…

对……感到厌倦

feed on以……为食

mercy常用短语

without mercy残忍地

have mercy on /upon 对……表示怜悯

at the mercy of任凭摆布

beg for mercy 乞求饶恕

exist常用短语

exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……

in existence 现存的

come into existence/ come into being 形成

opinion常用短语

in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来

have a high/ low opinion of

对……评价高/低

give one’s opinion on

对……谈自己的看法

persuade常用短语

persuade sb. to do =

persuade sb. into doing

说服某人做某事

try to persuade sb. to do

试图说服某人做某事

persuade sb. to sth.

说服某人同意某事

engage 常用短语

be engaged to sb.

与某人订婚

be engaged in sth. =

be engaged doing sth.

忙于……, 从事某事

wide 与broad 的区别

它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a river 50 feet wide/ broad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示

“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。

broad shoulders/ back

with wide eyes

open one’s mouth wide

wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地”

be wide awake

be wide open

sure常用短语

be sure of/about

对……由把握

be sure to do sth.

肯定会……

make sure + that-clause

务必……,一定要……

make sure of…

弄清楚……

experience 常用短语

have experience in…

在……有经验

be experienced in…

在……有经验

pain 常用短语

take great pains to do

努力做某事

spare no pains to do

全力以赴做某事

stick 常用短语

stick to sth.

坚持……

stick …on…

粘贴……

be stuck in …

陷进……

stick no bills

请勿张贴

spare 常用短语

spare money/time for

省出钱…，腾出时间

in one’s spare time

在某人业余时间

spare no efforts to do

不遗余力去做

don’t spare the opinions

不要保留意见

put down的不同含义

put down (one’s knife and fork) 放下……

pit down the rebellion

镇压

put down what sb. says

记下，写下

take up 的不同含义

take up a hobby

培养……

take up football

开始……

take up the work

继续……

take up…time/space

消耗,占据……

take up a post

就职

take up a song/ cry

跟着一起……

habit 常用短语

form/get the habit of

养成……习惯

be in/have the habit of

有…….习惯

get into the habit of

沾染了……恶习

get rid of the habit=

grow out of the habit=

break away from the habit

改掉了……习惯

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇14：非谓语动词-动词不定式 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

非谓语动词-动词不定式

问题：

1. 动词不定式在句中可以充当哪些成分？

2. 动词不定式有几种时态和语态的变化?

3. 动词不定式和动名词做主语有什么区别？

4. 介词后可以用动词不定式做宾语吗？

5. 哪些动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语时要省略to?

6. 动词不定式可以做哪些状语呢？

7. 哪些情况下常用动词不定式做定语？

8. 做插入语的动词不定式常见的有哪些？

Exercise 1: 判断：下列动词不定式在句中充当什么成分？

1. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.

2. It (the volcano) continued to erupt for the next three days.

3. How amazing it is to see the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago!

4. People started to dig in the area for treasure.

5. It’s hard to imagine how this quiet volcano destroyed the whole city.

6. Tomorrow we are off to Naples to visit the museum.

7. I was too tired to eat anything we were given.

8. Loulan is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD500.

9. I am so excited to be here!

10. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face.

11. Polly heard it (the stick) hit the step.

12. Polly was beginning to feel frightened again.

13. Would you like to come in and rest for a while?

14. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny.

15. The shark bumps you to find out if you are fit to be eaten.

Exercise 2: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I hope ____________ (see) you next week.

2. The car needs _________________ (repair) before we go on a trip to Europe.

3. I am sorry ______________ (give) you so much trouble.

4. Don’t pretend ______________ (work) hard. Just do what you should.

5. She is said ___________________ (write) the novel about New York for years.

6. The room seems _________________ (tidy) up already.

7. The meeting is ______________ (hold) tomorrow.

8. I am happy ___________________ (work) with you for so many years.

Exercise 3: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

9. _____________ (read) aloud is good for your English learning.

10. It’s impossible _______________ (finish) all the homework within two hours.

11. Seeing is _____________ (believe).

12. It’s a waste of time _____________ (argue) with him.

13. It’s no use __________ (discuss) with him since he has made up his mind.

14. It’s important and necessary ________ (master) a foreign language and computer skills.

15. It is my duty __________ (help) you with you English studies.

16. It takes only 2 hours _________ (arrive) in shanghai by bullet train.

Exercise 4: 翻译句子。

17. 我对该干什么感兴趣，而对如何做并不感兴趣。

I’m interested in _________________________________.

18. 他怎么也不去上学。He does everything _______________________________.

19. 我没办法只好放弃这次出国的机会。I had no choice ___________this chance to go abroad.

20. 我没有办法只好依靠自己。 I have got nothing to do ______________________.

Exercise 5:补全句子。

21. 医生劝我多休息。 The doctor advised me __________________________．

22. 我让他们参加我们的讨论。I got them _____________________ in the discussion．

23. 他们在等校长来。They are waiting for the headmaster ______________________.

24. 大家都认为Jack是个勤奋的孩子。

Everyone thought Jack _________________________________．

25. 我们相信它是真的。We believe it ____________________________.

26. 我看见那位女士锁上了门。 I saw the lady ___________________________．

27. 我们没让任何人进来。 We didn’t let anyone ____________________________．

Exercise 6: 用所给动词适当形式填空。

28. His parents died, _____________ (leave) him an orphan.

29. He rushed to the post office only ___________ (find) it was closed.

Exercise 7: 用所给动词适当形式填空。

30. The man __________________(speak) at the meeting now is from America.

31. Do you know the professor _____________(speak) at the meeting tomorrow?

32. He is the professor ______________(invite) to dinner last month.

Key：

Exercise 1: 略

Exercise 2:

1. to see 2. to be repaired/repairing 3. to have given 4. to be working 5. to have been writing 6. to have been tidied 7. to be held 8. to have been working 9. Reading 10. to finish 11. believing 12. arguing 13. discussing 14. to master 15. to help 16. to arrive 17. what to do but not how to do it 18. but go to school 19. but to give up 20. but depend on myself 21. to have some rest. 22. to join us 23. to come 24. to be hardworking 25. to be true 26. lock the door 27. come in 28. leaving 29. to find 30. speaking 31. to speak 32. invited

责任编辑：李芳芳

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